Code No: C9911/RR

RR

II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 COMPUTER ORGANIZATION ( Common to Computer Science & Engineering, Information Technology, Computer Science & Systems Engineering and Electronics & Computer Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) Discuss about PCI bus arbitration (b) List the merits and demerits of centralized and distributed bus arbitrations. [8+8] 2. (a) Perform the following subtractions on the following decimal numbers using 9s complement representation. i. 23-12 ii. 23-29 (b) A binary computer uses 36 bit registers to store numbers. Eight bits are used for the exponent and the exponent is represented in excess 64 form. Find the approximate range of decimal numbers handled by this computer [6+10] 3. (a) List various data transfer operations of IBM S/370 system (b) Explain about common transfer-of-control operations found in instruction sets. [8+8] 4. (a) List and describe integer arithmetic and logical instructions of Motorola 88000 (b) Discuss about functioning of Motorola 88000 instruction unit pipeline. [8+8] 5. (a) What is block hit ratio? (b) Explain major variables on which hit ratio depends. (c) Discuss about FIFO replacement with two dierent memory capacities. Give suitable example [3+3+10] 6. (a) Discuss the changes in memory and register for an interrupt in interrupt-driven I/O. (b) Dierentiate between programmed I/O and interrupt-driven I/O. (c) Explain about simple interrupt processing with the help of a ow chart. [6+4+6] 7. (a) Discuss about microinsturction execution. (b) Dierentiate between packed and unpacked microinsturction (c) Dierentiate between hard and soft micro progaramming 1 of 2 [6+5+5]

Code No: C9911/RR

RR

8. Assume that 20 percent of the instructions executed on a computer are branch instruction and delayed branching is used with one delay slot. Estimate the gain in performance if the complier is able to use 85 percent of the delay slots [16]

2 of 2

Code No: R22042

R10

SET - 1

II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 ELECTRO MAGNETIC WAVES AND TRANSMISSION LINES (Com. to ECE, EIE) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~--~~~~~~~~~~~ 1. a) What are equipotential surfaces? Give two examples of these. b) A line charge L=400pC/m lies along the axis. The surface of zero potential passes through the point (0, 5, 12) cm. Find the potential at point (2, 3, -4) m. (7M+8M)

2.

a) State and explain Biot-Savarts law relating the magnetic field produced at a point due to the current in a small elemental wire. b) A thin ring of radius 5cm is placed on plane z=1 cm so that its center is at (0, 0, 1) cm. If the ring carries 50 mA along a , find H at (i) (0, 0,-1) cm (ii) (0, 0, 10) cm. (7M+8M)

3.

a) What is the Faradays law of induction? Explain the significance of the terms transformer e.m.f and generator e.m.f. b) In a medium of = 50, =2.50, resistivity =0.2 -m and E = 20V/m, find the conduction current density. If this current density exists in a cylindrical rod of 2 cm diameter, evaluate the current that can flow through the rod. (7M+8M)

4.

a) Derive wave equation for source free regions. b) The electric field in free space is given by E=20 cos (108t+x) ay V/m i) Find the direction of propagation ii) Calculate and the time it takes to travel a distance of /2 iii) Sketch the wave at t=0, T/4 and T/2 (7M+8M)

5.

a) Define surface impedance and explain how it exists. b) Derive expression for reflection and transmission coefficients of an EM wave when it is incident normally on a dielectric. (7M+8M)

1 of 2

Code No: R22042

R10

SET - 1

6.

a) Assuming z-direction of propagation in a parallel plane wave guide, determine the expressions for the transverse field components in terms of partial derivation of EZ and HZ. b) Account for the presence of TE, TM and TEM waves in parallel plane wave guides and explain their significance. (7M+8M)

7.

a) Using the general line equations, obtain an expression for the input impedance of a line. b) A lossless transmission line has a capacitance of 50 pF/m and an inductance of 200nH/m. Find the characteristics impedance for sections of a line 10m long and 500m long. (7M+8M)

8.

a) Derive the expression for the voltage standing wave ratio from the transmission line theory. b) A 60 lossless line is connected to a source with 10v, Zg=50-j40, and terminated with a load of j40. If the line is 100m long and =0.25rad/m, calculate Zin and voltage at i) The sending end ii) The receiving end iii) 4m from the load end iv) 3m from the source. (7M+8M)

2 of 2

Code No: R22042

R10

SET - 2

II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 ELECTRO MAGNETIC WAVES AND TRANSMISSION LINES (Com. to ECE, EIE) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1. a) Using Gausss law derive expression for electric field intensity and electric flux density due to an infinite sheet of charge density C/cm b) A parallel plate capacitor has 250side plates of square shape separated by 5mm distance. A sulphur slab of 6mm thickness with r = 4 is kept on the lower plate find the capacitance of the set-up. If a voltage of 50volts is applied across the capacitor, calculate the voltage at both the regions of the capacitor between the plates. (7M+8M)

2.

a) The magnetic vector potential of a current distribution in free space is given by

A = 15e sin a z Wb/m. Find H at (3, / 4,10). Also find the flux through
= 5, 0

0 z 10.

b) Derive an expression for magnetic vector potential A for surface currents.

(7M+8M)

3.

a) Describe the concept of displacement current with suitable example and derive the Maxwells equation which incorporates the displacement current. b) A conducting circular loop of radius 20 cm lies in the z=0 plane in a magnetic filed

B = 10 cos 377t a z mWb/m2. Calculate the induced voltage in the loop.

4.

(7M+8M)

a) Define uniform plane wave. Prove that uniform plane wave does not have field components in the direction of propagation. b) If
r = 9, = 0 , for the medium in which a wave with a frequency of f= 0.3GHz is

propagating, determine the propagation constant and intrinsic impedance of the medium when = 0. (7M+8M)

1 of 2

Code No: R22042

R10

SET - 2

5.

A y-polarized uniform plane wave with fields (Ei, Hi) and a frequency of 75MHz propagates in air in the +x direction and impinges normally on a perfectly conducting plane at x= 0. Assuming the amplitude of Ei to be 12mV/m, write the phasor and instantaneous expressions for a) Ei and Hi of the incident wave, b) Er and Hr of the reflected wave and c) ET and HT of the total wave in air, and d) Determine the location nearest to the conducting plane, Where ET and HT are zero. (15M)

6.

a) Define and derive the equations for phase and group velocities in a parallel plane guide. On what factors do they depend? b) A parallel plate wave guide made of two perfectly conducting infinite planes spaced 3cm apart in air operates at a frequency of 10GHz. Find the maximum time average power that can be propagated per unit width of the guide for TE10 and TM10 modes. (7M+8M)

7.

a) Explain about the propagation constant in transmission lines. b) Explain the conditions which are used for minimum attenuation in transmission lines. c) What is loading? Explain different types of loading in transmission lines. (4M+4M+7M)

8.

a) Describe all the characteristics of UHF lines? b) Explain the significance and design of single stub impedance matching. Discuss the factors on which stub length depends. (6M+9M)

2 of 2

Code No: R22042

R10

SET - 3

II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 ELECTRO MAGNETIC WAVES AND TRANSMISSION LINES (Com. to ECE, EIE) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1. a) Define Gauss law. Apply Gauss law to derive the boundary conditions at a conductordielectric interface. b) Derive an expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor containing two dielectrics with the dielectric interface parallel to the conducting plates. (7M+8M)

2.

a) Show that the magnetic field due a finite current element along z-axis at a point P, r

. Where I is the current distance away along y-axis is given by H = (1 / 2 r )(Sin 1 Sin 2 ) a
through the conductor, 1, 2 are the angles made by the tips of the conductor element at P b) State Amperes circuital law. Specify the conditions to be met for determining magnetic field strength H, based on Amperes circuital law. (6M+9M)

3.

a) Derive Maxwells equations in integral form and differential form for time varying fields. b) Explain how the concept of displacement current was introduced by Maxwell to account for the production of magnetic field in the empty space. (7M+8M)

4.

a) For a conducting medium derive expressions for and . b) Determine the phase velocity of propagation, attenuation constant, phase constant and intrinsic impedance for a forward travelling wave in a large block of copper at 1 MHz ( = 5.8 x 107, r =1, r =1). Determine the distance that the wave must travel to be attenuated by a factor of 100 (40db). (7M+8M)

5.

Prove that under the condition of no reflection at an interface, the sum of the Brewster angle and the angle of refraction is 90 degrees for parallel polarization for the case of reflection by a perfect conductor under oblique incidence, with neat sketches. (15M)

1 of 2

Code No: R22042

R10

SET - 3

6.

a) Explain about attenuation in parallel-plate wave guides. Also draw attenuation versus frequency characteristics of wave guided between parallel conducting plates. b) Explain the significance of TEM wave in a parallel plane guide, and derive an expression for the attenuation factor for TEM waves. (7M+8M)

7.

a) Define characteristic impedance and propagation constants of transmission line and obtain lossless conditions. b) A distortion less line of 80 has = 50 KHz to a load of 140. The load power is 75mW. Calculate i) Voltage reflection coefficient ii) VSWR iii) Position of VMax, Imin,Vmin and Imin (7M+8M)

8.

a) Define the reflection coefficient and derive the expression for i/p impedance in terms of reflection coefficient. b) Explain how the i/p impedance varies with the frequency with sketches. (7M+8M)

2 of 2

Code No: R22042

R10

SET - 4

II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 ELECTRO MAGNETIC WAVES AND TRANSMISSION LINES (Com. to ECE, EIE) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1. a) State Coulombs law of force between any two point charges, and indicate the units of the quantities in the force equation. b) A point charge Q1 =10C is located at P(1,2,3) in free space, while Q2=5C is at P2(1,2,10). i) Find the vector force exerted on Q2 by Q1. ii) Find the coordinates of P3 at which a point charge Q3 experience no force. (7M+8M)

2.

a) Derive equation of continuity for static magnetic fields. b) Derive an expression for magnetic field strength H, due to a current carrying conductor of finite length placed on Y-axis at point P in the X-Z plane and r distance from the origin. Hence deduce the expression for H due to semi-finite length of the conductor. (6M+9M)

3.

a) What is the continuity equation? Derive it from the basics and describe all its forms. b) In a material for which = 5.0(m)-1 and r = 1, the electric field intensity is E= 250 sin 1010 t V/m. Find the conduction and displacement current densities and the frequency at which they have equal magnitudes. (7M+8M)

4.

a) Derive wave equation for a conducting medium. b) A plane wave is propagating in a medium having the properties r = 4, r = 36, = 1 s / m the E =100e-az cos(109t-z) ax V/m, determine associated magnetic field. (7M+8M)

1 of 2

Code No: R22042

R10

SET - 4

5. a) Show that in a good conductor, the skin depth is always much shorter than the wave length. b) An EM wave travelling in air is incident normally on a boundary between air and a dielectric having permeability same as free space and permittivity as 4. Prove that one-ninth of the incident power is reflected and eight-ninths of it is transmitted into the second medium. (7M+8M)

6. a) Explain and sketch the nature of variations of attenuation with frequency in a parallel plate wave guide for TE, TM and TEM waves. b) When a wave of 6GHz is to be propagated between two parallel conducting plates separated by 60mm, find the modes that will propagate through the guide. (7M+8M)

7. a) What are the different types of losses in transmission lines? b) A co-axial cable has following parameters Z0 =50 ohms, L= 20KM if the power input is 1 watt and the attenuation constant is 1.5dB/km. Find the output power of the cable provided it is terminated by Z0. Also determine the output current. (7M+8M)

8. a) Explain clearly why the short circuited stub are preferred over to open circuited stubs? b) Derive the expression for the input impedance of a loss-less line. Hence evaluate ZOC and ZOC and sketch their variation with line length. (6M+9M)

2 of 2

Code No: R22034

R10
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY (Mechanical Engineering)

SET - 1

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~--~~~~~~~~~~ 1. a) What are the advantages of casting process over other shaping processes? b) Give an account of different pattern materials? a) Describe the solidification of a pure metal with a neat sketch. b) Large castings are not made by investment casting. Comment.

Max. Marks: 75

2.

3.

What are the various types of welding joints? How are they classified? Explain all of with neat sketches.

them

4.

a) What are some of the commonly used shielding gases in gas tungsten arc process? Explain their characteristics. b) What are the primary process variables of gas metal arc welding? Explain their influence on weld quality. a) Explain recrystallization and grain growth processes and their effect on properties of a metal worked component. b) Explain the selection of optimum hot working temperature. a) Compare hot spinning and cold spinning. b) Sketch and explain wire drawing process. a) Why are heated dies generally employed in hot press forging? b) What is the primary shape limitation of the extrusion process? a) What is pultrusion? Explain. b) Describe the advantages of applying traditional metal forming techniques to forming plastics?

5.

6.

7.

8.

1 of 1

Code No: R22034

R10
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY (Mechanical Engineering)

SET - 2

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1. a) What are composite moulds? Why are they used? Where are they used? b) What are different types of gates?

Max. Marks: 75

2.

a) Differentiate between directional and unidirectional solidification. b) Compare cold chamber and hot chamber method of die casting.

3.

a) Explain the process of Thermit welding and discuss its advantages? b) How do you classify the welding processes? Explain briefly.

4.

What are the reasons for various defects observed in welding? List out the welding Suggest remedies?

defects.

5.

a) Compare cold working with hot working. b) Explain the effect of microstructure and strain rate on forming.

6.

a) Distinguish between open frame and closed frame of presses. b) What are the various press tool components?

7.

a) Derive the forces required in extrusion process. b) Classify and explain different forging tools.

8.

a) With the help of a neat sketch explain injection moulding process. b) List out the properties and applications of plastics.

1 of 1

Code No: R22034

R10
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY (Mechanical Engineering)

SET - 3

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1.

Max. Marks: 75

a) What are the primary requirements of a moulding sand? How is each provided by the sand and additive aggregate? b) What is shrink rule, and how does it work? a) Write the product applications of Semi-Centrifugal and Centrifugal casting methods. b) Write the advantages, limitations and product applications of investment casting methods. a) Describe the appearance and properties of i)Neutral Flame ii) Reducing Flame iii) Oxidising flame. b) How does straight polarity differ from reverse polarity? a) Describe with neat sketch the CO2 MIG welding process and give its specific applications. b) What is weldability? What factors influence it? a) Explain the advantages of cold working. Name typical applications of cold working. b) Explain hot rolling operations through i) Two high reversing mill ii) Three high mill iii) Four high mill. a) Derive an equation for drawing force. b) How to control the parameters in tube drawing? a) With the help of neat sketches explain the effect of semi cone angles on extruding force and discuss the mode of flow of material. b) How direct extrusion differs from indirect extrusion? Discuss their relative merits and demerits. a) Explain the steps involved in injection moulding of plastics. b) What are different additive agents in plastics? Explain.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

1 of 1

Code No: R22034

R10
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY (Mechanical Engineering)

SET - 4

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1.

Max. Marks: 75

a) Give an account of relative advantages and disadvantages of different pattern materials. b) What are different pattern allowances? Explain. a) What are some of the undesirable consequences that could result from turbulence of the metal in the gating system and mould cavity? Explain. b) Differentiate and explain vertical and horizontal gating system? a) Write the applications, advantages and limitation of gas welding. b) Write about spot welding electrodes. a) Why do properties vary widely in most welding heat affected zones? b) With the help of a neat sketch explain the inert gas welding process. a) Compare the properties of cold worked and hot worked parts. b) Distinguish between hot rolling and cold rolling. c) How do you estimate the rolling load? a) Identify the factors that influence the deep drawing force F and explain why they do? b) What is spring back and why is it a concern during bending? a) Describe with a neat sketch, how seamless tubes can be produced by extrusion. b) What is roll forging? Explain in detail. With the help of suitable figures explain the injection moulding process of plastics? What are the advantages and applications?

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

1 of 1

Code No: R22122

R10
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 COMPUTER ORGANIZATION AND ARCHITECTURE (Information Technology)

SET - 1

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~--~~~~~~~~~~~ 1. a) Draw and explain the structure of the IAS computer. b) What is PCI? Also explain the applications of PCI.

Max. Marks: 75

(8M+7M)

2.

