Chapter 1 Europe

Multiple Choice Defining the European Realm

1. The following are statements describing the demographic and economic conditions which may be generally ascribed to the European Realm. Which one is inaccurate? A. Europe constitutes one of the great population clusters of the world. *B. Levels of economic development in Europe decline from east to west. C. Europe's population is highly urbanized. D. European agriculture is mainly market-oriented. E. European economies are predominantly industrial. Europes relative location: A. has proven inefficient for international trade B. is one of inferior global accessibility C. is disadvantaged by its proximity to the sea *D. is one of centrality within the land hemisphere E. is disadvantaged by its closeness to Australia Continentality refers to: *A. more extreme climates located inland B. processes that have led to continental drift C. Devolution on the European continent D. maritime forces that affect climates in the Central Uplands E. climates located only in areas of A climates

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Landscapes and Opportunities

4. The major chain of mountains in Europe is referred to as the: *A. Alpines B. Apennines C. Pyrenees D. Carpathians E. Central Uplands Which of the following is not in the Western Uplands? A. Sweden *B. Switzerland C. Scotland D. Ireland E. Portugal The landform region predominating in the area to the north of the Alpine chain is the: *A. Central Uplands B. Western Uplands C. North European Lowland D. Iberian Lowland E. Great Divide

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Europe

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The North European Lowland: A. contains the mountain ranges of the Alps *B. is the most densely populated of Europes landscape regions C. does not include southeastern England D. has historically functioned as a barrier to contact and communication due to its marshy conditions E. contains the plains of Greece

Europes Premodern Heritage

8. Such things as roads, railroads and ports are best defined as: A. irredentism B. centripetal forces *C. infrastructure D. devolution forces E. none of the above The geographic principle under which particular peoples and particular places concentrate on the production of particular goods is known as: A. spatial specialization B. Balkanization C. supranationalism D. irredentism *E. areal functional specialization

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Decline and Rebirth

10. The emergence of modern Europe after the Dark Ages is known as the: A. Great Awakening B. primate city theory C. irredentism D. mercantalism *E. Renaissance 11. Which of the following was not an objective of mercantilism? *A. establishing Christianity throughout the world B. the rapid accumulation of gold and silver C. acquisition of overseas colonies D. developing international trading ties E. all of the above were objectives of mercantilism

The Revolutions of Modernizing Europe

12. The innermost land use ring of the von Thnen Model contains: A. the central business district of the city B. ranching and animal products C. a set of markets for grain crops *D. intensive farming and dairying E. extensive agriculture

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Europe

13. Which of the following is not a feature of the original Isolated State Model? *A. the need for constant territorial growth of producing areas B. a concentric-zone spatial pattern C. a single, centrally-located market D. a surrounding wilderness across which no trade occurred E. all are features of the Isolated State model 14. Von Thnen in his Isolated State argued that five belts of human activity would develop around the central town or city. The first (or nearest) of these is: A. a belt of forest, still used for timber and firewood B. a broad zone of increasingly extensive field crops C. a zone of manufacturing and handcrafting *D. a zone of intensive agriculture and dairying E. a belt in which ranching prevails and animal products are generated 15. The industrial revolution in Europe: A. produced the first specialized industries anywhere in the region B. caused a large immigration of workers from other parts of the world to fill the available jobs in the factories *C. initially was focused in England, where machinery was invented and the use of steam to drive engines emerged D. gave enormous situational advantage to large cities such as London and Paris, positioned on coal fields and near iron ores E. confirmed the superior quality of European products, which were already beating inferior textiles and other wares from India and China before the Industrial Revolution even began The economic geographer Alfred Weber is known for his contribution of: A. an organic theory explaining the growth of states *B. a set of principles governing the location of industry C. a model of commercial agricultural spatial organization D. a worldwide classification scheme of primate cities E. a global climate regionalization scheme

16.

17. Forces which concentrate particular industries in particular locations are: *A. agglomerative B. deglomerative C. industrial inertia D. regional factors E. none of the above 18. Europes political revolution: *A. began in the 1780s with the French Revolution B. ended with the formation of the German state in the 1870s C. was stimulated by the new weaponry produced by the Industrial Revolution D. originated as a reaction to the oppression of the Roman Empire E. was an anticolonial rebellion that threw off Moorish and Ottoman yokes

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Which of the following events occurred within the ten years following the onset of the French Revolution (1789)? A. the downfall of France's monarchy B. the establishment of the French nation-state C. the emergence of Napoleon as the leader of France *D. all of the above E. the founding of Paris __________ forces tie a nation together. A. Irredentist *B. Centripetal D. Charismatic E. none of the above __________ forces are divisive to a nation. A. Irredentist B. Centripetal D. Charismatic E. none of the above C. Centrifugal

