ERDL

SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, UHM

Environmental Research & Design Laboratory University of Hawaii at Mnoa . School of Architecture

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN OPTIMIZATION WITH BUILDING ENERGY SIMULATION

Participant Report
General Information
Competition Entry Id: Please fill in this form and include it with your submission. 109 Project Name (your description): Main contact, First Name: Main contact, Last Name: Email: Organization: Country: OPT-OFFICE

THE 1st PRIZE ENTRY OF THE 2012 INTERNATIONAL DESIGN OPTIMIZATION COMPETITION
by TUAN TRAN D.Arch Candidate - SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, UHM
Tran tranhuuanhtuan@gmail.com USA School of Architecture, University of Hawaii at Manoa Tuan

INTERNATIONAL DESIGN OPTIMIZATION COMPETITION

This entry illustrates how a optimal design should be achieved by a process of careful consideration INTRODUCTION Architectural Choices through a passive design viewpoint starting from the The purpose of the Design Optimization Competition was to promote awareness of a new breed schematic design before the powerful build- the What is the form of your architecture, and why did you choose it? You may use images and utilizing diagrams to explain of optimization tools which can help with decision making at any stage of the design process. ing energy simulation to optimize and predict building concept. performance These tools provide powerful techniques for identifying optimal designs that meet potentially conflicting design requirements such as minimizing environmental impact while also minimizing development costs and at the same time satisfying constraints such as providing minimum levels The climate site study shows that the climate dominants of occupant comfort and daylighting.

Systems

Further Details
Was DesignBuilder Optimization used? Was any other optimization tool used (e.g. JEPlus)? Estimated time spent on competition (optional) Yes No 112 hours

Floor Areas

Design approach

Fill in the table below with values reported in the CSV report Total floor area [m2] Office floor area [m2] Of which cellular office area [m2] Utility area [m2] Circulation area [m2] 3037.62 2401.8 521.51 420.42 215.4

Site

The building is to be positioned within the plot boundary on a site near London Design requirements: Building form: any building form, internal layout and facade configuration

Program

3000m2 office areas and a minimum of 20% service areas Other building settings should be customized from predefined template options: - Construction materials - Glazing and shading systems - Lighting, HVAC and Natural ventilation - Activities

cold winter and favourable summer except being rarely hot for couple of times. Therefore, the design approach is oriented to narrow office type to utilize natural ventilation and natural daylighting. Low cost and high energy efficient HVAC is used to heat the office spaces during cold time in the winter while natural ventilation is capable to delivery cooling and fresh air during the hot time in the summer. Natural daylighting is important for this design to provide visual comfort while minimize energy use. Small sun space located inside the building maximizes the required daylight for most parts of the building and also promotes productive and interactive and attractive working office spaces. Skylight for the second floor provides supplemental daylight to the large open office space which is the most critical to the large open office space at the second floor. Building construction is focused on using high thermal resistant materials for exterior building surfaces. Double-pane low-e glazing is found to be appropriate to the design for its high thermal resistance and reasonable cost while inviting natural daylighting and heat radiance for heating.
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HVAC: Since heating needs to be used during cold winter time, while weather is quite pleasant during the summer except for few hot days, LHW for heating and natural ventilation is chosen for cooling to deliver thermal comfort. Lighting: using T5 with linear control to save energy while making use of its heat radiant as internal heat gain for heating seasons Ventilation strategy: Natural ventilation is used for cooling and it also is set to avoid overheating or overcooling outside air. Shading device: No shading device is introduced in the model for taking the advantage of radiant heat gain through high insulated windows which are mostly located in the south facing facades

Results

Fill in the table below with values reported by DesignBuilder as explained in the document DOC_Brief.pdf CO2 Production [kg] Building Total Cost [GBP] Discomfort (all clothing) [hrs] Daylight Floor Area above Threshold [%]
136,178.7 2,473,820 199.6 53.3

Since the building is located in the heating dominant climate, high thermal resistance materials are very important and are at high priority of choosing appropriate constructions and materials of the building fabric.
Page 1

