EGYPTIAN REPEAT GIT 2012

1. Give a short account on origin and branches of the superior mesenteric artery? (4marks) 2. Discuss the main 3 sites of porto-systemic anastomosis.Mention the veins sharing in their formation? (4marks ) 3. Give an account on the content of the rectus sheath ? (3marks) 4. Give a short note on the development of the stomach. Name two of its congenital anomalies. (3marks) 5. Enumerate the different types of lingual papillae in human. Compare between the two types containing taste buds (2marks) 6. Mention the histological changes occurring at the gasto-eosophageal junction ( 2marks) 7. *Refer to questions paper for the diagram. The vascular side of a hepatocyte is shown in this diagram. (2marks) a) Indentify the structures labeled 1,2 and 3 b) Mention the function of the area marked 2 and enumerate its contents. 8. Discuss: a) Functions of salivary secretion (4marks) b) Regulation of pancreatic secretion ( 4marks) c) Factors affecting intestinal absorption (2marks) 9. Enumerate (1mark each) a) Phospholipases b) Endopeptidases c) Causes of lactose intolerance 10. A female patient, 12 years old prescribed to the outpatient clinic with abdominal colic. She described the stool by being soft and greasy. Stool examination revealed oval cysts. (5marks) a) What is the causative parasitic agent? b) Describe the stage responsible for this clinical condition. Comment on the pathogenesis. c) Mention the drugs of choice 11. Describe the naked eye appearance and the parasitic stage found in the following (5mraks) a) Stool sample in infection with Isospora belli

b) Aspiration of amoebic liver abscess 12. Enteric fever is one of the public health problems in our country. Discuss the laboratory diagnosis of a suspected case of enteric fever in the first week (3.5marks) 13. Enumerate viruses causing hepatitis. Describe these viruses regarding the length of incubation period, route of transmission, and progression of infection to chronicity. (3.5marks) 14. Recommend 2 drugs with different mechanism of action that can be used in the prophylaxis of NSAIDs induced peptic ulcer. Explain their mechanisms of action. (2marks) 15. Outline treatment regimen for the following forms of amoebic infection. (1mark) a) Asymptomatic cyst passer b) Amoebic colitis 16. Define Prokinetics, mention 2 of their clinical uses (2marks) 17. Discuss gastric peptic ulcer as regards (causes & microscopic picture) (3marks) 18. Discuss the pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis. (2marks) 19. Discuss the risk of malignant transformation in adenomatous polyps. (3marks) 20. Explain the development of splenomegaly in a patient with bilharziasis (2marks)