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*C. Centrifugal

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Which of the following is the strongest example of a European nationstate? A. Bosnia B. Northern Ireland *C. Poland D. Belgium E. Spain

Contemporary Europe
23. Which of the following states is unilingual in that it possesses a single language spoken throughout its territory: A. Switzerland *B. Austria C. Yugoslavia D. Belgium E. United Kingdom Which of the following languages is not a Slavic language? A. Russian B. Ukrainian C. Bulgarian D. Serbo-Croatian *E. Romanian Complementarity deals with the fact that commodity flows between A and B depend upon: *A. a surplus of a commodity at place A and a deficit of the commodity at place B B. the existence of transportation routes between A and B C. supply at A and a transportation link to B D. demand at B and a transportation link between A and B E. none of the above The spatial interaction principle of complementarity : A. operates only in the presence of intervening opportunities B. could not operate in Europe before World War II *C. describes trade in which one area specifically needs the surplus commodity of another area D. refers to the ease with which a product may be shipped between two places E. none of the above

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An example of an intervening opportunity is: *A. Florida is an intervening opportunity for vacationers from New York considering a vacation in California B. Route I-95 between Miami and West Palm Beach represents an intervening opportunity C. the movement of goods and people between place A and place B is an intervening opportunity D. California is an intervening opportunity for oranges being sent to New York E. none of the above The three principles of spatial interaction are: A. complementarity, intervening opportunity, Balkanization B. complementarity, intervening opportunity, irredentism C. complementarity, intervening opportunity, transferability D. centripetal forces, intervening opportunity, Balkanization *E. none of the above

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Which of the following is not a relatively recent example of European transportation improvements? A. English Channel tunnel B. high speed rail links *C. magnetic levitation trains D. tunnels through the Alps E. a major interstate system similar to the US system 30. A country's leading urban center, disproportionately large and exceptionally expressive of national feelings, such as Paris is to France, is known as the countrys: A. capital city *B. primate city C. nodal point D. functional region E. central place Which of the following capital cities is not a primate city? A. Paris B. Lisbon C. Athens *D. Bern E. Vienna The downtown area of a city is known as the: A. primate area B. central area C. levitation *D. Central Business District E. core area The process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy is known as: *A. devolution B. irredentism C. conurbation D. supranationalism E. CBD Which of the following is not an area of previous or potential devolution? *A. southern Sweden B. Belgium C. Czechoslovakia D. Yugoslavia E. Scotland

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Which of the following is not one of the four Motors of Europe? *A. Tirane (Albania) B. Milan C. Stuttgart D. Barcelona E. Lyon

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A Euroregion: A. is made up of three or more European countries *B. is a formal territorial entity straddling one of Europes traditional international boundaries C. is the area around the CBD of a European city D. is like NATO, but without the political overtones E. is not at all like Ohmaes regional state 37. The US plan to aid Europe after World War II was known as the _______ Plan. A. Benelux B. Development C. Common Market D. European Parliament *E. Marshall

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Which of the following is not an example of European supranationalism? A. Benelux B. COMECON C. the Common Market D. the European Parliament *E. the solidarity labor movement 39. The voluntary association of three or more countries is known as: A. devolution B. irredentism C. conurbation *D. supranationalism E. CBD European supranationalism all began with: A. EFTA *B. Benelux D. NATO E. the European Union C. the Council of Europe

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The major competition to the original European Common Market was: A. Benelux *B. EFTA C. the Council of Europe D. NATO E. the European Union

42. The major factor keeping Eastern European countries out of the European Union is: *A. under the rules of the EU, richer countries must subsidize poorer countries B. Western Europeans still hold a grudge against Eastern Europeans C. Turkey has been promised admission before the Eastern European states and Greece objects to the admission of Turkey D. all Eastern European countries have unstable governments E. none of the above are major factors 43. The Common Market evolved into the European Community. It is being replaced by: *A. the European Union B. NATO C. Benelux D. EFTA E. none of the above The Treaty on European Unity was signed at:

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Western Europe
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A. Berlin D. Geneva

B. London *E. Maastricht

C. Paris

A country that was divided into two political units after World War II was: A. United Kingdom B. Italy *C. Germany D. Austria E. Greece _______ dominates Western Europe demographically and economically. A. France B. Belgium C. Austria *D. Germany E. Switzerland Which of the following is not a historically German industrial area? A. The Ruhr B. Saxony C. Silesia *D. Po River Basin E. All of the above are German industrial areas The Ruhr industrial complex is linked via the Rhine River to: A. Genoa B. Paris C. Brussels *D. Rotterdam E. Dammit Most foreign workers in Germany are of _________origin. A. Bulgarian B. Dutch C. Danish *D. Turkish E. Austrian The major river in Germany, which enters the North Sea through the Netherlands and which passes through the Ruhr is the: *A. Rhine B. Danube C. Loire D. Thames E. Seine Germany is divided into subdistricts called: *A. landers B. states D. Ruhrs E. departments C. provinces

