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Table of Contents .............................................................................................................................. 2 1 Huawei proposal for BIG Overview ......................................................................................... 3 1.1 1.2 Analysis of BIG IGW Requirements ............................................................................. 3 Huawei proposal for BIG .............................................................................................. 5 1.2.1 1.2.2 1.2.3 1.2.4 1.2.5 1.3 1.3.1 1.3.2 1.4 1.4.1 1.4.2 1.5 1.5.1 1.5.2 1.6 1.6.1 1.6.2 1.7 1.8 Overview of Proposed Solution ............................................................................ 5 Key Points of Huawei Design ............................................................................... 7 Scalability (IGW) ................................................................................................... 8 High Flexibility Solutions ....................................................................................... 8 System reliability ................................................................................................... 9 Bandwidth Capacity and Link Design ................................................................. 18 Datacom Solution Highlights............................................................................... 19 Solution Overview ............................................................................................... 20 Huawei NG-SDH Features ................................................................................. 20 Dimension of Power Solution.............................................................................. 24 Reliability of Power Solution ............................................................................... 24 Powerful Huawei Network Management ............................................................ 26 Abundant Northbound Interfaces for OSS Integrated Solution .......................... 26
Lawful Interception Solution ....................................................................................... 28 Inter-working Solution ................................................................................................. 30 1.8.1 1.8.2 Inter-working with TDM Networks ....................................................................... 30 Inter-working with IP Networks ........................................................................... 30 The incoming call number is standard number................................................... 32 Illegal incoming number call rejected ................................................................. 33
1.9
Key Solution Highlights .......................................................................................................... 33 Reliability ................................................................................................................................... 34 Excellent Voice Quality .............................................................................................................. 36
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With these new business requirements, BIG is urgently in need to deploy a reliable, cost-efficient, scalable and robust IGW Network. The deployment of the IGW is crucial to BIG business in the future in terms of revenues and strategy. The successfulness of BIG IGW will propel BIG to be experienced and efficient Class-4 and IGW operator, with huge revenues stream. As the largest and top ILEC, BIGs ultimate transformation strategy is moving towards ALL-IP Next Generation Network (NGN). BIG requires the vendor to supply, install, testing and commission the International Gateway (IGW) with Core Network, Transmission, Datacom and other facilities on turn-key basis. The BIG future network is an IP-based network which is fully compliant with ETSI and ITU-T standards. The IGW covers one Point of Presence (PoP) in Dhaka, the Core Network, transmission, Datacom and other facilities should be deployed and distributed in this PoP. The future target architecture of BIG is shown in the following figure.
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With extensive experience and deep insights in IGW deployment, Huawei has made out this proposal based on thorough understanding of the requirements in IGW license document. The key points of Huawei understanding of the tender document requirements are summarized as the following.
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The network elements proposed, including Core network, transmission and datacom must be field proven. They should be commercially deployed in overseas market and running stably for past few years. 1.1.1.2.3 Feature-rich The BIG IGW solution should be feature-rich and support a host of features, including software and hardware features. The IGW should support different routing, translation, signaling analysis, statistics monitoring and traffic measurement features based on the requirements in the tender document. 1.1.1.2.4 Low TCO The IGW solution shall provide an advantageous OPEX savings and CAPEX in long term perspective. The IGW solution should require a comprehensive construction of IGW with minimum investment as BIG prefer one time investment.
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The key ideas of Huawei proposed IGW solution are based on the following important network components: Softswitch base on CPCI platform as the call control of the IGW. Media Gateway as the signaling and media adaptation gateway. In the proposed IGW solution, all the equipments will be deployed in Dhaka, one Softx3000 process the call control and forwarding. The Media Gateway will be connected with ICX or other TDM Networks. The Softx3000 will link to the International Operators by SIP/H.323 trunks through I-SBC (SE2600). Huawei NMS, N2000 will be centrally deployed in Dhaka, will manage IGW Core Network elements, U2000 will manage the Datacom elements. Two Gateway routers, four LAN switches and three Firewall will be installed at Dhaka IGW site which will form the IP core for the proposed IGW system. One LAN switch will be installed at the BTRC site to provide connectivity for the monitoring equipment. The Soft Switch and the Media Gateway will be connected to the IP core with suitable IP interface (GE/FE). Fire walls are provided to ensure network security. One NTP server will be installed in the proposed IGW for keeping time synchronization. The Billing system will be installed at the proposed IGW site for processing, generating and
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management of Bills. The mediation devices collect the raw CDRs from the switching network elements, pre-process the raw CDRs applying the business rules and distribute them to the appropriate devices for further process in order to generate the Bills. There will be sufficient storage capacity and security in the billing system hardware for storing the billing data. Appropriate monitoring devices (O & M Control Console) will be installed at BTRC for viewing real-time traffic and call data and for saving traffic data, log files and CDR dumps. The monitoring system to be provided is also capable of online and offline monitoring and analyzing of the CDR, Call Accounting, Signaling, QoS and others. Huawei has developed an end-to-end IGW solution in accordance with ETSI and ITU-T standards. Huawei has been very actively participating in ETSI and ITU-T and other related standards organizations and forums. The compliance to these standards allows BIG to safely roll-out an end-to-end IGW network without any network issues. All the interface, including bearer and signaling interfaces are designed in accordance to the international standardization. The availability of these standard-conforming interfaces will allow BIG for a smooth commissioning and inter-working with its existing network environment to the near future next generation target network ensuring feature inter-working and end-to-end interoperability.
