CHAPTER 9 MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE FORM 5

PAPER 2
1. A particle moves in a straight line and passes through a fixed point O, with a velocity of
10 m s
1
. Its acceleration, a m s
2
, t seconds after passing through O is given by . 4 8 t a
The particle stops after k seconds.
(a) Find
(i) the maximum velocity of the particle,
(ii) the value of k. [6 marks]
(b) Sketch a velocity-time graph for k t 0 .
Hence, or otherwise, calculate the total distance travelled during that period.
[4 marks]
2. A particle moves along a straight line from a fixed point R. Its velocity, V m s
1
, is given by

2
2 20 t t V , where t is the time, in seconds, after leaving the point R.
(Assume motion to the right is positive)

Find
(a) the maximum velocity of the particle, [3 marks]
(b) the distance travelled during the 4th second, [3 marks]
(c) the value of t when the particle passes the points R again, [2 marks]
(d) the time between leaving R and when the particle reverses its direction of motion.
[2 marks]
3. The following diagram shows the positions and directions of motion of two objects, A and B,
moving in a straight line passing two fixed points, P and Q, respectively. Object A passes the
fixed point P and object B passes the fixed point Q simultaneously. The distance PQ is 90 m.
The velocity of A,
A
V m s
1
, is given
2
2 8 10 t t V
A
+ , where t is the time, in seconds, after
it passes P while B travels with a constant velocity of - 3 m s
1
. Object A stops
instantaneously
at point M.
(Assume that the positive direction of motion is towards the right.)

Find
(a) the maximum velocity , in, m s
1
, of A, [3 marks]
(b) the distance, in m, of M from P, [4 marks]
(c) the distance, in m, between A and B when A is at the points M. [3 marks]
132
A B
P
M
Q
90 m
CHAPTER 9 MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE FORM 5
4. A particle moves in a straight line and passes through a fixed point O.
Its velocity, v ms
1
, is given by 3 4
2
+ t t v , where t is the time, in seconds, after leaving O .
[Assume motion to the right is positive.]
(a) Find
(i) the initial velocity of the particle,
(ii) the time interval during which the particle moves towards the left,
(iii) the time interval during which the acceleration of the particle is positive.
[5 marks]
(b) Sketch the velocity-time graph of the motion of the particle for 3 0 t .
[2 marks]
(c) Calculate the total distance travelled during the first 3 seconds after leaving O.
[3 marks]
5. A particle moves along a straight line and passes through a fixed point O. Its velocity, v ms
1
,
is given by 15 8
2
+ t t v , where t is the time, in seconds, after passing through O .
[Assume motion to the right is positive.]
Find
(a) the initial velocity, in ms
1
, [1 mark]
(b) the minimum velocity, in ms
1
, [3 marks]
(c) the range of values of t during which the particle moves to the left, [2 marks]
(d) the total distance, in m, travelled by the particle in the first 5 seconds. [4 marks]
6. A particle moves along a straight line and passes through a fixed point O. Its velocity, v ms
1
,
is given by
2
2 8 t t v + , where t is the time, in seconds, after passing through O . The particle
stops instantaneously at point M.
[Assume motion to the right is positive.]
Find
(a) the acceleration, in ms
2
, of the particle at M, [3 marks]
(b) the maximum velocity, in ms
1
, of the particle [3 marks]
(c) the total distance, in m, travelled by the particle in the first 10 seconds, after passing
through O. [4 marks]
133
CHAPTER 9 MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE FORM 5
7. A particle moves along a straight line and passes through a fixed point O, with velocity of
20 ms
1
. Its acceleration, a ms
2
, is given by a = 2t + 8 where t is the time, in seconds,
after passing through point O. The particle stops after k s.
(a) Find:
(i) the maximum velocity of the particle,
(ii) the value of k [6 marks]
(b) Sketch a velocity-time graph of the motion of the particle for k t 0 .
Hence, or otherwise, calculate the total distance travelled during that period.
[4 marks]
8. A particle moves along a straight line. Its velocity, v ms
- 1
, from a fixed point, O, is given by
v = t
2
10t + 24 where t is the time, in seconds, after passing through point O.
[Assume motion to the right is positive.]
Find
(a) the initial velocity of the particle, [1 marks]
(b) the minimum velocity of the particle, [3 marks]
(c) the range of values of t during which the particle moves to the left, [2 marks]
(d) the total distance travelled by the particle in the first 6 seconds. [4 marks]
ANSWERS PAPER 2
134
CHAPTER 9 MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE FORM 5
1. a = 8 4t
V = ( 8-4t ) dt
= c
t
t +
2
4
8
2
= c t t +
2
2 8
1
V = 10, t = 0.
10 = c +
2
) 0 ( 2 ) 0 ( 8
10 = c
V = 10 2 8
2
+ t t
1
a) (i) maximum velocity, a= 0
8 4t = 0
8 = 4t
t = 2 s 1
imum
V
max = 10 ) 2 ( 2 ) 2 ( 8
2
+
= 18 ms
-1
1
(ii) particle stops: V = 0
10 2 8
2
+ t t = 0 1
10 8 2
2
t t = 0
10 4
2
t t = 0
(t + 1)(t 5) = 0
t = 5
k = 5
1
b) V = 10 2 8
2
+ t t