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The current population of Germany is in excess of: A. 100 million B. 10 million C. 200 million *D. 80 million E. none of the above A city in Germany benefitting from the restoration of its hinterland as a result of the reunification of Germany is: A. Berlin *B. Hamburg C. Lander D. Saar E. Bonn

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German reunification: A. occurred in 1990 B. has led to a country with 16 lander C. made the Poles uneasy because of the territory Germany lost to Poland after WW II D. made the UK and France uneasy because of German economic power *E. all of the above are true

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German reunification: A. united Wessies with Ossies B. united the Easts 17 million population with that in the West C. has led to some problems as some westerners have resented additional taxes to help the East D. has yet to bring the standard of living in the East to the levels in the West *E. all of the above are true The only European country with coastlines on the Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, and the North Sea is: A. Portugal B. Austria C. Spain *D. France E. none of the above Which of the following statements is false? A. Germany is larger territorially than France. B. Germany has a better river system than France. C. Germany is more industrialized than France. D. Germany is more urbanized than France. *E. France has better harbors than does Germany. France is divided into regions called: A. landers B. states D. Ruhrs *E. regions C. provinces

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Which of the following rivers does not flow through French territory? A. the Rhine *B. the Danube C. the Loire D. the Rhne E. all of the above flow through French territory Which of the following statements is true? A. Paris initially benefitted from an excellent site. B. Paris initially benefitted from an excellent situation. C. The site of Paris is far inferior to that of any other French city. D. Situation refers to the physical attributes of a place. *E. A and B are true Which of the following is not a major French industry? A. Wine B. Cheese C. Fashion D. High Tech *E. Aluminum _______ is a country which has continued to maintain a network of colonies and to take an intense interest in former colonies. A. Germany *B. France C. Belgium D. Denmark E. Switzerland

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Benelux refers to: A. a region south of Transylvania *B. the Low Countries of Western Europe England D. the northern sections of Australia 64.

C. a region in central E. southern Greece

Which of the following countries is not a signatory of the Benelux Agreement? A. Netherlands B. Belgium *C. Liechtenstein D. Luxembourg E. all are signatories The administrative headquarters for the European Union and NATO is: A. Geneva B. Paris *C. Brussels D. Strasbourg E. Auckland Lands reclaimed from the sea are known as: A. beneluxes B. Netherlands *C. polders D. flat lands E. islands The Randstad is comprised of: *A. Amsterdam, Rotterdam, and The Hague B. Amsterdam, Rotterdam, and Brussels C. Holland, Rotterdam, and The Hague D. Amsterdam, Belgium, and The Hague E. none of the above Europes busiest port, the shipping gateway for the Rhine and the Meuse Rivers is: A. Amsterdam *B. Rotterdam C. Randstad D. London E. Berlin Which of the following European countries is landlocked? *A. Switzerland B. Croatia C. Albania D. Belgium E. Spain Which of the following statements is false? A. Switzerland is a multilingual country. B. Austria is a unilingual country. C. The physical geography of Europe is marked by sharp diversity with respect to climate, topography, and soils. *D. Europe may be delineated as a region due to its cultural homogeneity. E. Switzerland is located in the Alps. Which of the following statements is false? *A. Austria is multilingual and Switzerland is unilingual. B. Austria has more flatland than Switzerland. C. Austria is 85 percent Catholic, Switzerland is half Protestant. D. Austria has a better raw material base than Switzerland. E. All of the above are true. The European country that has purported to practice strict neutrality

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is: A. Germany *D. Switzerland 73.

B. Austria E. Belgium

C. Finland

The easternmost city of Western Europe is: A. Prague B. Geneva *D. Vienna E. Bonn

C. Warsaw

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The only Western European state that is not a member of the European Union is: A. Austria B. England C. Spain *D. Switzerland E. Belgium

The British Isles

75. Which of the following is not a portion of the United Kingdom? *A. Republic of Ireland B. England C. Scotland D. Wales E. all are part of the UK The United Kingdom was often protected from European wars by the: *A. English Channel B. North Sea C. Baltic Sea D. French Canyon E. Irish army Significant oil and natural gas supplies have been found beneath the: A. Baltic Sea B. Gulf of Finland *C. North Sea D. Adriatic Sea E. none of the above In Scotland: A. oil and gas have become major industries B. a feeling of nationalism is developing C. an important shipbuilding industry exists D. there are about 5 million people *E. all of the above

