TRAINING MODULE WITH GALYAT AS MICRO CASE STUDY

By : Khadija Jamal Ashraf Shanjer

CONSULTANTS GROUP
architecture planning engineering development studies 7-C, 21st Commercial Street, Phase II Ext., D.H.A.

Karachi, Pakistan Tel : (92-21) 5889951, 5894058 Fax : (92-21) 5894056

Preamble
After discussions at the workshop in September at Nepal where the Consultants presented his initial training frame work, the outline proposed by Consultants Group has been expanded. This now carries the course topic outlines and the time table for training. The training will take place in the field for maximum exposure and interaction. The format encourages maximum participation and exchange. The case study document will provide the matter as an illustration of the topics which can also be explained in the field. Thus the outline topics proposed have can even be used for training in other case study areas with case presentation prepared from the respective documents. The Training Modules are for Policy Makers, Programme Designers and Implementers, Community and Visitors who are involved and are stakeholders in Mountain Tourism Development.

1.

For Policy Makers

"Choose not for anyone what you do not choose for yourself" Persian Proverb

Introduction
Policy-making can be the cutting edge in solving today's problems tomorrow and warding off tomorrow's problems before they have a chance to exist. Policy proposals are often the articulation of new insights and vision about the role of government, a means of defining emergent values, and the process by which options are presented for scrutiny by stakeholders. Policies are often defined as "Statement of Intent". But intentions don't always translate into actions and outcomes. What is important are direction and results.

Relationship Strategies

between

Goals,

Policies

and

Goals are statements that describe desired future conditions worthy of community effort and commitment. They reflect need, focus on results

and call commitment.

for

human

and

material

resource

Policies are formal positions to support the implementation of goals. They state what the government intends to do. They are deliberate acts by those who possess the responsibility for making decision that will produce anticipated results. Policies make goals legal and sanction government courses of action. They lead to the development of strategies to carry out the goals. Strategies are means used to accomplish goals and implement policies. Strategies should encompass a wide range of alternatives to get programmes and projects implemented. They should consider the use of nongovernmental approaches, utilising the private sector, non-profit agencies and community based organisations. Rather than be caught up in terminologies, what is important is to understand the sequence of events and where policy-making fits into the sequence. First is awareness and insight into needs and then is the vision of what can be done and how it can be done. Not all policy-making is productive, neither it is appreciated by those it is designed to serve nor are all noble in its intents. Not all policymaking is forward-looking-sometimes it reflects backward planning. Nevertheless, policy-making is central to elected leadership and deserves the best thoughts and actions. Policy is the machinery of governance.

Purpose

The workshop is designed to inform participants about the nature of government policies related to tourism in Hindu Kush - Himalaya environment. It is aimed at creating means of developing policies in pursuing Tourism in Mountainous areas for local community development and explaining means of policy establishment for sustainable tourism development through government institution, NGOs and communities. Participants who will complete this workshop will understand the importance of policy-making as a deliberate process and the consequence of governance by unintentional policy. The workshop would assist the policy-makers in appreciating the various aspects and develop policies through dialogues. Since the issues are cross-sectoral such as tourism (eco-tourism), forests, wildlife and environment/ landscape and socio-economic development the participants would be varied. This would be a 15 hours workshop/training forum. The participants would be from Ministry of Tourism, STC, Ministry of Environment Pakistan Environment Council, Wildlife Department and Social Welfare Department - Ministry of Finance. Training Time Venue Participants : : : 15 hours spread over two days Nathiagali 14 Persons

The participants will arrive in Nathiagali on Day 1 by 9:30 a.m. The course would comprise of lectures, field visits, workshop discussions and presentations. The participants will depart by 1800hrs on Day 2.