What is an addressing mode? List and explain different addressing modes of 8086 microprocessor. (15M)

3.

a) What is a pipeline? What are its advantages? Explain b) List and explain the properties of RISC computers. (8M+7M)

4.

a) What is a micro-operation? Explain the constituent elements of a program execution. b) Define and explain the functional requirements for the control unit. (8M+7M)

5.

a) Draw and explain the LSI-11 microinstruction format. b) List and explain the applications of the microprogramming. (8M+7M)

6.

a) What is a memory cell? Explain the read and write operations on a memory cell. b) Draw and explain the structure of a DRAM and SRAM cells. (8M+7M)

7.

Discuss three different possible techniques for I/O operations. Also mention their merits and demerits. (15M)

8.

a) What is parallel processing? Explain the types of parallel processor systems. b) What is cache coherence? Explain. (8M+7M)

1 of 1

Code No: R22122

R10
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 COMPUTER ORGANIZATION AND ARCHITECTURE (Information Technology)

SET - 2

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Max. Marks: 75

1.

a) Draw and explain the basic block diagram of a digital computer. b) Explain the evolution of the Intel x86 architecture. (8M+7M)

2.

a) Describe different instructions formats. b) What is a register? List and explain main registers of a computer. (8M+7M)

3.

What is RISC? What are CISC? Explain their characteristics, merits and demerits.

(15M)

4.

a) What is an instruction cycle? Explain the flowchart for the instruction cycle. b) List and explain the salient features of Intel 8085. (9M+6M)

5.

What is microinstruction sequencing? List and explain different sequencing techniques. (15M)

6.

a) What is DRAM? What is an SRAM? Explain its merits and demerits. b) What is a ROM? Explain the types of ROM. (8M+7M)

7.

What is Direct Memory Access (DMA)? What is the need for DMA? Explain the working of DMA. Also mention its advantages. (15M)

8.

a) Explain the Flynns classification of computer systems. b) Explain the concept of multi-core computers. (8M+7M)

1 of 1

Code No: R22122

R10
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 COMPUTER ORGANIZATION AND ARCHITECTURE (Information Technology)

SET - 3

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Max. Marks: 75

1.

a) Draw and explain the expanded structure of IAS computer.

(8M+7M)

b) What is an instruction cycle? Explain how the instruction cycle is performed in computers?

2.

What is an addressing mode? Explain different basic addressing modes.

(15M)

3.

a) Differentiate between RISC and CISC. b) Explain the architecture of RISC computers. (8M+7M)

4.

Draw and explain the block diagram of Intel 8085.

(15M)

5.

a) Explain the classification of microinstructions. b) Explain the encoding of the microinstruction. (8M+7M)

6.

a) What is A ROM? Explain different types of ROM. b) What is a cache memory? What is its need? Explain (8M+7M)

7.

Explain the following a) Input-Output Processor b) Direct Memory Access c) Interconnected (PCI) bus (5M+5M+5M)

8.

a) Explain the organization of symmetric multiprocessors. b) What is cache coherence? Explain. (8M+7M)

1 of 1

Code No: R22122

R10
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 COMPUTER ORGANIZATION AND ARCHITECTURE (Information Technology)

SET - 4

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1.

Max. Marks: 75

a) Draw the basic block diagram of a computer? Also list and explain different components of a computer. (8M+7M)

b) With a neat flowchart, explain the Booths algorithm for twos complement multiplication.

2.

a) Draw and explain different instruction formats. b) Explain the register organization of Intel computers. (8M+7M)

3.

a) What is a pipeline? Explain pipelining hazards. b) List the main features of RISC computers. (8M+7M)

4.

a) Write an assembly language program in 8085 to find the sum of an array of 8-bit numbers. b) Differentiate between hardwired control and micro-programmed control. (8M+7M)

5.

a) Draw and explain the formats for horizontal and vertical microinstruction.

(8M+7M)

b) What is microinstruction sequencing? Explain two address field sequencing technique.

6.

What is a magnetic disc? Explain how read and write operations are performed on magnetic discs. Also explain physical characteristics of disc systems. (15M)

7.

a) Differentiate between programmed I/O and interrupt driven I/O. b) What is DMA? Explain the operation of DMA. (8M+7M)

8.

What is an array processor? Explain different approaches to vector computation.

(15M)

1 of 1

Code No: R22054

R10
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 COMPUTER ORGANIZATION (Com. to CSE, ECC)

SET - 1

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~--~~~~~~~~~~~ 1.

Max. Marks: 75

a) A memory unit has a capacity of 65536 words of 25 bits each. The instruction is divided into four parts: an indirect mode bit, an opcode, two bits that specify a processor register and an address part. Find the number of bits in MDR, MAR, PC, and opcode, respectively. b) Registers R1 and R2 of a computer contain the decimal values 12000 and 6000 respectively. What is the effective address of the memory operand in each of the following instructions? ii) STORE R5, 30 (R1, R2) iv) ADD - (R2), R5 (8M+7M)

i) MOV 20 (R1), R5 iii) LOAD #3000, R5

2.

a) If each address space represents one byte of storage space, then how many address lines are needed to access RAM chips arranged in a 4 X 6 array, where each chip is 8K X 4 bits? b) Explain the different types of memory chips. (10M+5M)

3.

a) What is a micro-operation? Explain the four different types of micro-operations. b) A logic network has two data inputs A and B, and two control inputs C0 and C1. It implements the function, F according to the following table. Design a circuit using one 4 X 1 Multiplexer, one 2-input Exclusive-OR gate, one 2-input AND gate, one 2-input OR gate and one Inverter. (7M+8M)

1 of 2

Code No: R22054

R10

SET - 1

4.

a) A microinstruction has 6 control fields, each one triggering the following number of control signals. What is the fewest number of control bits required to describe all the control fields?

b) Show the logic needed to generate the control signals for registers PC, DR, TR and IR of the relatively simple CPU. (8M+7M) 5. a) Consider the expression: (11A1B)8 = (12C9)16. Find the values of A and B in decimal system. b) In a 16 bit computer using 2s complement representation, an integer variable has value: 215 1. If 2 is added to the value 215 1, then what is the final result? c) Consider the values: A = 2.0 X 1030, B = -2.0 X 1030, C = 1.0, and the sequence: X = A + B; Y = A + C; X = X + C; Y = Y + B; executed on a computer where floating point numbers are represented with 32 bits. Find the values of X and Y? d) What is a normalized floating point number? Give an example. (3M+3M+4M+4M) a) What is content addressable memory? Explain the internal organization of content addressable memory with a suitable diagram. b) A computer system has a main memory and the cache memory, consisting of 1M 16-bit words and 4K words respectively. The cache memory is organized in the block set associative manner with 4- blocks per set and 64 words per block. i) How many bits are needed to represent each of the TAG, SET and WORD field? ii) How many bits are required for addressing the main memory? (7M+8M) a) Compare device polling and daisy chaining. b) What is an UART? Explain the internal configuration of UART. c) What is an I/O processor? Explain with a neat diagram. a) What are the salient features of RISC processors? Explain in detail. b) Design an 8 X 8 Omega network and derive the hardware complexity of it.

6.

7.

(5M+5M+5M)

8.

(7M+8M)

2 of 2

Code No: R22054

R10
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 COMPUTER ORGANIZATION (Com. to CSE, ECC)

SET - 2

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Max. Marks: 75

1.

a) Write a program for the relatively simple CPU to calculate the sum of n values,

i
i =1

and

show the execution trace of the program for n = 5. b) Registers X, Y and Z contain the values 1000, 2000 and 1000 respectively. Memory locations 1000 and 2000 contain the values 2000 and 3000 respectively. For the following instructions, each executed from the preceding initial state, what is the effect of executing each instruction? i) ADD X, (Y) ii) ADD (Z, X), X iii) SUB (Z, X), X iv) ADD #6000, (Y) (7M+8M) 2. a) What is the difference between SRAM and DRAM? Explain. b) Design a 16 X 2 memory subsystem with high-order interleaving using 8 X 2 memory chips for a computer system with an 8-bit address bus. (5M+10M) a) What is a shift micro-operation? Explain the different types of shift micro-operations. b) A logic network has two data inputs A and B, and two control inputs C0 and C1. It implements the function, F according to the following table. Design a circuit using one 4 X 1 Multiplexer, one 2-input Exclusive-OR gate, one 2-input AND gate, one 2-input OR gate and one Inverter. (7M+8M)

3.

4.

a) What is microprogramming? Compare hard-wired control and micro-programmed control. b) Show the logic needed to generate the control signals for the ALU of the relatively simple CPU. (8M+7M)

1 of 2

Code No: R22054

R10
(224) b =

SET - 2

5.

a) Find the base, b of the expression:

(13)b

b) What is the Booths coding in 8 bits for the decimal number: -57? c) The following binary floating point number is in the un-normalized form, and it consists of a sign bit, a fractional mantissa, an excess 64, radix 16 exponents. Find the normalized representation and its value in decimal system. 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 Sign bit Exponent Fractional Mantissa (3M+3M+ 9M) 6. a) Compare cache memory and virtual memory. b) What is meant by locality of reference? Explain. c) In a two-level virtual memory, the access time for main memory is 0.01 sec . And the access
time for the secondary memory is 0.01m sec . What must be the hit ratio such that the access efficiency is within 80% of its maximum possible value? (4M+4M+7M)
7. a) Explain the concept of handshaking technique. b) What is an interrupt? Explain the three types of interrupts. c) What is DMA? Explain the three types of DMA transfer modes.

(5M+5M+5M)

8.

a) What is an instruction pipeline? Explain, in detail, the two types of instruction pipeline conflicts with suitable examples. b) Design an 8 X 8 Benes network and derive the hardware complexity of it. (7M+8M)

2 of 2

Code No: R22054

R10
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 COMPUTER ORGANIZATION (Com. to CSE, ECC)

SET - 3

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1.

Max. Marks: 75

a) What are the status flags in 8085 microprocessor? Explain them with suitable examples. b) What is a Write a program for the relatively simple CPU that can evaluate the arithmetic expression X = (A - B) / (C + D * E) by a three address, two address, one address and zero address instructions. Assume that the processor has the following instructions: LOAD, STORE, DIV, MUL, ADD, SUB, MOV, PUSH, POP (5M+10M) a) A ROM is used to store the truth table for multiplication of two 8-bit unsigned integers. If the size of the ROM that is required to accommodate the truth table is X words * Y bits, then what would be the values of X and Y? b) Assume that a CPU has only two registers R1 and R2 and only the following instruction is available: XOR Ri , R j ; R j Ri R j for i, j = 1, 2 Using the above instruction, find an instruction sequence in order to exchange the contents of the registers R1 and R2. (7M+8M)

2.

3.

a) What is a logic micro-operation? Explain the different types of logic micro-operations. b) The 8-bit registers AR, BR, CR and DR initially have the values: 11110010, 11111111, 10111001 and 11101010 respectively. Determine the 8-bit values in each register after the execution of the following sequence of micro-operations: c) Draw the state diagram for modulo 6 counter. (5M+5M+5M)

4.

a) Obtain the contents of register A after the execution of the following ALP of 8085 microprocessor:

b) A certain processor has a microinstruction format containing 10 separate control fields: C0, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9. Each Ci can activate any one of ni distinct control lines, where ni is specified as follows:

What is the minimum number of control bits needed to represent the 10 control fields? (5M+10M) 1 of 2

Code No: R22054

R10

SET - 3

5.

a) What is the 2s complement of the number: -5/8? b) Perform the 2s complement multiplication for the signed integer operands: (-13) * (-10) using Booths recoding scheme. c) A digital computer uses a floating point representation comprising a signed magnitude fractional mantissa and an excess-16, radix-8 exponent. What decimal number is represented by a floating point number whose exponent is 10011 and mantissa is 101000 and the sign bit set? (3M+6M+6M) a) What is the difference between logical address and physical address? Give an example. b) Consider a logical address space of 8 pages of 1024 words mapped onto a physical memory of 32 frames. i) How many bits are there in the logical address? ii) How many bits are there in the physical address? c) A two-level memory, M1 and M2, the access times: t A1 = 10 8 sec . and t A2 = 10 3 sec .What must be the hit ratio, H, be in order for the for the access efficiency to be at least 65% of its maximum possible value? (4M+4M+7M)

6.

7.

a) Compare memory mapped I/O and I/O mapped I/O. b) How many characters per second can be transmitted over an asynchronous serial transmission line (i.e. START-STOP bit scheme) at 2400 bits per second with 2 STOP bits? Each character code consists of 8-bits. c) What is a daisy chaining? Explain with a neat diagram. (5M+5M+5M) a) What is an interleaving? Explain the high-order and low-order interleaving with an example. b) A RISC instruction pipeline has four stages with propagation delays of 30ns, 25ns, 60ns and 40ns, respectively. i) What are the clock period and steady-state speedup of the pipeline? ii) If a non-pipelined CPU can process an instruction in 150ns, what is the actual steadystate speedup of the pipeline? (7M+8M)

8.

2 of 2

Code No: R22054

R10
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 COMPUTER ORGANIZATION (Com. to CSE, ECC)

SET - 4

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1.

Max. Marks: 75

a) A computer has 48 bit instructions and 12 bit addresses. If there are S three address instructions, D two address instructions and V address instructions, then how many zero address instructions can be formulated? b) Write a program for the relatively simple CPU that can evaluate the arithmetic expression X = (A + B) * (C + D) by a three address, two address, one address and zero address instructions. Assume that the processor has the instructions: LOAD, STORE, MUL, ADD, MOV, PUSH, POP (7M+8M) a) What is an instruction cycle? Explain fetch and execute operations. b) Design a 16 X 4 memory subsystem with high-order interleaving using 8 X 2 memory chips for a computer system with an 8-bit address bus. (5M+10M)

2.

3.

a) What is a hardware description language? Explain the features of VHDL. b) Design a modulo 6 counter for implementation of the RTL code.

(5M+10M)

4.

a) What is microinstruction? Compare horizontal and vertical microinstructions. b) What are the two methods to reduce the number of microinstructions needed by the control unit? Explain, in detail, with suitable examples. (7M+8M) a) How many 1s are present in the unsigned binary representation of the value of the decimal expressions: 32768 X 4 + 1024 X 8 + 32 X 16 + 32? b) What is the Booths coding in 10 bits for the decimal number: -100? c) A digital computer uses a floating point representation comprising a signed magnitude fractional mantissa and an excess-16, radix-4 exponent. What decimal number is represented by a floating point number whose exponent is 10101 and mantissa is 111000 and the sign bit set? (5M+5M+5M)

5.

1 of 2

Code No: R22054

R10

SET - 4

6.

a) What is a page? When do page faults occur? The address sequence generated by tracing a particular program executing in a pure demand paging system, with 100 records per page and one free main memory frame is recorded as follows: 0100, 0210, 0430, 0499, 0510, 0530, 0560, 0120, 0220, 0240, 0260, 0320, 0370, and 0360. What is the total number of pages which will not occur page faults? b) What is a segment? What is a paged segmentation? Consider the following segment table with segment number, segment length and segment base address:

What are the physical addresses for the following logical addresses? i) 0, 430 ii) 1, 14 iii) 4, 112 iv) 1, 13 v) 3, 400 vi) 2, 500

(8M+7M)

7.

a) Compare device polling and daisy chaining. b) What is an UART? Explain the internal configuration of UART. c) How many characters per second can be transmitted over an asynchronous serial transmission line (i.e. START-STOP bit scheme) at 2400 bits per second with 2 STOP bits? Each character code consists of 8-bits. (5M+5M+5M)

8.

a) Compare RISC and CISC processors. b) Explain the Flynns classification of multiprocessor systems. c) What is a massively parallel processor? Give an example.

(5M+5M+5M)

2 of 2

Code No: R22014

R10
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 HYDRAULICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY (Civil Engineering)

SET - 1

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~--~~~~~~~~~~ 1.

Max. Marks: 75

a) What do you understand by i) steady and unsteady flow, ii) uniform and non-uniform flow in the case of channels? b) An irrigation channel of trapezoidal section, having side slope s 3 horizontal to 2 vertical, is to carry a flow of 10 cumec on a longitudinal slope of 1 in 5000. The channel is to be lined for which the value of friction coefficient in Mannings formula is n = 0.012. Find the dimensions of the most economic section of the channel. (6M+9M) a) A horizontal rectangular channel 4 m wide carries a discharge of 16 m3/s. Determine whether a jump may occur at an initial depth of 0.5 m or not. If a jump occurs, determine the sequent depth to this initial depth. Also determine the energy loss in the jump. b) Explain the term hydraulic jump. Derive an expression for the downstream depth of hydraulic jump. (7M+8M) a) Define the term dimensional analysis and model analysis. b) In 1:40 model of a spillway, the velocity and discharge are 2 m/s and 2.5 m3/s. Find the corresponding velocity and discharge in the prototype. (7M+8M) a) A jet of water of 10 cm diameter is discharging under a constant head of 80 m. Find the force exerted by the jet on a fixed plate. Take coefficient of velocity as 0.9. b) Show that the force exerted by a jet of water on an inclined fixed plate in the direction of the jet is given by Fx= aV2 Sin2 , where a= Area of the jet, V= velocity of the jet and =inclination of the plate with the jet. (6M+9M) a) Explain briefly the principles on which a Kaplan turbine works. b) Explain the different types of the efficiency of a turbine

2.

