THE INTERNET AND THE WORLD WIDE WEB INTRANET- network of computers based on the internet TCP/IP Belongs

to an organization Accessible to members of organization that owns it May feature file sharing, its own internal website

internet> intranet---- intranet Internet> worldwide network of computer networks INTERNET- first known as ARPANET, as a military application World communication achieved by using telecom infrastructures Network of networked computers based also on TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)/IP (Internet Protocol) Basically a network infrastructure where computers connected to it are nodes in the network

THE INTERNET AS A SERVICE PLATFORM ELECTRONIC MAIL- a method of exchanging digital messages from an author to one or more recipients INTERNET RELAY CHAT (IRC)- a form of real time Internet text messaging (chat) or synchronous conferencing FILE TRANSFER VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL (VOIP)- delivery of voice communications and multimedia sessions over Internet Protocol (IP) networks such as the internet

WWW HYPERTEXT- Ted Nelson, 1970 - Terms in documents that may be linked to other references/ documents that discuss them - the link to a term to its references is called a hyperlink HYPERMEDIA (Graphics, Video, Audio) HYPERTEXT (Text, Document)

THE WEB- a popular implementation of hypertext Can be viewed as: a network of information Can be viewed as: a database of disparate types of information

Beginnings of the Web Sir Timothy Tim John Berners Lee- developed/ invented the WWW while working at CERN - developed the first web browser and editor and web server - founded the WWW Consortium (W3C) in 1994 at Massachusetts Institute of Technology - first webpage http://info.cern.ch

The WWW Consortium (W3C) - an international consortium of member organizations, staff, and the public to develop and maintain guidelines and standards for the web GOAL- to lead the WWW to its full potential by developing protocols and guidelines that ensure longterm growth for the web http://www.w3.org

The Web: At its Core Three Architectural Bases of the Web: Resource Identification- how to locate/ identify the resource Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) >compact string of characters used to identify a resource Uniform Resource Name (URN)- identifies the resource using a unique identifier within a given namespace Uniform Resource Locator (URL)- identifies the resource in a given namespace and also indicates how and where to get the resource Interaction - how to communicate with/ retrieve from the host that contains the resource Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)- Client-Server Representation/Format- how the resource is encoded HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)- basic web programmers markup language - uses tags to markup data or sections in a webpage Web Page- a page or document that we access in the web - usually an HTML page WEBPAGE & WEBSITE WEBPAGE- a resource/document that is written for the web. It can contain text, images, video, audio, Flash Animation, Java Applets, etc. Static Web Page- a page that is served as is by the server

Dynamic Web Page- a web/ resource document that when accessed contains dynamically inserted elements WEBSITE- a collection of related web pages

The WWW: CERN - The birthplace of the web - Organisation Europeenne pour la Recherche Nucleaire - European Organization for Nuclear Research The WWW Timeline 1989- The world wide web begins at CERN 1990- Web server and web browser created August 6, 1991- Marked as the day the web became publicly available service 1993- NCSA releases Mosaic, a multiplatform web browser precursor to Netscape Navigator - June 1993- Stylesheets proposed for HTML - October 1993- CERN announces WWW would be free 1994- Netscape Navigator, Opera browsers released 1995- Internet Explorer released - Javascript integrated - First browser war starts THE BROWSER WARS Metaphorical war Fight for market dominance of the popular web browsers 1st browser war: IE wins over Netscape 2nd browser war: Netscape releases source code (Firefox) 2008- present- Google, etc. joins the fray Competition is always good Better web browsers- the web programmers application user interface platforms Negative effects of the 1st browser war- non standardization of HTML .

THE DOTCOM BUBBLE: BOOM AND BURST From 1995 to 2001 Marked by the increase of Internet users Increase in internet startups (known as the DotCom) offering services through the Internet. Triggered a mild economic repression in 2000