ENERGY MANAGEMENT BMCE 4213

MS 1525, GBI and IEQ Relation & Passive Home Design

PREPARED BY: MOHAMMAD HAIQAL B. SUPAAT B040910096 4BMCT2 PREPARED FOR: PM JUHARI AB RAZAK

MS 1525 : Code of Conduct

MS 1525 is the code of practice on energy efficiency and use of renewable energy for non residential building. Being proposed by Kementerian Tenaga, Air dan Komunikasi to Ministry of housing and local government to ensure that every building have a standard management to ensure that no wastage and excess design in providing comfort usage of the building to human. MS1525 then enforce the introduction of Green Building Index and Indoor Environment Quality standard that applied by manufacturing of building in this country nowadays.

Green Building Index (GBI)

Green Building Index standard being categorized into three level of performance to recognize the rating of the building management which is either silver, gold or platinum. GBI rating tool provides an opportunity for developers and building owners to design and construct green, sustainable buildings that can provide energy savings, water savings, a healthier indoor environment, better connectivity to public transport and the adoption of recycling and greenery for their projects and reduce our impact on the environment. GBI being introduced to guide architect and engineer work together in order to: 1. Define green buildings by establishing a common language and standard of measurement 2. Promote integrated, whole-building designs that provides a better environment 3. Recognise and reward environmental leadership 4. Transform the built environment to reduce its negative environmental impact 5. Ensure new buildings remain relevant in the future and existing buildings are refurbished and upgraded to improve the overall quality of our building stock GBI were used in Malaysia such other country to guide the building development and manufacturing. This standard helps Malaysia develop without harm the environment and by

following standard, further development planning and continues development could be done stage by stage.

Indoor Environment Quality IEQ

Challenge in building management is to ensure the human comfort. Building that being build up with space and height will become the heat collector and storage. Indoor Environmental Quality simply refers to the quality of the air in an office or other building environments. Workers are often concerned that they have symptoms or health conditions from exposures to contaminants in the buildings where they work. One reason for this concern is that their symptoms often get better when they are not in the building. Hence, IEQ were introduced to standardize the HVAC system that could be install in a building or not. IEQ is refer to GBI as the method that being used to control the building user friendly to their health care. With enclosure operation along day, it important to ensure there is a system to inject out the air inside and the air purity inside the building became priority but with controlled standard and Understanding the sources of indoor environmental contaminants and controlling them can often help prevent or resolve building-related worker symptoms. Practical guidance for improving and maintaining the indoor environment is available The controlled parameter inside building according to the IEQ importance were: 1. HVAC System A good Ventilation and air conditioning system inside the building ensure the hazardous air could be prevented and the health concern could be preserve. In HVAC study, there is many type of the system that can be use based on the suitability of installation place and purpose. For example, for a building that conducts printing business, it contribute into carbon dioxide and monoxide production due to the process and chemical involved. Hence the standard that set by IEQ is to ensure the chemical being exhaust out of the building and being replace with the fresh

air from outside of the building so that the process could continuously being done and air circulate. IEQ requirement then limits the choosing of ventilation system. There is two type of ventilation system which is dilution and local exhaust. In these cases, dilution should be use even it provide higher energy consumption compare to exhaust since it ensure a safer operation and environment. 2. Dampness and mold in building "dampness" was defined as the presence of unwanted and excessive moisture in buildings. Dampness results from water incursion either from internal sources (e.g. leaking pipes) or external sources (e.g. rainwater). Dampness becomes a problem when various materials in buildings become wet for extended periods of time. Excessive moisture in the air (i.e., high relative humidity) that is not properly controlled with air conditioning can also lead to excessive dampness. Flooding causes dampness. Dampness is a problem in buildings because it provides the moisture that supports the growth of bacteria, fungi (i.e., mold), and insects.

Figure 1: Dampness effect that could harm health

Passive Home Design: Cooling and Heating Passive home design is the standard measurement for designing the house in order to maximize or minimize the heat gain due to its definition that dependent on the climate. In heat transfer study, there is two type of heat gain which is sensible heat and latent heat. Sensible heat classified as the heat that be feel while the latent heat is the heat that being transferred trough medium that we human couldnt feel. However, both type of heat still is a source of energy that tempted human comfort. In designing a passive home, the challenge was to decide either the main focus is to reduce of increase the heat gain. Cooling In Malaysia without 4 seasonal climate, the focus on designing the passive home were mainly on removing heat of preventing any effort that contribute towards much heat absorbance and gain by the house. Specifications that need to be look at in cooling house design is Orientation, roof system, window system and shape to prevent the sensible heat gain. While for latent heat prevention, HVAC system and material selection were study to minimize the storage. This method also applied at heating home design but with reverse principle and application. Orientation and roof system The most suggest orientation of the house is based on the east-west sun motion that bring a direct heat gain to the home.

Figure 2: Sunlight penetration on home

Shading effect on the roof system prevent amount of UV which bring heat into the house. Hence, it preferable that the roof being design with appropriate wide on top so that the homes wall receiving minimum UV penetration. Orientation of home based on figure 3 suggest that the door and window of the home should being situated towards north or south since it provide lowest rate of heat gain.

HVAC and Material Selection HVAC system can be use to removed stored heat inside house. During daylight, the heat might could be reduce during storage, but when night approach surrounding temperature were low, and the heat inside home will transfer through out of the house and bring comfort issues to residency. Material selection on building wall and floor of the house should be as low thermal conductivity as possible and consist of finned surface so that the lag time in heat transfer could be increase. Ventilation and Air conditioning system then helps to preserve comfort during night and remove the heat from being remain trapped.