3.

4.

5.

(8M+7M)

6.

Explain i) Unit speed, ii) Unit discharge, iii) Unit power of a hydraulic turbine. Derive expressions for each of them. (15M) What do you mean by manometric efficiency, mechanical efficiency and overall efficiency of centrifugal pump? (15M) a) Discuss in detail estimation of hydropower potential. b) Explain the terms i) load factor and ii) utilization factor 1 of 1

7.

8.

(9M+6M)

Code No: R22014

R10
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 HYDRAULICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY (Civil Engineering)

SET - 2

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1.

Max. Marks: 75

a) Derive the condition for the best side slope of the most economical trapezoidal channel. b) Design a concrete lined channel to carry a discharge of 500 cumecs at a slope of 1 in 4000. The side slopes of the channel may be taken as 1:1. The Mannings roughness coefficient for the lining is 0.014. Assume permissible velocity in the section as 2.5 m/s. (8M+7M) a) Show that in a rectangular open channel the critical depth is two thirds of specific energy. b) A trapezoidal channel having bottom width 8 m and side slope 1:1, carries a discharge of 86 m3/sec. Find the depth conjugate to initial depth of 0.75 m before the jump. Also determine the energy in the jump. (7M+8M) a) State Buckinghams - theorem. Why this theorem is considered superior to Rayleighs method for dimensional analysis? b) A dam 15 m long is to discharge water at the rate of 120 cumecs under a head of 3 m. Design the model, if the supply available in the laboratory is 50 l/s. (8M+7M) a) Define the terms: i) Impact of jets, and ii) Jet propulsion. b) Obtain an expression for the force exerted by a jet of water on a fixed vertical plate in the direction of the jet. (6M+9M) a) How will you classify the turbines? b) Differentiate between turbines and pumps.

2.

3.

4.

5.

(8M+7M)

6.

What do you understand by the characteristics curves of turbine? Name the important characteristics of a turbine. (15M) Define a centrifugal pump. Explain the working of a single stage centrifugal pump with neat sketches. (15M) a) Compare and contrast between hydropower station and thermal power station. b) List out twelve important hydropower plants in India.

7.

8.

(9M+6M)

1 of 1

Code No: R22014

R10
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 HYDRAULICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY (Civil Engineering)

SET - 3

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1.

Max. Marks: 75

a) A trapezoidal channel has a bed width of 5 m, side slopes of 1 upon 1.5 and Mannings n = 0.015. Compute the critical slope and the corresponding discharge for a critical depth of 2 m. b) Derive the condition for depth of flow of a most economical circular channel section subject to the condition for maximum velocity. (8M+7M) a) A rectangular channel carries a discharge of 2 m3/sec per meter width. If the loss of energy in the hydraulic jump is found to be 2.75 m, determine the conjugate depths before and after the jump. b) Explain the term hydraulic jump. Derive an expression for the downstream depth of hydraulic jump. (7M+8M) a) What do you mean by dimensionless numbers? Name any three dimensionless numbers b) A 1:50 spillway model has a discharge of 1.5 cumecs. What is the corresponding prototype discharge? If a flood phenomenon takes 6 h to occur in the prototype, how long should it take in the model. (8M+7M) a) Obtain an expression for the force exerted by a jet of water on a fixed vertical plate in the direction of the jet b) A jet of velocity of 20 m/s strikes a flat plate inclined at 30 with the axis of the jet. If the cross sectional area of the jet is 20 cm2, find the force exerted by the jet on the plate. Also calculate the components of the force in the direction normal to the jet. Find also the ratio in which the discharge gets divided after striking the plate. (9M+6M) a) A pelton wheel, working under a head of 400 m, produces 12000kW at 400 rpm. If the efficiency of the wheel is 80%, determine i) discharge of the turbine, ii) diameter of the wheel and iii) diameter of the nozzle (assume suitable data) b) With a neat sketch discuss layout of a typical hydropower installation. (7M+8M) a) How does the load variation on generator have effect on turbine in hydropower installation? What is the role of a governor? b) What are unit quantities? Define the unit quantities for turbine (8M+7M) a) Discuss in general the main operating characteristics of a centrifugal pump. What is the importance of constant efficiency curves? b) Define cavitation. What are the effects of cavitation? (8M+7M) a) Discuss in detail estimation of hydropower potential. b) Explain the terms i) load factor and ii) utilization factor 1 of 1

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

(9M+6M)

Code No: R22014

R10
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 HYDRAULICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY (Civil Engineering)

SET - 4

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1.

Max. Marks: 75

a) A trapezoidal channel has a bottom width of 6 m and side slopes of 1:1. If the depth of flow is 1.5 m at a discharge of 20 m3/sec, compute the specific energy and the critical depth. b) Explain the terms specific energy of a flowing liquid, minimum specific energy, critical depth, critical velocity and alternate depths as applied to non-uniform flow. (8M+7M) State and discuss the assumption made in the derivation of the dynamic equation for gradually varied flow. Starting from first principles derive equations for the slope of the water surface in gradually varied flow with respect to i) channel bed, ii) horizontal. (15M) a) What do you mean by fundamental units and derived units? Give examples. b) An aeroplane model of scale ratio 1:30 is tested in water, which is 50 times more viscous and 800 times more dense than the air. If the pressure drop in the model during test is 225.63 (7M+8M) N/m2, find the corresponding pressure drop in the prototype. a) Derive an expression for the force, work done, and efficiency of a moving curved vane. b) A jet of water diameter 0.12 m moving with a velocity of 30 m/s strikes a curved fixed symmetrical plate at the center. Find the force exerted by the jet of water in the direction of the jet, if the jet is deflected through an angle of 120 at the outlet of the curved plate. (9M+6M) a) A Pelton wheel turbine produces 20 MW while running at 700 rpm under an effective head of 1700 m. Calculate, i) least diameter of the jet, ii) mean diameter of the runner and iii) Number of buckets b) Explain the different types of the efficiency of a turbine (8M+7M) a) What is cavitation? How can it be avoided in reaction turbine? b) What is the basis of selection of a turbine at a particular place? a) Explain condition in which two pumps may be operated in series or in parallel. b) What is multistage pump and what are its advantages

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

(7M+8M)

7.

(8M+7M)

8.

a) What is mass curve? Explain the procedure for preparing a mass curve and also its uses. b) What area the essential stream flow data for water power studies. (8M+7M)

1 of 1

Code No: R22022

R10
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 POWER SYSTEM - I (Electrical and Electronics Engineering)

SET - 1

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~--~~~~~~~~~~ 1. Give the layout of a modern thermal power plant and explain briefly.

Max. Marks: 75

2.

a) What are the various types of radiation hazards? Explain b) Describe the fast breeder reactor with neat sketch? List out its merits.

3.

a) Explain with the help a neat block diagram, the working principle of Gas Power generation b) Draw the flow diagram of solar energy storage

4.

a) How does AC distribution differ from DC distribution? b) What is the importance of load power factor in AC distribution c) A 2-wire, DC distributor 500 m long is loaded uniformly at the rate of 0.4A/m. If the voltage drop in the distributor is not to exceed 5V, Calculate the area of cross section of each conductor required when the distributor is fed at one end. Take resistivity of a conductor material as 1.7 10-8 -m.

5.

a) Draw the layout of typical substation showing the location of all the substation equipment? Discuss them b) Explain the installation and maintenance of gas insulated substation

6.

a) Deduce an expression for insulation resistance of a single core cable in terms of specific resistance of dielectric, its core and sheath diameter b) State the classification of cables according to voltage and discuss their general construction

1 of 2

Code No: R22022

R10

SET - 1

7.

a) Define the following i) Load factor ii) Diversity factor iii) Capacity factor iv) Plant use factor b) A Power station is to fed four regions of load whose peak loads are 12, 7, 10 and 8 MW. The diversity factor at the station is 1.4 and the average annual load factor is 65%. Determine the following i) Maximum demand on the station ii) Annual energy supplied by the station and iii) Suggest the installed capacity

8.

a) Explain the various types of costs of generation b) Compare the annual cost of supplying a factor load having a maximum demand of 1MW at a load factor of 50% by energy obtained from i) Nuclear power plant and ii) Public supply Nuclear Power Plant: Capital Cost = Rs. 50,000 Cost of Fuel = Rs. 600 per 1000 kg Fuel consumption = 30 g per kwh generated Maintenance Cost etc. = Rs. 0.005 per kwh generated Wages = Rs. 20,000 per annum Interest and Depreciation = 10% Public Supply: Rs. 50 per k + Rs. 0.03 per k h generated

2 of 2

Code No: R22022

R10
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 POWER SYSTEM - I (Electrical and Electronics Engineering)

SET - 2

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1. a) What are the essential requirements of steam power station design b) Explain the function of super heater and economical in thermal power plant

Max. Marks: 75

2.

a) Explain with help of neat diagram the construction and working of a nuclear power plant b) Describe with the help of a neat sketch the construction working of a pressurized water reactor

3.

Describe with the help a neat sketch, the working of a solar power plant. What are its salient features

4.

a) Give the comparison between radial distribution and ring main distribution b) A 2-wire, DC distributor 500 m long has a uniformly distributed load of 1A/m. There are concentrated loads of 200A, 150A, 50A, and 100A at 100 m, 200 m, 300 m, and 400 m respectively from one end. The distribution resistance is 0.1/Km (go and return) if the distributor is fed at both ends at 220 V determine i) The value of minimum potential ii) The Position of minimum potential on the distributor

5.

a) Make a list of the main equipments in a substation? Explain b) State the advantages of gas insulated substation over air insulated substation

1 of 2

Code No: R22022 6.

R10

SET - 2

a) Draw the cross section of an insulated cable and explain the significance of the various layers b) The capacitance of a 3- cable are 6.3 F between the three cores bunched together and earthed sheath and 3.7 F between one core and the other two connected to earth. Determine the charging current drawn by the cable when connected a 3- , 132kV, 50Hz, supply

7.

a) What are the various methods of tariff? Explain power factor tariff. b) A consumer has a connected load of 12 lamps each of 100W at his/her premises. His/her load demand as follows: From Mid night 5 A.M ; 200W 5 A.M to 6 P.M; No Load 6 P.M to 7 P. M; 700W 7 P.M to 9 P. M; 1,000W 9 P.M to Mid night; 500W Draw the load curve and calculate the i) Energy consumption during 24 Hours, ii) Demand factor iii) Average load iv) Maximum demand and v) Load factor

8.

a) Explain the factor to be considered in fixed up the tariff b) A customer takes a consumer load of 200 kW at a p. f of 0.85 lag for 12 hours/day and 365 days/annum. Calculate the annual payment under each of the following tariffs i) Rs. 1.3/ kWh + Rs. 1000/kVA/annum ii) Rs. 1.25/kWh +Rs. 1000/kW/annum+30paise/kVArh

2 of 2

Code No: R22022

R10
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 POWER SYSTEM - I (Electrical and Electronics Engineering)

SET - 3

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1. a) Describing briefly the various methods of steam turbine governing b) Explain the function of super heater with neat diagram

Max. Marks: 75

2.

a) Enumerate and explain essential components of a nuclear reactor b) What is boiling water reactor? How does it different from pressurized water reactor

3.

What are the various types of solar energy collectors? Explain in details with neat sketches.

4.

a) Explain the design features of distribution systems b) A 2 wire, DC ring distributor is 300m long and is fed at 240V at point A. At point B, 150m from A, is loaded of 120A is taken and at C, 100m in the opposite direction, a load of 80A, is taken. If the resistance per 100m of single conductor is 0.03, find the currents in each section of distributor and voltages at points B and C.

5.

a) What are the various types of bus bar arrangements in the substion? discuss main and transfer bus bar system b) Explain the construction aspect of gas insulated substation

6.

a) Draw the cross section of a 3-core belted high voltage cable and describe its various parts b) Find the expression for electrostatic stress in a single core cable. Where does maximum stress occur and where is it minimum and why?

1 of 2

Code No: R22022

R10

SET - 3

7.

a) Explain briefly the following i) Load curve ii) Load duration curve give significances b) A power station has a maximum demand of 15MW, a load factor of 0.7, a plant capacity factor of 0. 525 and a plant use factor of 0.85. Find the following i) The daily energy produced ii) The reserve capacity of the plant iii) The maximum energy that could be produced daily if the plant operating schedule is fully loaded when in operation

8.

a) What are the factor influencing the formulation of tariff b) The data of a power station as follows Installed capacity = 200MW, Capital Cost = Rs. 350 106, rate of interest and depreciation = 20%, annual cost of fuel oil, salaries and taxation = Rs. 40 106 and load factor = 0.5. Determine the cost of generation and the cost of saving per kWh, if the annual load factor is raised to 0.6. Comment on the results

2 of 2

Code No: R22022

R10
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April 2012 POWER SYSTEM - I (Electrical and Electronics Engineering)

SET - 4

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1.

Max. Marks: 75

Describe briefly the various components in modern thermal power station with neat flow diagram.

2.

a) What do you mean by Binding Energy? What are the total binding energy and binding 12 energy per nucleon for the C 6 nucleus?
b) Describe with the help of a neat sketch, the construction working of a boiling water reactor. What are its merits and demerits?

3.

a) Draw the single line diagram of solar power generation plant? Explain operating principle? b) Briefly discuss the various components of gas power plant

4.

a) State the main types of distribution systems and compare their applications b) A single phase, ring distributor PQR is fed at P. The loads at Q and R are 50A at p.f. 0.8 lag and 80A at p.f. 0.707 lag respectively, both expressed relative to the voltage at P. The total impedance of the three sections PQ, QR and RP are (1.5 + j 1.5) , (2+j3) and (2+j1) respectively. Determine the current in each section with respect to the voltage at P.

