Chemistry 467

Final Exam
Data and Equation Sheet
R = 8.3145 J mol
-1
K
-1
k
B
= 1.3807 x 10
-23
J K
-1
= 0.08206 L atm mol
-1
K
-1
h = 6.62608 x 10
-34
J s
= 0.083145 L bar mol
-1
K
-1
= 1.0545 x 10
-34
J s
N
A
= 6.022 x 10
23
mol
-1
c = 2.9979 x 10
8
m s
-1

m
e
= 9.10938 x 10
-31
kg

0 = 8.8541 x 10
-12
C
2
N
-1
m
-2
1 bar = 0.9869 atm = 100 kPa 1 L = 1000 cm
3
= 1 x 10
-3
m
3
1 atm = 101.32 kPa = 760 torr 1 amu = 1.66054 x 10
-27
kg
f (v
x
)dv
x
=
(
M
2 RT
)
1
2
e
M v
x
2
2RT
dv
x
f (v) dv=4
(
M
2RT
)
3
2
v
2
e
M v
2
2 RT
dv
v= v=
(
8k
B
T
m
)
1/2
=
(
8 RT
M
)
1/ 2
v
rms
=
.
v
2
=
(
3RT
M
)
1/ 2
v
mp
=
(
2 RT
M
)
1/2

v
rel
=
(
8k T

)
1/ 2
Z
A
=.2u
(
8k
B
T
m
)
1/ 2
p
k
B
T
\=

v
Z
A
=
k
B
T
.2u p
Z
AB
=uv
rel
N
( A)
N
( B)
=u
(
8k
B
T

)
1/ 2
N
A
2
A| B|
F=
p
( 2k
B
T m)
1/2
k=Pu
(
8k
B
T

)
1/ 2
N
A
e
E
a
/ RT
k=Ae
E
a
/ RT
0=
p K
ads
1+p K
ads

H=

2
2m

2
x
2
+V ( x) P.I.B. E
n
=
h
2
n
2
8m L
2
( x)=
.
2
L
sin
n x
L
P
t
=e
2o L
o=
.
2m(VE
K
)

2-D Rotor E=

2
m
l
2
2 I
3-D Rotor E=l (l +1)

2
2 I
B=

2
2 I
=

2
2 r
0
2
Harmonic Oscillator E
n
=
(
n+
1
2
)
u=
(
n+
1
2
)
h v 2v=u=
.
k/
Anharmonic Oscillator E
n
=
(
n+
1
2
)
h v
(
n+
1
2
)
2
x
e
h v
x
e
=
v
4 D
e
Hydrogen Atom E
n
=
m
e
e
4
8c
0
2
h
2
n
2
=
e
2
8c
0
a
0
n
2
d f=r
2
sin 0dr d 0d
Z
N
=
1
N !

e
E
p
/k T
d q
1
d q
2
d q
N
B=2 N
A
0

f r
2
dr
f =e
E
p
k T
1
E
p
(r)=4c
(
r
o
r
)
12

(
r
o
r
)
6

p=
RT
V
m
b

a
V
m
2
p=
RT
V
m
(
1+
B
V
m
+
C
V
m
2
+...
)
V
2
T
2
C
V
/n R
=V
1
T
1
C
V
/n R
p
1
T
2
C
p
/ nR
=p
2
T
1
C
p
/n R
p
2
V
2
y
=p
1
V
1
y
where y=
C
p
C
V
o=
1
V
(
V
T
)
p
x
T
=
1
V
(
V
p
)
T
(
p
T
)
V
=
o
x
C
p
C
V
=
T V o
2
x
c=
w
q
in
=1
T
lo
T
hi
ln =

0
p
Z1
p
dp
(
x
y
)
z
(
y
z
)
x
(
z
x
)
y
=1
(
U
V
)
T
=T
(
p
T
)
V
p
(
(G/ T )
T
)
p
=
H
T
2
A
mix
G
ideal
=nRT

i
x
i
ln x
i
dp
dT
=
A
trs
S
A
trs
V
=
A
trs
H
T A
trs
V
d ln p
dT
=
A
vap
H
RT
2
ln =

0
p
Z1
p
dp
d ln K
d (1/T )
=
A
r
H
o
R
d ln K
dT
=
A
r
H
o
RT
2
K=

J
(
q
J
o
N
)
v
J
e
AU
0
/ RT
U=k T
2
(
lnQ
T
)
N ,V
p=k T
(
lnQ
V
)
N ,T
S=k ln Q+k T
(
ln Q
T
)
N ,V

i
=k T
(
ln Q
N
i
)
T , V , N
ji
k
2
=
kT
h
RT
p
o

K

=
N
A
q
C

o
q
A
o
q
B
o
e
A E
0
/ RT
k
2
=Be
A

S/ R
e
A

H/ RT
B=
kT
h
RT
p
o
E
a
=A

H+RT (1Av )