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DISCOVERY 2 MOD 9
TROUBLESHOOTING STUDY GUIDE

9.1 Troubleshooting Methodologies and Tools

9.1.1 The OSI Model and Troubleshooting
1. What are the layers of the OSI
model?

2. What are the layers of the TCP/IP

model?

3. Which layer of the OSI model

encrypts and decrypts data?

4. Which layer of the OSI model is

responsible for end-to-end
message delivery over the
network?
5. Which layer of the OSI model
includes all forms of
electromagnetic transmission such
as light, electricity, infrared, and
radio waves?
6. Which layers of the OSI model
handles data-transport issues?

9.1.1.3 Activity
9.1.1.4 Lab Activity
9.1.2 Troubleshooting Methodologies
7. What are the three main
troubleshooting approaches when
using network models?
8. On what layer does the top-down
approach start?

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9. What is the divide and conquer
method?

9.1.2.2 Activity
9.1.3 Troubleshooting Tools
10. What is a physical network
topology?

11. What items are usually included

on a physical network topology?

12. What is a logical network

topology?

13. What is typically included on

logical network topologies?

14. What software tools provide

monitoring and reporting functions
for establishing the network
baseline?
15. What tool can be used to locate the
source of failure and determine if
it was caused by malware,
malicious activity or a failed
device?
16. What does a protocol analyzer do?

9.1.3.3 Lab Activity

17. What do you use a cable tester for?

18. What device can pinpoint the

distance to a break in a cable?

19. What test instrument directly

measures electrical values of
voltage, current, and resistance?
20. What does a network analyzer do?

9.1.4.1 CCENT Study Guide

9.2 Troubleshooting Layer 1 and Layer 2 Issues
9.2.1 Layer 1 and 2 Problems

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21. What are the types of problems
that occur at Layer 1 directly
related to?
22. What happens when a collision
occurs?

23. Define CSMA/CD

24. What type of symptoms indicate

the problem might be a Layer 2
problem?
9.2.1.3 Activity
9.2.2 Troubleshooting Device Hardware and Boot Errors
25. What are the three stages of the
bootup process?

26. What command displays the

version of the Operating System
and whether all interface hardware
is recognized?
27. What command shows the
operational status of the device
interfaces and IP addresses
assigned?
28. What are the five common bootup
errors?

29. What should you do if POST fails?

30. What is a boot helper?

31. How do you boot into ROMMON

mode?

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9.2.3 Troubleshooting cable and device port errors
32. What does up/down status
indicate?

33. What are some common cable or

media issues that can cause a
down/down output?

34. What are some common Layer 2

issues that causes an up/down
output?

35. What kind of output does the show

interfaces command include?

36. What is an indicator of excessive

noise on Ethernet and serial
interfaces?
37. What can cause excessive noise?

38. What can cause excessive

collisions?

39. What is the cause of runt frames?

40. What is the most common cause of

late collisions?

9.2.3.3 Lab Activity

9.2.4 Troubleshooting LAN Connectivity Issues
41. What is the fist step in
troubleshooting LAN connectivity
issues?
42. What command can be used to
show the parameters configured on
a switch port?
43. What command will show you the
duplex and speed settings on a port
and whether manual or
autonegotiation features were
used?

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44. How do you correct duplex
mismatch errors?

9.2.4.3 Packet Tracer Activity

9.2.4.4 Lab Activity
9.2.5 Troubleshooting WAN Connectivity Issues
45. What must you know to
successfully troubleshoot serial
WAN connectivity problems?
46. What is reported when the router
serial interface cannot detect any
signal on the line?
47. Why would you get a serial is up,
line protocol is down (DCE)
message?
48. What output would you get if there
is a hardware related problem?

49. If you get the output message

serial is administratively down,
how do you correct this problem?
50. What output will you get if the
interface is operating as expected?

9.2.5.3 Packet Tracer Activity

9.2.5.4 Lab Activity
9.2.6.1 CCENT Study Guide
9.3.1 Review of Layer 3 Functionality and IP Addressing
51. How are Layer 1 networks
created?

52. What are the primary functions

implemented at Layer 3 of the OSI
model?
53. How is each packet identified at
Layer 3?