5.

a) State the advantages of outdoor substations over indoor substations b) Explain the different types of gas insulated substations

6.

a) Describe the reasons for grading of cables b) A single core, 33kV cable has a conductor diameter of 2 cm and a sheath of inside diameter 5.3cm. The cable has an inner layer of 1cm thick of rubber of dielectric constant 4.5 and rest impregnated refer of dielectric constant 3.6. Find the maximum stresses in the rubber and in the paper 1 of 2

Code No: R22022

R10

SET - 4

7.

a) Draw the integrated load duration curve? Explain its significance b) The yearly duration curve of a certain plant can be considered as a straight line from 150MW to 40MW. Power is supplied with one generating unit of 100MW capacity and two units of 50MW capacity each. Determine i) installed capacity ii) load factor iii) plant factor iv) utilization factor

8.

a) What are the objectives and requirements of tariff b) The following data related to a power plant of 120MW capacity Capital cost = Rs. 1500/k , interest and depreciation = 10% on capital, annual running charges = Rs. 20 106, profit to be gained = 10% of the capital, the energy consumed by the power plant auxiliaries = 5% of generated, the annual load factor = 0.6, annual capacity factor = 0.5. Calculate the following i) The reserve capacity ii) The cost of generation per kwh

2 of 2

Code No: V0522

R07

SET - 1

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 COMPUTER ORGANIZATION (Com. to CSE, IT ECC) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ********* a) Determine the single error correcting code for the message code: 10110 for an odd parity system. b) How many 1s are present in the unsigned binary representation of the value of the decimal expressions: 32768 X 4 + 1024 X 8 + 32 X 16 + 32? c) If (1.001)1259 = 3.52 and (1.001)2062 = 7.85, then what is the value of: (1.001)3321? (6M+5M+5M) a) A computer has 48 bit instructions and 12 bit addresses. If there are S three address instructions, D two address instructions and V address instructions, then how many zero address instructions can be formulated? b) Write a program for the relatively simple CPU that can evaluate the arithmetic expression X = (A + B) * (C + D) by a three address, two address, one address and zero address instructions. Assume that the processor has the instructions: LOAD, STORE, MUL, ADD, MOV, PUSH, POP (8M+8M) a) What is a microinstruction? Compare horizontal and vertical microinstructions. b) What are the two methods to reduce the number of microinstructions needed by the control unit? Explain, in detail, with suitable examples. (8M+8M) a) Explain the Booths algorithm for signed number multiplication. b) What is the Booths coding in 10 bits for the decimal number: -100? c) A digital computer uses a floating point representation comprising a signed magnitude fractional mantissa and an excess-16, radix-4 exponent. What decimal number is represented by a floating point number whose exponent is 10101 and mantissa is 111000 and the sign bit set? (5M+5M+6M) a) What is a page? When do page faults occur? The address sequence generated by tracing a particular program executing in a pure demand paging system, with 100 records per page and one free main memory frame is recorded as follows: 0100, 0210, 0430, 0499, 0510, 0530, 0560, 0120, 0220, 0240, 0260, 0320, 0370, and 0360. What is the total number of pages which will not occur page faults? b) What is a segment? What is a paged segmentation? Consider the following segment table with segment number, segment length and segment base address:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

What are the physical addresses for the following logical addresses? (8M+8M) i) 0, 430 ii) 1, 14 iii) 4, 112 iv) 1, 13 v) 3, 400 vi) 2, 500

1 of 2

Code No: V0522

R07

SET - 1

6.

a) Compare device polling and daisy chaining. b) What are the salient features of RS-232? Explain. c) How many characters per second can be transmitted over an asynchronous serial transmission line (i.e. START-STOP bit scheme) at 2400 bits per second with 2 STOP bits? Each character code consists of 8-bits. (5M+5M+6M) a) Explain the Flynns classification of multiprocessor systems. b) Compare RISC and CISC processors. c) What is an arithmetic pipeline? Explain the arithmetic pipeline for floating point addition and subtraction with a neat diagram. (5M+5M+6M) a) Compare tightly coupled and loosely coupled multiprocessor systems. b) What is a multi-port memory? Explain the multi-port memory organization with a neat diagram. c) Design an 8 X 8 Omega network and derive the hardware complexity of it. (5M+5M+6M)

7.

8.

2 of 2

Code No: V0522

R07

SET - 2

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 COMPUTER ORGANIZATION (Com. to CSE, IT ECC)

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks *********

Max. Marks: 80

1. a) Determine the single error correcting code for the message code: 1001 using even parity system. b) What is the 2s complement of the number: -5/8? c) Find the value V of the expression: (789)16 + (473)8 = (V)4 (6M+5M+5M) 2. a) What is a logic micro-operation? Explain the different types of logic micro-operations. b) Assume that a CPU has only two registers R1 and R2 and only the following instruction is available: XOR Ri , R j ; R j Ri R j for i, j = 1, 2 Using the above instruction, find an instruction sequence in order to exchange the contents of the registers R1 and R2. c) What is a Write a program for the relatively simple CPU that can evaluate the arithmetic expression X = (A - B) / (C + D * E) by a three address, two address, one address and zero address instructions. Assume that the processor has the following instructions: LOAD, STORE, DIV, MUL, ADD, SUB, MOV, PUSH, POP (5M+5M+6M) 3. a) What is meant by microprogramming? Compare hard-wired control and microprogrammed control. b) A certain processor has a microinstruction format containing 10 separate control fields: C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9. Each Ci can activate any one of ni distinct C0, C1, C2, control lines, where ni is specified as follows:

What is the minimum number of control bits needed to represent the 10 control fields? (8M+8M) 4. a) What is a normalized floating point number? Give an example. b) Perform the 2s complement multiplication for the signed integer operands: (-13) * (-10) using Booths recoding scheme. c) A digital computer uses a floating point representation comprising a signed magnitude fractional mantissa and an excess-16, radix-8 exponent. What decimal number is represented by a floating point number whose exponent is 10011 and mantissa is 101000 and the sign bit set? (5M+5M+6M)

1 of 2

Code No: V0522

R07

SET - 2

5. a) What is the difference between logical address and physical address? Give an example. b) Consider a logical address space of 8 pages of 1024 words mapped onto a physical memory of 32 frames. i) How many bits are there in the logical address? ii) How many bits are there in the physical address? c) A two-level memory,M1 and M2,the access times: t A1 = 10 8 sec . and t A 2 = 10 3 sec . What must be the hit ratio, H, be in order for the for the access efficiency to be at least 65% of its maximum possible value? (4M+4M+8M) 6. a) Compare memory mapped I/O and I/O mapped I/O. b) How many characters per second can be transmitted over an asynchronous serial transmission line (i.e. START-STOP bit scheme) at 2400 bits per second with 2 STOP bits? Each character code consists of 8-bits. c) What is a daisy chaining? Explain with a neat diagram. (5M+6M+5M) 7. a) Compare arithmetic pipeline and instruction pipeline. b) A RISC instruction pipeline has four stages with propagation delays of 30ns, 25ns, 60ns and 40ns, respectively. i) What are the clock period and steady-state speedup of the pipeline? ii) If a non-pipelined CPU can process an instruction in 150ns, what is the actual steadystate speedup of the pipeline? (6M+10M) 8. a) What is a system bus? Compare synchronous bus and asynchronous bus. b) What is a cache coherence problem? What are the solutions to the cache coherence problems? c) Compare tightly coupled and loosely coupled multiprocessor systems. (5M+5M+6M)

2 of 2

Code No: V0522

R07

SET - 3

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 COMPUTER ORGANIZATION (Com. to CSE, IT ECC)

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ********* 1.

Max. Marks: 80

a) The following an 11-bit code word is received. Where, if any, has a bit been reversed during transmission according to a Hamming error correcting code scheme? Assume that the system has an even parity.

b) Find the base, b of the expression: (224) b = (13)b c) In a 16 bit computer using 2s complement representation, an integer variable has value: 215 1. If 2 is added to the value 215 1, then what is the final result? (6M+5M+5M) 2. a) What is a shift micro-operation? Explain the different types of shift micro-operations. b) A logic network has two data inputs A and B, and two control inputs C0 and C1. It implements the function, F according to the following table. Design a circuit using one 4 X 1 Multiplexer, one 2-input Exclusive-OR gate, one 2-input AND gate, one 2-input OR gate and one Inverter.

c) Registers X, Y and Z contain the values 1000, 2000 and 1000 respectively. Memory locations 1000 and 2000 contain the values 2000 and 3000 respectively. For the following instructions, each executed from the preceding initial state, what is the effect of executing each instruction? i) ADD X, (Y) ii) ADD (Z, X), X iii) SUB (Z, X), X iv) ADD #6000, (Y) (6M+5M +5M) 3. a) What are the two methods to reduce the number of microinstructions needed by the control unit? Explain, in detail, with suitable examples. b) A microinstruction has 6 control fields, each one triggering the following number of control signals. What is the fewest number of control bits required to describe all the control fields? (8M+8M)

1 of 2

Code No: V0522 4.

R07

SET - 3

a) Explain the Booths algorithm for signed number multiplication. b) What is the Booths coding in 8 bits for the decimal number: -57? c) The following binary floating point number is in the un-normalized form, and it consists of a sign bit, a fractional mantissa, an excess 64, radix 16 exponents. Find the normalized representation and its value in decimal system. (5M+5M+6M) 1 Sign bit 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 Exponent 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 Fractional Mantissa

5.

a) Compare cache memory and virtual memory. b) What is meant by locality of reference? Explain. c) In a two-level virtual memory, the access time for main memory is 0.01 sec . and the access time for the secondary memory is 0.01m sec . What must be the hit ratio such that the access efficiency is within 80% of its maximum possible value? (4M+4M+8M) a) Explain the concept of handshaking technique. b) What is an interrupt? Explain the three types of interrupts. c) What is DMA? Explain the three types of DMA transfer modes.

6.

(5M+5M +6M)

7.

a) What is an instruction pipeline? Explain, in detail, the two types of instruction pipeline conflicts with suitable examples. b) What is a vector processing? What are the applications of the vector processing? Explain in detail. (8M+8M+8M) a) Explain the different types of interconnection structures. b) Design a hypercube interconnection structure for n = 7. c) What is a cache coherence problem? What are the solutions to the cache coherence problems? (5M+5M+6M)

8.

2 of 2

Code No: V0522

R07

SET - 4

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 COMPUTER ORGANIZATION (Com. to CSE, IT ECC)

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks *********

Max. Marks: 80

1. a) Following 7-bit single error correcting Hamming coded message is received:

Determine, if the message is correct (assuming that at most 1-bit could be corrupted). If the message contains an error, find the bit which is erroneous and give the correct message. b) Consider the expression: (11A1B)8 = (12C9)16. Find the values of A and B in decimal system. c) Consider the values: A = 2.0 X 1030, B = -2.0 X 1030, C = 1.0, and the sequence: X = A + B; Y = A + C; X = X + C; Y = Y + B; executed on a computer where floating point numbers are represented with 32 bits. Find the values of X and Y? (6M+5M+5M)

2. a) A memory unit has a capacity of 65536 words of 25 bits each. The instruction is divided into four parts: an indirect mode bit, an opcode, two bits that specify a processor register and an address part. Find the number of bits in MDR, MAR, PC, and opcode, respectively. b) A logic network has two data inputs A and B, and two control inputs C0 and C1. It implements the function, F according to the following table. Design a circuit using one 4 X 1 Multiplexer, one 2-input Exclusive-OR gate, one 2-input AND gate, one 2-input OR gate and one Inverter.

c) Registers R1 and R2 of a computer contain the decimal values 12000 and 6000 respectively. What is the effective address of the memory operand in each of the following instructions? i) MOV 20 (R1), R5 ii) STORE R5, 30 (R1, R2) iii) LOAD #3000, R5 iv) ADD -(R2), R5 (6M+5M+5M)

1 of 2

Code No: V0522

R07

SET - 4

3. a) What is microprogramming? Compare hard-wired control and micro-programmed control. b) A microinstruction has 6 control fields, each one triggering the following number of control signals. What is the fewest number of control bits required to describe all the control fields? (8M+8M)

4. a) Explain the Booths algorithm for signed number multiplication. b) Perform the 2s complement multiplication for the signed integer operands: (-13) * (-10) using Booths recoding scheme. c) A digital computer uses a floating point representation comprising a signed magnitude fractional mantissa and an excess-16, radix-4 exponent. What decimal number is represented by a floating point number whose exponent is 10101 and mantissa is 111000 and the sign bit set? (5M+5M+6M) 5. a) If each address space represents one byte of storage space, then how many address lines are needed to access RAM chips arranged in a 4 X 6 array, where each chip is 8K X 4 bits? b) A computer system has a main memory and the cache memory, consisting of 1M 16bit words and 4K words respectively. The cache memory is organized in the block set associative manner with 4- blocks per set and 64 words per block. i) How many bits are required for addressing the main memory? ii) How many bits are needed to represent each of the TAG, SET and WORD field? (8M+8M) 6. a) Compare device polling and daisy chaining. b) What is an I/O processor? Explain with a neat diagram. c) What is an UART? Explain the internal configuration of UART. (5M+5M+6M) 7. a) What is a memory interleaving? Compare high-order and low-order interleaving. b) What are the salient features of RISC processors? Explain. c) What is an array processor? Explain the SIMD array processor organization. (5M+5M+6M) 8. a) Compare shared memory and multi-port memory. b) What is an inter-processor synchronization? Explain. c) Design an 8 X 8 Omega network and derive the hardware complexity of it. (5M+5M+6M)

2 of 2

Code No: T0123

R07

SET - 1

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 HYDRAULICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY (Civil Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ********* 1. a) What do you understand by i) steady and unsteady flow, ii) uniform and non-uniform flow in the case of channels? b) An irrigation channel of trapezoidal section, having side slope s 3 horizontal to 2 vertical, is to carry a flow of 10 cumec on a longitudinal slope of 1 in 5000. The channel is to be lined for which the value of friction coefficient in Mannings formula is n = 0.012. Find the dimensions of the most economic section of the channel. (6M+10M) a) A horizontal rectangular channel 4 m wide carries a discharge of 16 m3/s. Determine whether a jump may occur at an initial depth of 0.5 m or not. If a jump occurs, determine the sequent depth to this initial depth. Also determine the energy loss in the jump. b) Explain the term hydraulic jump. Derive an expression for the downstream depth of hydraulic jump. (8M+8M) a) Define the term dimensional analysis and model analysis. b) In 1:40 model of a spillway, the velocity and discharge are 2 m/s and 2.5 m3/s. Find the corresponding velocity and discharge in the prototype. (8M+8M) a) A jet of water of 10 cm diameter is discharging under a constant head of 80 m. Find the force exerted by the jet on a fixed plate. Take coefficient of velocity as 0.9. b) Show that the force exerted by a jet of water on an inclined fixed plate in the direction of the jet is given by Fx= aV2 Sin2 , where a= Area of the jet, V= velocity of the jet and =inclination of the plate with the jet. (6M+10M) a) Explain briefly the principles on which a Kaplan turbine works. b) Explain the different types of the efficiency of a turbine

2.

3.

4.

5.

(8M+8M)

6.

Explain i) Unit speed, ii) Unit discharge, iii) Unit power of a hydraulic turbine. Derive expressions for each of them. (16M) What do you mean by manometric efficiency, mechanical efficiency and overall efficiency of centrifugal pump? (16M) a) Discuss in detail estimation of hydropower potential. b) Explain the terms i) load factor and ii) utilization factor. 1 of 1

7.

8.

(10M+6M)

Code No: T0123

R07

SET - 2

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 HYDRAULICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY (Civil Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ********* 1. a) Derive the condition for the best side slope of the most economical trapezoidal channel. b) Design a concrete lined channel to carry a discharge of 500 cumecs at a slope of 1 in 4000. The side slopes of the channel may be taken as 1:1. The Mannings roughness coefficient for the lining is 0.014. Assume permissible velocity in the section as 2.5 m/s. (8M+8M) a) Show that in a rectangular open channel the critical depth is two thirds of specific energy. b) A trapezoidal channel having bottom width 8 m and side slope 1:1, carries a discharge of 86 m3/sec. Find the depth conjugate to initial depth of 0.80 m before the jump. Also determine the energy in the jump. (8M+8M) a) State Buckinghams - theorem. Why this theorem is considered superior to Rayleighs method for dimensional analysis? b) A dam 15 m long is to discharge water at the rate of 120 cumecs under a head of 3 m. Design the model, if the supply available in the laboratory is 50 l/s. (8M+8M) a) Define the terms: i) Impact of jets, and ii) Jet propulsion. b) Obtain an expression for the force exerted by a jet of water on a fixed vertical plate in the direction of the jet. (6M+10M) a) How will you classify the turbines? b) Differentiate between turbines and pumps.

2.

3.

4.

5.

(8M+8M)

6.

What do you understand by the characteristics curves of turbine? Name the important characteristics of a turbine. (16M) Define a centrifugal pump. Explain the working of a single stage centrifugal pump with neat sketches. (16M) a) Compare and contrast between hydropower station and thermal power station. b) List out twelve important hydropower plants in India. (10M+6M)

7.

8.