Product
Entity in Tender
Softswitch Media Gateway
the
Functionality of Entity
Call Control Media and signaling adaptation
Units
1 1
Sites
Dhaka Dhaka
Softx3000 UMG8900
1 1 1 1
The solution based on the following dimension parameter: 1. Average Holding time (for all calls): 60 second 2. Erlang/trunk: 0.70
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Site Name
STM-1
E1
Erl/Trunk
Percentage of IP call
Dhaka
0.70
Table 2 IGW Traffic Capacity
60
90%
2. Capacity of whole systems: Site Name Dhaka TDM Trunks 11000 No. of CCS7 Sig 30
Table 3 IGW Traffic Capacity
IP Trunks 9000
The total Trunks is 20K and the total BHCA reach to 600K under the 60s average holding time and 0.70Erl/trunks. 3. MUX Capacity: STM-16 Dhaka STM-4 4
Table 4 MUX Traffic Capacity
STM-1 24
FE 0
1.2.4
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select a route based on the data configuration and the preference policy of the bearer network.
Redundancy Design
The hardware of the SOFTX3000 adopts designs such as active/standby mode, load sharing mode, and redundancy configuration, to ensure reliability of the hardware system. The main parts in the SOFTX3000 adopt the multi-processor backup design. For example, the SMU, FCCU, CDB, BSG/MSG, and iGWB have two processors working in active/standby mode. In normal conditions, the active processor controls the running of the module, and the standby processor synchronizes with the active one in real time. When the active processor is faulty, the standby one takes over the service at once. The standby processor takes the place of the faulty active processor to control the operation of the system without interrupting the service. The service modules and interface modules of the SOFTX3000 adopt load sharing mode. That is, two or more boards share the related functions during the normal working. Once a board becomes faulty, the other boards take over the tasks of the faulty board provided that certain performance indexes, such as call loss, are ensured. The IP interface of the SOFTX3000 supports physical backup, thereby ensuring reliability of the IP routes between the SOFTX3000 and the IP bearer network.
Derating Design
This design is to lower the values of the electric stress and heat stress to the values smaller than the rated values when the electronic components run. Through this, the following purposes can be achieved: Postponing degeneration of the parameters Prolonging their service lives Enhancing their reliability
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Maintainability Design
The maintainability design aims to meet the specified quantitative and qualitative demands on maintainability, especially the demand on reducing maintenance time. The maintenance design covers the following: Product design and maintenance simplification Reachability Standardization and exchangeability Modularization Error prevention design and identifier Testing and diagnosis technology Human and environment factors
These are described as follows: The boards are designed to be hot-pluggable to reduce board replacement time. No cable is led out from the front panel, thus facilitating board removal and assembly, and decreasing maintenance time. When a module in the system is faulty, the maintenance terminal detects and reports the fault. The local maintenance MML operation terminal helps the maintenance staff to locate and rectify faults quickly and easily.
Power Reliability
To improve the reliability of the power supply system, the following techniques are employed in the SOFTX3000:
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Distributed power supply: Two power supply systems work in the redundancy backup mode. The systems have the protection functions against lightening, power failure, over and under voltage, and over and under current. When the power fails, the whole system can restart within five minutes.
The power module of the subrack adopts 2+2 backup design. When one power module is faulty, it does not affect the operation of the system.
Overvoltage and overcurrent protection measures are applied to +5 V / -48 V power input and external interfaces (such as E1 interfaces). These measures comply with Appendix B of ITU-T Recommendation G.703 and relative specifications.
The UMG8900 supports 1+1 backup mode, N+1 backup mod and load-sharing mode for hardware design, provides the high reliability hardware platform. The bearer processing board and interface board support 1+1 and load-sharing mode. The call control board supports 1+1 backup mode. The main control board and clock cascading support 1+1 backup. The UMG8900 supports backup of FE/GE ports and reliable networking with the L2/L3 LAN Switch, router and MSTP. If any peer network element fails, services are not interrupted. TDM SDH / SONET support 1+1 backup, N:1 backup and load-sharing mode.
Protective Measures
The software of the SOFTX3000 applies a modular structure in hierarchical mode. All software modules are developed based on a loose coupling mechanism, minimizing a faulty module's impact on other modules. In addition, the software of the SOFTX3000 is added with functions of
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detecting, isolating, and correcting errors; in an emergency condition, the SOFTX3000 can provide an approach for quickly locating the faults.
Fault Tolerance
To prevent impact on the system by certain software faults, the SOFTX3000 adopts the following measures for the key software: Scheduled detection Real-time monitoring of tasks Storage protection Data check Saving of operation logs
These measures improve the fault tolerance of the software, that is, the self-healing ability in the case of software error.
Troubleshooting
The SOFTX3000 automatically detects and diagnoses hardware and software faults. It can isolate, switch over, restart, or reload the faulty hardware.
