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MOEF stipulates
Minimum land Safe design of dyke No breach/failure No leachates- liner Effluent discharge TSS less than 100ppm Control of Fugitive dust
INVESTIGATIONS are taken up after site selection Sub soil exploration & Geo Hydrological studies Access suitability & availability of soil Type of section Sub soil characteristics
TYPE OF SECTION and METHOD of CONSTRUCTION
Design
Stable slopes Internal drainage
Drainage Media
( Sand Chimney & Sand Blanket)
Design Consideration
Ash dyke is designed as an earthen embankment. For safe design seepage is trained from bottom of dyke by provision of filter media i.e. sand chimney + blanket.
Function
To avoid damage to d/s slope by seepage water To keep d/s part of embankment in dry condition & to increase FOS. To avoid piping To reduce the pore water pressure To have phreatic line in a predetermined path.
Precautions
During construction, continuity of sand blanket & chimney shall be ensured. Appropriate thickness of sand blanket & chimney shall be maintained. Proper exit to seepage water shall be ensured. There shall not be any blockage or choking on rock toe & Toe drain.
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WATER LOGGING LEADS TO SLOUGHING WILL WEAKEN THE BASE LOSS OF SHEAR STRENGTH REDUCE PASSIVE RESISTANCE WILL REDUCE FoS WILL TRIGGER THE SLIDING FAILURE
Before saturation
During saturation
Cleavages & split seen on cores
24 hours of saturation
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Control Measure
NATU
RAL W ATER
BODY
DISCHARGE CHANNEL
SPILLWAY
OVERFLOW LAGOON
WATER ESCAPE STRUCTURE
*
STORAGE LAGOON-I STORAGE LAGOON-II
ASH FILLING SHALL BE CARRIED OUT NEAR THE WATER ESCAPE IN THE INITIAL PERIODS
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Monitoring dykes
reacting quickly to inadequate performance or to danger signals is a continuing critical aspect for dyke safety.
Instrumentation
data will fore tell of any abnormal behavior quick response to abnormal behavior can prevent failures in many cases.
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Location of Piezometers
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Basic Principle
Buried Pipe
Field Operation
Conclusions.
Water logging in and around the dyke - not desirable for safety of the dyke excess pore pressure leads to slippage of slopes/piping there is need to detect seepage path along the dyke instead of discrete locations
GPR - Quick assessment of seepage path in non-destructive manner
GPR - Helps in prediction of seepage path in ash dyke indicating the behavior of dyke.
Highly effective for R&M Projects. Recommended as a tool for dyke inspection, monitoring and maintenance
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SUSTAINING GROWTH
BACK UP SLIDES
Depth Determination
Water Recirculation
WATER RECIRCULATION ASH PIPE LINE TO PLANT TAPPING FOR RECIRCULATION
NATU
RAL WA
TER BO DY
DISCHARGE CHANNEL
SPILLWAY
DYKE ALIGNMENT
OVERFLOW LAGOON
WATER ESCAPE STRUCTURE
*
STORAGE LAGOON-I STORAGE LAGOON-II
ASH FILLING SHALL BE CARRIED OUT NEAR THE WATER ESCAPE IN THE INITIAL PERIODS
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NATU
RAL WA TER BO DY
DISCHARGE CHANNEL
SPILLWAY
OVERFLOW LAGOON
WATER ESCAPE STRUCTURE
*
STORAGE LAGOON-I STORAGE LAGOON-II
ASH FILLING SHALL BE CARRIED OUT NEAR THE WATER ESCAPE IN THE INITIAL PERIODS
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RAMAGUNDAM
D.N.NARESH PE-Civil
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WATER LOGGING
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BASIC FEATURES
TO BE DESIGNED for MOST CRITICAL CONDITIONS. ENSURE FoS AGAINST THE ULTIMATE LOADS WHICH THE STRUCTURE IS LIKELY TO FAIL
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