1 of 1

Code No: T0123

R07

SET - 3

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 HYDRAULICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY (Civil Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ********* 1. a) A trapezoidal channel has a bed width of 5 m, side slopes of 1 upon 1.5 and Mannings n = 0.015. Compute the critical slope and the corresponding discharge for a critical depth of 2 m. b) Derive the condition for depth of flow of a most economical circular channel section subject to the condition for maximum velocity. (8M+8M) a) A rectangular channel carries a discharge of 2 m3/sec per meter width. If the loss of energy in the hydraulic jump is found to be 2.80 m, determine the conjugate depths before and after the jump. b) Explain the term hydraulic jump. Derive an expression for the downstream depth of hydraulic jump. (8M+8M) a) What do you mean by dimensionless numbers? Name any three dimensionless numbers b) A 1:50 spillway model has a discharge of 1.5 cumecs. What is the corresponding prototype discharge? If a flood phenomenon takes 6 h to occur in the prototype, how long should it take in the model? (8M+8M) a) Obtain an expression for the force exerted by a jet of water on a fixed vertical plate in the direction of the jet b) A jet of velocity of 20 m/s strikes a flat plate inclined at 30 with the axis of the jet. If the cross sectional area of the jet is 20 cm2, find the force exerted by the jet on the plate. Also calculate the components of the force in the direction normal to the jet. Find also the ratio in which the discharge gets divided after striking the plate. (10M+6M) a) A pelton wheel, working under a head of 400 m, produces 12000kW at 400 rpm. If the efficiency of the wheel is 80%, determine i) discharge of the turbine, ii) diameter of the wheel and iii) diameter of the nozzle (assume suitable data) b) With a neat sketch discuss layout of a typical hydropower installation. (8M+8M) a) How does the load variation on generator have effect on turbine in hydropower installation? What is the role of a governor? b) What are unit quantities? Define the unit quantities for turbine. (8M+8M) a) Discuss in general the main operating characteristics of a centrifugal pump. What is the importance of constant efficiency curves? b) Define cavitation. What are the effects of cavitation. (8M+8M) a) Discuss in detail estimation of hydropower potential. b) Explain the terms i) load factor and ii) utilization factor. 1 of 1

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

(10M+6M)

Code No: T0123

R07

SET - 4

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 HYDRAULICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY (Civil Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ********* 1. a) A trapezoidal channel has a bottom width of 6 m and side slopes of 1:1. If the depth of flow is 1.5 m at a discharge of 20 m3/sec, compute the specific energy and the critical depth. b) Explain the terms specific energy of a flowing liquid, minimum specific energy, critical depth, critical velocity and alternate depths as applied to non-uniform flow. (8M+8M) State and discuss the assumption made in the derivation of the dynamic equation for gradually varied flow. Starting from first principles derive equations for the slope of the water surface in gradually varied flow with respect to i) channel bed, ii) horizontal. (16M) a) What do you mean by fundamental units and derived units? Give examples. b) An aeroplane model of scale ratio 1:30 is tested in water, which is 50 times more viscous and 800 times more dense than the air. If the pressure drop in the model during test is 225.63 (8M+8M) N/m2, find the corresponding pressure drop in the prototype. a) Derive an expression for the force, work done, and efficiency of a moving curved vane. b) A jet of water diameter 0.12 m moving with a velocity of 30 m/s strikes a curved fixed symmetrical plate at the center. find the force exerted by the jet of water in the direction of the jet, if the jet is deflected through an angle of 120 at the outlet of the curved plate. (10M+6M) a) A Pelton wheel turbine produces 20 MW while running at 700 rpm under an effective head of 1700 m. Calculate, i) least diameter of the jet, ii) mean diameter of the runner and iii) Number of buckets. b) Explain the different types of the efficiency of a turbine. (8M+8M) a) What is cavitation? How can it be avoided in reaction turbine? b) What is the basis of selection of a turbine at a particular place?

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

(8M+8M)

7.

a) Explain condition in which two pumps may be operated in series or in parallel. b) What is multistage pump and what are its advantages. (8M+8M) a) What is mass curve? Explain the procedure for preparing a mass curve and also its uses. b) What area the essential stream flow data for water power studies. (8M+8M)

8.

1 of 1

Code No: T0222

R07

SET - 1

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 ELECTRICAL MACHINES-II (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ********* 1. a) Discuss the principle of operation and construction of a single phase transformer. b) A single-phase transformer takes 5 A on no-load at a power factor of 0.1. The turns ratio is 2:1. If the load on the secondary is 100 A at power factor of 0.80 lagging, find the primary current and power factor. Neglect the voltage drops in the windings. a) Describe briefly various losses in a transformer and also obtain the condition for maximum efficiency. b) A 40 kVA, 6600/250 V single-phase transformer has the following parameters: R1 = 8 , R2 = 0.02 , X1 = 15 , X2 = 0.05 . Find full-load regulation at power factor. i) 0.8 lagging, ii) unity and iii) 0.8 leading. a) Discuss the advantages, disadvantages and applications of auto-transformers. Compare it with a two winding transformer. b) Two single-phase transformers rated 1000 kVA and 500 kVA have per unit leakage impedance of (0.02 + j0.06) and (0.025 + j0.08) respectively. What is the largest kVA load that can be delivered by the parallel combination of these two transformers without overloading any one? a) Explain the principle of three-phase to two-phase conversion using scott-connected transformers. b) A 3-phase, 50 Hz, transformer has a delta connected primary and star connected secondary. The line voltages are 22000 V and 400 V respectively. The secondary has a star connected balanced load at 0.8 p.f. lag, the line current in the primary 5 A. Determine the current in each coil of primary and in each secondary line. What is the output of the transformer in kW? a) Deduce the equation for rotor current of a 3-phase induction motor. What determines the value of current in the rotor conductors at stand still and under running conditions. b) In a 6-pole, three-phase, 50 Hz induction motor with star-connected rotor, the rotor resistance is 0.25 /phase, the reactance at standstill is 1.25 /phase, and an emf between the slip-rings on open-circuit is 175 V. Calculate i) slip at a speed of 900 rpm ii) rotor e.m.f per phase and iii) Rotor frequency and reactance at a speed of 900 rpm. 1 of 2 Max. Marks: 80

2.

3.

4.

5.

Code No: T0222

R07

SET - 1

6.

a) Explain the phenomenon of crawling and cogging in a 3-phase induction motor. b) A 3-phase star connected 400 V, 50 Hz, 4-pole induction motor has the following parameters as referred to stator r1 = 0.15 , x1 = 0.45 , = 0.12 , = 0.45 , Xm = 28.5 . Neglecting core loss resistance, find stator current, p.f. at rated voltage with s = 0.04.

7.

A 415 V, 29.84 kW, 50 Hz, delta connected motor gave following test data. No load test: 415 V, 21 A, 1250 W Blocked rotor test: 100 V, 45 A, 2730 W Construct circle diagram and determine i) Line current and power factor for rated output ii) Maximum torque (assume stator and rotor copper loss equal at stand still) a) Explain speed control of Induction motor by injection of e.m.f in to rotor circuit. b) What is induction generator? Discuss its principle of operation.

8.

2 of 2

Code No: T0222

R07

SET - 2

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 ELECTRICAL MACHINES-II (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ********* a) Draw and explain the phasor diagram of a transformer when operating on load. b) A single phase transformer has 400: 1000 turns ratio. The net cross- sectional area of the core is 60 cm2. The primary winding is connected to 50 Hz supply & 500 V. Calculate the peak value of ux density in the core. The voltage induced in the secondary winding. a) What losses are present in a transformer? Write an expression for efficiency and develop the condition for maximum efficiency. b) A single-phase transformer is rated at 100 kVA, 5000/250 V. The full-load copper losses are 2000 W and iron losses are 1200 W. Find efficiency at i) full-load unity p.f., ii) full-load 0.8 p.f. lagging, iii) half-load 0.8 p.f. lagging. a) What is the effect of unequal X/R ratio and unequal voltage ratio on the parallel operation of two transformers? b) Obtain the equivalent circuit of 200/400 V, 4 kVA, 50 Hz, single-phase transformer from the following tests data: OC test: 200 V, 0.7 A, 70 W on L.V side SC test: 15 V, 10 A, 85 W on H.V side a) Why are tap-changing transformers required? Explain the operation of off load tap changing transformer. b) Discuss various possible three-phase transformer connections with connection diagrams. a) Discuss the production of starting torque through the concept of interaction of flux and mmf waves in a 3-phase slip-ring induction motor. Hence show that the rotor is forced to rotate in the direction of rotating flux wave. b) A 3-phase, 50 Hz, 4-pole, 400 V induction motor has a delta connected stator winding and star connected rotor winding. The stator winding has 240 conductors per phase and the rotor winding has 48 conductors per phase. The breadth factor is 0.95 and pitch factor is 1 for each winding. The rotor resistance and stand still reactance are 0.02 /phase and 0.08 /phase. Neglect stator impedance. Find i) flux per pole, ii) rotor e.m.f per phase at standstill, iii) rotor current and power factor at standstill with slip rings short circuited, iv) rotor e.m.f per phase at 4% slip.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

1 of 2

Code No: T0222

R07

SET - 2

6.

a) Derive the equation for torque developed by an induction motor. Draw a typical torqueslip curve and deduce the condition for maximum torque. b) The rotor of a 4-pole, 50 Hz slip-ring induction motor has a resistance of 0.25 per phase and runs at 1440 r.p.m at full load. Calculate the external resistance per phase to be added to lower the speed to 1200 r.p.m., the torque being the same as before. Discuss the procedure of no-load and blocked rotor test on a 3-phase induction motor. How are the parameters of equivalent circuit determined from test results? a) Explain the principle of operation of induction generator. b) Explain Cascaded connection method of speed control of Induction motor.

7.

8.

2 of 2

Code No: T0222

R07

SET - 3

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 ELECTRICAL MACHINES-II (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ********* a) Explain the principle of operation of a transformer and derive its e.m.f equation. b) A 3000/200 V, 50 Hz single phase transformer is built on a core having an effective cross-section area of 150 cm2 and has 80 turns in low voltage winding. Calculate the value of maximum flux density in the core and number of turns in high-voltage winding. a) Starting from first principles develop the equivalent circuit of a transformer. b) A 20 kVA, 2500/500 V, single-phase transformer has the following parameters: H.V winding resistance = 8 , H.V winding leakage impedance = 17 . L.V winding resistance = 0.3 , L.V winding leakage impedance = 0.7 . Find the voltage regulation and the secondary terminal voltage at full load for a p.f of i) 0.8 lagging and ii) 0.8 leading The primary voltage is held constant at 2500 V. a) Explain the operation of an Auto-transformer and draw its equivalent circuit. b) A 500 kVA transformer with 0.01+j0.05 pu impedance and a 250 kVA transformer with 0.015+j0.04 pu impedance are operated in parallel. The no-load secondary voltages of the two are equal. How will they share a 750 kVA, 0.8 lagging power factor load? a) Draw the connection diagrams and explain the features of Y-Y, Y-, -Y and - threephase connections. b) Explain the operation of on load tap changing transformer. a) Discuss the principle of operation of Induction motor and show that it develops torque at all speeds except synchronous speed. b) The power input to rotor of a 440 V, 50 Hz, 6-pole, three-phase induction motor is 100 kW. The rotor emf is observed to make 120 cycles per minute. Calculate i) slip, ii) rotor speed, iii) mechanical power developed iv) speed of stator field with respect to rotor. a) Discuss the working of double cage induction motor. b) The power input to the rotor of a 3-phase, 50 Hz, 6-pole induction motor is 80 kW. The rotor emf makes 100 complete alternations per minute. Find (a) slip, (b) motor speed, (c) mechanical power developed, (d) rotor copper loss per phase, (e) rotor resistance per phase if rotor current is 65 A, (f) torque developed.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

1 of 2

Code No: T0222 7.

R07

SET - 3

a) Explain Star-delta starter method for starting of Induction motor with neat sketch. b) A 33.5 kW, 4-pole, 440 V, 3-phase, 50 Hz mesh connected induction motor gave the following line values on test: No load: 440 V, 22 A, 1500 W Blocked rotor test: 220 V, 140 A, 1200 W. Find parameter of the approximate equivalent circuit. a) Explain cascade arrangement for controlling speed of three-phase induction motor. b) Describe the basic principle of induction motor speed control by changing stator input voltage frequency.

8.

2 of 2

Code No: T0222

R07

SET - 4

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 ELECTRICAL MACHINES-II (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ********* a) Discuss about the constructional details of core and shell type transformers. b) A transformer with a 10:1 turn ratio is rated at 100 kVA, 2400/240 V, 50 Hz. The low tension voltage is to be kept at 240 V. i) Find the load impedance on 240 V side for full-load conditions. ii) What is the value of its load impedance referred to high voltage side? iii) High voltage side current for full-load condition. Neglect no load current. a) What is voltage regulation? Develop an expression for calculating the voltage regulation of a two-winding transformer. b) A 100 kVA distribution transformer is supplying the following loads: (i) 80 kW at 0.8 p.f. for 8 hours, (ii) 40 kW at unity p.f. for 6 hours and (iii) no-load for the remaining 10 hours of the day. Find all day efficiency if full-load copper losses are 2 kW and iron losses are 1 kW. a) Discuss the procedure for conducting OC and SC tests on a single phase transformer. b) A 1000/200 V, 5 kVA single-phase transformer gave the following test results: Open-circuit test (l.v.side) : 200 V, 1.2 A, 90 W Short-circuit test (h.v.side) : 50 V, 5 A, 110 W Compute the parameters of the approximate equivalent circuit referred to l.v.side. a) What are three winding transformers? How this transformer be represented by an equivalent circuit. b) A 3-phase step down transformer is connected to 6600 V on the primary side. The ratio of turns per phase is 12 and the line current drawn from mains is 20 A. Find secondary line voltage, line current and output if the transformer is (i) star-delta and (ii) delta-star. Neglect losses. a) Discuss the constructional features of both squirrel-cage induction motor and slip-ring induction motor. b) A 4-pole, three-phase induction motor operates from a supply whose frequency is 50 Hz. Calculate i) the speed at which the magnetic field of the stator is rotating ii) the speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.02 iii) the frequency of rotor currents when the slip is 0.04 iv) the frequency of the rotor currents at standstill.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

1 of 2

Code No: T0222

R07

SET - 4

6.

a) Draw the torque-speed characteristic of an induction motor and show that the maximum internal torque developed does not depend on the rotor circuit resistance. b) The cages of a double cage induction motor have standstill impedance of (3.5 +j1.5) and (0.6+j 7.0) respectively. The full load slip is 6 %. Find the starting torque at normal voltage in terms of the full-load torque. Neglect the stator impedance and the magnetizing current. a) A three-phase squirrel cage induction motor has maximum torque equal to twice the fullload torque. Determine the ratio of motor starting torque to its full-load torque, if it is started by (i) direct-on-line starter (ii) star-delta starter and (iii) auto-transformer starter with 60% tapping. b) Explain the procedure for drawing circle diagram of an induction motor. What information can be obtained from the circle diagram? Write short notes on i) Induction generator ii) Cascaded connection for speed control of induction motor.

7.

8.

2 of 2

Code No: T0321

R07

SET - 1

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 FLUID MECHANICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY (Mechanical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ********* a) Discuss the influence of the following fluid properties on fluid motion i) Viscosity ii) Specific gravity iii) Surface tension iv) Bulk modulus b) If the surface tension at air water interface is 0.073 N/m, what is the pressure difference between inside and outside of an air bubble of diameter 0.01 mm? (10M+6M) a) What are the criteria to distinguish laminar flow from turbulent flow? b) Determine whether the following velocity components satisfy the continuity equation. i) u = cx, v = -cy ii) u = -cx/y , v = c log xy (6M+10M) a) Describe the Reynolds experiment with the help of a neat sketch. b) Two reservoirs with a difference in water surface elevations of 10 m are connected by a pipe line ABC which consists of two pipes of AB and BC joined in series. Pipe AB is 10cm in diameter, 20m long and has a value of f =0.02. Pipe BC is of 16cm diameter, 26M long and has f = 0.018. The junctions with the reservoirs and between the pipes are abrupt. Calculate the discharge considering all minor losses. (6M+10M) a) A nozzle of size 10 cm diameter issues a jet of water with a velocity of 50m/sec. The jet strikes a moving flat plate perpendicularly at the centre. The plate is moving with a velocity of 16M/sec in the direction of the jet. Calculate i) The force exerted on the plate ii) The work done iii) Efficiency of the jet b) Derive the equation for the impact of jet striking a moving inclined plate in the direction of the jet (8M+8M) a) What are the different heads and efficiencies associated with hydroelectric power plants? b) Differentiate between impulse turbine and reaction turbine with examples (8M+8M) a) What is draft tube? Why is it a part of reaction turbines? (8M+8M) b) Explain the phenomenon of water hammer. What is a surge tank? Where is it located in a power plant? a) What are the types of similarities between a prototype and a model? (8M+8M) b) A hydraulic turbine develops 8000 KW under a head of 30 m at 250 rpm. What is the specific speed of the turbine? What would be the speed and power under a head of 18m? a) What are the performance characteristics of centrifugal pumps? (6M+10M) b) How many impellers are required in a multistage pump to lift 5000 litres/minute against a head of 200m, at a speed of 800 rpm. The specific speed of the impeller is not to exceed 700. 1 of 1