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From the time a call is completed to the time the CDR information is transferred to the billing center, there are four levels of CDR buffer against CDR data loss due to abnormal causes. The four levels are: host CDR pool buffer, original CDR file buffer, final CDR file buffer and automatic CDR file backup on the IGWB server. Host CDR pool buffer: The host CDR pool stores the original CDRs. Original CDR file buffer: After being transferred from the host CDR pool to the IGWB Server, the original CDRs are stored first in the hard disk as the level-two buffer. Final CDR file buffer: After processing the original CDRs, the IGWB Server saves the final CDR data to be sent to the billing center to carry out the level-three buffer. Automatic backup in IGWB Server: The IGWB Server adopts 1+1 backup mode. The active server regularly backs up the CDR data in the hard disk to the standby server to carry out the level-four buffer. The primary and secondary boards provide an independent external network interface for connecting to the third-party server and backing up CDR files to the third-party server through FTP or SFTP. The network interface is independent to ensure network security.
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Sliding Window Protocol CDRs are transmitted between the SOFTX3000 and the iGWB through the Sliding Window Protocol. The SOFTX3000 sends some CDRs to the iGWB. After receiving the CDRs, the iGWBchecks and filters the CDRs and then stores the CDRs in the window. After the CDR data is written into the hard disk completely, the iGWB responds to the SOFTX3000. Then the SOFTX3000 continues to send new CDRs. To ensure transmission efficiency, the iGWB can receive and check new CDRs while storing CDR data. The key data about the sliding window status in the iGWB is written into the hard disk in time. When the iGWB is restarted or the primary and secondary servers are switched over, no CDR is lost or duplicate during transmission.
CDR Processing Reliability Three modules are involved in the CDR processing from receiving CDRs to generating final CDRs. The iGWB creates a reliable CDR processing task between the three modules. CDRs are processed in the unit of the package. After original CDRs are stored successfully, the information about CDR packages is also stored in the hard disk. After original CDRs are processed and stored as final CDRs, the package numbers are also stored. When the iGWB is restarted, the iGWB can calculate the package number of the original CDRs that are not processed based on the package numbers of final CDRs. Then the iGWB continues to process the remaining original CDRs.
CDR Distribution When CDR files are distributed in PULL mode, the billing center fetches CDRs from the iGWB. The iGWB provides the FTP or SFTP user name and password to the billing center and opens the read and write authorities of the directory where the second copy of final CDRs is stored. When CDR files are distributed in PUSH mode, the iGWB sends CDRs to the billing center. The billing center provides the FTP or SFTP user name and password to the iGWB and opens the directory where the final CDRs are stored.
CDR Backup CDR backup further ensures CDR reliability. The iGWB automatically backs up CDR files on other storage devices through the LAN or WAN to improve data security.
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module is automatically switched to be the active one. All programs and data on the module are immediately brought into effect. The SOFTX3000 supports the backup of data from the database of the active processor to a flash memory. This enables quick restart of the active processor after data is obtained from the flash memory. The SOFTX3000 supports the automatic CDR backup mechanism. The OMU conducts a regular CRC of the mainframe data. If the data of the mainframe is not consistent with that of the background, the BAM server starts a setting procedure to the foreground. If the setting procedure fails after preset attempts, an alarm is generated to remind the operation staff to restore the data.
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Equipment Place: 1. Core Router 2. Core LAN Switch 3. Firewall ( Dhaka) ( Dhaka) ( Dhaka)
Equipment List: 1. Core Router 2. Core LAN Switch 3. Firewall = NE40E = S9300 = E1000E (2Units) (2 Units) (1 Unit)
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Compared with media traffic, the bandwidth of signaling traffic is very small. But it demands higher for transmission reliability and low time delay. Take the Dhaka Site as an example, according to the calculation of NGN core network designing and planning table for all NGN and IP Equipment interface will be as below:
MGW Core LAN Switch Media traffic: GE optical link, load balancing mode
Soft Switch Core LAN Switch Signaling traffic: FE electrical link, active/standby mode
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Service Access Reliability Service access solution is also very important to ensure end to end service reliability. Normally, the end service system (e.g. MGW or Softswitch) has dual connections to the IP/MPLS network, and it has two working modes, one is active backup mode, another is load sharing mode. For active backup mode, the end service system has one IP address for two interfaces, for load sharing mode, the end service system has one IP address per interface. To access service systems working in load sharing mode, we proposes that the end service systems be directly connected layer 3 equipments so as to protect against the access link failure. Enhanced VRRP Huawei core routers have enhancement on standard VRRP, which uses BFD for fast failure detection and then trigger VRRP to switchover traffic. With enhanced VRRP, the switchover time is reduced from more than 3 seconds to less than 50ms. Enhanced VRRP is used to protect against local PE node failure and local PE-CE link failure.
Huawei offers next generation SDH products OptiX OSN NG-SDH series OSN 3500, which can provide SDH/PDH, Ethernet, ATM, and SAN service in a unified single platform. OSN 3500 is STM-64/16 level equipment. In order to meet the ICX requirement for Transmission equipment, Huawei offers OptiX OSN 3500 and OptiX iManager U2000 in this proposal. Following equipments are offered as per requirement: 1. OptiX OSN Series Equipment OptiX OSN 3500 2. Dimension Site Dhaka-1 STM-16 0 STM-4 16 STM-1 24 E1 FE 1 Sets Dhaka
ICX will provide the connectivity between ICX and IGW. In ICX site, 2 OSN3500 will be deployed in Dhaka Site to handle most of the transmission.
