POWER LINE CARRIER COMMUNICATION

At

RAJASTHAN RAJYA VIDYUT PRASARAN NIGAM LTD.

A Practical training report Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the Degree of Bachelor of Technology To Rajasthan Technical University, Kota In Electronics & Communication Engineering

Submitted By: Mr. Naveen Kumar

Submitted to: Mr. Vikas Tiwari H.O.D (ECE)

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING SIDDHI VINAYAK COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & HIGHER EDUCATION, ALWAR

SESSION: 2011-2012

CERTIFICATE

Acknowledgement
We wish to place on record our most sincere gratitude & sincere thanks for the training and making this training report to respected Mr.S.K.Arora and Mr. Deepak Sharma. Not with standing this commitments he was a great source at inspiration and extremely valued guidance and helping us to our come all hurdles in the fulfillments of our goals. Persistence spells success and carried at last but not least. We are thankful to those who had been of great help during our training period. On the completion of my training I would like to express my sincere thanks to all those who have guided, advised, inspired & supported me during my training at RAJASTHAN RAJYA VIDYUT PRASARAN NIGAM LTD. I would extend my sincere thanks to Mr. S.K. Arora (A.En) & Mr. Deepak Sharma (J.En) for all academic facilities and practical lab extended for the completion of the training. I am greatly indebted to everyone who has helped me in one way or other towards the completion of the training. Above all I must and do thank God Almighty from the depth of my heart for being with me giving hope, confidence and courage to get the task accomplished in time.

Date: _____________ Place: Alwar Naveen Kumar

PREFACE
Electricity board is used to distribute the electricity to various stations & substations. If there is some faults occour or if we want to communicate between two stations or substations normal telephone facility cant be suitable for this purpose, as in this type of facility the system cant work properly at the time of busyness. So for this purpose there is a separate department in electricity board i.e. PLCC. PLCC means the power line carrier communication i.e. the communication through the power lines. So we can say that no separate wires are needed for communication purpose as the power lines themselves carry power as well as communication signals. Im happy to have been associated with PLCC and with effort to make this report for the first time on my own.

CONTENTS Chapter no
1. 1.1 2. 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.1.4 2.1.5 2.2 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.2.4 2.2.5 3. 3.1

Particulars
Introduction of PLCC Communication system in PLCC Equipment Outdoor equipment Line trap Capacitor voltage transformer (CVT) Line matching unit (LMU) Balancing Transformer (BT) HF cable Indoor equipment EPAX Carrier terminal Battery charger Lighting Arrestor PLCC Cabinet Modes of coupling to power line Phases to Ground Coupling

Page no.
1 2 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 7 8 8

3.2 3.3 3.4 4.

Two-Phase coupling Phase to Phase Coupling Inter Phase Coupling E T I PANEL CARRIER SET POWER SUPPLY

8 8 8

9 9 9 10 10 11 11 11 14 14 15 16 18 18 18

4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 5. 5.1 5.2 5.2.1 5.2.2 5.3. 5.4 5.5 5.5.1 5.5.2

TRANSMITTER RECEIVER AF MULTIPLEXER ETI 21 ADDITIONAL PARTS Essential units of a power line Coupling Capacitor Wave trap Features of wave trap CONSTRUCTION Line matching unit (LMU) Battery charger Float charger Circuit description Control circuit

5.5.3 5.6 5.6.1 5.6.2 5.6.3 6. 7. 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.6.1 7.6.2 7.6.3 7.6.4 8.

Alarm circuit associated with flot charger Boost charger section Circuit description Alarm associated to the boost charger Operation of charger Coupling equipment EPAX Power supply card Central processing card Digital switch card (DSWIC card) Line interface circuit (LIC) E & M Trunk and Interface Card (EMTIC) Digital optional card (DOPT) Party Conference Circuit 4 DTMF transmitters 3 DTMF receivers Paging amplifier circuit Equipment description

19 20 20 20 20 21 22 22 22 23 23 25 25 26 26 26 26 27

8.1

General description of ETI equipment

27

8.1.1

The low frequency multiplex section

27

8.1.2

Carrier frequency section

27

9.

TELEPHONE, TELEOPERATION AND ALARM FACILITIES 9.1 9.2 9.3 Modes of operation Telephone facilities Compressor and expander (Commander) 29 29 29 29

9.3.1 9.3.2 10. 10.1 10.2 11.

4 Wire Hand/Emergency Call Service Telephone Advantage and Disadvantage Advantages Disadvantages Maintained and fault tracing procedure Conclusion Appendix Reference

30 30 31 31 31 33 34 35 36