Content Outlines

The course will have the following topics : 1. Orientation on Tourism and Local Development Employment generation Environmental preservation Communication networks (road, transport & others) Accommodation and other facilities / infrastructure Maximising linkages between tourism and local development Minimising leakages of benefits and returns Information dissemination and marketing Policy making for tourism development benefits to the community : Sustainable mountain tourism Concept of carrying capacity Long term vs short term policies Translating policies / strategies programmes and projects Institutional and sectoral coordination Public agencies coordination Public and Private sector NGOs and CBOs Relating issues to policies Preservation of nature/environment Firewood/alternate source of energy Environmentally friendly policies Critical resources - human, financial, institutional and natural Linkage: Tourism and community development Monitoring of activities and

2.

to

3.

4.

TRAINING EXERCISES

Day 1
10.00 a.m. 10.30 a.m.

12.00 p.m.

Introduction of participants over tea Orientation on Tourism and Local Development. Questions and Discussions Warm-up exercise : Reflection
Participants would reflect on their own experiences with similar policies that have been enacted or should have been enacted and the impact.

12:45 p.m.

Lunch Policy making for development and benefits community Quiz for Policy Makers tourism to the

01.30 p.m.

02.45 p.m.

Participants could identify from a list the policies, goals, problems and strategies first working alone and then in small group to compare results.
03.45 p.m. 04.00 p.m. 05.30 p.m. 06.30 p.m.

Tea Field Visit Rest Case Study

Participants read a case situation and working in small group, identify the problems, goals, policies and strategies implied by the situation.
08.30 p.m.

Dinner

Day 2
09.30 a.m. 10.45 a.m.

Institutional and coordination questions Tea

sectoral

11.00 a.m. 12.00 p.m.

Relating issues to policies Skill practice exercise

Working in small groups, participants will discuss problems each of them has in their department/ministry and with reference to lectures, and write a goal statement, policy statement and one or more strategies for achieving the goal.

01.00 p.m. 02.00 p.m.

Lunch Skill transfer exercise

Participants reflect on what they have learned and make personal commitments to put it to use after the workshop.
03.00 p.m.

Closing Remarks

2.

Programme Managers and Implementers

"Think like a man of action and act like a man of thoughts" Henri Bergson.

Introduction
Implementation means to carry out, accomplish, produce, fulfill, complete, maintain and operate. Implementation is doing what was said would be done in policies and plans. Implementation doesn't just happen. It must be managed aggressively and continuously. The key managerial roles that support implementation are : 1) Decision to assure that inappropriate unnecessary projects and programmes are brought on line in the first place. and not

2) 3)

Human resource development and Institutional capacity to assure trained and motivated staff. Resource management, making available adequate funds, time, personnel, materials and equipments to implement.

The role of programme managers and implementers therefore is perhaps four fold, in broader terms, enabler, facilitator overseer and financier. Behaviour or act is extremely vital focusing on what managers do and how they behave in given situations. Behaviour is the bottom line of management. Which role does the manager want to play : Set I. Figurehead, leader, liaison ? Set II. Monitor, disseminator, spokesperson ? Set III. Entrepreneur, Disturbance handler, resource allocater, negotiator? For successful implementation, managers may have to "get their hands dirty" by learning and applying technical skills that aren't in the formal management curriculum. The key elements are to diminish the gap between policy and ground reality and therefore be involved in the planning and development of programme/initiative; availability of adequate resource; set up monitoring and evaluation systems as efficiency and effectiveness are important benchmarks for determining performance.

Purpose
The workshop participants has been with an designed to provide understanding of

implementation programmes and projects related to Mountain tourism and socio-economic development of the communities. It will bring into focus the aspect of feasibility for interchangeable roles and explore creative and innovative methods of programme management and implementation. The training workshop will discuss issues of tourism carrying capacity, participating and sustainable approaches involvement of private sector and inter-agency coordination.

Participation
Managers and implementers of tourism related activities. This would be a group having association with different programmes of tourism in public or private sector Possibly a 2-3 day workshop. The group of trainees would be from the various departments having presence in the field. Training Time Venue Participants : : : 35 hours spread over four days Nathiagali 28 Persons

The participants will arrive an evening before the course commencement. The course would comprise of lectures, discussions, field visits and workshop.