1.4.2
Unified Platform All the software and service cards, such as SDH, PDH, data cards (Ethernet, ATM, RPR, and SAN) are universal to each other, which greatly minimize the initial investment, spare parts as well as
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maintenance cost. Network traffic upgradeability will be achieved just through modular expansion with non-traffic affecting pattern, and without replacing the hardware system. Unified product series can also shorten the time of network deployment and training expenses. Data awareness Capability As NG-SDH equipment, OptiX OSN 3500/1500 can provide abundant service interfaces for voice and data services, such as SDH, PDH, ATM, FE/GE. For Ethernet data traffic Transport, it supports GE/FE transparent transmission; convergence and L2 switch to address various customers' requirements via GFP/LCAS/VCAT and supporting MPLS L2 VPN. It can also provide ESCON/FICON/FC, ATM, WDM, RPR etc. RPR (Resilient Packet Ring) Solution The OptiX OSN series is integrated with RPR technology to support access, aggregate and transport of 10M/100M/1000M Ethernet service. The main features and specifications are listed below. Supports 10Base-T/100Base-FX/TX, 1000Base-SX/LX to access FE/GE Ethernet traffic Supports encapsulation of GFP and LAPS protocols. Supports VCAT (Virtual Concatenation) and LCAS mechanism for bandwidth protection of data traffic Flexible configuration of the RPR ring from VC-3-1v to VC-4-8v. The mapping granule can be VC-3 or VC-4. Destination strip to realize spatial reuse mechanism Bandwidth fairness Mechanism Standard WRAPPING and STEERING protection mechanism with switch over time less than 50ms and the optimized protection technology of WRAPPING+STEERING, which is Huawei patent technology. Auto recovery of the topology to plug and play. Powerful QoS mechanism, support five priorities of A0, A1, B-EIR, B-CIR and C. Supports MPLS and stack-VLAN technology to provide VPN in the RPR ring, the service can be EVPL and EVPLAN. Supports flow-control based on 64K granularity by the CAR (Committed Access Rate) scheme. Ethernet over SDH Solution The OptiX OSN series is integrated with Ethernet over SDH Technology to support access aggregate and transport of10M/100M/1000M Ethernet service. The main features and specifications are listed as below. Supports 10Base-T/100Base-FX/TX, 1000Base-SX/LX to access FE/GE Ethernet traffic
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Supports Layer 2 switching and the ability to classify Ethernet traffic as defined in IEEE 802.1Q-tag standard. Mapping granularity: VC-12-nv, VC-3-nv, and VC-4-nv for Ethernet data, huge access and transmission capacity up to 2.5Gbps per Ethernet service card. Supports transparent transmission and convergence from FE to FE, FE to GE and GE to GE for Ethernet traffic. Supports Layer 2 VPN function and implements the EPL(Ethernet Private Line) , EVPL(Ethernet Virtual Private Line), EPLn/EPLAN(Ethernet Private LAN) and EVPLn/EVPLAN(Ethernet Virtual Private LAN) services. Supports Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (LCAS), achieving dynamic capacity adjustment of transmission bandwidth and protection of concatenated group.. Support encapsulate protocols such as Generic Framing Procedure (GFP),High-level Data Link Control (HDLC) and Link Access Procedure-SDH (LAPS). High Traffic Grooming Capacity It supports large capacity high/low order cross-connect, Multi-ADM design, and flexible add-dropping capability. With high traffic grooming capacity, it supports STM-1/4/16/64 Mesh, ring, star and chain topology. Best for IP/ATM DSLAM Transport The OSN series provides good transport solution for DSLAM. OSN support ATM solution, Ethernet over SDH, RPR and WDM transport solutions for both ATM-based and IP-based DSLAMs. Different solutions can be used for different requirements on bandwidth, and can be smoothly shifted from one solution to another, so as to protect your investment. Highly Integrated Platform OSN series products support highly integrated large capacity traffic service boards with low power consumption. It also adopts OADM upgradeability just inserting new WDM cards on the existing platform without replacing the hardware system. Therefore, NGSDH is the future-proof solution because these features greatly preserve the original investment of your network. Best for Lease line services NG-SDH is the best for leased line services for business customers. So far, three different types of leased line services are available over the OSN series products: the TDM leased line (transparent transport mode), Ethernet private line (transparent transport mode) and Ethernet virtual private line (Bandwidth is shared and VALN/LSP is used to isolate data of different users. Ethernet leased line services can be very flexible in bandwidth, and can be either in the transparent mode or in the bandwidth shared mode.
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Upgradeability (ASON -based platform) OSN 3500/1500 are ASON-based platform, can be smoothly evolved into intelligent network just by software upgrade. It supports intelligent features such as protection and restoration, Automatic Topology and Resources discovery, automatic end to end service provisioning, SLA services etc. Service provisioning in traditional SDH has been a manual, lengthy, and costly process. To manually provision an end-to-end high-speed connection, a service provider must determine which SDH rings the connection traverses and provision bandwidth on each ring manually. If any ring is at full capacity, the carrier must find an alternative ring path or upgrade the capacity of a ring and propagate the information to all sites manually. These are very time-consuming processes and can even take months. The deployment of ASONbased nodes allows carriers to automate the provisioning and management of the network and promises to lower the cost of operation by reducing service activation times from few weeks to seconds via Point & click on EMS/NMS. Several ASON-based networks which had been deployed by Huawei worldwide are in commercial operation and these types of ASON-ready Huawei OSN series products has been deployed over 30 countries. Operable & manageable Platform Service boards are compatible to save spare part and operation cost, Hot-swappable SFP optical modules, Remote board information collection and remote maintenance, In-service software upgrade, IP over DCC, OSI over DCC for multi vendor interoperability and end to end service provisioning. With highly integrated NP chips, full compatibility in hardware and software, special consideration for Operation & maintenance, smoothly scalable to ASON networks (Automatic switching optical network), OptiX OSN series will bring significant cost saving for BTCL in terms of CapEx and OpEx.