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Which of the following is not a region of the United Kingdom? A. Affluent Southern England B. Stagnant Northern England C. Northern Ireland D. Wales *E. Ireland 80. The must rugged part of the United Kingdom is: A. Southern England B. Northern England C. Northern Ireland *D. Wales E. Great Britain

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An important coal mining area that has been ravaged by strip mines is: A. France B. Scotland C. Northern Ireland *D. Wales E. England 82. The major conurbation of London lies within which of the following

regions? *A. Affluent Southern England B. Stagnant Northern England C. Scotland D. Wales E. London lies on the border between the North and the South 83. More than half of the population of Northern Ireland trace their ancestry to: *A. Scotland or England B. Wales or London C. Northern France D. Brittany E. London

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The population of Northern Ireland: A. is overwhelmingly Catholic B. is made up of refugees from Wales Protestants D. are all members of the Irish Republican Army 85.

*C. is dominated by E. none of the above

A European country that has declined in population over the past centuries is: *A. Ireland B. England C. France D. Germany E. Iceland

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As of 1998, the situation in Northern Ireland between Catholics and Protestants: A. was rapidly deteriorating *B. had reached the point where an agreement to end the conflict had been negotiated C. had not changed in character since the early 1950s D. was solved via union with the Republic of Ireland E. was solved by the partition of the country 87. The decline in population in the Republic of Ireland is in part due to: *A. the potato famine B. economic decline C. social conservativism D. terrorist activity E. all but D above

Northern (Nordic) Europe

88. Norden:

A. is comprised of the Scandinavian countries, Norway, Denmark, and Sweden *B. has a largely inhospitable northern climate C. is entirely separated by water from the rest of Europe D. is the least developed region of Europe, due to its peripheral location E. has always been able to exploit abundant natural resources Which of the following is not a Nordic country? *A. Malta B. Norway C. Finland D. Estonia E. Iceland

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All of the following help to unite some of the Norden countries except: *A. Catholicism B. language C. democratic traditions D. a respect for individual rights E. the Lutheran church

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An economic activity that is important in Norway, Sweden, and Finland is: *A. forestry B. computer programming C. steel production D. aluminum E. banking 92. Fjords are associated with which of the following countries? *A. Norway B. Sweden C. Denmark D. Estonia E. Switzerland The Northern European country that has benefitted the most from North Sea oil is: A. Denmark *B. Norway C. Iceland D. Estonia E. Sweden The country located on the Jutland Peninsula and the smallest state (in area) in Norden is: A. Sweden B. Norway C. Estonia D. Iceland *E. Denmark Copenhagen serves as: A. the capital of Denmark C. an entrept D. the Baltics leading port B. a break-of-bulk point *E. all of the above

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Which country has the best agricultural economy? A. Sweden B. Norway C. Estonia D. Iceland *E. Denmark Which Norden city serves as a break of bulk, or entrept, city? A. Stockholm *B. Copenhagen C. Oslo D. Reykjavik E. Baltic City Finland lost significant territories to: A. Finland *B. Russia D. Norway E. Belarus C. Denmark

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___________ has more in common with Finland than the other two Baltic states and is thus included as part of Northern Europe. *A. Estonia B. Latvia C. Lithuania D. Sweden E. Belarus

100. Estonia was, at one time, part of the Kingdom of: A. Finland *B. Sweden C. Denmark D. Norway E. Belarus 101. This former Soviet Republic is small in terms of population size, speaks a language related to Finnish, and is about 30 percent Russian: A. Belorussia B. Moldova C. Kaliningrad *D. Estonia E. Latvia 102. Icelands chief economic activity is: A. forestry B. cold drinks *C. fishing D. high technology E. none of the above 103. The Norden country with the lowest population is: A. Estonia B. Denmark *C. Iceland D. Sweden E. Malta

Mediterranean Europe
104. The Iberian Peninsula is isolated from the rest of Europe by which mountain chain? *A. Pyrenees B. Alps C. Apennines D. Appalachians E. Transylvanian Alps 105. The most spatially discontinuous of the European regions is: A. British Isles *B. Mediterranean Europe C. Eastern Europe D. Western Europe E. Northern Europe 106. The Mediterranean European country with the lowest percentage living in urban areas is: A. Spain *B. Portugal C. Malta D. Italy E. Greece 107. The Tyrrhenian Sea lies between: *A. Sardinia and Italy B. Italy and Croatia D. Spain and France E. Poland and Russia C. Greece and Turkey

108. Italys economic core, no longer focused on Rome, is located today in: A. Romania *B. Po River Valley C. the Indus River Valley D. Greece E. the Alpine chain 109. Which of the following cities is located in Italys core area? *A. Milan-Turin-Genoa B. Rome C. Barcelona D. Naples E. Catalonia 110. Southern Italy is known as the: *A. Mezzogiorno B. Sicily C. Milan

