1. Principles in Material Adaptation 2. Relate your teaching materials to your objectives and aims.

Make sure that you know what language is for. You should choose a material that your students can use effectively for their own purposes. Keep your learners needs in mind. Pay attention to the relationship between language, learning process and the learner .

3. Key Learner Variables Personality Motivation Attitude Aptitude Preferred Learning Styles Intelligence

4. Personality: Personality affects the materials that we want to design. Learners might be introverted or extroverted. The material that we design should encourage even a shy student in the classroom . Motivation: Highly motivated students learn faster and better. As teachers, we should design activities that motivate our students .

5. Attitude: Learners have some attitudes to learning. They can learn something in different ways. The most important point is that we should satisfy our students needs by combining our experiences and their needs. Aptitude: Some people seem more readily than others to learn another language.

6. Preferred Language Styles: Some students might be more comfortable in a spoken language whereas others are more comfortable in written material. Intelligence: It has also an effect in learning a foreign or second language.

7. Contextual Factors When planning and determining your goals, consider the learners: Age Interests Aptitude Mother Tongue Motivation Reasons for learning Personality Academic and educational level.

8. Factors that affect course planning, syllabus design, selection of materials and sources : The role of English in the country The role of English in the school Resources available Time available Physical environment The number of pupils Management and administration