Turbulent Times, Resilient Region

A major passageway between North and South campaigns, Appalachia faced constant invasion by troops and assault from guerilla warfare. Residents confronted divided loyalties, persecution, suffering, strife, famine and loss. An independent spirit, sense of humor and random acts of kindness helped Appalachians persevere. These stories champion unlikely heroes, inspiring leaders, industrious individuals, compassionate souls, and strong families hoping for a better future. Out of adversity came innovations, resolve, fortitude and a belief in honor and tradition that defines Appalachia today. www.visitappalachia.com
Alabama Mississippi Ohio

Lake Ontario
Tennessee Appalachian Region of the United States
ithaca, ny

NEW
Syracuse

YORK
National Baseball Hall of Fame

St. James
AME Zion Church
Buffalo

Albany

Appalachian Region

Built in 1836, the church served as an Underground Railroad Station. Harriet Tubman and Frederick Douglas both visited the church.
Watkins Glen State Park

Cooperstown

St. James AME Zion Church

88

Lake Erie
86

Lincoln & Grace Commemorative Statue

86
Salamanca Rail Museum Allegany State Park Allegheny National Forest

Woodlawn National Cemetery

Binghamton

Elmira
Corning Museum of Glass PA Grand Canyon

The Appalachian Region, as defined by Congress, is a 205,000-squaremile region that follows the spine of the Appalachian Mountains from southern New York to northern Mississippi.

Ca it ed

d na

a o es f

Am

er

ica

90

Drake Oil Well Museum & Park

P E N N S Y LVA N I A
Washington, PA

81

Ricketts Glen State Park

Scranton
Columns Museum

Secret Service
The Old Mill Pigeon Forge, TN

at St

Cook Forest State Park Hubbard House Underground Railroad Museum John Brown Farm, Tannery & Museum

Un

Cleveland

Local unionists set up a secret garment factory on the second floor of this mill. Looms produced cloth for uniforms, while women sewed shoes for both Federal soldiers and the Tennessee Home Guard. The mill is now a restaurant.
Virginia

F. Julius LeMoyne
Birthplace
Knox Cabin Altoona Rail Roaders Memorial Museum

Doctors home is Pennsylvanias first National Historic Landmark of the Underground Railroad.

80 78

New York

Allentown

76

Old Economy Village Salem Historical Society Heinz History Center & Allegheny Arsenal

OHIO
Point Pleasant, OH

Horseshoe Curve Blairsville Underground Railroad Historic Allegheny Portage Walking Tour Railroad

Altoona
Old Bedford Village

Harrisburg

National Civil War Museum

76 81
John Brown House Franklin County Historical Society Gettysburg Battlefield and Museum

Philadelphia
Sharpsburg, MD

Key to Map Icons Key to Map Icons

General Grant Birthplace

Restored 1817 cottage is birthplace of famous Union general and future U.S. President.
Historical Roscoe Village National Road

Pittsburgh

Allegheny Cemetery

Antietam
Battlefield
September 1862 battle led to Abraham Lincolns issuance of the preliminary Emancipation Proclamation.

Civil War Battlefield Civil War Bat State Park Natural Park Historical Site Museum State Park

70

Columbus

70 McCook Civil War Museum Old Stone Academy in Putnam Historic District & Putnam Underground Railroad Education Center

79
West Virginia Independence Hall

Somerset Historical Center

Cumberland
Casselman Bridge State Park

68

Belle Boyd House John Browns Headquarters

Occupied Territory
Huntsville Depot Huntsville, AL

Hocking Hills State Park

The Union army converted this 1860 train station into a makeshift prison for Confederate soldiers, then as a Northern base of operations. On the third floor, graffiti from soldiers of both sides can be seen. Grounds also include steam engines, rail cars.
Georgia

Tale of Two Coats

Ross County Heritage Center Chillicothe, OH

Tending the Sick

The Tavern Restaurant Abingdon, VA

Marietta
Burning Springs Park Fort Boreman Civil War Park

Grafton National Cemetery

Barbour County Museum

Canal Place Heritage Area Civil War Museum of Medicine Shepherdstown Historic District Front Royal

Baltimore

Natural Park

Annapolis Washington D.C.

Battle of Bull Run at Manasses

Historical Sit Museum

Powerful Place
Historic Downtown West Point, MS

William Rooker (Union) and John Young (Confederate) met by chance during battle, decided to shake hands and part in peace. Admiring the land, Rooker returned to West Point after the war. The two soldiers renewed their friendship, families joined in marriage and Rookers grandson became Mayor. Descendents of both families still live here.
North Carolina

Brigadier General Sill met with Brigadier General Sheridan one night to discuss military strategy. When leaving, Sill mistakenly took Sheridans coat. Sill was killed in battle the next day, but Sheridan wearing Sills coat never suffered personal injury. See both coats at the center.
Pennsylvania

Built in 1779, the Tavern has had many livesas a bank, bakery and the towns first post office. During the Civil War, it was a small hospital for Confederate and Union soldiers. Charcoal numbers drawn to designate patients beds are still evident on the plastered walls in the attic.
West Virginia
Nancy, KY