D. Ancona

E. Lombardy

111. Which country has the greatest potential for hydroelectric power? A. the Netherlands B. Ireland C. Denmark *D. Italy E. Belgium 112. Northern and Southern Italy are divided by the: A. Alps B. Apennines C. Po River *D. Anacona Line E. Pasta Mountains 113. The southern part of Italy is to be helped by the discovery of: A. gold B. uranium C. silver *D. oil E. pasta 114. The Autonomous Community in eastern Spain just south of the Pyrenees Mountains centered on industrialized Barcelona is known as: A. Silesia B. Galicia *C. Catalonia D. Lombardy E. Portugal 115. Spain is subdivided into subunits called: A. Departments B. Provinces Communities D. Spaniards E. States *C. Autonomous

116. An ethnic minority in northeastern Spain that has a separatist movement is the: A. Catalonians B. Castillians *C. Basque D. Vulcans E. Portuguese 117. Spains leading industrial area is known as: A. Basque B. Madrid Province C. the Pyrenees *D. Catalonia E. Arroz con Pollo 118. Spains major industries include: A. wine production B. sugar cane D. tourism *E. A and D above C. coconut oil

119. ____ on the Iberian peninsula is one of Europes poorer countries. A. Germany B. Italy C. Spain D. Denmark *E. Portugal 120. The largest Greek island is: *A. Crete B. Cyprus D. Sicily E. Sardinia C. Athens

121. This country was one of the cradles of western civilization and has had many conflicts with Turkey. *A. Greece B. Italy C. Bulgaria

D. Romania

E. Macedonia C. Cyclades

122. The capital and primate city of Greece is: *A. Athens B. Crete D. Cyprus E. Macedonia

123. The Acropolis is found in which of the following countries? *A. Greece B. Italy C. Bulgaria D. Romania E. Macedonia 124. The island contested between Greece and Turkey is: *A. Cyprus B. Crete C. Malta D. Sicily E. Macedonia

Eastern Europe
125. The European region that has undergone the greatest political changes in the past five years is: *A. Eastern Europe B. Western Europe C. The British Isles D. Nordic Europe E. Mediterranean Europe 126. Your textbook identifies Eastern Europe as a zone of politicogeographical splintering and fracturing, called a: A. Irredentist region B. hinterland *C. shatter belt D. Balkan E. heartland region 127. The term Balkanization refers to: A. a peculiar language spoken in Bulgaria B. the landmass located just north of Italy C. a rift in the Serbian plain *D. the division and fragmentation of the Eastern Europe region E. the imposition of the Slavic religion 128. Which of the following is not a Baltic republic? A. Latvia B. Lithuania C. Estonia *D. Moldova E. All of the above are Baltic republics. 129. The Danube River empties into the: A. Adriatic Sea B. Mediterranean Sea *D. Black Sea E. Black Forest C. Caspian Sea

130. From the end of World War II until the 1990s, Eastern Europe was dominated by the: A. Ottomans B. Hapsburgs C. Lithuanians *D. U.S.S.R. E. Poles 131. Which of the following was a Serbian dominated state established after World War I? A. Serbia B. Bosnia C. Macedonia *D. Yugoslavia E. All of the above were established after World War I

132. Which of the following is not a state created in the mid-1990s? A. Bosnia B. Slovakia C. Slovenia *D. Poland E. Croatia 133. The leading manufacturing/industrial complex in Poland is located in : A. Gdansk B. Warsaw C. Slovenia *D. Silesia E. The Ukraine 134. The capital and leading city in Poland is: A. Danzig B. Gdansk C. Krakow *D. Warsaw E. Polandia 135. Traditionally, Poland was: *A. an agrarian country C. a major source of raw materials economy E. ethnically diverse B. an industrialized country D. a service-based

136. Which of the following countries is almost entirely Roman Catholic? A. Estonia B. Albania *C. Poland D. England E. Sweden 137. The country at odds with the Russians over access of the Russian military to its territory is: A. Austria B. Italy *C. Lithuania D. England E. Danube 138. The country which lost Kaliningrad to the Soviets was: A. Austria B. Italy *C. Lithuania D. England E. Danube 139. The Russian exclave between Lithuania and Poland is: *A. Kaliningrad B. Latvia C. Belarus D. Balkan E. None of the above 140. This former Soviet Republic, with its capital at Riga, is located on the Baltic Sea, and, although there are strong nationalist feelings, about 33 percent of the population is Russian. A. Belarus B. Moldova *C. Latvia D. Estonia E. Kirghizia 141. The former Soviet Republic that took the brunt of the impact of World War II is: A. Latvia B. Moldova *C. Belarus D. Ukraine E. Kazakh 142. This former Soviet Republic, with its capital at Mensk, is also called White Russia, and is still strongly linked to Moscow. *A. Belarus B. Lithuania C. Georgia D. Estonia E. Ukraine