Content Outlines
The course will having the following outline. 1. Role of Programme Planners and Implementers

2.

Orientation on Tourism and Local Development Mountain tourism what it means to local community Sustainable tourism development Working with communities and participatory approach towards mountain tourism development Tourism asset assessment Carrying capacity assessment Mobilization of resources Development of Tourism Products Infrastructure Grounds Creation of magnets Accommodation Communication Water supply and sanitation Garbage and waste and

3.

4.

Resource and Linkages Creation and Management Identification and quantification of critical resources: human, financial and Institutional Means and tools of resource management Institutional linkages Sectoral linkages and coordination Management of resources and production of local level Fund generation Information inventory Tourism assets Tourism concerns and ownership Socio-economic condition of the area

5.

6.

Investment opportunities Community's role in tourism development

Benefits to Local Community Increased per capita expenditure of tourist Development of local products Presentation of nature and introducing the concept of eco-tourism Local ownership of production system Linkage between tourism and other sectors Project definition for resource turnaround in the area Local Institutions and Participation Decision Making Local development agencies NGOs CBOs Women's voice in

7.

8.

Planning and Feedback Project design Project Implementation Maintaining Feedback Improvement Day 1 09.30 a.m. Introduction of participants 10.00 a.m. Role of Programme Planners Implementers
11.00 a.m. 11.15 a.m. 12:45 p.m.

and Local

Tea

Warm-up Exercise

Orientation on Tourism Development questions

and

Participants are asked to find solution to a puzzle to demonstrate that problems can be solved in many ways by moving outside the mind-set. This will reflect on all aspects such as negotiating,

facilitating, overseeing and funding.

01.30 p.m. 02.30 p.m. 04.00 p.m. 04.15 p.m. 06.00 p.m.

Lunch Development of Tourism Products and Infrastructure questions Tea Site Visit Tea

Day 2
09.30 a.m.

Warm-up Exercise

Peoples representatives interaction with people - Debate / Discussion 10.00 a.m. Resource and linkage creation and management questions
11.30 a.m. 11.45 a.m. 01.30 p.m. 02.30 p.m. 04.00 p.m. 05:30 p.m. 06:00 p.m.

Tea

Case Study Presentation - Role Playing Exercise

Lunch

Information Inventory questions benefits to Local Communities questions

Tea Game Exercise

Simulate a game to see the difference between people's real expression and that of the perception of programme implementor
08:00 p.m.

Dinner

Day 3
09:30 a.m. 10:30 a.m. 12:00 p.m. 01:30 p.m. 02:30 p.m. 04:00 p.m. 04:15 p.m.

Site Visit Tea at site

Local Institutes and Participants Discussion meeting questions in

Lunch

Planning and Feedback questions

Tea Exercise
Working

in

small

groups

for

problem

solving on pre-determined issue of Mountain Tourism Development-Nathiagali

05:30 p.m. 05:45 p.m.

Tea

Exercise Continues

Day 4
09:30 a.m. 10:30 a.m. 11:30 a.m. 12:00 p.m. 01:30 p.m. 02:30 p.m.

Tea and preparation for presentation Presentation by the groups to policy makers and communities

Tea Presentation Continues Lunch Skill Transfer Exercise

Participants reflect on what they have learned and make personal commitments to put it to use after the workshop
04:30 p.m.

Tea and disperse

3.

Community Workers and Activists

"While we consider when to begin, it becomes too late" Latin Proverb.

Introduction
Community are the main stakeholders. Tourism development may or may not impact them directly. Though any investment or development in this area must benefit them without a doubt, it is a case of being organised and be aware of the needs, be sure of what is beneficial to them and what impacts the development projects have in their environment/landscape, income, social sector development and tradition/culture. Training women groups or activists in management and participants in dialogues regarding development in their area is quite essential. In this case it is necessary first to inform men and raise an awareness among them of the benefits of involving women. That it is not anti religion anti culture and neither is it a threat to the power of men. In the many investment programmes planned by the government, the communities are usually absent from the planning and delivery of service. It is therefore important for them to have the opportunity for being the central elements in terms of beneficiaries. The community requires technical, management and to some extent financial support.

