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LONG TERM EVOLUTION (LTE)

RACH PROCEDURE
DEEPAK D 7/21/2011

RACH PROCEDURE
eNodeB broadcasting SIB2 information to UE. The SIB2 having the radioResourceConfigCommon field. The radioResourceConfigCommon field having information about RACH-ConfigCommon and PRACH-ConfigSIB. The RACH-ConfigCommon having the following field:
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10)

numberOfRA-Preambles sizeOfRA-PreamblesGroupA messageSizeGroupA messagePowerOffsetGroupB powerRampingStep preambleInitialReceivedTargetPower preambleTransMax ra-ResponseWindowSize mac-ContentionResolutionTimer maxHARQ-Msg3Tx

The PRACH-ConfigSIB having the following field: 1) rootSequenceIndex 2) prach-ConfigIndex 3) highSpeedFlag 4) zeroCorrelationZoneConfig Before doing Rach procedure the following information should be known by UE. 1) prach-ConfigIndex (will indicate which subframe preamble is present) 2) numberOfRA-Preambles 3) sizeOfRA-PreamblesGroupA 4) messageSizeGroupA 5) messagePowerOffsetGroupB 6) powerRampingStep 7) preambleInitialReceivedTargetPower 8) preambleTransMax 9) ra-ResponseWindowSize 10) mac-ContentionResolutionTimer 11) maxHARQ-Msg3Tx 12) deltaPreambleMsg3 In Mac initialization time the following information should be known by MAC.
1) 2) 3) 4)

prach-ConfigIndex (will indicate which subframe preamble is present) numberOfRA-Preambles sizeOfRA-PreamblesGroupA maxHARQ-Msg3Tx

Case 1 UE is in RRC_IDLE state doing Rach Procedure. Procedure 1) Once Rach Preamble received by PHY layer. PHY will give timing advance command, Preamble id and sub frame number to MAC layer. Primitive: NiwRachInd () Parameters: a) ui16TimingAdvCmd ---- 11 bits --- 2 bytes b) ui8PreambleId ---- 6 bits ---- 1 byte c) ui8SubFrameNum -- 1 byte 2) After receiving NiwRachInd () message from PHY, MAC will calculate RA-RNTI using sub frame number, allocates TC-RNTI and ask scheduler for UL Grant. Once MAC receives the all information construct the RAR PDU and sends to UE. RA-RNTI will goes as control (DCI) message in PDCCH. Primitive: NiwRachRsp () Parameters: a) ui16TimingAdvCmd ---- 11 bits --- 2 bytes b) ui16TCrnti ---- 2 byte c) ui32Ulgrant -- 20 bits -- 4 byte 3) The UE will decode RAR PDU using RA-RNTI then the UE will send a RRC Connection request (Msg3) message to Enb using TC-RNTI. The RRC Connection request having Ue Identity field (6 bytes) which is having S-TMSI and unique Random value. Using TC-RNTI the Enb PHY will decode Msg3 and the MAC Layer will buffer first 6 bytes (CCCH SDU) of RRC Connection request message and Msg3 will forward to RRC. 4) The RRC will send RRC connection Setup message to MAC. Mac will add CCCH SDU in Contention resolution control elements with RRC connection Setup message and transmit to UE using TC-RNTI (TC-RNTI will come as control information in PDCCH).

5) The UE identifies the RRC connection Setup message using PDCCH transmission is addressed to its Temporary CRNTI. The UE Contention Resolution Identity included in the MAC control element matches the CCCH SDU transmitted in RRC Connection request then the TC-RNTI is changing to C-RNTI for that UE. Case 2 RRC Connection Re-establishment procedure (UE already having C-RNTI). The purpose of Re-establishment procedure is to re-establish the RRC connection, which involves the resumption of SRB1 operation and the re-activation of security. The following cases Re-establishment procedure will happen. 1) upon detecting radio link failure 2) upon handover failure 3) upon mobility from E-UTRA failure 4) upon integrity check failure indication from lower layers 5) upon an RRC connection reconfiguration failure