143. The so-called Prague Spring took place in which Eastern European country? A. Belarus *B. Czech Republic C. Hungary D. Moldova E. Yugoslavia

144. The three regions of former Czechoslovakia were: *A. Bohemia, Moravia, Slovakia B. Bohemia, Slovenia, and Croatia C. Belarus, Irrendentia, Slovakia D. Czechia, Slovakia, and Bohemia E. Prague, Silesia, Moravia 145. Which Eastern European country has led the region in technology and engineering skills? A. Belarus *B. Czech Republic C. Slovakia D. Moldova E. Bosnia 146. Which of the following countries devolved with war? A. Bosnia B. Czechoslovakia *C. Yugoslavia D. Moldova E. Slovenia 147. Slovakia has a large _______ minority. A. Czech *B. Hungarian D. Moldovan E. Jewish C. Serbian

148. When a state seeks to acquire the ethnically similar people and territory on the other side of its boundary by appealing to a concentrated group, this action is termed: A. irradiation B. irrational C. interference *D. irredentism E. irresponsible 149. The most linguistically-distinctive country in Eastern Europe is: A. Belarus *B. Hungary C. Moldova D. Poland E. Russia 150. The home of the Magyars is: A. Britain B. Spain D. Greece E. Magyarstan *C. Hungary

151. _____ is the only net food exporter in Eastern Europe. A. Britain B. Spain *C. Hungary D. Greece E. Magyarstan 152. The former Yugoslavian Republic that is closest to Italy is: A. Slovakia *B. Slovenia C. Serbia D. Macedonia E. Bosnia 153. The three major ethnic groups in former Yugoslavia were: A. Czechs, Slovaks, and Bohemians *B. Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes C. Macedonians, Slovaks, and Albanians D. Yugos, Slavs, and Croats E. Hungarians, Moldovans, and Bosnians 154. For many years, Yugoslavia was held together by a Croatian war hero

named: A. Walesa *D. Tito

B. Marshall E. Kosovo

C. Belgrade

155. Which of the following is not a state created by the devolution of former Yugoslavia? A. Bosnia B. Macedonia C. Croatia *D. Slovakia E. Moldova 156. The first to secede from Yugoslavia and the furthest of the former Yugoslav republics from Belgrade is: A. Croatia B. Serbia C. Bosnia D. Kosovo *E. Slovenia 157. This crescent shaped republic was an ally of Nazi Germany. *A. Croatia B. Serbia C. Bosnia D. Kosovo E. Slovenia 158. This republic has Serb, Croat, and Muslim populations that were finally brought together in 1995 at a peace conference in Dayton, Ohio. *A. Bosnia B. Serbia C. Croatia D. Kosovo E. Slovenia 159. Which of the following areas is not associated with Serbia? A. The name Yugoslavia B. Kosovo C. Montenegro D. Vojvodina *E. Magyars 160. In the late 1990s, which of the following areas of Yugoslavia is involved in an effort to free itself of Serb rule? A. Albania *B. Kosovo C. Montenegro D. Vojvodina E. Magyar 161. The country whose name was contested by Greece is: A. Bulgaria B. Kosovo C. Montenegro D. Vojvodina *E. Macedonia 162. An unusual aspect of Albania is: A. its location on both the Baltic and Adriatic Seas

B. its large Eastern Orthodox population C. its former control by the Ottoman Empire D. its former control by the Austro-Hungarian Empire *E. its large Muslim population 163. The Eastern European country that is Europes poorest country is: A. Portugal B. Bulgaria C. Poland D. Serbia *E. Albania
164. Bulgarians have felt close to the Russian population because:

A. the Russians are a fellow Serbian population B. the capital Sofia is close to the Russian city of Kiev *C. the Russians were responsible for driving the Turks from the area D. the Russians were responsible for freeing Bulgaria from the control of the Hungarians E. none of the above 165. The Bulgarians have discriminated against which of the following ethnic minorities? A. Bessarabians B. Moldovans *C. Turks D. Albanians E. none of the above 166. Romania is twice as large as: A. Bessarabia B. Moldova D. Albania E. none of the above 167. For many years, Romania was run by: A. Walesa B. Marshall D. Tito *E. Ceausescu 168. Translyvania is located in: A. Moldova B. Spain D. Latvia *E. Romania *C. Bulgaria

