Technical bulletin

Features
Suitable for all distribution voltages Flexible application 5KV pilot insulation Selectable half wave or full wave connection mode Low CT burden Pilot wire Send & Receive supervision relays available 15KV isolation transformers available Two sensitivity settings High stability for through faults Fast clearance of in-zone faults Low phase & earth fault settings Compact 4M28 draw out case Made in Australia

Pilot Wire Differential Relay

2C82

Application
The 2C82 is a high-speed feeder protection relay based on the differential circulating current principal. It is designed to operate over two core pilots using either a half wave or full wave connection mode. A standard resistance is required for the relay to operate correctly. This standard resistance is achieved by adding padding resistors in each relay at each end of the scheme. The secondary of the feeder CT's are fed to a summation transformer within the relay, which provides a single-phase quantity output for use over the pilot wires. Under healthy conditions the relay is biased in the negative part of the circuit & remains unoperated. The 2C82 Pilot Wire Differential relay may be changed from the factory default full wave connection mode to half wave mode to operate with older style differential schemes already in service. This is simply achieved by changing links on an internal terminal block. The 2C82 provides a pilot to earth insulation level of 5KV. Situations where, due to induction or a rise in substation earth potential, a pilot insulation level between 5KV & 15KV may be required. This can be achieved by using the full wave connection mode & a 15KV isolation transformer (RMS type 4T82), with the relay at each feeder end.

2C82 depicted in a 4M28 case

Description of Operation

Made in Australia

Differential feeder protection systems such as the RMS 2C82 offer unit protection, which ensure discrimination without reference to the rest of the power system & provide highspeed operation. It has been designed to provide double ended tripping for in-zone faults with through fault stability. Differential feeder protection requires a comparison of the currents entering and leaving the protected zone. For faults occurring within the protected feeder it is desirable to trip the circuit breakers at each end to isolate the fault. Two 2C82 relays are therefore required, one for each end of the feeder. A pair of pilot wires is used to transmit information between the two relays so that each may be able to compare the current flowing at its respective end with the current at the other. The relays at both line ends provide rapid fault clearance irrespective of whether the fault current is fed from both line ends or only one line end. When applying this protection to overhead lines the limiting factor is generally the length of the pilot circuits which determines the pilot loop resistance &/or the pilot intercore capacitance.

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Due to RMS continuous product improvement policy this information is subject to change without notice. 2C82/Issue E/05/11/01/1/4

www.rmspl.com.au

for the latest product information.

Technical Data
CURRENT TRANSFORMER REQUIREMENT The minimum knee point voltage of the line current transformers is given by:

Vk =
If

50 I __ __ + f ( R CT + 2R L ) In A

PILOTS Any type of pilot having a grade of insulation, which can withstand 500 Volts between cores, may be used. The pilot circuit should be capable of withstanding the voltage imposed by the power system. AUXILIARY SUPPLY Self powered from CT inputs AC CONTINUOUS RATING CURRENT 0.5A, 1A, 2A or 5A PILOT WIRE PARAMETERS Half wave: Adjust total resistance to 1,000 Ohm Max. allowed capacitance between cores is 2.5uF Full wave: Adjust total resistance to 2,000 Ohm Max. allowed capacitance between cores is 0.8uF STABILITY 50 x In MAX. OPERATE TIME (Remote end operation & single end feed) 5KV half wave mode: 60ms at 2.5 to 3 x local end setting 5KV full wave mode: 45ms at 1.3 x local end setting OUTPUT CONTACTS The output relay is fitted with 3 normally open self reset fine silver contacts as standard. OUTPUT RELAY OPERATION INDICATOR Hand reset mechanical flag indicator AMBIENT OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE -5 to 55 degrees C. 6R RELAY CONTACT RATINGS Make & Carry Continuously 3,000 VA AC resistive with maximums of 660V & 12A 3,000 W DC resistive with maximums of 660V & 12A Make & Carry for 3 Seconds 7,500 VA AC resistive with maximums of 660V & 30A 7,500 W DC resistive with maximums of 660V & 30A AC Break Capacity 3,000 VA AC resistive with maximums of 660V & 12A DC Break Capacity (Amps) Voltage Resistive rating L/R=40ms Maximum break 24V a b a b 12 12 12 30 12 48V 1.5 12 1 15 12 125V 0.5 10 0.25 5.5 5 250V 0.25 5 0.15 3.5 2.5

In

= =

A = RCT = RL =

Rated current of 2C82 relay in Amps. Primary current under maximum steady state through fault conditions. Current transformer ratio. Secondary resistance of the current transformer in Ohms. Lead resistance between the current transformers & the 2C82 summation transformer (Single lead Ohms).

