DE-MINERALISING PLANT

The availability of a suitable supply of water , both for cooling purpose and for boiler feed makeup , is one of the basic requirements of a power station . In this sense water may be regarded as an important raw material for the power generating industry. But natural water contains a varity of dissolved impurities,which often limit the use of this water in the industry. With the development of larger units in thermal power industry and progressively increasing steam temperature and pressure boiler feed makeup water for modern power stations has demanded an ultra pure quality of water can only be guaranteed by ion exchange de-mineralising process.

REASON FOR WATER TREATMENT For prevention of scales. For prevention of corrosion. For producing high quality steam. DISSOLVED IMPURITIES IN NATURAL WATER Natural water contains dissolved salts of two kinds viz. alkaline salts and neutral salts. Alkaline salts are the bi-carbonate of Ca, Mg,Na,K.Neutral salts are the sulphates,chlorides and nitrates of Ca,Na,Mg.Other dissolved impurities are silica,dissolved CO2 and Iron.Mn and Organic matter may also be present to lesser extent.The cations present in neutral water , therefore are pre-dominantly Ca+ +,Mg++,Na+ and K+ while the anions are mainly Cl-,SO4--,HCO3- with lower concencentration of silica and free CO2. Thus for given water the sum of total ions is the Total Dissolved Solids(T.D.S). The complete removal of all dissolved ions by any process is called de-ionisation or de-mineralisation. BACK WASH

If the normal flow of water is reversed that is the water is forced from downward to upward , the pores of the resin which got closed will be opened by removing the impurity.Then the acid or the alkaline is passed through it. It will be called Rinsed and the bed is again ready to use. AIR MIXING The air mixing is done because if any slipped out particle of cation or anion stays they will cover the resin. So the contact area of resin will be reduced.The adjacent opposite ions neutralise each other and presepitate them. Thus they dont get chocked. Conductivity=1 micro-mho/cm. PH VALUE OF WATER If the pH value of water gets below or above 7 then the water is called hungry water, when active scalling or corrosion takes place. Boiler water pH value is 9 to 9.5.It is ideal for scaling and corrosion prevension.To maintain the pH value Sodium hexameta phosphate(CALGON) or a little amount of Tri sodium phosphate is mixed with the steam. To minimise the rate of corrosion alittle amount of HYDRAZINE which is known as SLABENZER is feed through a position between boiler feed pump suction and deaerator. DM CHAIN AT KTPP The raw water influent to the DM plant at the K T P S is deep tube well water.There is no provision to store the tube well water into clear water storage tank of 550 m3 water capacity each, very close to the DM plant premises.