C. Belgrade

C. Italy

169. The Eastern European country that sold oil to pay off debts while its own population did without energy is: A. Moldova B. Serbia C. Slovakia D. Bulgaria *E. Romania 170. Soviet political planners left a strip of territory in the hands of ________, resulting in Moldova being landlocked. A. Belarus B. Romania C. Bulgaria *D. Ukraine E. Kishinev 171. A country that considered uniting with Romania is: A. Belarus B. Romania C. Bulgaria *D. Moldova E. Kishinev 172. Ukraine: *A. contains the Donets Basin coalfields and the Krivoy Rog iron ores B. is bisected by the Volga River, also its major transport artery C. is named after the Ukrays, early settlers in this region who developed the irrigation systems that still serve the farmers of today D. included over half the Soviet population, including urban clusters of Rostov and Leningrad E. was the Soviet Union's chief industrial region, accounting for over 90 percent of the annual manufacturing output

173. Which of the following states in Eastern Europe is the largest both territorially and in population? A. Bulgaria B. England *C. Ukraine D. Hungary E. Albania 174. The largest ethnic minority in Ukraine is: A. Bulgarians B. Moldovans *D. Russians E. Tatars C. Crimeans

175. The coal producing region of the Ukraine is the: A. Karaganda B. Kuzbas *C. Donbas D. east Siberian lowland E. Povolzhye 176. Which of the following is included within Ukraine? A. Leningrad *B. Krivoy Rog C. Estonia D. Moscow E. the Urals 177. An area that Russia feels should be part of Russia rather than Ukraine is: A. Moldova *B. Crimea C. Armenia D. Slovakia E. Krivoy Rog

Chapter 1 Europe
True-False Defining the European Realm
1. Eastern Europes definition has increased significantly with the downfall of the Irish Republican Army. (F)

Landscapes and Opportunities

2. 3. Of the four landscape/landform regions in Europe, the Central Uplands contain the majority of the realm's productive coalfields. (T) The Meseta Plateau is a dominant landscape feature of the Iberian Peninsula. (T)

Europes Premodern Heritage

4. The Greek Empire was the first truly interregional political unit in Europe.

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(F) 5. The Romans extended their Empire as far west as Britain, whereas the Greeks before them did not. (T)

Decline and Rebirth

6. 7. During the Dark Ages, the Ottoman Turks established an Islamic Empire that included all of Europe south of the Baltic and North Seas. (F) Although it pursued the acquisition of territory and precious metals, mercantilism was not concerned with actively spreading Christianity throughout the New World. (T)

The Revolutions of Modernizing Europe

8. Although von Thnens locational principles can no longer be applied to modern Europe, many developing countries still exhibit patterns reminiscent of the Isolated State. (F) Britains Midlands, Germanys Ruhr, and Polands Silesia all possessed major coal deposits that helped launch Industrial Revolutions. (T)

9.

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Europe

Contemporary Europe
10. Transferability is an interaction concept related to the costs of overcoming the distance between two places. (T) 11. The spatial interaction principle of transferability refers to the ability to move a good at a bearable cost. (T) 12. The Council of Europe meets in Strasbourg, France. (T) 13. Mark Jefferson is best known for his work in political geography and an article entitled Laws of the Spatial Growth of States published in 1989. (F) 14. Jeffersons Law of the Primate City holds that a countrys leading city is disproportionately large and exceptionally expressive of national capacity and feeling. (T) 15. Paris is an exception to Jeffersons Law of the Primate City. (F) 16. Modern supranationalism in Europe began with Benelux. (T) 17. Because of internal bickering, the European Union in the 1990s contains fewer member-states than it did when founded in 1957. (F) 18. Each of the three Benelux countries is a member of the European Union. (T) 19. The United Kingdom, a charter member of the European Common Market, quit that organization in disagreement in 1973. (F)

Western Europe
20. The leading states of the region we have defined as Western Europe are France and West Germany. (T) 21. The Ruhr is located in the Paris Basin. (F) 22. The city of Paris has great advantages of site, but major disadvantages in its situation. (F) 23. The le de la Cit possesses a favorable situation with respect to the rest of the Paris Basin. (T) 24. Belgium and the Netherlands possess economies that contain similar proportions of agricultural and manufacturing activity. (F) 25. Belgium and the Netherlands are to a considerable degree in a position of

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economic complementarity. (T)

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The United Kingdom

26. The United Kingdom consists of England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. (T) 27. Northern England has both the major industrial areas and the majority of Englands good agricultural land. (F) 28. The northeastern corner of Ireland was a haven for English and Scottish Catholics and remained under British control. (F) 29. The Republic of Ireland (Eire) is situated in the northern portion of that island, and is today once again ruled by the British government. (F)