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Code No: T0321

R07

SET - 2 1

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 FLUID MECHANICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY (Mechanical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ********* 1. a) How do you define mass density and specific weight of a fluid? What is specific gravity? b) A cylindrical shaft of 90mm diameter rotates about a vertical axis inside a fixed cylindrical tube of length 50 cm and 95 mm internal diameter. If the space between the tube and the shaft is filled by a lubricant of dynamic viscosity 2.0 pose, determine the power required to overcome viscous resistance when the shaft is rotated at a speed of 240 rpm. (6M+10M) a) Describe stream line and stream tube with the help of neat sketches. (10M+6M) b) For steady incompressible flow verify whether the following values of u and v are possible. i) u = 4xy + y2 , v = 6xy + 3x ii) u = 2x2 + y2 , v = - 4xy iii) u = -x/(x2 + y2) , v = -y/(x2 + y2) a) List out the minor losses in closed conduit flow and discuss their significance (6M+10M) b) A 6 cm diameter pipe has a discharge of 450 l/min. At a section the pipe has a sudden expansion to a size of 9 cm diameter. If the pressure just upstream of the expansion is 20 KN/ m2, calculate the pressure just after the expansion. Assume the pipe to be horizontal. a) A jet of oil of specific gravity strikes a fixed curved symmetrical plate at its center and leaves at the outlet tips. The diameter of the jet is 62 mm and the velocity of the jet is 45 m/sec. If the jet is deflected by 100 degrees, calculate the force exerted on the curved plate. (8M+8M) b) How do estimate the impact of a jet striking a moving normal plate in the direction of the jet a) What is a mass curve? What are its uses? (6M+10M) b) Discuss the classification of turbines with neat sketches. Specify the features and advantages of different types. a) Explain the working of a Kaplan turbine with neat sketches. (6M+10M) b)What is a draft tube ? What are its types? Explain its use and derive the equation for its efficiency. a) What are different unit quantities? Derive the equations (8M+8M) b) A reaction turbine develops 7000 KW under a head of 46M with a speed of 150 rpm. What is the specific speed of the turbine? What will be the power and speed when the turbine works under a head of 20m. a) What is indicator diagram of a reciprocating pump? Explain the working of a reciprocating pump with a neat sketch. b) Determine the number of the impellers required for a multistage centrifugal pump to deliver 3000 litres per minute to a height of 200m at a speed of 800 rpm. The specific speed value is not to exceed 600. (8M+8M) 1 of 1

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Code No: T0321

R07

SET - 3 1

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 FLUID MECHANICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY (Mechanical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ********* a) Define and discuss the following fluid properties (8M+8M) i) Specific gravity ii) Viscosity iii) Surface tension iv) Vapour pressure b) The velocity distribution in a viscous flow over a plate is given by u = 4y y2 for y 2m where u = velocity in m/sec at a point distant y from the plate. If the coefficient of dynamic viscosity is 1.5 Pa.s determine the shear stress at y = 0 and at y= 2.0m a) Explain how the fluid flows are classified? Explain the sketches where necessary. (8M+8M) b) Find the equation of stream line passing through (2,2) for the fluid flow V = -y2i 6xj a) Differentiate between major loss and minor losses. List and discuss the minor losses b) A reservoir discharges water into the atmosphere through a compound horizontal pipe line ABC. The compound pipe consists of two pipes as noted below. A is junction point with the reservoir. AB : Diameter = 10cm , length =26M, f = 0.02 BC : Diameter = 12cm , length = 36M, f = 0.02 The water level in the tank is 10m above the centre line of the pipe. Calculate the discharge considering all the minor losses. (8M+8M) a) A jet of water of diameter 40 mm moving with a velocity of 30m/sec strikes a curved fixed symmetrical plate at the center. Find the force exerted by the water on the plate, if the jet is deflected through an angle of 120 degrees at the outlet of the curved plate. b) Derive the equation for impact of jet striking a curved plate at one tip and leaving at the other tip, when the plate is stationary (8M+8M) a) What are the types of hydroelectric power plants? Explain in detail b) What are the criteria on which the turbines are classified?

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

(8M+8M)

6.

a) What is the type of Francis turbine? Explain its working with neat sketches. (6M+10M) b) Discuss the significance and uses of the draft tubes? Derive the equation for the efficiency of a draft tube. How are they classified? a) What is specific speed? What are its uses? (6M+10M) b) Why is governing of turbine required? Discuss how the turbines are governed with neat sketches. a) What is the principle of working of a reciprocating pump? Explain the working of reciprocating pump with neat sketches. b) Water is to be pumped to a height of 90m. The pumps that run at a speed of 1000 rpm with rated capacity of 200 litres per second are available. How many pumps are required to pump the water if specific speed is 800? (8M+8M) 1 of 1

7.

8.

Code No: T0321

R07

SET - 4 1

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 FLUID MECHANICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY (Mechanical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ********* a) List out the physical properties of fluids. Define them and write their units b) The space between two parallel plates kept 3mm apart is filled with an oil of dynamic viscosity 0.2 Pa-s. What is the shear stress on the lower fixed plate, if the upper one is moved with a velocity of 1.50m/sec? (8M+8M) a) Define and explain stream line, path line and streak line in fluid mechanics. b) For the following flow find the equation of the streamline passing through (1.1) V = 3xi 3yj

1.

2.

(8M+8M)

3.

a) Derive the Darcy Weisbach equation. b) Two reservoirs are connected by a pipe line ABC which consists of two pipes of AB and BC joined in series. Pipe AB is 10cm in diameter, 20m long and has a value of f = 0.02. Pipe BC is of 16cm diameter, 26M long and has f = 0.018. The junctions with the reservoirs and between the pipes are abrupt. What difference in water levels shall exist to maintain a discharge of 15 l/sec? (6M+10M) a) A jet of water strikes with a velocity of 50 m/sec a flat fixed plate inclined at 30 degrees with the axis of the jet. The cross sectional area of the jet is 100 cm2. Find the force exerted by the jet on the plate and the ratio in which the jet gets divided after striking. b) Derive the equation for the impact of jet striking a curved plate at the centre when the plate is stationary. (8M+8M) a) What are the elements of hydroelectric power stations? Explain them in detail b) What is a mass curve? What is its use? Explain with neat sketches

4.

5.

(8M+8M)

6.

a) Explain the working of a Pelton wheel with neat sketches? b) A Francis turbine works under a head of 8.5 m at a speed of 300 rpm. A power of 100 KW is developed with a discharge of 3 m3/sec. The runner diameter is 2.2 m. Find the speed, discharge and power if the head is increased to 18m. (8M+8M) a) How do you achieve the governing of turbines? Explain with neat sketches. b) Discuss the different characteristic curves of turbines?

7.

(8M+8M)

8.

a) What is a centrifugal pump? How are the centrifugal pumps classified? b) A fluid is to be lifted against a head of 120m. The pumps that run at a speed of 1200 rpm with rated capacity of 300 litres per second are available. How many pumps are required to pump the water if specific speed is 700? (8M+8M) 1 of 1

Code No: V0424

R07

SET - 1

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 ELECTRO MAGNETIC WAVES AND TRANSMISSION LINES (Electronics and Communications Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ******** 1. a) What are equi-potential surfaces? Give two examples of these. b) A line charge L=400pC/m lies along the axis. The surface of zero potential passes through the point(0,5,12)cm. Find the potential at point (2,3,-4)m. (8M+8M) 2. a) State and explain Biot-Savarts law relating the magnetic field produced at a point due to the current in a small elemental wire. b) A thin ring of radius 5cm is placed on plane z=1 cm so that its center is at (0,0,1)cm. If the ring carries 50mA along a , find H at i) (0,0,-1)cm ii) (0,0,10)cm. (8M+8M) a) What is the Faradays law of induction? Explain the significance of the terms transformer emf and generator emf. b) In a medium of = 50,=2.50, resistivity =0.2 -m and E = 20V/m, find the conduction current density. If this current density exists in a cylindrical rod of 2 cm diameter, evaluate the current that can flow through the rod. (8M+8M) a) Derive wave equation for source free regions. b) The electric field in free space is given by E=20 cos (108t+x)ay V/m i) Find the direction of propagation ii) Calculate and the time it takes to travel a distance of /2 iii) Sketch the wave at t=0, T/4 and T/2

3.

4.

(8M+8M)

5.

a) Define surface impedance and explain how it exists. b) Derive expression for reflection and transmission coefficients of an EM wave when it is incident normally on a dielectric. (8M+8M) a) Assuming z-direction of propagation in a parallel plane wave guide, determine the expressions for the transverse field components in terms of partial derivation of EZ and HZ. b) Account for the presence of TE, TM and TEM waves in parallel plane wave guides and explain their significance. (8M+8M) a) Using the general line equations, obtain an expression for the input impedance of a line. b) A lossless transmission line has a capacitance of 50 pF/m and an inductance of 200nH/m. Find the characteristics impedance for sections of a line 10m long and 500m long. (8M+8M) a) Derive the expression for the voltage standing wave ratio from the transmission line theory. b) A 60 lossless line is connected to a source with 10v, Zg=50-j40, and terminated with a load of j40. If the line is 100m long and =0.25rad/m, calculate Zin and voltage at i) the sending end ii) the receiving end iii) 4m from the load end iv) 3m from the source. (8M+8M)

6.

7.

8.

1 of 1

Code No: V0424

R07

SET - 2

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 ELECTRO MAGNETIC WAVES AND TRANSMISSION LINES (Electronics and Communications Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ******** 1. a) Using Gausss law derive expression for electric field intensity and electric flux density due to an infinite sheet of charge density C/cm b) A parallel plate capacitor has 250side plates of square shape separated by 5mm distance. A sulphur slab of 6mm thickness with r = 4 is kept on the lower plate find the capacitance of the set-up. If a voltage of 50volts is applied across the capacitor, calculate the voltage at both the regions of the capacitor between the plates. (8M+8M) a) The magnetic vector potential of a current distribution in free space is given by A=15e- sin az Wb/m. Find H at (3, / 4,10). Also find the flux through = 5, 0 , 2 0 z 10. (8M+8M) b) Derive an expression for magnetic vector potential A for surface currents.
a) Describe the concept of displacement current with suitable example and derive the Maxwells equation which incorporates the displacement current. b) A conducting circular loop of radius 20 cm lies in the z=0 plane in a magnetic filed B =10 cos 377t az mWb/m2. Calculate the induced voltage in the loop. (8M+8M) a) Define uniform plane wave. Prove that uniform plane wave does not have field components in the direction of propagation. b) If r = 9, = 0 , for the medium in which a wave with a frequency of f= 0.3GHz is propagating , determine the propagation constant and intrinsic impedance of the medium when = 0. (8M+8M) A y-polarized uniform plane wave with fields (Ei,Hi) and a frequency of 80MHz propagates in air in the +x direction and impinges normally on a perfectly conducting plane at x= 0. Assuming the amplitude of Ei to be 12mV/m, write the phasor and instantaneous expressions for a) Ei and Hi of the incident wave, b) Er and Hr of the reflected wave and c) ET and HT of the total wave in air, and d) Determine the location nearest to the conducting plane, Where ET and HT are zero. (16M)

2.

3.

4.

5.

1 of 2

Code No: V0424

R07

SET - 2

6.

a) Define and derive the equations for phase and group velocities in a parallel plane guide. On what factors do they depend? b) A parallel plate wave guide made of two perfectly conducting infinite planes spaced 3cm apart in air operates at a frequency of 10GHz. Find the maximum time average power that (8M+8M) can be propagated per unit width of the guide for TE10 and TM10 modes. a) Explain about the propagation constant in transmission lines. b) Explain the conditions which are used for minimum attenuation in transmission lines. c) What is loading? Explain different types of loading in transmission lines. (4M+4M+8M) a) Describe all the characteristics of UHF lines? b) Explain the significance and design of single stub impedance matching. Discuss the factors on which stub length depends. (6M+10M)

7.

8.

2 of 2

Code No: V0424

R07

SET - 3

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 ELECTRO MAGNETIC WAVES AND TRANSMISSION LINES (Electronics and Communications Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ******** 1. a) Define Gauss law. Apply Gauss law to derive the boundary conditions at a conductordielectric interface. b) Derive an expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor containing two dielectrics with the dielectric interface parallel to the conducting plates. (8M+8M)
2. a) Show that the magnetic field due a finite current element along z-axis at a point P, r . Where I is the distance away along y-axis is given by H = (1 / 2 r )(Sin 1 Sin 2 ) a current through the conductor, 1, 2 are the angles made by the tips of the conductor element at P b) State Amperes circuital law. Specify the conditions to be met for determining magnetic field strength H, based on Amperes circuital law. (6M+10M) a) Derive Maxwells equations in integral form and differential form for time varying fields. b) Explain how the concept of displacement current was introduced by Maxwell to account for the production of magnetic field in the empty space. (8M+8M) a) For a conducting medium derive expressions for and . b) Determine the phase velocity of propagation, attenuation constant, phase constant and intrinsic impedance for a forward travelling wave in a large block of copper at 1 MHz ( = 5.8 x 107, r =1, r =1). Determine the distance that the wave must travel to be attenuated by a factor of 100(40db). (8M+8M) Prove that under the condition of no reflection at an interface, the sum of the Brewster angle and the angle of refraction is 90 degrees for parallel polarization for the case of reflection by a perfect conductor under oblique incidence, with neat sketches. (16M) a) Explain about attenuation in parallel-plate wave guides. Also draw attenuation versus frequency characteristics of wave guided between parallel conducting plates. b) Explain the significance of TEM wave in a parallel plane guide, and derive an expression for the attenuation factor for TEM waves. (8M+8M) a) Define characteristic impedance and propagation constants of transmission line and obtain lossless conditions. b) A distortion less line of 80 has = 50 KHz to a load of 140. The load power is 80mW. Calculate i) Voltage reflection coefficient ii) VSWR iii) Position of VMax, Imin,Vmin and Imin (8M+8M) a) Define the reflection coefficient and derive the expression for i/p impedance in terms of reflection coefficient. b) Explain how the i/p impedance varies with the frequency with sketches. (8M+8M)

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

1 of 1

Code No: V0424

R07

SET - 4

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 ELECTRO MAGNETIC WAVES AND TRANSMISSION LINES (Electronics and Communications Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ******** 1. a) State Coulombs law of force between any two point charges, and indicate the units of the quantities in the force equation. b) A point charge Q1 =10C is located at P(1,2,3) in free space, while Q2=5C is at P2(1,2,10). i) Find the vector force exerted on Q2 by Q1. ii) Find the coordinates of P3 at which a point charge Q3 experience no force. (8M+8M)
2. a) Derive equation of continuity for static magnetic fields. b) Derive an expression for magnetic field strength H, due to a current carrying conductor of finite length placed on Y-axis at point P in the X-Z plane and r distance from the origin. Hence deduce the expression for H due to semi-finite length of the conductor. (6M+10M) a) What is the continuity equation? Derive it from the basics and describe all its forms. b) In a material for which = 5.0(m)-1 and r = 1, the electric field intensity is E= 250 sin 1010 t V/m. Find the conduction and displacement current densities and the frequency at which they have equal magnitudes. (8M+8M) a) Derive wave equation for a conducting medium. b) A plane wave is propagating in a medium having the properties r = 4, r = 36, = 1 s / m the E =100e-az cos(109t-z) ax V/m, determine associated magnetic field. (8M+8M) a) Show that in a good conductor, the skin depth is always much shorter than the wave length. b) An EM wave travelling in air is incident normally on a boundary between air and a dielectric having permeability same as free space and permittivity as 4. Prove that one-ninth of the incident power is reflected and eight-ninths of it is transmitted into the second medium. (8M+8M) a) Explain and sketch the nature of variations of attenuation with frequency in a parallel plate wave guide for TE, TM and TEM waves. b) When a wave of 6GHz is to be propagated between two parallel conducting plates separated by 60mm, find the modes that will propagate through the guide. (8M+8M) a) What are the different types of losses in transmission lines? b) A co-axial cable has following parameters Z0 =50 ohms, L= 20KM if the power input is 1 watt and the attenuation constant is 1.5dB/km. Find the output power of the cable provided it is terminated by Z0. Also determine the output current. (8M+8M) a) Explain clearly why the short circuited stub are preferred over to open circuited stubs? b) Derive the expression for the input impedance of a loss-less line. Hence evaluate ZOC and ZOC and sketch their variation with line length. (6M+10M) 2 of 2

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Code No: V0404/R05

Set No. 1

II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES AND TRANSMISSION LINES ( Common to Electronics & Communication Engineering and Electronics & Telematics) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) State and Prove Gausss law. List the limitations of Gausss law. (b) Derive an expression for the electric eld strength due to a circular ring of radius a and uniform charge density, L C/m, using Gausss law. Obtain the value of height h along z-axis at which the net electric eld becomes zero. Assume the ring to be placed in x-y plane. (c) Dene Electric potential. [6+8+2]

2. (a) Obtain an expression for dierential magnetic eld strength dH due to dierential current element I dl at the origin in the positive Z- direction. (b) Find the magnetic eld strength, H at the centre of a square conducting loop of side 2a in Z=0 plane if the loop is carrying a current , I, in anti clock wise direction. [6+10] 3. (a) What is the inconsistency of Amperes law? (b) A circular loop conductor of radius 0.1m lies in the z=0plane and has a resistance of 5 given B=0.20 sin 103 t az T. Determine the current [8+8] 4. (a) For good dielectrics derive the expressions for , , and . (b) Find , , and . for Ferrite at 10GHz r = 9, r = 4, = 10ms/m. [8+8] 5. (a) Dene Complex Poynting vector and explain how to obtain an average power. (b) A plane wave of frequency 2MHz is incident upon a copper conductor normally. The wave has an electric eld amplitude of E= 2mV/m. The copper has r = 1, r = 1 and = 5.8 107 mho/m. Find out average power density absorbed by the copper. [8+8] 6. (a) Account for the presence of TE, TM and TEM waves in parallel plane wave guides and explain their signicance. (b) Discuss the nature of variation of wave impedances for TE, TM and TEM waves with frequency in a parallel plane wave guide. [8+8] 7. (a) A transmission line of length 70 meters is terminated in an impedance of ZR = 125 + j 48.If the frequency is 3 MHz and the characteristic impedance is 230 , nd the sending end impedance using Smith chart, explaining the procedure.