9.3.1.3 Activity
9.3.1.4 Packet Tracer Activity
9.3.2 IP Design and Configuration Issues
54. What are the advantages of a
hierarchical IP addressing scheme?

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55. What two conditions account for
many IP addressing and routing
issues with networks?
56. When does an overlapping subnet
occur?

57. What is indicated if an interface

remains administratively down
after the no shutdown command is
issued?
58. How can misconfigured subnet
masks affect network
configuration?

9.3.2.4 Simulation GUI

9.3.3 IP Address Planning and Allocation Issues
59. What is one indication of a subnet
having too many hosts?

60. When a host running Microsoft

Windows does not receive an
address from a DHCP server, what
is the address it automatically
assigns itself?
61. What command will check
whether the DHCP server has
available addresses?
9.3.3.2 Activity
9.3.3.3 Lab Activity
9.3.4 DHCP and NAT Issues
62. What command will verify that IP
addressing is assigned?

63. What is the first step in

troubleshooting?

64. What command will display all

address conflicts recorded by the
DHCP server?
65. What can you do to determine the
problem is not DHCP?

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66. How can a router be configured to
forward and broadcast packets,
including DHCP requests, to a
specific server?
67. What are the three types of address
translation?

68. What two common configuration

errors affect all three translation
methods?

69. What is one of the most useful

commands when verifying NAT
operations?
70. How do you clear the existing
translations?

71. What command is used to

determine the path the translated
packets are taking and verify that
the route is correct?
9.3.4.5 Packet Tracer Activity
9.3.5.1 CCENT Study Guide
9.4.1 Layer 3 Routing Issues
72. What is the primary tool to use
when troubleshooting Layer 3
routing problems?
73. What is included in a routing
table?

74. How do routing protocols choose

which routes are preferred?

75. If there is more than one router to

a specific destination network,
which one is installed in the
routing table?
76. When are directly connected
routes installed in the routing
table?
77. What is the most likely reasons if a
static or default route does not
appear in the routing table?
9.4.1.4 Packet Tracer Activity

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9.4.2 Dynamic Routing Errors
78. When does a routing table change
if you are using dynamic routing?

79. What is the dynamic routing

protocol used in a small-to-
medium sized LAN?
80. Which version of RIP supports
classless routing or variable length
subnet masks (VLSM)?
81. What does the network statement
do?

82. What utilities are used to verify

connectivity?

83. What utility can verify

connectivity and make
configuration changes?
9.4.2.3 Packet Tracer Activity
9.4.2.4 Lab Activity
9.4.3.1 CCENT Study Guide
9.5.1 Layer 4 Traffic Filtering Errors
84. What are the responsibilities of
Layer 4?

85. What is a common indicator of

Layer 4 problems?

86. Identify what the following port 23

numbers are used for:
25

53 –

80 –

110 –

143 –

161 –

443 –

9.5.1.2 Activity

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9.5.2 Troubleshooting Upper Layer Problems
87. What are the most widely known
and implemented TCP/IP
application layer protocols?
88. Which application layer protocol
collects information from managed
devices?
89. Which application layer protocol
enables email clients to retrieve
messages and store email on
servers?
90. What method of troubleshooting
should be used to troubleshoot
upper layer problems?
91. What accounts for the majority of
upper layer network problems?

92. What command can be used to

determine s DNS is functioning
correctly?
93. What are the upper layers
responsible for?

9.5.3 Using Telnet to Check Upper Layer Connectivity

94. What does Telnet do?

95. Is Telnet a secure protocol?

96. What is SSH?

9.5.3.2 Lab Activity

9.5.4.1 CCENT Study Guide
9.6 Preparing for Cisco Certification
9.6.1 Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities
97. How do you obtain CCENT
certification?

98. What does the ICND1 exam (650-

822) test?

99. What are Cisco certification exams

designed to measure?

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9.6.2 Networking Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities
100. What is one of the best ways to
develop troubleshooting abilities?

9.6.4.2 Activity
9.6.2.5 Lab Activity
9.6.3 Making the Commitment
101. What is the first step to obtaining a
Cisco certification?

102. What is included in a certification

preparation plan?

9.6.5.3 Lab
9.6.5.5 Packet Tracer Activity
9.6.6.1 CCENT Study Guide
9.6.6.2 CCENT Study Guide
9.8.1 Quiz

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