Northern (Nordic) Europe

30. Northern Europe is the same as Norden. (T) 31. Due largely to its peripheral location, Nordic Europe remains underdeveloped. (F) 32. The three largest Nordic countries all have their major concentrations of population in the southern part of their land area. (T) 33. Stockholm is not only Norways capital, but Northern Europe's largest city as well. (F) 34. Denmark, because of its location south of the Baltic Sea, is not considered part of the region of Norden. (F) 35. An entrept, such as Copenhagen, is a place where goods are collected, stored, and transshipped. (T)

Mediterranean Europe
36. A characteristic feature of Mediterranean Europe is the regions vast covering of natural forests, especially on the Spanish Meseta. (F) 37. Mediterranean Europe is characterized by a peripheral distribution of much of its population. (T) 38. After its medieval period of prominence, Italys Po Valley area has lost nearly all of its importance. (F)

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39. Although the Po Valley has great agricultural advantages, what marks the region today is the greatest development of manufacturing in Mediterranean Europe. (T) 40. Italy has significant hydroelectric power potential in its southern extreme. (F) 41. Greeces environment has been denuded by centuries of deforestation. (T)

Eastern Europe
42. The Danube River has been the great regional bond for Eastern Europe. (F) 43. The Iron Curtain was cracked when Hungary opened its border with Germany. (F) 44. The Balkan Peninsula does not contain territory that belonged to the former Soviet Union. (T) 45. The Balkanization of a region implies its political unification. (F) 46. Tito was the leader of Bulgaria. (F) 47. Unlike other Eastern European countries, Poland has suffered little from environmental degradation. (F) 48. Poland is mostly a Lutheran country with a small Jewish minority. (F) 49. Latvians make up a bare majority in their own country. (T) 50. Prague is the Czech Republic's primate city. (T) 51. Slovenia seceded from Yugoslavia in the early 1990s. (T) 52. Albania is the most prosperous Eastern European country. (F) 53. In the post-World War II period, the Soviet Union permitted each Eastern European country to run its own economic affairs without interference. (F) 54. Bulgaria did not appear on a map until 1878. (T) 55. High-quality iron ore is found in the Krivoy Rog area of the Ukraine. (T) 56. Krivoy Rog and the Donets Basin are both located in the Ukraine Industrial Region. (T)

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Matching
57. A term referring to a French-speaking Belgian (A) 58. A venture involving three or more national states (C) 59. Protectionist policy of European states during the 16th to 18th centuries that promoted a states economic position in contest with other countries (D) 60. A place, usually a port city, where goods are imported, stored, and transshipped (B) 61. A policy of cultural extension and potential political expansion aimed at a national group living in a neighboring country (E) A. Walloon B. Entrept C. supranationalism D. mercantilism E. irredentism

62. Reclaimed lands (A) 63. The disintegration of the nation-state as a result of emerging or reviving regionalism (B) 64. Exists when two regions through an exchange of raw materials and finished products can specifically satisfy each others demands (C) 65. The fragmentation of a region into smaller, often hostile, political units (D) 66. The external locational attributes of a place; its relative location or position with reference to other non-local places (E) A. polders B. devolution C. complementarity D. Balkanization E. situation

67. Appennine Mountains (C) 68. Borders Black Sea (A) 69. International conference headquarters (D) 70. Serbo-Croatian (E) 71. Jutland Peninsula (B) A. Bulgaria B. Denmark C. Italy D. Switzerland E. former Yugoslavia

72. 73. 74. 75. 76.

Southwestern Iberia (E) Joined to West Germany in 1990 (C) Home of the Magyars (D) Flemish (B) Norden (A) A. Sweden B. Belgium C. East Germany D. Hungary E. Portugal

Fill Ins
77. The Isolated State model of commercial agricultural spatial organization was devised by the economist__________. (Von Thnen) 78. A countrys leading urban center, disproportionately large and exceptionally expressive of national feelings, is known as its__________city. (Primate) 79. A territorial component of the United Kingdom that is prone to devolution today is__________. (Scotland, Wales) 80. International cooperation involving the voluntary participation of three or more countries in an economic or political association is known as__________. (Supernationalism) 81. _______is the general term for a large, megalopolis-like urban complex that is formed by the coalescence of two or more metropolitan areas. (Conurbation) 82. In addition to Scandinavia, the Norden region also contains the countries of__________, __________, and __________. (Estonia, Iceland, Finland) 83. Besides the United Kingdom, the European country that has benefitted most from the North Sea oil boom is__________. (Norway) 84. The Iberian Peninsula is isolated from the rest of Europe by a high range called the__________Mountains. (Pyrenees) 85. Italys economic core area, no longer focused on Rome, is today located in__________. (Lombardy or Po River)