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Total
634
3683.5
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Operators can manage and maintain the authorized network elements via the N2000 Client, through the TCP/IP Ethernet network. N2000 provides open and standard northbound interfaces to be integrated into upper level NMS system. Huawei can therefore help the operator to build a highly efficient and well-integrated O&M system. To monitor and manage the datacom and transmission network, Huawei proposes U2000.
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a)
Huawei proposed NMS provides configuration north-bound interface to the configuration tools for inquiring the configuration files. It can export the configuration data into .xml files periodically. The configuration tools can fetch the configuration files from the directory of the NMS through FTP. It supports configuration file importing interface that enables the configuration tools to modify radio algorithm parameters and neighboring parameters. After updating the parameters, the configuration tools transfer the configuration file to the NMS. It then parses the file and generates script files and downloads them to NEs. Then the files are activated on NEs and NEs execute the modification. When the execution completes, NEs generate result files and notify NMS. It then collects the result files and combines them. The configuration tool can then get the result file from the NMS through FTP. The detailed file format and control flow shall be negotiated and confirmed by TMCZ and Huawei. b) Monitoring Tool Integration
In Huawei OSS solution, our proposed NMS collects and stores all the alarms of all NEs. The monitoring tool can collect the alarms from the NMS directly, instead of connecting to each NE. It provides various alarm north-bound interfaces to the monitoring tools, including alarm ASCII streaming interface, alarm CORBA interface, alarm file interface and alarm SNMP interface. The NMS has successful stories of integration with HP TeMIP through alarm CORBA interface, with IBM Micromuse Netcool through alarm ASCII streaming interface, alarm SNMP interface and alarm COBRA interface. c) Performance Tool Integration
In Huawei OSS solution, N2000 and U2000 collects and stores the performance data of all NEs. The performance tool can collect the performance data from them directly instead of connecting to each NEs. It provides the performance north-bound file interface to the performance tool. It has successful stories of integration with IBM Vallent Metrica and Mycom NMS-Proptima through performance north-bound file interface d) Backup Tool Integration
Huawei proposed NMS supports to back up configuration data of the network elements and system data of the NMS itself. The backup tool can get the backup files from the NMS through FTP.
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Softswitch (Softx3000): SOFTX3000 provides the support of LI function, and performs call control function for intercepted calls. It can intercept all the communication and non-communication actions of the intercepted number in real time. The communication actions include outgoing/incoming traffic, supplementary service activation, SMS transmission/reception, FAX, etc. For the communication action, Softswitch can generate and send IRI/CC to LIG/MC. For the non-communication actions, Softswitch can generate and send IRI to LIG/MC. The LI service will not affect any other telecommunication services. MGW (UMG8900):
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The MGW is connected to the MC or LIG (modify according to your project) through E1s over ISUP. It is controlled by the softswitch via H.248 protocol, to duplicate the interception content (CC) and send to the MC or LIG through E1s in PCM voice format. LIG: LIG is Huawei internal terminology. In ETSI/3GPP standards, LIG is called mediation. Its main functions are: Managing the interception targets, the LI operator can use the LIG client to activate, list, deactivate the interception targets. This function module is called ADMF in ETSI/3GPP standards; Receiving the interception related information from TNE and transferring it to MC. This function module is called DF2 in ETSI/3GPP standards; Optional Receiving the interception call content from TNE and transferring it to MC. This function module is called DF3 in ETSI/3GPP standards; MC: MC is Huawei internal terminology. In ETSI/3GPP standards, MC is called LEMF. Its main functions are: Receiving and Storing interception related information from LIG; Receiving and Storing call content from LIG or TNE; Intelligently analyzing the stored information, such like restoring the call content, intelligent show the interception related information. Interface and Function: There are two kinds of interfaces in the LI solution: X interface and Handover interface (HI). X interface is the interface between TNE and LIG, HI is the interface between LIG and MC. X interface includes X1, X2, and X3 logical channels. X1: based on TCP or UDP/IP, transmits the commands/responses between TNE and LIG. LIG/MC can activate/deactivate/inquire targets through this channel. TNE is the server point while X1 is based on TCP/IP protocol. X2: based on TCP/IP, provides the interception relative information to LIG, like calls establish/release PDP activation and so on. LIG is the server point in TCP link. X3: transmits the Content of Communications, like speech, user packet. Handover interface includes HI1, HI2, and HI3 logical channels. Controlling LIG system security and monitoring LIG system activity.
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HI1:TCP/IP or manual. HI1 interface is the command control interface used to activate or deactivate intercepted targets. HI2: based on TCP/IP, MC will receive the IRI through this interface. LIG uses FTP protocol to delivery IRI to MC according to ETSI/3GPP standards. HI3: MC receives the intercepted CC (Call Content) through this interface.