2
Total Distance =

5
0
dt V
=
( ) dt t t

+
5
0
2
10 2 8
=
5
0
3 2
10
3
2
4
1
]
1

+ t t t
1
=
0 ) 5 ( 10 ) 5 (
3
2
) 5 ( 4
3 2
+

135
V
10
18
0 2 5
t
t 0 2 5
V 10 18 0
CHAPTER 9 MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE FORM 5
=
m
3
2
66

1
2. a)
2
20 t t V
t
dt
dV
a 4 20
1
Maximum velocity, a = 0
20 4t = 0
20 = 4t
t = 5 1
V
max
= 20(5) 2(5
2
)
= 50 ms
- 1
1
b)

dt v s

( )

dt t t
2
2 20

c t t +
3 2
3
2
10
s = 0, t = 0 c = 0

3 2
3
2
10 t t s
1

m s t 72 ) 3 (
3
2
) 3 ( 10 ; 3
3 2

m s t
3
1
117 ) 4 (
3
2
) 4 ( 10 ; 4
3 2

1
Distance travelled during the fourth second =
72
3
1
117
m
3
1
45
1
c) At point R again, s = 0
0
3
2
10
3 2
t t

0 )
3
2
10 (
2
t t
1

0
3
2
10 t

10
3
2
t
15 t 1
d) Maximum displacement, V = 0
0 2 20
2
t t
1
0 ) 10 ( 2 t t
10 t
136
CHAPTER 9 MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE FORM 5
Time = 10 seconds 1
3. a)

2
2 8 10 t t V
A
+
t a
A
4 8
1

A
V maximum when 0
A
a
8 4t = 0
8 = 4t
t = 2
1
) 2 ( 2 ) 2 ( 8 10 max
2
+
A
V
= 18 ms
- 1 1
b) Object A at M when 0
A
V
0 2 8 10
2
+ t t
0 10 8 2
2
t t
0 5 4
2
t t
1

( )( ) 0 5 1 + t t
t = 5 1
Distance M from P

5
0
dt v

( )

+
5
0
2
2 8 10 dt t t

5
0
3 2
3
2
4 10
1
]
1

+ t t t
1

0 ) 5 (
3
2
) 5 ( 4 ) 5 ( 10
3 2
+

m
3
2
66
1
c) When t = 5, distance B from Q = v t
= 3 5
= 15 m
1
Distance between A and B =
,
_

15
3
2
66 90
1
=
3
1
8
m #
1
4. a) i) 3 4
2
+ t t v
t = 0, 3 ) 0 ( 4 0
2
+ v
= 3 ms
-1
#
1
ii) particle moves to the left, v < 0
3 4
2
+ t t < 0 1
137
1 3
t
CHAPTER 9 MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE FORM 5

( )( ) 3 1 t t
< 0
1 < t < 3 # 1
iii) 3 4
2
+ t t v

4 2 t
dt
dv
a
1
a is positive, a > 0
2t 4 > 0
2t > 0
t > 2 # 1
b)
3 4
2
+ t t v
t 0 1 3
v 3 0 0
2
c)
Total distance =

+
3
1
1
0
dt v dt v
=
( )

+ + +
1
0
3
1
2 2
) 3 4 ( 3 4 dt t t dt t t
=
3
1
2
3
1
0
2
3
3 2
3
3 2
3
1
]
1

+ +
1
]
1

+ t t
t
t t
t
1
=
[ ]

,
_

1
]
1

+ + +
1
]
1

+ 3 2
3
1
9 18 9 3 2
3
1
1
=
3
1
1
3
1
1 +
= 2
3
2
m #
1
5. a) 15 8
2
+ t t v

1 2
15 15 ) 0 ( 8 0 , 0

+ ms v t #
1
b) 15 8
2
+ t t v

8 2 t
dt
dv
a
1
When
, 0
dt
dv
2t 8 = 0
2t = 8
138
v
3
0 1 3
t
CHAPTER 9 MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE FORM 5
t = 4 1