1 of 2

Code No: V0404/R05

Set No. 1

(b) What is meant by inductive loading? With the help of suitable expressions explain the advantages of loading and also discuss the disadvantages. [10+6] 8. (a) Explain the signicance and Utility of /8, /4, and /2 Line. (b) A low transmission line of 100 characteristic impedance is connected to a load of 400 . Calculate the reection coecient and standing wave ratio. Derive the Relationships used. [8+8]

2 of 2

Code No: V0404/R05

Set No. 2

II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES AND TRANSMISSION LINES ( Common to Electronics & Communication Engineering and Electronics & Telematics) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) State and prove Gausss law. Express Gausss law in both integral and dierential forms. (b) Discuss the salient features and limitations of Gausss law . (c) Derive Poissons and Laplaces equations starting from Gausss law. [6+4+6] 2. (a) State Biot- Savart law (b) Derive an expression for magnetic eld strength, H, due to a nite lamentary conductor carrying a curent I and placed along Z- axis at a point P on yaxis. Hence deduce the magnetic eld strength for the length of the conductor extending from - to + . [4+12] 3. (a) Write down the Maxwells equations for Harmonically varying elds. (b) A certain material has = 0and R = 1if H = 4sin(106 t 0.01z )ay A/m. make use of Maxwells equations to nd r [8+8] 4. (a) Obtain the relation between E and H in a uniform plane wave. (b) A Uniform plane wave propagating in a medium has E = 2ez sin(108 t z )ay v/m. If the medium is characterized by r = 1, r = 20and = 3mho/m. f ind , , and H [8+8] 5. For an incident wave under oblique incident from medium of 1 to medium of 2 with parallel polarization (a) Dene and establish the relations for the critical angle C and Brewster angle Br for non-magnetic media with neat sketches. (b) Plot C and Br versus the ratio of 1 /2 [8+8]

6. (a) Explain about attenuation in parallel-plate wave guides. Also draw attenuation versus frequency characteristics of waves guided between parallel conducting plates. (b) A parallel plate wave guide made of two perfectly conducting innite planes spaced 3 cm apart in air operates at a frequency of 10 GHz. Find the maximum time average power that can be propagated per unit width of the guide for T E1 andT M1 modes. [8+8] 7. (a) Dene characteristic impedance and propagation constants of transmission lines and obtain lossless conditions. 1 of 2

Code No: V0404/R05

Set No. 2

(b) A lossless transmission line of length 100m has an inductance of 28 H and capacitance of 20 nF. Find out. i. propagation velocity ii. phase constant at an operating frequency of 100 KHz iii. characteristic impedance of the line. [8+8]

8. (a) Derive a relation between reection coecient and characteristic impedance. (b) Determine the reection coecients When i. ZL = Z0 ii. ZL = shortcircuit iii. ZL = open circuit Also nd out the magnitude of reection coecient When ZL is purely reactive . [8+8]

2 of 2

Code No: V0404/R05

Set No. 3

II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES AND TRANSMISSION LINES ( Common to Electronics & Communication Engineering and Electronics & Telematics) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) Derive an expression for the electric eld intensity due to a nite length line charge along the z-axis at an arbitrary point Q(x, y, z). (b) Find the force on a 100C charge at (0, 0, 3)m if four like charges of 20C are located on x and y axes at 4m. [8+8] 2. (a) Derive equation of continuity for static magnetic elds. (b) Derive an expression for magnetic eld strength, H, due to a current carrying conductor of nite length placed along the y- axis, at a point P in x-z plane and r distant from the origin. Hence deduce expressions for H due to semiinnite length of the conductor. [6+10] 3. In a region 1 z < 0, 1 = 2X 1011 F/m, 1 = 2X 106 H/m and 1 = 4X 103 1 , 2 = 21 and2 = 1 /4. It is known that E1 = s/m, the region 2Z > 0, 2 = 2 9 (30ax + 20ay + 10az )cos10 t V/m at p(0,0,0) (a) Find EN1 , ET1 , DN, and Dt1 at P1 (0, 0, 0 ) (b) Find JN1 , and Jt1 at P1 (0, 0, 0) (c) Find Et2 , Dt2 and Jt2 at P2 (0, 0, 0+ ) 4. (a) For good dielectrics derive the expressions for , , and . (b) Find , , and . for Ferrite at 10GHz r = 9, r = 4, = 10ms/m. [8+8] 5. Write short notes on the following (a) Surface Impedance (b) Brewster angle (c) Total Internal Reection [5+5+6] [5+5+6]

6. (a) Explain about attenuation in parallel-plate wave guides. Also draw attenuation versus frequency characteristics of waves guided between parallel conducting plates. (b) A parallel plate wave guide made of two perfectly conducting innite planes spaced 3 cm apart in air operates at a frequency of 10 GHz. Find the maximum time average power that can be propagated per unit width of the guide for T E1 andT M1 modes. [8+8] 7. (a) List out types of transmission lines and draw their schematic diagrams. 1 of 2

Code No: V0404/R05

Set No. 3

(b) Draw the directions of electric and magnetic elds in parallel plate and coaxial lines. (c) A transmission lines in which no distortion is present has the following parameters Z0 = 50, = 20mNP/m. = 0.60 . Determine R, L, G, C and wavelength at 0.2 GHz [4+4+8] 8. (a) In uniform line there exists, in general two traveling waves . Explain how the Superposition of the two waves produces standing waves of voltage and current in a short circuit transmission line. (b) An open wire unloaded line, 75 km is operated at a frequency of 1000 Hz. The open circuit Impedance if found to be 330, 300 and short circuit impedance is 540, 70 . Calculate the parameters of line. [8+8]

2 of 2

Code No: V0404/R05

Set No. 4

II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES AND TRANSMISSION LINES ( Common to Electronics & Communication Engineering and Electronics & Telematics) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) State and explain Coulombs law. Obtain an expression in vector form. (b) Two uniform line charges of density 8nC/m are located in a plane with y = 0 at x = 4m. nd the E- eld at a point P(0m, 4m, 10m) [6+10] 2. (a) State Biot- Savart law (b) Derive an expression for magnetic eld strength, H, due to a nite lamentary conductor carrying a curent I and placed along Z- axis at a point P on yaxis. Hence deduce the magnetic eld strength for the length of the conductor extending from - to + . [4+12] 3. Let the internal dimensions of coaxial capacitor be a=1.2cm, b=4cm and l=40cm. the Homogeneous material inside the capacitor has the parameters = 1011 F/m, = 105 H/m and = 105 s/m. if the electric eld intensity is E = (106 /)cos105 ta v/m nd (a) J (b) The total conduction current Ic through the capacitor (c) The total displacement current Id through the capacitor (d) The ratio of the amplitude of Id to that of Ic, the quality factor of the capacitor. [44] 4. Given E = Em sin (wt z ) ay in free space. Find D, and H. Show that E and H elds constitute a wave travelling in Z direction verify that the speed and E depend only on the properties of free space. [16] H 5. For an incident wave under oblique incident from medium of 1 to medium of 2 with parallel polarization (a) Dene and establish the relations for the critical angle C and Brewster angle Br for non-magnetic media with neat sketches. (b) Plot C and Br versus the ratio of 1 /2 [8+8]

6. For a parallel plane wave guide of 3 cm separation, determine all the propagation characteristics, for a signal at 10 GHz, for (a) T E10 waves (b) TEM waves 1 of 2 [16]

Code No: V0404/R05 Explain the terms used.

Set No. 4

7. (a) An open-wire transmission line having Z0 = 650, 120 is terminated in Z0 at the receiving end. If this line is supplied from a source of internal resistance 300 , calculate the reection factor and reection loss at the sending end terminals. (b) A two wire line has a characteristic impedance of 600 and is to feed a 180 resistor at 200 MHz. A half wave line is to be used as a tube, 1.2cm in diameter .Find centre-to-centre spacing in air? [8+8] 8. (a) Derive a relation between reection coecient and characteristic impedance. (b) Determine the reection coecients When i. ZL = Z0 ii. ZL = shortcircuit iii. ZL = open circuit Also nd out the magnitude of reection coecient When ZL is purely reactive . [8+8]

2 of 2

Code No: V0202/R05

Set No. 1

II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 LINEAR AND DIGITAL IC APPLICATONS ( Common to Electrical & Electronic Engineering and Instrumentation & Control Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) Give the design procedure of a compensating network for an Op-amp which uses 10V supply voltages. Assume necessary data. (b) In the circuit of gure 1, R1 =100 , RF = 4.7K , CMRR=90 db. If the amplitude of the induced 60-Hz noise at the output is 5mV (rms). Calculate the amplitude of the common-mode input voltage Vcm . [8+8]

Figure 1 2. (a) Briey describe three uses of an analog multiplier. (b) What do you mean by sampling? Explain the basic circuit for sample and hold circuit. [8+8] 3. (a) Dene Bessel, Butterworth and Chebysher lters, and compare their frequency response. (b) Sketch the block diagram of I/II order band elimination lter and design a I order wide band- reject having fH =200 Hz and fL =1 kHz, having the passband gain of 2 each. Assume necessary data. [6+10] 4. (a) Explain the terms Lock range, Capture range and Pull-in time a PLL. How are Lock Range and Capture range determined? (b) Design a PLL circuit using IC 565 to get i. Free-running frequency = 4.5 KHz. ii. Lock range of 2 KHz and iii. Capture range = 100 Hz. Assume a supply voltage of + or - 10V. Show the circuit diagram with all component values. [8+8] 1 of 2

Code No: V0202/R05

Set No. 1

5. (a) Sketch and explain the transfer characteristic of a DAC with necessary equations. (b) LSB of a 9-bit DAC is represented by 19.6 m Volts. If an input of 9 zero bits is represented by 0 volts. i. Find the output of the DAC for an input, 10110 1101 and 01101 1011. ii. What is the Full scale Reading (FSR) of this DAC? [8+8] 6. (a) Draw a circuit of a CMOS NAND gate and explain? (b) Compare TTL and CMOS IC characteristics. (c) List out dierent categories of characteristics in a TTL data sheet? Discuss electrical and switching characteristics of 74LS00. [4+6+6] 7. (a) Implement the following Boolean function using 8:1 multiplexer F (ABCD) = ABD + ACD + BCD + ACD (b) Design a 32 to 1 multiplexer using four 74151 multiplexers and 74139 decoder? [8+8] 8. (a) Distinguish between Combinational circuits and sequential circuits. (b) Write short notes on Clocked SR ip op. [8+8]

2 of 2

Code No: V0202/R05

Set No. 2

II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 LINEAR AND DIGITAL IC APPLICATONS ( Common to Electrical & Electronic Engineering and Instrumentation & Control Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) Why is it necessary to use an external oset voltage compensating network with practical Op-amp circuits? (b) Compare and contrast an ideal Op-amp and practical Op-amp. (c) Explain the precautions that can be taken to minimize the eect of noise on an Op-amp circuit. (d) Calculate the eect of variation in power supply voltages on the output oset voltage for an inverting amplier circuit. [3+5+5+3] 2. (a) Draw the circuit of a typical instrumentation amplier. Why do we use two stage op-amp circuit as an instrumentation amplier. Explain? (b) What is the dierence between a basic comparator and the Schmitt trigger? Construct a Schmitt trigger circuit using Op-amp and derive the threshold voltages. [8+8] 3. (a) Explain the term VCVS conguration. Design a VCVS low-pass Butterworth second order lter with a cuto frequency of 4 kHz. Assume necessary data in the design process. (b) Design a second order IGMF band-pass lter with the following specications: fo =500 Hz; Gain at resonance=-5 and band-width=50Hz. Use the circuit shown in gure 3b. Assume necessary data. [10+6]

Figure 3b 4. (a) List the application of IC 565PLL and briey describe the role of the PLL in any of that application. 1 of 2

Code No: V0202/R05

Set No. 2

(b) Referring to the circuit shown in gure 4b determine the free running output, lock range and the capture range . [8+8]

Figure 4b 5. (a) Give the classication of ADCs? Explain in detail basic block diagram of ADC. (b) What is quantization error? (c) Explain R-2R type DAC. [7+2+7]

6. (a) What is meant by Tri-state logic ? Draw the circuit of Tri-state TTL logic and explain its functions. (b) Draw the schematic circuit of TTL active pull-up NAND gate and explain its operation with the help of Truth-Table. [8+8] 7. (a) Give the logic diagram of 74139 and explain its truth table? (b) What is an encoder? Write short notes on decimal to binary encoder? [8+8] 8. (a) Write short notes on synchronous up counter. (b) Explain the operation of Synchronous SRAM with the help of its internal Architecture. [8+8]

2 of 2

Code No: V0202/R05

Set No. 3

II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 LINEAR AND DIGITAL IC APPLICATONS ( Common to Electrical & Electronic Engineering and Instrumentation & Control Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) What are the three factors that aect the electrical parameters of an Op-amp. (b) Derive the expression for CMRR for the rst stage dierential amplier. [8+8] 2. (a) Discuss the functioning of a practical integrator and derive the necessary expressions. (b) Design a practical integrator circuit to properly process input sinusoidal wave forms up to 1 KHz. The input amplitude is 10mV. [8+8] 3. (a) Explain the frequency responses of all lters. (b) Figure 3 shows the rst order Butterworth LPF that uses RC network, calculate the gain if the lter is a function of frequency. Give gain magnitude and phase angle equations. [8+8]

Figure 3 4. (a) Draw the internal block diagram of IC 565 and explain its working. Discuss the terms Lock Range and Capture Range as referred to PLL system and state their inter relationship. (b) Draw the FSK demodulator circuit using IC 565 and explain its working. [10+6] 5. (a) Draw the circuit of Weighted Resistor DAC and derive expression for output analog voltage Vo. (b) Give the schematic circuit of an A/D converter widely used in digital voltmeters and explain its operation. Derive expression for output voltage. [8+8]

1 of 2

Code No: V0202/R05

Set No. 3

6. List out standard TTL Characteristics and explain them briey with necessary diagrams. [16] 7. (a) Write short notes on comparators? (b) Write short notes on full adder? [8+8]

8. (a) Explain with the help of neat diagram the simple structure of MOS ROM. (b) Design MOD 5 synchronous counter. [8+8]

2 of 2

Code No: V0202/R05

Set No. 4

II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 LINEAR AND DIGITAL IC APPLICATONS ( Common to Electrical & Electronic Engineering and Instrumentation & Control Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) Derive the expressions for AV and input impedance of a practical inverting amplier. (b) For the circuit shown in gure 1b calculate I1 , IL and V0 with R1 = 10K, Rf = 100K, Vi = 1V, RL = 25K. [8+8]

Figure 1b 2. Explain how Op-amp can be used in the following applications. (a) Rectiers. (b) Logarithmic Ampliers. (c) Peak detector. [6+6+4]