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While working as a I-SBC, SE2600 provides the following functions: Serving as the SIP/SIP-T trunk and H.323 trunk, the SE2600 can interconnect the SoftX3000s that are deployed in different networks. By exchanging trunk signaling, the SE2600 allocates media addresses and port numbers and generates channels for media streams to help forward media streams. By handling signaling and media, the SE2600 supports NAT traversal, security defense, and topology hiding.
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softswitch. BIG can configure any of the numbers or number ranges which need to be blocked in the softswitch. When softswitch found the caller number is in the list of blocked number, the call will be rejected by softswitch. The function is incoming caller number discrimination; the number range to be rejected can be configured in softswitch. When any incoming call go through BIG NGN, the softswitch would compare the incoming call number with the configured illegal number, when the incoming call number is the illegal number, the softswitch will reject the call directly.
Figure 11: Standard incoming call number Subscriber B call subscriber A; Softswitch will identify the B number with the number range which be configured as illegal; The B number not included in the illegal number range; The softswitch transfer the call to the A number normally.
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Figure : illegal incoming call rejected Subscriber B call subscriber A; Softswitch will identify the B number with the number range which be configured as illegal; The B number is included in the illegal number range; The softswitch rejected the call.
1. High rate The use of high-speed serial data links and the switching structure brings as wide as 2.5 Tbit/s bandwidths for data switching. 2. High availability All boards and back inserted boards are hot swappable, and a redundancy mechanism is available for essential components such as power supply, fans, management modules, and boards. This contributes to 99.999% system availability. 3. High expandability
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By adding an interface board to a subrack, the operator can increase the number of interfaces on an board and realize subrack cascading. 4. High scalability Backplanes can be smoothly upgraded to 10 GE, and the performance of the interface board is highly scalable. 5. High manageability The use of standard management buses realizes efficient management of any system components. The SOFTX3000 provides advanced hardware technology, featuring modular hardware structure, large capacity, and high integration. All boards use advanced integrated circuits such as the ASIC, PLD, and FPGA. This simplifies the working of the SOFTX3000 and improves the integration of the system. When serving as the Class-5 only, SOFTX3000 V300R010 supports a maximum of 2 million subscribers. When serving as the Class4 only, SOFTX3000 V300R010 supports 360K TDM trunk circuits. With the distributed hardware structure, high-performance chips, high-speed buses, and high speed Intel processors, the SOFTX3000 provides powerful processing capabilities.
Reliability
Huawei IGW solution and network elements are all designed to be fully redundancy. All the important components, including Softx3000, UMG8900, OSN and NE40E are embedded with redundancy features, including control cards, service processing cards, power supply, fans, bus and software blocks, are designed to work in redundancy mode. There is no single point of failure in the whole system. The H.248 connections between Softx3000 and UMG8900 are based on SCTP protocol and Multi-homing mechanism is used to make it more reliable. SCTP with Multi-homing mechanism is also been used in the SIGTRAN technology as transmission layer in both Softx3000 and UMG8900. UMG8900 Protection Capability for TDM Connection
The UMG8900, as a large-capacity and high-density media gateway device, provides large-capacity SDH/SONET interfaces. The SDH/SONET interfaces serve as the convergence interfaces of the lower-layer network service, and its security is important. Therefore, the Huawei media gateway, UMG8900 is designed with the function of SDH/SONET interface protection. The SDH/SONET interface protection uses the linear multiplex section protection, and the protection modes consist of the 1+1 backup and 1:N backup. When configuring the SDH/SONET interface protection, set the optical interface on the master SDH/SONET interface board to the work channel of the protection group, and that of the slave SDH/SONET interface board to the protection channel. In this case, when the optical interface of the work channel fails, services are automatically switched to the optical interface of the protection channel, and the services are not interrupted.
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The following figure shows the work mode of the 1+1 backup.
In the 1+1 backup mode, each work channel has a dedicated protection channel. The transmitter sends signals over the two channels, and the receiver receives the signals from the channel with the signals of a better quality. The following figure shows the work mode of the 1:N backup.
A Protect channel (send) Protect channel (receive) Work channel 1 (send) Work channel 1 (receive) Work channel 2 (send) Work channel 2 (receive) B
Work channel N (send) Work channel N (receive) Bridge Selector Selector Bridge
The difference between the 1: N backup and 1+1 backup is that N channels share one dedicated slave channel. When the system is normal, service streams are transmitted over the work channel. When the work channel is disconnected or its performance deteriorates, the transmitter switches to the protection channel to transmit the service streams and the receiver receives the information over the protection channel. IP Interface Load Sharing
The UMG8900 supports the load-sharing working mode of IP interfaces. Two load-sharing IP
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interfaces are configured with IP addresses respectively, and separately carry services. These two IP interface are backup for each other. When a IP interface is faulty, traffic is automatically switched to the other IP interface. Thus, the normal operating of bearer services is not interrupted. Bidirectional Forwarding Detection
The UMG8900 supports the Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) protocol. Through BFD, the UMG8900 periodically sends UDP-based fault detection packets, to detect and check disconnection faults of the transmission link, optical interface, and electrical interface, and faults caused by applications, such as packet loss, error code, and forwarding on the link layer and network layer. When BFD deployed, the time of link changeover is below 200ms.