Procedure 1) Once Rach Preamble received by PHY layer. PHY will give timing advance command, Preamble id and sub frame number to MAC layer. Primitive: NiwRachInd () Parameters: a) ui16TimingAdvCmd ---- 11 bits --- 2 bytes b) ui8PreambleId ---- 6 bits ---- 1 byte c) ui8SubFrameNum -- 1 byte 2) After receiving NiwRachInd () message from PHY, MAC will calculate RA-RNTI using sub frame number, allocates TC-RNTI and ask scheduler for UL Grant. Once MAC receives the all information construct the RAR PDU and sends to UE. RA-RNTI will goes as control (DCI) message in PDCCH channel. Primitive: NiwRachRsp () Parameters: a) ui16TimingAdvCmd ---- 11 bits --- 2 bytes b) ui16TCrnti ---- 2 byte c) ui32Ulgrant -- 20 bits -- 4 byte 3) The UE will decode RAR PDU using RA-RNTI then the UE will send a RRC Connection Reestablishment Request (Msg3) message to Enb using TC-RNTI. The RRC Connection Reestablishment Request having Ue Identity field (6 bytes) which is having C-RNTI field, physCellId and shortMAC-I. The C-RNTI field having C-RNTI (Not TC-RNTI) value. Using TC-RNTI the Enb PHY will decode Msg3 and the MAC Layer will buffer first 6 bytes (CCCH SDU) of RRC Connection Reestablishment Request message and Msg3 will forward to RRC. 4) The RRC will check the UE Context for C-RNTI is available or not. If UE Context is available the RRC will send RRC Connection Reestablishment message to MAC else RRC Connection Reestablishment Reject message will send to MAC. The Mac will add CCCH SDU in Contention resolution control elements with RRC Connection Reestablishment message or RRC Connection Reestablishment Reject and transmit to UE using TC-RNTI (TC-RNTI will come as control information in PDCCH). 5) The UE identifies the RRC Connection Reestablishment message using PDCCH transmission is addressed to its Temporary CRNTI. The UE Contention Resolution Identity included in the MAC control element matches the CCCH SDU transmitted in RRC Connection Reestablishment request then the Contention Resolution will get solved for that UE. 6) If UE receives RRC Connection Reestablishment message as Msg4 it will send RRC Connection Reestablishment Complete message with C-RNTI Control element in dedicated channel (SRB1) else if If UE receives RRC Connection Reestablishment Reject message as Msg4 the UE will leave RRC_CONNECTED state with release cause 'RRC connection failure. Before Leaving RRC_CONNECTED state the UE will do following operations 1) reset MAC 2) stop all timers that are running except T320 3) release all radio resources, including release of the RLC entity, the MAC configuration and the associated PDCP entity for all established RBs 4) Indicate the release of the RRC connection to upper layers together with the release cause.

Case 3 Hand Over In handover, the source Enb will send Handover Request message to target Enb. The target Enb will send handover command to source Enb. The handover command contains the entire DL-DCCH-Message including the RRC Connection Reconfiguration message used to perform handover to E-UTRAN. The source Enb will send the RRC Connection Reconfiguration message to UE through DCCH Channel. The RRC Connection Reconfiguration message has New C-RNTI, Dedicated Preamble, radioResourceConfigCommon and rach-ConfigDedicated etc related to Target Enb. Procedure 1) Ue will send Rach preamble to Target Enb using dedicated preamble. Once dedicated Rach Preamble received by PHY layer. PHY will give timing advance command, Preamble id and sub frame number to MAC layer. Primitive: NiwRachInd () Parameters: a) ui16TimingAdvCmd ---- 11 bits --- 2 bytes b) ui8PreambleId ---- 6 bits ---- 1 byte c) ui8SubFrameNum -- 1 byte 2) Once MAC receives Preamble id MAC knows for which dedicated preamble has allocated which C-RNTI. While constructing RAR PDU MAC will use same C-RNTI which is sent in handover command. MAC will calculate RA-RNTI using sub frame number, ask scheduler for UL Grant. Once MAC receives the all information construct the RAR PDU and sends to UE. RA-RNTI will goes as control (DCI) message in PDCCH channel. Primitive: NiwRachRsp () Parameters: a) ui16TimingAdvCmd ---- 11 bits --- 2 bytes b) ui16TCrnti ---- 2 byte c) ui32Ulgrant -- 20 bits -- 4 byte 3) The UE will decode RAR PDU using RA-RNTI then the UE will send a RRC Connection Reconfiguration complete (Msg3) message to target Enb with C_RNTI MAC Control Element through DCCH Channel. The RRC Connection Reconfiguration complete (Msg3) message may have BSR report also.

Clarification

1) In case 1 and case 2, including CCCH SDU in contention resolution MAC Control element with Msg4 is done by MAC layer or RRC layer? 2) What is advantage of dividing contention base preambles into two groups A & B?

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