Construction

HVAC: Raise the heating set point as high as possible for energy saving + Use the minimal heating set point 21 o C for energy use reduction + Disable MEC cooling by setting cooling set point to 30o C (maximum) + Schedule: reduce the heating loads during mid days for the high heat gain radiance from full occupancy, no heating during at night time and weekends Ventilation: + Minimal ventilation set point is 24C and MEC ventilation set point is o 27 o C, delta temperature (3 o C), upper Tin-Tout (5 o C) and lower Tin-Tout (17 oC) to reduce the mechanical ventilation as much as possible while being set to close to avoid too hot or too cold outdoor air from natural ventilation

Controls

SKYLIGHT

CELL OFFICE

OPEN OFFICE

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SUN SPACE
CELL OFFICE

OPEN OFFICE
OPEN OFFICE

SKYLIGHT

CELL OFFICE
OPEN OFFICE CELL OFFICE

Criteria for judging

SUN SPACE

Results

The winning competition entry will be the one that best meets the functional specification provided and at the same time: - Minimizes operational carbon emissions. - Minimizes construction cost - Satisfies the comfort criteria based on ASHRAE 55 - Satisfies the minimum daylighting requirement criteria (DF 2%) for at least 50% building floor area
CELL OFFICE OPEN OFFICE OPEN OFFICE

CELL OFFICE

OPEN OFFICE SKYLIGHT

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CELL OFFICE

OPEN OFFICE OPEN OFFICE SKYLIGHT

OFFICE CELL OPEN OFFICE

CELL OFFICE

OPEN OFFICE

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OPEN OFFICE

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OPEN OFFICE

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INDOOR vs OUTDOOR TEMPERATURE

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OPEN OFFICE

DAYLIGHTING AND NATURAL VENTILATION DESIGN STRATEGY

SKYLIGHT

DAYLIGHTING SIMULATION 1st FL. PLAN

The entries were judged in a 2-stage process in which a short list of the best entries was drawn up purely based on numeric carbon and cost results. The 3 winners were selected from the short list by a panel of judges from the ADOPT team which includes representatives from academia (DMU), industry consultants (ZED) and software developers (DB) - 1st Prize awarded to Tran Tuan from the School of Architecture at University of Hawaii at Manoa, USA. Not only was Tran Tuans design on the sweet spot on the Pareto front of best designs (109 on scatter diagram below) but in the judges view of high architectural quality. - Joint 2nd prize : Amir Rezaei-- Bazkiaei from Ebert & Baumann Consulting Engineers, USA (140). - Joint 2nd prize Milos Seatovic from Quiddita, Serbia, (018)
CELL OFFICE

SUN SPACE

OPEN OFFICE

CELL OFFICE

HOURLY OUTDOOR RELATIVE HUMIDITY

OPEN OFFICE SKYLIGHT

CELL OFFICE

OPEN OFFICE

OPEN OFFICE

SKY LIGHT ABOVE

SUN SPACE

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J F M M A J J A S O N D

1st & 2rd FLOOR PLAN

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HOURLY BREAK-DOWN ENERGY CONSUMPTION

DAYLIGHTING SIMULATION 2nd FL. PLAN

SKY LIGHT ABOVE

SUN SPACE

SKY LIGHT ABOVE

3rd & 4th FLOOR PLAN

Open office Cell office

Utilities Circulation

1. Building form architecturally responses to the surrounding, especially allowing for expanding nice view to the park on the west, grand view to the city scapes, and also adapt to the street view from the east. 2. Building axis runs along East West allowing for most glazing surfaces facing to the South and North for maximum daylighting and solar gain in the winter time 3.Narrrow plan layout maximizes daylighting and utilizes possible natural ventilation 4. Skylight enhances the daylighting for the 2rd, 3rd, 4th floors 5. Sun space provides heat gains to the office spaces SUN SPACE during winter time 6. Also, such building layout (sun space, attached cell offices... encourages dynamic, interactive and attractive working environment)

MAIN DESIGN CONCEPT

HOURLY VENTILATION

HOURLY DISCOMFORT DAYLIGHTING SIMULATION 3rd - 4th FL. PLAN