Purpose
The workshop aims to inform the community on the aspects of tourism development and impact on their environment, economy, and quality of life. It

shall raise the need for community mobilisation and participation of in micro-level decision making.

Participation
Community activists, CBOs, women activists. Workshop to be held in the local environment. Training Time Venue Participants : : : 30 hours spread over five days Nathiagali 40 Persons

The community will live in their own houses and gather for training every day by 10:00 a.m.

Content Outline
The course will have the following outline. 1. Orientation to Mountain Tourism and Development Tourist magnets Community development's link with Tourism Development. Tourism products Resource utilisation Role of Institutions Concept Awareness Types of effects of tourism Eco tourism Leakages Sustainable tourism development Community involvement Benefits to the area (Transferable intangible) O&M

2.

and

3.

Problems Constraints and Issues The three tiered culture Physical Social Culture Economic Technical Community and public sector partnership Conservation of nature Environmental friendly interventions Appreciating Carrying Capacity Environment Socio-economic Institutional Critical resources : human, natural

4.

financial,

5.

Technology and Development Social acceptance (attitudinal change) Cost evaluation (social, financial, environmental, long term, short term) Local innovations Entrepreneurial Skill Development Street smartness Investment options Product development Marketing Community Organisation and Management Mobilisation - men & women Organisational benefits Management tools Monitoring and improvement

6.

7.

Day 1
10.00 a.m. 11.00 a.m. 11.15 a.m. 01.00 p.m. 02.00 p.m.

Introduction of participants Objective of Training

Tea

Orientation on Mountain Development. Questions

Tourism

and

Lunch Exercise

Discussion on local problems and release of pent-up frustrations against authorities

03.00 p.m.

Visit to Tourism Site

Day 2
10.00 a.m. 11.00 a.m. 11.15 a.m. 01.00 p.m. 02.00 p.m. 03.00 p.m.

Discussion on field visit

Tea

Concept Awareness.

Lunch

Questions

Problems constraints and issues

Visit Site

Day 3
10.00 a.m. 11.00 a.m. 11.15 a.m. 01.00 p.m. 02.00 p.m. 03.00 p.m.

Appreciating Questions

carrying

capacity. to

Tea

Working groups seeking responses lectures 2 and 3 and the site visits

Lunch Tea

Presentation by working groups

Day 4
10.00 a.m. 11.30 a.m. 11.45 a.m.

Technology and Development. Questions

Tea

Entrepreneur Questions

skill

development.

01.00 p.m. 02.00 p.m.

Lunch Game Puzzle

Game playing on puzzle of moving around a maize and overcoming the obstruction in accomplishing programme to one's benefit.

03.30 p.m.

Tea

Day 5
10.00 a.m. 11.30 a.m. 11.45 a.m.

Community Organisation and Management

Tea Exercise : Role Playing Lunch Exercise

Two groups - community and Implementers dialogue.

01.00 p.m. 02.00 p.m.

Identifying projects of benefit to the area in the context of tourism in groups. Check for commonalties and then let the groups reach a consensus on priorities.
03.30 p.m. 04:00 p.m.

Tea Skill Transfer

Participants reflect on what they have learned and make personal commitments to put it to use after the workshop.

Note : This would be tried with men and women groups.

4.

VISITORS

The visitors coming to Nathiagali at present, are limited. The aim is to attract visitors interested in nature and spending time in the natural environment while respecting nature. Participants: Tourists / Visitors Time:3 hours 1. 2. 3. 4. Information Dissemination about Nathiagali Tourism Assets Respecting the Environment Community and Tourism