Delay and jitter refer to duration when an NE forwards service messages in a communication network. When a voice packet is transmitted from A to B over the IP network, time overhead is generated during the process of packet sending, transmitting, and receiving. End-to-end delay contains codec delay, encapsulation and decapsulation delay, and network transmission delay. Jitter is mainly caused by the network. The least intermediate nodes (such as routers and switches) in the end-to-end transmission path result in the smallest jitter. If a delay exceeds 250 ms, the communication satisfaction decreases. Therefore, end-to-end delay cannot be longer than 250 ms. Packet loss ratio
On IP networks, due to causes such as network congestion, service packets that cannot be transmitted from the source address to the destination address are discarded. The packet loss ratio is the percentage of lost packets in relating to the whole packets to be transmitted. IP packets are lost on the IP network in two cases: The packets are lost during the network transmission, and the routing device discards IP packets when the network is congested. When the packet loss ratio is greater than 10%, the voice quality is severely affected. Echo
Echo indicates that speakers can hear their own voices in the earpiece during the conversation. Echo is categorized into two types: electrical echo and acoustic echo. Noise
Noise is any interfering sound, it can be thought of as any undesirable characteristic that
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The voice level is an item used to measure the voice, and its unit is dBm. dBm represents the decibels of one mW. The voice transmitting and receiving level is another key factor affecting the voice quality. Therefore, the voice gateway must be able to adjust the voice level. Usually, the voice level is set to 0 dBm. Huawei Voice Quality solution The UMG8900 realizes a series of voice technologies, including dynamic/static Jitter-Buffer (DJB/SJB), electrical echo cancellation (EEC), acoustic echo cancellation (AEC), gain control (GC), packet loss compensation (PLC), noise suppression (NS). Huawei provide these VQE technologies to solve these problems
Factors Quality
Affecting
Voice
Delay and jitter Packet loss ratio Electrical echo Cancellation Acoustic echo Cancellation Noise Level
Dynamic and Static Jitter-Buffer Packet Loss Compensation Electrical echo Cancellation Acoustic echo Cancellation Noise Suppression Automatic Gain Control
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When voice streams are transmitted through the Nb interface across multiple MGWs on an IP network, voice streams jitter occurs at the receiving end due to IP network jitter. To minimize the impact of the IP network on the voice quality, the UMG8900 adopts the Jitter-Buffer technology. That is, the UMG8900 buffers the received voice packets and then outputs them at a regular interval after they re-queue. In this manner, jitter is defeated and voices can be smoothly received. Please refer to the diagram above for more illustration. Generally, the longest Jitter-Buffer modifies the voice packet queue best, which, however, results in long delay and degrades the voice quality. Therefore, the UMG8900 provides the adaptive Jitter-Buffer technology to balance jitter and delay. That is, the UMG8900 can adjust the Jitter-Buffer depth against IP network jitter based on the actual jitter conditions of an IP network. Dynamic Jitter-Buffer: The DJB is automatically invoked by the system to improve the voice quality for each VoIP call. The UMG8900 also supports static Jitter-Buffer which is mainly applied to data services. Users can set the SJB to 0300 ms with the relevant command. Packet Loss Compensation Owing to network congestion, buffer overflow, and error bits, packages are always lost in the connectionless network. Real-time data streams such as voice packets have a strict sequence, and thus discarding is better than retransmission. The voice compression codec algorithms used by IP calls are always in frame, and they are sensitive to packet loss. Consecutive frame loss obviously affects the intelligibility, naturalness, and clearness of the integrated voice at the receiving end. To avoid the effect of packet loss, the package loss compensation (PLC) algorithm is used. Based on the dependencies of the context voice information, the lost frames are regenerated during the decoding, and in this way, the effect of the received voice is guaranteed.
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Electrical Echo Cancellation The echo means that the speaker voice is looped back to the speaker through network devices. The feature of the echo is that the perceived quality of the speaker is affected, and that of the hearer is not. In the single-IP telephone system, voice signals are received and sent through different physical lines, that is, the four-wire circuits, and thus no echo is generated. When the IP network and the PSTN network are interconnected, at least one of the two communication parties is the two-wire phone, and two wire four wire transformation circuits are covered, and the echo is generated. The reason of the echo generation is as follows: Full-duplex data transmission allows simultaneously transmitting messages in two directions in one frequency band, that is, in a digital user loop, use one twisted pair cable to transmit two signals of different directions. At the two full-duplex ends, the hybrid lines are used to separate the transmission in two directions. To avoid the reflection of local and remote signals at the hybrid, you must know the precise impedance of lines. The line impedance depends on the line parameters; however, usually the precise line parameters are unknown. In this way, attenuated and distorted transmission signals are leaked to the input end of a receiver, and the echo arise. This is the electrical echo. Automatic Gain Control In the communications system, input voice signals are often collected with microphones. When gains of the audio enlargement system are fixed, the collected voice signals vary with the speakers distance to the microphone. In this way, remote users hear the voice with unsteady volume, and the subject quality of voice decreases. To enhance the subject quality of voice, the automatic gain control (AGC) technology is introduced. The AGC function can compensate changes of the voice volume, retain the voice level, and help users enjoy steady, clear conversations. At present, the voice quality enhancement
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(VQE) function provided by the UMG8900 has the following functions settings: Enabling the AGC function or not as a whole. Enabling the AGC function of the local exchange or other exchanges. Setting the adjustment maximum value from 3 dB to 12 dB. Setting the adjustment target level value. Setting the target level from 23 dBm to 6 dBm.