National Underground Railroad Freedom Center

Parkersburg
Ross County Heritage Center
32

Philippi Covered Bridge and Historic Museum

Hopewell Culture National Historical Park

Cincinnati

Ohio River Museum

WVU Jacksons Mill Historic Area Rich Mountain Battlefield

Harpers Ferry , WV

Rankin House State Memorial Albert Sidney Johnston Museum

Our House Museum Jenkins Plantation Museum

77

Harpers Ferry
National Park
Learn about John Browns attack on slavery and other pivotal Civil War stories
Blue Ridge Parkway

MARYLAND

National Cemetery National Cem Military Park Parkway

79

64

WEST

VIRGINIA
Cranberry Glades Botanical Area

Military Park Parkway

Charleston

Camp Allegheny

Huntington

Mill Springs
National Cemetery
Dorothea Burton, 10, started the Memorial Day tradition here to decorate graves of Confederate soldiers.

Frankfort
H.P. Bottom House Perryville National Battlefield

Carter Caves Park Mary Todd Lincoln House

Craik-Patton House Heritage Farm Museum & Village Mountain Homeplace Lewisburg Historic District and the North House Museum Middle Creek National Battlefield

64
Droop Mountain Battlefeild & State Park Washington & Lee University Organ Cave McNutt House

VIRGINIA
Appomattox Court House

Richmond
Petersburg

Lexington Richmond
Berea College

Civil War Fort at Boonesboro White Hall State Historic Site Samuel May House

For the better legility the icons are larger than actual scale. They mark the general area only and not the precise geographic location.

Helping Hand
Sautee-Nacoochee Center - Sautee, GA

Pikeville Berea

Roanoke
Booker T. Washington National Monument Haller-Gibboney Rock House Museum

Lexington, VA

John Glens grist mill and woolen hat factory helped supply the armies, but also provided shelled corn and meal for Confederate Army soldiers wives and widows. See artifacts from Glens commerce and other farming equipment on display at the center.
Kentucky

Historic Crab Orchard Museum

Command Performance Fueling the War

Drake Oil Well Museum Titusville, PA McNutt House Princeton, West Virginia

Mill Springs National Cemetery Mill Springs Battlefield Visitor Center & Museum

Historic Lexington
Confederate Generals Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson lived here. Two prominent schoolsWashington & Lee University and Virginia Military Institute bear their legacy.

Mountain Life Museum

London
Cumberland Museum Cumberland Falls State Park

Museum of the Middle Appalachians Fields-Penn House Museum

Blue Ridge Parkway

Dedicated to Service
Vance Birthplace Weaverville, NC

From the Front Porch

H.P. Bottom House, Perryville Battlefield, KY

Alabama Veterans Museum Popes Tavern Museum

Crossroads Museum Walter Place Estate & Holly Springs Center for the Study of Southern Culture Corinth Contraband Camp

Tuscumbia

Blue & Gray Museum of North Alabama

Huntsville

Huntsville Fort Harker Depot Alabama Constitution Village

Praters Mill

Tallulah George State Park Dahlonega Gold Museum

85

Greenville, SC

Cedartown Historical Museum DeSoto State Park Southern Museum of Civil War and Locomotive History Gone with the Wind Museum

Museum and Library of

Shields-Ethridge Heritage Farm Crawford W. Long Museum

Maryland
Tupelo National Battlefield

City of Decatur Old State Bank & Rhea-McIntire House

59

Continuing Education
Cherrydale, Furman University Greenville, SC

Oxford

Confederate History

Columbia

Tupelo

Corinth, MS

Paying Respect
Woodlawn Cemetery Elmira, NY

Target Practice
Hagerstown, MD

Little Heiskell, Hagerstowns symbolic weathervane (shaped like a Hessian soldier) atop City Hall, could not escape wars violence; a Rebel sharpshooter used it for target practice, shooting it through the heart. The weathervane now resides in the Jonathan Hager House and Museum.

When the Elmira Civil War Prison Camp opened in 1864, John W. Jones a former slave and the local Underground Railroad Station master served as superintendent of Woodlawn Cemetery. Jones supervised the burial of dead Confederate soldiers2,973 by wars end. Because of his meticulous records on each of the prisoners, Woodlawn Cemetery was designated a national cemetery.

When war forced closure of mens colleges, James Clement Furman opened his campus to young women. The Greenville Baptist Female College thrived, often paying for tuition with bacon, sugar or lard. In 1862, students helped convert a campus building into an overnight rest home for Confederate soldiers. His home is open for tours.
Photo Credits Huntsville Depot (AL): Alabama Tourism Department Sautee-Nacoochee Center (GA): Georgia Department of Economic Development H.P. Bottom House (KY): Perryville Battlefield State Historic Site Jonathan Hager House & Museum (MD): The Hager House, City of Hagerstown Vance Birthplace (NC): Courtesy NC Historic Sites Elmira Civil War Camp (NY): Chemung County Historical Society Ross County Heritage Center (OH): The Ross County Historical Society Drake Oil Well Museum (PA): Pennsylvania Historic and Museum Commission Cherrydale, Furman University (SC): Furman University Old Mill (TN): Old Mill Restaurant Tavern Restaurant (VA): Abingdon CVB/Virginia Tourism Corporation McNutt House (WV): West Virginia Division of Culture and History. Ron Snow, photographer

Brices Cross Roads National Battlefield Site

55

Okolona Confederate Cemetery Battle of Ellis Bridge Site West Point Historic Downtown

Winston County Dual Destiny Monument

Cornwall Furnace

Picketts Mill Battlefield

Atlanta
Cyclorama

Free museum sponsored by the 16th South Carolina Volunteers.

