Drug Study NAME OF THE DRUG Generic Name: Omeprazole Brand Name: Prisolec DOSAGE Adult: 20mg PO once

a day MECHANISM OF ACTION Gastric acid-pump inhibitor: Suppresses gastric acid secretion by specific inhibition of the hydrogenpotassium ATPase enzyme system at the secretory surface of the gastric parietal cells; blocks the final step of acid production. INDICATIONS Short-term treatment of active duodenal ulcer; Firstline therapy in treatment of heartburn or symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD); Shortterm treatment of active benign gastric ulcer; GERD, severe erosive esophagitis, poorly responsive symptomatic GERD; Long-term therapy: Treatment of pathologic hypersecretory conditions (ZollingerEllison syndrome, multiple adenomas, systemic mastocytosis); Eradication of H. pylori with CONTRAINDICATIONS Contraindicated with hypersensitivity to omeprazole or its components; Use cautiously with pregnancy, lactation. ADVERSE EFFECTS CNS: Headache , dizziness, asthenia, vertigo, insomnia, apathy, anxiety, paresthesias, dream abnormalities Dermatologic: Rash, inflammation, urticaria, pruritus, alopecia, dry skin GI: Diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, constipation, dry Advise patient to avoid alcohol, products containing aspirin or NSAIDs, and foods that may cause an increase in GI irritation NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES Observe patients vital signs Administer doses before meals, preferably in the morning. Capsules should be swallowed whole; do not crush or chew. Capsules may be opened and sprinkled on cool applesauce, entire mixture should be ingested immediately and followed by a drink of water. Do not store for future use. May cause occasional drowsiness or dizziness. Caution patient to avoid driving or other activities requiring alertness until response to medication isknown.

amoxicillin or metronidazole and clarithromycin; Prilosec OTC: Treatment of frequent heartburn (2 or more days per wk); Unlabeled use: Posterior laryngitis; enhance efficacy of pancreatin for the treatment of steatorrhea in cystic fibrosis

mouth, tongue atrophy

NAME OF THE DRUG Generic Name: Lactulose Brand Name: Cephulac Chronulac Movelax Lilac

MECHANISM OF ACTION Reduces blood ammonia; appears to involve metabolism of lactose to organic acids by resident intestinal bacteria. Acidifies colon contents,

INDICATIONS Constipation, salmonellosis. Treatment of hepatic encephalopathy

CONTRAINDICATIONS Patient who require allow lactose diet. Galactosemia deficiency. Intestinalobstruction.

ADVERSE EFFECTS GI: Flatulence , borborygmi belching, abdominal cramps, pain, and distention (initial dose); diarrhea (excessive dose); nausea, vomiting, colon

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES Assess condition before therapy and reassess regularly there after to monitordrugs effectiveness Monitor pt for any adverse GI reactions,nausea,vomit ing,diarrhea,

DOSAGE Adult: 30cc BID

which retards diffusion of nonionic ammonia (NH3) from colon to blood while promoting its migration from blood to colon. In the acidic colon, NH3 is converted to nonabsorbable ammonium ions (NH4) and is then expelled in feces by laxative action. Decreased blood ammonia in a patient with hepatic encephalopathy is marked by improved EEG patterns and mental state (clearing of confusion, apathy, and irritation). Osmotic effect of organic acids causes laxative

accumulation of hydrogen gas; hypernatremia

Assess for adverse Reactions for pt. with hepatic encelopathy: regularly assess mental condition Monitor Input and output Monitor for Inc. glucose level in diabetic patients.

action, which moves water from plasma to intestines, softens stools, and stimulates peristalsis by pressure from water content of stool.