When t = 4, v
min
= 4
2
8(4) + 15 = - 1 ms
-1
# 1
c) Particle moves to the left, v < 0
0 15 8
2
< + t t
( )( ) 0 5 3 < t t 1
3 < t < 5 1
d)
Total distance =

+
5
3
3
0
dt v dt v
=
( )

+ + +
3
0
5
3
2 2
) 15 8 ( 15 8 dt t t dt t t
1
=
5
3
2
3
3
0
2
3
15 4
3
15 4
3
1
]
1

+ +
1
]
1

+ t t
t
t t
t
1
=
[ ] [ ]

,
_

+
1
]
1

+ + + 45 36 9 75 100
3
125
45 36 9
1
=
18
3
2
16 18 +
= 19
3
1
m #
1
6. a) v =
2
2 8 t t +
When v = 0,
2
2 8 t t + = 0
8 2
2
t t = 0
(t + 2) (t 4) = 0
t = 4
1
a =
dt
dv
= 2 2t
1
At M, a = 2 2(4)
= 6 ms
2
# 1
b) Maximum velocity, a = 0
2 2t = 0 1
2 = 2t
t = 1 1
When t = 1 ; v imum max = 8 + 2(1) 1
= 9 ms
1
#
1
c) Total distance,
s = v dt
=
2
2 8 t t + dt
= c
t
t t + +
3
8
3
2
1
139
3 5
t
CHAPTER 9 MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE FORM 5
When t = 0, s = 0 c = 0
s =
3
8
3
2
t
t t +
1
s 4 t =
3
4
4 ) 4 ( 8
3
2
+ =
3
2
26
m
s
10 t
=
3
10
10 ) 10 ( 8
3
2
+ =
3
1
153
m
1
Total distance in the first 10 seconds
=
3
1
153 )
3
2
26 ( 2 +
=
3
2
206
m #
1
7. a) i) a = 2t + 8
V = 2t + 8 dt
= c t t + + 8
2
1
When t = 0, V = 20 :
20 = c t t + + 8
2
20 = 0
V = 20 8
2
+ + t t
1
When maximum velocity, a = 0
- 2t + 8= 0
2t = 8
t = 4 1

V imum max = 20 ) 4 ( 8 ) 4 (
2
+ +
= 36 ms
1
#
1
(ii) Particle stops, V = 0
20 8
2
+ + t t = 0
20 8
2
t t = 0
(t + 2)(t 10) = 0
t = 10
k = 10
1
b) V = 20 8
2
+ + t t
t 0 4 10
140
t = 0
0
m m
t = 4
t = 10
V
36
20
0
4 10 t
CHAPTER 9 MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE FORM 5
V 2
0
3
6
0
2
Distance = ( 20 8
2
+ + t t ) dt
=
10
0
2
3
] 20 4
3
[ t t
t
+ +
1
= ) 10 ( 20 ) 10 ( 4
3
10
2
3
+ + 0
=
3
2
266
m #
1
8. a) v = 24 10
2
+ t t
When t = 0, initial velocity,
v = 24 ) 0 ( 10 0
2
+
= 24 ms
1
#
1
b)
a =
dt
dv
= 2t 10 1
When minimum velocity, a = 0
2t -10 = 0
t = 5 1
v imum max = 24 ) 5 ( 10 5
2
+
= 1 ms
1
#
1
c) When moves to the left, v < 0
24 10
2
+ t t < 0
( t 4 )( t 6 ) < 0
1
4 < t < 6 1
d) Distance, s = ( 24 10
2
+ t t ) dt
=
c t t t + + 24 5
3
1
2 3
1
When t = 0, s = 0 c = 0
141
4 6
t
CHAPTER 9 MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE FORM 5
s =
t t t 24 5
3
1
2 3
+
1
t = 0, s = 0
t = 4, s =
) 4 ( 24 ) 4 ( 5 ) 4 (
3
1
2 3
+
=
3
1
37
m
t = 6, s =
) 6 ( 24 ) 6 ( 5 ) 6 (
3
1
2 3
+
= 36 m
1
Total distance travelled during the first 6 seconds
=
3
1
37
+
3
1
37
36
=
3
2
38
m #
1
142
t = 0
36
m
t = 4
0
t = 6