Sandra Enn Bahinting

Homework 2

1. Consider the problem of coquette flow between parallel plates for a non-newtonian fluid. ( )

Assuming constant pressure and temperature, solve for the velocity distribution u(y) between the plates for a)n<1 and b) n>1. Plot the velocity profile. Compare with the Newtonian solution Solution: NON-NEWTONIAN Conservation of momentum at x-direction:

Assumptions are follows: Flow is infinite in the x-z plane and steady: Steady-state:

No flow in z direction:

Constant Velocity:

Boundary conditions: ( ( Simplifying the momentum equation: ) ) ( ( ) )

Where

( )

Substituting the said equation to the simplified momentum equation we have;

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

( ) Boundary conditions:

) (

( ( Since pressure is constant, ( ) ( )

) )

) ( )

Therefore, ( ) NEWTONIAN Conservation of momentum at x-direction:

Assumptions are follows: Flow is infinite in the x-z plane and steady: Steady-state:

No flow in z direction:

Constant Velocity:

Boundary conditions: ( ( Simplifying the momentum equation: ) ) ( ( ) )

Where

( )

Substituting the said equation to the simplified momentum equation we have; ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Boundary conditions: ( ( Since pressure is constant, ( ) ( ) ( ) ) ) ( ) ; n=1

Therefore, ( )

This shows that given the same the set of assumptions and conditions the Non-newtonian and Newtonian have the same the velocity distribution. Furthermore, the plot for the velocity profile would be same.

1.5

Y h

1 0.5 0 0 -0.5 -1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 Series1

Linear velocity profile

u(y)

2. Stokes drag on a sphere a. Obtain BSL Equation (2.6-9) from BSL Equation (2.6-7) b. Obtain BSL Equation (2.6-12) from BSL Equation (2.6-10) Solution: a.
( )

[ (

Eqn. 2.6-7

where

and the normal stress

is zero at r=R

( )

[ (

( )

 Let

Let =

( )

( )

( )

( )

Eqn. 2.6-9

b.

( )

) =

The shear stress distribution on the sphere surface,

( )

Eqn. 2.6-10

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

Eqn. 2.6-12

3. A sphere of specific gravity 7.8 is dropped into an oil of specific gravity of 0.88 and viscosity = 0.15 Pa-sec. Estimate the terminal velocity of the sphere if its diameter is a. 0.1 mm b. 1 mm c. 10 mm Which of these is creeping motion? Solution: Equation for terminal velocity is given in equation 2. 6-17 ( )

Substituting the values for each variable in the equation above, we have; a. 0.1 mm ( ) ( )

Solving for the Reynolds Number, we obtained;

)(

)(

For b and c, same equations are used for terminal velocity and Reynolds number. b. 1 mm

c. 10 mm

Therefore, it can be said that the 3 spheres having different diameters are the creeping motion. Since these obey the condition for a creeping motion which is to have a Reynolds number that is less than 0.1.