It is not recommended that any other burdens should be included in the current transformer circuit. The secondary magnetizing currents of the current transformers at opposite ends of the feeder should not differ by more than In A for output voltages up to 50 V. To ensure good balance of the protection the current transformers at the two ends should have equal ratios. Close balance of ratio is provided by Class X current transformers where ratio error is limited to+/-0.25%. SETTINGS Primary fault settings with average current transformers & zero pilot wire capacitance are given below. Values are expressed as percentages of the 2C82 nominal current rating. Nominal Fault Settings Type of fault 5KV Scheme N1 AN BN CN AB BC AC ABC 18% 21% 25% 125% 125% 62% 72% N 25% 32% 42% 15KV Scheme (Full wave mode only) N1 25% 30% 35% 177% 177% 89% 101% N 35% 44% 59%

SENSITIVITY Normally the summation transformer N tap is used. While a greater sensitivity can be obtained using the N1 tapping, care is necessary as when current transformers with relatively high excitation currents are used the N1 tap may give little or no advantage.

1K operations (N3 Rating) b

a = Without magnetic blowouts

b = With magnetic blowouts

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Due to RMS continuous product improvement policy this information is subject to change without notice. 2C82/Issue E/05/11/01/2/4

www.rmspl.com.au

for the latest product information.

Ordering Information
Generate the required ordering code as follows: e.g. 2C82 B 1

2C82
1 A B C D CT INPUT RATING 0.5A 1.0A 2.0A 5.0A

Note that all relays are supplied from the factory set to full wave connection mode & N sensitivity tap.

Visit

Due to RMS continuous product improvement policy this information is subject to change without notice. 2C82/Issue E/05/11/01/3/4

www.rmspl.com.au

for the latest product information.

Wiring Diagram
Refer to the 3A320 & 3A230 data sheet for information regarding the pilot wire supervision wiring diagram. Refer to the 4T82 data sheet for information regarding the 15KV isolation transformer wiring diagram.

Visit

Due to RMS continuous product improvement policy this information is subject to change without notice. 2C82/Issue E/05/11/01/4/4

www.rmspl.com.au

for the latest product information.

Australian Content
Unless otherwise stated the product(s) quoted are manufactured by RMS at our production facility in Melbourne Australia. Approximately 90% of our sales volume is derived from equipment manufactured in house with a local content close to 90%. Imported components such as semi-conductors are sourced from local suppliers & preference is given for reasonable stock holding to support our build requirements.

Design References
The products & components produced by RMS are based on many years of field experience since Relays Pty Ltd was formed in 1955. A large population of equipment is in service throughout Australia, New Zealand, South Africa & South East Asia attesting to this fact. Specific product & customer reference sites may be provided on application.

Quality Assurance
RMS holds NCSI (NATA Certification Services International), registration number 6869 for the certification of a quality assurance system to AS/NZS ISO9001-1994. Quality plans for all products involve 100% inspection and testing carried out before despatch. Further details on specific test plans, quality policy & procedures may be found in section A4 of the RMS product catalogue.

Product Warranty
All utility grade protection & auxiliary relay products, unless otherwise stated, are warranted for a period of 24 months from shipment for materials & labour on a return to factory basis. Repair of products damaged through poor application or circumstances outside the product ratings will be carried out at the customers expense.

Product Packaging
Protection relays are supplied in secure individual packing cardboard boxes with moulded styrene inserts suitable for recycling. Each product & packing box is labeled with the product part number, customer name & order details.

Standard Conditions of Sale

Unless otherwise agreed RMS Standard Terms & Conditions (QF 907) shall apply to all sales. These are available on request or from our web site.

Relay Monitoring Systems Pty Ltd

6 Anzed Court, Mulgrave, Victoria 3170, AUSTRALIA Tel: 61 3 9561 0266 Fax: 61 3 9561 0277 Email: rms@rmspl.com.au Web: www.rmspl.com.au

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Due to RMS continuous product improvement policy this information is subject to change without notice.