Noise Suppression At present, the voice quality enhancement (VQE) function provided by the UMG8900 can support the noise suppression (NS) function. NS can: Detect input signals during a conversation. Identify and eliminate noise. Provide clear, high-quality voice for users.
Enabling the noise reduction (NR) function or not according to the channel configuration. The NR can: Detect the local and remote input signals at the same time, or detect the local or remote input signals, and identify and eliminate noise. Set the noise suppression energy from 0 dB to 15 dB. Automatically adjust the local or remote output voice volume based on the local or remote input noise to help users in a noisy environment hear pleasant, clear voice. Enabling the noise compensation (NC) function or not according to the channel configuration. The NC can: Adjust the local and remote input signals, or adjust the local or remote input signals. Set the adjusted voice volume gains from 3 dB to 12 dB.
Voice quality specifications of UMG8900 In a good network condition: MOS > 4.0 In a poor network condition: MOS > 3.5 (packet loss rate = 1%, network jitter = 20 ms, delay = 100 ms)
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ACL AMG AS ASL ASN.1 ATM BAM BAS BGCF BHCA BRA BFD BAM BHCA CCF CDB CDR CLIP CLIP CMU CN CPU CSCF CDB
Access Control List Access Media Gateway Application Server Analog Subscriber Line Board Abstract Syntax Notation One Asynchronous Transfer Mode Back Administration Module Broadband Access Server Breakout Gateway Control Function Busy Hour Call Attempt Basic Rate Access Bi-directional Forwarding Back Administration Module Busy Hour Call Attempt Charging Collection Function Central Database Board Charging Data Records Caller Line Identification Presentation Caller Line Identification Presentation Connection Maintenance Unit Connection Node Central Processing Unit Call Session Control Function Central Database Board
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CLIP DOPRA
ECF ENIP FRR FTAM FTP FE FTAM FTP GE GUI H.248 HONET HRB HSS HTML IAD IADMS I-CSCF ID iGWB
Event Charging Function Enhanced Network Intelligent Network Fast Reroute File Transfer Access and Management Protocol File Transfer Protocol Fast Ethernet File Transfer Access and Management Protocol File Transfer Protocol Gigabit Ethernet Graphical User Interface H.248/MECAMGO protocol Home Optical Network High-speed Routing Board Home Subscriber Server Hyper Text Markup Language Integrated Access Device Integrated Access Device Management System Interrogating CSCF Identity iGateWay Bill
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Integrated Management Application Platform IP Multimedia Subsystem IP Multimedia Service Switching Function Intelligent Network Application Part Internet Protocol Integrated Services Digital Network International Organization for Standardization International Telecommunication Union -
Telecommunication Standardization Sector ISDN L2UA LAN LDD LSP M3UA MA MCU MDC MG MGCF MGCP MGW MIB MML MRF MRFC MRFP Integrated Services Digital Network Layer 2 User Adaption Layer Local Area Network Label Distribution protocol Label Switch Path Message Transfer Part 3 (MTP3) -User Adaptation Layer Multi-service Access Multipoint Control Unit Message Distribution Center Media Gateway Media Gateway controller Function Media Gateway Control Protocol Media Gateway Management Information Base Man Machine Language Media Resource Function Media Resource Function Controller Media Resource Function Processor
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MRS MTBF MTP MTTR NAT NGN NMS NIC NMS NPB OLT ONU OSA OSS POTS PSTN PBX PC P-CSCF PDH PLMN POTS PRA PSTN PVM QoS
Media Resource Server Mean Time Between Failure Message Transfer Part Mean Time To Repair Network Address Translation Next Generation Network Network Management System Network Interface Card Network Management System Network Processing Board Optical Line Terminal Optical Network Unit Open Service Access Operating Support System Plain Old Telephone Service Public Switched Telephone Network Private Branch Exchange Personal Computer Proxy CSCF Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy Public Land Mobile Network Plain Old Telephone Service Primary Rate Access Public Switched Telephone Network Packet Voice Module Quality Of Service
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RAID RM RPB RPR RTP SCF S-CSCF SDH SG SGW SHLR SIP SMB SNMP SPB SQL STM-1 SYS STM-1 TDM TCP TFTP TL1 TMG TMN TSS
Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks Resource Manager Resource Processing Board Ring Packet Resilience Real-time Transport Protocol Session Charging Function Serving CSCF Synchronous Digital Hierarchy Signaling Gateway Signaling Gateway Smart Home Location Register Session Initiated Protocol System Management Board Simple Network Management Protocol Service Processing Board Structured Query Language Synchronous Transfer Mode 1 System Management Board Synchronous Transfer Mode 1 Time Division Multiplexing Transmission Control Protocol Trivial File Transfer Protocol Transaction Language 1 Trunk Media Gateway Telecommunications Management Network Test Board
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UMS UDP UMG URL VoIP VPN VoIP VPN VSP VSU VVR WAN XML
U-SYS Management System User Datagram Protocol Universal Media Gateway Uniform Resource Locator Voice Over IP Virtual Private Network Voice Over IP Virtual Private Network Voice-band Signal Processing Board Voice-band Signal Unit Veritas Volume Replication Wide Area Network Extensible Mark-up Language
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