3. (a) Explain the design procedure (with suitable circuit diagram of a fourth order Butterworth low-pass lter). (b) A certain narrow band-pass lter has been designed to meet the following specications: fC =2 kHz. Q=20, and AF =10. What modications are necessary in the lter circuit to change the center frequency fc to 1 kHz, keeping the gain and band-width constant given (gure 3b)? [10+6]

1 of 2

Code No: V0202/R05

Set No. 4

Figure 3b 4. Discuss the signicance of phase detector, Low pass lter, amplier and a VCO in PLL. [4 4=16] 5. (a) Explain in detail the following characteristics of Analog to Digital converter i. Resolution. ii. Quantization error. (b) An 8 bit ADC is capable of accepting an input unipolar (positive values only) voltage 0 to 10V. i. What is the minimum value of 1 LSB. ii. What is the digital output code if the applied input voltage is 5.4V?[8+8] 6. List out standard TTL Characteristics and explain them briey with necessary diagrams. [16] 7. (a) Give the working principle of Analog-Multiplexer. Give block diagram of a 16 input analog multiplexer using CMOS gates and explain how it works? (b) Design a 24-bit group ripple adder using 74283 ICs? 8. (a) Write short notes on PROM, EPROM and EEPROM. (b) Design MOD 8 synchronous counter. [8+8] [8+8]

2 of 2

Code No: V0303/R05

Set No. 1

II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 METALLURGY AND MATERIAL SCIENCE ( Common to Mechanical Engineering, Mechatronics, Production Engineering and Automobile Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) Explain Comparison method for estimation of grain size? (b) Explain metallic bond in detail. 2. (a) What are size factor compounds? Explain with suitable examples. (b) Discuss the conditions that are most favourable for the formation of compounds and solid solutions. (c) Distinguish between an alloy and alloy system with suitable examples.[6+6+4] 3. (a) What is polymorphism? Explain Polymorphic transformations with suitable examples. (b) Discuss the importance of phases and phase diagrams to a metallurgist or a material scientist. [8+8] 4. (a) Dierentiate between free and combined carbon. (b) Discuss the eect of free carbon on the properties of gray cast iron. (c) Why are graphite akes in gray iron are very often surrounded by ferrite areas? [6+6+4] 5. Describe the following heat treatment processes and draw the relevant portions on Iron carbon diagram to show temperature ranges and microstructures. (a) Annealing (b) Normalizing. 6. (a) Explain about Alpha and Alpha-Beta Alloys of Titanium . (b) Which Aluminium casting alloy develops the highest mechanical properties?. Why? (c) What is meant by anodizing of Aluminium? Explain . 7. (a) What are the two kinds of glazing process? Explain them. (b) Explain briey the following kinds of glasses: i. Sodas-lime glass ii. Borosilicate glass. [8+8] [6+5+5] [16] [8+8]

8. (a) Explain the melt extrusion process with the help of a neat sketch for the productrion of synthetic bres. 1 of 2

Code No: V0303/R05

Set No. 1

(b) What is synthetic bre? What are the various methods available for the production of synthetic bres. [10+6]

2 of 2

Code No: V0303/R05

Set No. 2

II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 METALLURGY AND MATERIAL SCIENCE ( Common to Mechanical Engineering, Mechatronics, Production Engineering and Automobile Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) Bring out the dierences between Crystal, dendrite, grain and grain boundary. (b) What do you mean by bonds in solids? What are the various types of bonds? Give examples for each of them. [8+8] 2. (a) How are the alloys classied according to the microstructures? Explain them. (b) What do you mean by intermediate alloy phase? Explain any one type of intermediate alloy phase with some examples. [6+10] 3. (a) Explain the procedure for the construction of phase diagram, for two metals which are completely soluble in liquid state and insoluble in solid state. (b) Label the important points lines and phases in it. 4. (a) Explain briey the following: i. Dual phase steels ii. Shock resistant steels. (b) What is chilled cast iron? Describe its properties and applications of chilled cast iron. [5+5+6] 5. (a) Explain the eects of i. Sub-zero treatment ii. Addition of carbon iii. quenching media on the hardness of steels. (b) Explain the various stages in an heat treatment cycle. [9+7] [10+6]

6. (a) Explain, what you understand by season cracking in brasses and how can it be prevented? (b) What characteristics of Aluminium make it resistant to corrosion ? (c) How does anodisation increases the corrosion resistance of Aluminium? Explain. (d) Do soldered Aluminium joints have good resistance to corrosion? Why? [4 4 = 16] 7. (a) Compare the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of ceramics with those of metals. 1 of 2

Code No: V0303/R05 (b) Dene the terms ceramics, abrasives and glasses.

Set No. 2
[10+6]

8. (a) Explain the melt extrusion process with the help of a neat sketch for the productrion of synthetic bres. (b) What is synthetic bre? What are the various methods available for the production of synthetic bres. [10+6]

2 of 2

Code No: V0303/R05

Set No. 3

II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 METALLURGY AND MATERIAL SCIENCE ( Common to Mechanical Engineering, Mechatronics, Production Engineering and Automobile Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) Describe with the aid of sketches about the mechanism of recrystalisation in pure metals. (b) Discuss various types of bonds in solids and explain them. (c) Dene and explain grain and grain boundaries. [6+6+4]

2. (a) How alloys are classied according to the microstructures. Explain them fully with suitable examples. (b) Explain and draw the cooling curve for a pure metal, solid solution, compound and explain the dierences. [7+9] 3. Draw the equilibrium diagram of Copper and Zinc system. For an alloy composition of 74%Cu and26%Zn, name the phases present at the following temperatures. Name the important points, lines, phases in the phase diagram. (a) 5000 C (b) 6800 C (c) 8500 C. 4. (a) Which stainless steel is best suited for surgical instruments? Explain (b) Why are graphite akes in gray iron very often surrounded by ferrite areas? (c) Explain why is malleable iron made from hypo eutectic cast iron. 5. (a) Explain dierent types of annealing treatments and their objects. (b) What is the minimum carbon content percentage required in steel, so that it may respond to hardening by heat treatment?Why? (c) Explain the theory of tempering. What are the eects of tempering on the mechanical properties of steels. [6+4+6] 6. (a) What are bronzes? How are they classied? Give the composition, microstructure, properties and applications of any three of them. (b) Write briey about phosphor bronze. 7. (a) What are some outstanding properties of ceramic materials? (b) Write down the properties, limitations and applications of silicon carbide. (c) Compare and contrast ceramics and metals. 1 of 2 [4+6+6] [4+12] [6+5+5] [16]

Code No: V0303/R05

Set No. 3

8. (a) What are PMC and MMC? Where they are used? Explain them in detail. (b) Explain the bonding mechanism between metrix and disappeared phase in capacity. [8+8]

2 of 2

Code No: V0303/R05

Set No. 4

II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 METALLURGY AND MATERIAL SCIENCE ( Common to Mechanical Engineering, Mechatronics, Production Engineering and Automobile Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) Explain intercept (or Heyn) method for the estimation of grain size. (b) Describe about i. bond lengths and ii. bond energies in primary and secondary bonds. [8+8]

2. (a) How are the alloys classied according to the microstructures? Explain them. (b) What do you mean by intermediate alloy phase? Explain any one type of intermediate alloy phase with some examples. [6+10] 3. Platinum and gold are completely soluble in both liquid and solid states. The melting point of platinum is 17750 C and that of gold is 10650 C. An alloy containing 40%, Au starts to solidify at 16000 C by seperating crystals of 15% gold. An alloy containing 70% Au starts to solidify at 14000 by seperating crystals of 37%Au. Draw the phase diagram to scale on a graph paper and label all points, lines and phases in it. For an alloy containing 70%Au, give the temperature of initial solidication, and nal solidication. give the chemical composition and relative amounts of the phases present at 13350 C. Also draw the cooling curve. [16] 4. (a) State the dierences between hyporeutectoid, eutectoid and hypereutectoid steels. (b) What are the characteristic properties of tool and die steels? 5. (a) Explain the eects of i. Sub-zero treatment ii. Addition of carbon iii. quenching media on the hardness of steels. (b) Explain the various stages in an heat treatment cycle. 6. (a) Explain about Alpha and Alpha-Beta Alloys of Titanium . (b) Which Aluminium casting alloy develops the highest mechanical properties?. Why? (c) What is meant by anodizing of Aluminium? Explain . [6+5+5] [9+7] [9+7]

7. (a) Dene the term ceramics. Give example for dierent traditional ceramics. (b) What are structural ceramics? Discuss the important structural ceramics with examples and applications. 1 of 2

Code No: V0303/R05

Set No. 4
[6+6+4]

(c) What are the important characteristics of ceramics. 8. (a) Explain any two methods of manufacture of composites.

(b) Discuss about the following with relevant examples and applications: i. Continuous-ber reinforced MMCs ii. Discontinuous-ber reinforced MMCs.

[8+8]

2 of 2

Code No: V0502/R05

Set No. 1

II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATIONS ( Common to Computer Science & Engineering, Bio-Medical Engineering, Information Technology, Computer Science & Systems Engineering and Electronics & Computer Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. A signal m(t) is multiplied by a sinusoidal wave form of frequency fc . The product signal is v(t) = m(t)cos2fc t. If the Fourier transform of m(t) is M(f), nd the Fourier transform of v(t). [16] 2. An amplitude-modulated voltage is given by v = 50(1 + 0.2cos 100t + 0.01 cos 3500t) cos 106 t. State all frequency components ( in Hz) present in the voltage, and nd the modulation index for each modulating voltage term. What is the eective modulation index of v? [16] 3. A bandwidth rule sometimes used for space communication systems is = (2 + 1)fm . What fraction of the signal power is included in that frequency band. Consider =1 and 10. [16] 4. State and prove the sampling theorem (frequency domain). 5. (a) Describe dierent types of signaling formats with neat sketches. (b) Explain the features of Flat top Sampling and Aperture eect. [8+8] 6. (a) What is m-ary FSK scheme and derive the average probability of error for coherent m-ary FSK. (b) Distinguish between QPSK and MSK. [8+8] 7. (a) A DMS X has four symbols x1 , x2 , x3 , and x4 with P (x1 ) = 1/2, P (x2 ) = 1/4, and P (x3 ) = P (x4 ) = 1/8. Construct a Shannon-fano code for X, and show that this code has the optimum property that ni =I (xi ) and that the code eciency is 100 percent. (b) If a discrete memoryless source whose alphabet consists of K equiprobable symbols. Explain why the use of a xed-length code for the representation of such a source is about as ecient as any code can be. [12+4] 8. (a) Explain the use of G matrix and H matrix in error control coding. (b) Dene i. Hamming weight ii. Hamming distance iii. Minimum Hamming distance. 1 of 1 [16]

[10+6]

Code No: V0502/R05

Set No. 2

II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATIONS ( Common to Computer Science & Engineering, Bio-Medical Engineering, Information Technology, Computer Science & Systems Engineering and Electronics & Computer Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) Find the Fourier transform of half cosine pulse. (b) Find the Fourier transform of the doublet pulse of x(t) shown in gure 1.[8+8]

Figure 1 2. A voltage v = 200(1+0.4sin m t) sin c t is applied to a resistor of 100 ohms. Find the power dissipated by each of the frequency components present in the voltage v. [16] 3. Derive an expression for an FM signal when a carrier A sin ct is being modulated by a signal (a) Em cosm t (b) Em sinm t (c) Draw the wave forms of the FM and PM waves for the case (a). 4. Explain about the Asynchronous Multiplexing. 5. (a) State and prove sampling theorem for low pass signals. (b) Determine the sampling rate, if an audio rate signal having 5KHz bandwidth is sampled at i. Nyquist rate ii. 10% above Nyquist rate iii. 50% below Nyquist rate. 6. (a) Discus the advantages of DPSK and QPSK . How are they generated? 1 of 2 [6+6+4] [16]

[10+6]

Code No: V0502/R05 (b) Explain the principle of DPSK demodulator.

Set No. 2
[8+8]

7. (a) A DMS X has four symbols x1 , x2 , x3 , and x4 with P (x1 ) = 1/2, P (x2 ) = 1/4, and P (x3 ) = P (x4 ) = 1/8. Construct a Shannon-fano code for X, and show that this code has the optimum property that ni =I (xi ) and that the code eciency is 100 percent. (b) If a discrete memoryless source whose alphabet consists of K equiprobable symbols. Explain why the use of a xed-length code for the representation of such a source is about as ecient as any code can be. [12+4] 8. (a) Discuss the following with suitable examples i. Hamming codes ii. Interlaced codes (b) What is meant by Hamming distance (dmin )? Show that D errors in a received codeword can be detected if D <= dmin 1. [10+6]

2 of 2

Code No: V0502/R05

Set No. 3

II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATIONS ( Common to Computer Science & Engineering, Bio-Medical Engineering, Information Technology, Computer Science & Systems Engineering and Electronics & Computer Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) Find the Fourier Transform of Trapezoidal function x(t). (b) Find the Energy of the signal X (t) = 2ASinc(2t). [8+8]

2. The baseband signal m(t) in the frequency ? translated signal v(t) = m(t) cos 2fc t is recovered by multiplying v(t) by the waveform cos 2 (fc + f )t. The product waveform is transmitted through a low - pass lter which rejects the double ? frequency signal. Find the output signal of the lter. [16] 3. Derive an expression for an FM signal when a carrier A sin ct is being modulated by a signal (a) Em cosm t (b) Em sinm t (c) Draw the wave forms of the FM and PM waves for the case (a). [6+6+4]

4. Two signals band limited to 3 and 5 kHz are to be time division multiplexed. Find the maximum permissible interval between two successive samples. [16] 5. Describe with suitable sketches how delta modulation is achieved, and compare it with PCM. [16] 6. (a) Sketch the binary ASK, FSK, PSK, and QPSK waveform for the following sequence 1011. (b) A received signal is 1mv for Tb second intervals with equal probability. The signal is accompanied by white Gaussian noise with a psd of 1010 Watt/Hz. The receiver integrates the signal plus noise synchronously for Tb second duration and decodes the signal by comparing the integrator output with 0. Find the maximum signaling rate (Minimum value of Tb ) such that Pe=104 .[12+4] 7. (a) What is the signicance of coding? Explain the principles of any one type of source code. (b) Derive expression for channel capacity for innite bandwidth. (c) A source is delivering 3 messages with probabilities 1/2, 1/4, 1/4 What is the entropy of second order source. [6+6+4] 8. (a) Design a linear block code with a minimum distance of 3 and a message block size of 8 bits and nd rst ve code words. 1 of 2

Code No: V0502/R05 (b) Distinguish block codes and convolutional codes.

Set No. 3
[10+6]

2 of 2

Code No: V0502/R05

Set No. 4

II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATIONS ( Common to Computer Science & Engineering, Bio-Medical Engineering, Information Technology, Computer Science & Systems Engineering and Electronics & Computer Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. An audio oscillator is switched on at t = 0. nd the spectrum of the generated (a) cosine waveform; (b) sine waveform both of frequency c . [8+8]

2. An amplitude-modulated amplier provides an output of 106 watts at 100% modulation. The internal loss is 20 watts. (a) What is the unmodulated carrier power? (b) What is the sideband power? 3. Derive the spectrum of narrowband angle modulation(NBFM). [8+8] [16]

4. Explain how the sampling principle may be used to transmit a number of band limited signals over a single communication channel. [16] 5. (a) Discuss various Quantization methods using digital transmission. (b) Discuss briey the advantages and disadvantages of any three signaling formats. [10+6] 6. (a) Sketch the binary ASK, FSK, PSK, and QPSK waveform for the following sequence 1011. (b) A received signal is 1mv for Tb second intervals with equal probability. The signal is accompanied by white Gaussian noise with a psd of 1010 Watt/Hz. The receiver integrates the signal plus noise synchronously for Tb second duration and decodes the signal by comparing the integrator output with 0. Find the maximum signaling rate (Minimum value of Tb ) such that Pe=104 .[12+4] 7. (a) Two binary symmetric channels are connected in cascade, nd the overall channel capacity of the cascaded connection, assuming that both channels have the same transmission probability. (b) Write about entropy of a source and derive the expression for calculating entropy of a source. From this show that the entropy is maximum when the symbols are equiprobable for a source delivering two symbols. [8+8]

1 of 2

Code No: V0502/R05

Set No. 4

8. Construct a code tree for the following encoder and explain the exhaustive search method of decoding. Shown un gure 8 [16]

Figure 8

2 of 2