Hillsboro, AL
Arlington Antebellum Home & Gardens

S OU TH

CAROLINA
Fort Sumter

Major General Nathan Bedford Forrests significant, but costly, Confederate victory.

Birmingham
Bessemer Hall of History Museum

Pond Spring
Estate of General Joseph Wheeler, who served both the Confederate and Union, and later as one of Roosevelts Rough Riders.

Georgias Old Capital Museum

Columbus Starkville

Catoosa, Walker & Dade County, GA

Charleston

Ulysses S. Grants Papers at Mississippi State University

Tuscaloosa
University of Alabama

Brierfield Iron Works Historical State Park

Chickamauga & Chattanooga

85

CivilWar

The Home Front

Troop movements and battles blazed across Appalachia during the Civil War. The five-year conflict affected all peoplewhite, black, free, slave, immigrant, native, Confederate, Union. Away from the battles and battlefields, this guide shares stories from the front porch, the living room and main street. The personal accounts chronicle hardship and triumph, loss and sacrifice, joy and relief, and depicting a place and a people transformed by the actions of 150 years ago. www.visitappalachia.com

Safe House Black History Museum Alabama Department of Archives & History

National Military Park

Natchez Trace

Old Depot Museum & Slavery and Civil War Museum

Tuskegee Institute National Historic Site

Key 1863 Battle along banks of Chickamauga Creek; victor won Chattanooga

Savannah

Montgomery
First White House of the Confederacy

Vicksburg National Military Park

20

Jackson

Credits: The Appalachian Regional Commission thanks the people of Appalachia for their support and contribution to this project. Particular gratitude is extended to the ARC Tourism Advisory Council for their leadership and guidance in developing the Home Front Guide. Editor: Cheryl Hargrove Designer: C&G Partners LLC

MI S S I S S I PPI

A L A BA MA

GEORGIA

Harpers Ferry (WV), courtesy West Virginia Division of Tourism

Henry Bottom owned the land where most of the battle occurred. The house still shows scars of war: bullet holes in the walls; blood stained floors from tending the wounded. After the battle, Bottom and his slaves buried the Confederate dead in two mass gravesnow Perryville Battlefield State Park.

Brothers Zebulon and Robert Vance devoted their lives to public service. Zebulon served in the U.S. Congress before leading North Carolinas Confederate Home Guards and election as governor in 1862. Robert commanded Confederate forces until his capture in 1864. After the war, Robert served in the U.S. House of Representatives.
New York

When cotton profits from the South disappeared, the north replaced those lost revenues with oil production. Taxes placed on crude and refined oil raised over $7 million for the Union. The oil lubricated railroads, provided kerosene for lighting and supplies, and fueled the norths burgeoning industrial growth.
South Carolina

Future U.S. Presidents Rutherford B. Hayes and William McKinley both chose this house as their headquarters. Fearing looting Union troops, confederate supporter Mrs. McNutt stood on the front porch and pleaded successfully with officers to spare the house from fire. Each of the stories above are located on the map in yellow.

K E NT UC KY
Greeneville, TN

75

Cumberland Gap National Historical Park

Abingdon

Civil War Photograph Collection at Jeff Mathews Museum Laurel Hill

Fort Donnelson

Andrew Johnson
National Historic Site
Nashville
24

Big South Fork Recreation Area Museum of Appalachia Confederate Memorial Hall McClung Museum Spring City Depot Museum Old Mill

81 The Tavern Historic Downtown Jonesborough & the Salt House

Stone Mt. State Park

77
Fort Hamby Academy Hill Cemetery

Winston-Salem

Raleigh

Site tells story of 17th President, who served as military governor of Tennessee during Civil War.
40
Fall Creek Falls State Park Stones River National Battlefield

Rose Center

26

NORTH
Confederate Prision Site

CAROLINA

Knoxville

Shelton Laurel Great Smoky Mountains National Park

Vance Birthplace

Asheville
40
Smith-McDowell House Museum

Confederate States Military Prison Site and Salisbury National Cemetery

40

Cherokee
75

Charlotte
Cherokee County Veterans Museum Walnut Grove Plantation Furman University Reedy River Industrial Complex

T E NNE S S E E
Memphis
Shiloh National Military Park Tishomingo State Park

65

Thomas Legion Western Carolina Marker on Blue University-Western Ridge Parkway Heritage Center

Flat Rock, NC

26

Renaissance Park

Connemara
Poet Carl Sandburg lived in this estate, built in 1838 by Christopher Gustavus Memmingerthe First Treasury Secretary for the Confederate States.

Greenville
Sautee Nacoochee Center

Chattanooga
Tunnel Hill Heritage Center