NAGINDAS KHANDWALA COLLEGE

SUBJECT: EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION.

TOPIC: CORRUPTION AND ROLE OF YOUTH IN INDIA.

GUIDED BY: KAVITA MAM.

GROUP MEMBERS:
Roll No.
103 105 115 120 128 136 139 143 147 148

Name
ASMITA BHAGWAT PARAS CHOKSI AJINKYA KAJWE RACHNA PAREKH TANVI SAWLA BANSI TRIVEDI KHYATI ZAVERI VISHAL CHAUHAN POOJA DESAI URJA JOSHI

INDEX
SR.NO. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 PARTICULARS INTRODUCTION THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON ORGANISATION PERFORMANCE CONCEPT OF CONCRETE ACTION SYSTEM THE PROCESS THE IMPACT OF IT ON ORGANISATION IMPLICATIONS FOR MANAGEMENT THE IMPACT OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES ON PUBLIC ORGANISATIONS

8 9 10 11

NEGATIVE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY CONCLUSION ACKNOWLEDGEMENT WEBLIOGRAPHY

What is Corruption?
Corruption has become a major threat to India, our democracy and our future. The problem of corruption is not new or uniquely Indian. It is the scale and its ferocity which makes the life of the Indian citizen distasteful. The anger of the Indian citizen is palpable everywhere. The root of corruption lies I the ability of the political and administrative authority to understand and accept that under the Indian Constitution, the citizen is sovereign and that his or her rights are the basis of the governance of the country. Corruption has many forms. In fact, the thesaurus of corruption has been articulated by the humorous Hindi poet Kaka Hathrasi: Dhanya tu Rishwat, agnigat tere naam: Haq pani, baksheesh, bhent, rishwat, ghoosh, inam, Nazar, Nazarana, pagdi, Tere karan Khaumal ki income tagdi.

Politicians, Bureaucrats, Businessmen, NGOs, and criminals are the key players involved in corrupt practices. Corruption arises because of scarcity of goods or services, red-tape measures, lack of transparency in the system and the fact that corrupt people protect each other. Corruption is hitting the country in terms of militancy. The level of corruption is too high that to deal with it, we might to have actually hang boards outside offices saying No Corruption The fight against corruption is not something which can be done by anti-corruption agencies alone. Active participation of the people is equally essential. Combating corruption is such a difficult and sensitive issue that many national political leaders who support such efforts in principle are hesitant to undertake them in practice. International cooperation can help build support for fighting corruption, both nationally and globally.

Nation has witnessed numerous scams/scandals from time to time Bofors scam, JMM scam, Urea scam, Harshad Mehta securities scam, Foddar scam, Hawala scam, German HDW scam and such others , are not only to quote a few. Supreme court has shown its unhappiness that no efforts were being made to root out the corruption whereas a lot was being said about it. In a significant judgment the Supreme Court has directed all courts to deal with a heavy hand and deterrent rod persons convicted under Prevention of Corruption Act and said no sympathetic approach is needed in such cases. Tackling the problem requires not only courage and determination but also an effective handling. Such an effort yields long term results as there is quick-fix solution. However lasting success necessitates commitment into a comprehensive anti-corruption strategy. Infrastructure projects involve huge sum of money, much of it public. There is also more of an interface of the public and private sectors. This creates many opportunities for corruption. Private parties are often asked to pay or face delays ad cancellation of projects. Not every investor is willing to collaborate. Corruption or perception of corruption is thus hurting infrastructure development by keeping some investors at bay and slowing others. Unjust nations invite their own Pain and Freedom cannot prevail in a CORRUPT Society. As a behavioral virus causing decay in the moral fiber of political and public life, corruption appears to be an eternal and universal phenomenon. Corruption as a socio-politicoadministrative phenomenon has been understood differently by different sets of viewers, watchers and sufferers. As a deviant behavior it has legal, moral, social and religious dimensions and overtones. It may also be understood as a violation of a social value or as an erosion of an ethical norm. The complexities of corruption as a phenomenon have their ramifications in the social process as a whole. In a wider connotation corruption includes improper or selfish exercise of the contemporary cultural milieu and various pressures arising under exiting schemes of economic, political, legal and social arrangements are vitally responsible for corruption. Corruption, as an oft-discussed subject in India, never fails to evoke a gushing torrent of abuses even from the most docile citizen. Everyone accepts that there has been an inordinate increase in corrupt activities in all spheres of public, private and political life.

Causes of Corruption

There is little doubt that corruption in present-day India pervades all levels and all services, not even sparing the Indian Administrative Service and Judicial Service. The bureaucracy of the British India was considered to be largely untainted with corruption. Compulsions of electoral politics in independent India changed this image and the administrative as well as the police and judicial services came to be charged with colluding with the political leadership to indulge in systematic corruption, making a mockery of democratic governance. The mid-1960s is considered to be the great divide in the history of in India. It marked the fading away of the Gandhian and Nehruvianera of principled politics and the emergence of new politics the keynote of which was amorality. The scams and scandals of the nineties revealed that among the persons accused of corruption were former Prime Ministers, former Chief Ministers, and even former Governors. Indias experience with corruption has shown that laws, rules, regulations, procedures and methods of transaction of government business, however sound and excellent cannot by themselves ensure effective and transparent administration if the political and administrative leadership entrusted with their enforcement fails to do so and abuses its powers for personal gain. Main cause of corruption Why do officials misuse public office for private gain and steal public money? Why does a common man get involved in the corruption and unethical activity? Although there are many causes of corruption but based upon several research, surveys and studies, the following are most common causes in most of the governments and societies: - Lack of rules, regulations, transparency and accountability in public sectors. - Lack of control, supervision and auditing. - Lack of articulated Code of Conduct for public servants and politicians. - Attitudes or circumstances that make average people disregard the law. - The change in the value system and ethical qualities of people. The moral and ethics have declined and most people give more importance to money than excellence.

- Bribe may provide a convenient means of getting work done or avoid any punishment. - Bad incentives, such as any employee not earning enough to live on; so he supplements his income with bribes. - Tolerance of people towards corruption. - Absence of strong public forum or civil society to oppose corruption. - Etc. Indian administration is tainted with scandals. India is among 55 of the 106 countries where corruption is rampant, according to the Corruption Perception Index 2004 Report released by Transparency International India. Corruption in India leads to promotion not prison. It is very difficult to catch big sharks. Corruption in India has wings not wheels. As nation grows, the corrupt also grow to invent new methods of cheating the government and public.

Consequences of Corruption
Indian administration is tainted with scandals. India is among 55 of the 106 countries where corruption is rampant, according to the Corruption Perception Index 2004 Report released by Transparency International India. Corruption in India leads to promotion not prison. It is very difficult to catch big sharks. Corruption in India has wings not wheels. As nation grows, the corrupt also grow to invent new methods of cheating the government and public. In the final analysis, corruption is as much a moral as a development issue. It can distort entire decision- making processes on investment projects and other commercial transactions, and the very social and political fabric of societies. The Supreme Court of India in a recent judgment gave its comments on the far reaching effects of corruption and these comments deserve to be mentioned in some detail. The apex court observed that, Corruption in civilized society is like cancer, which if not detected in time is sure to malign the politics of the country leading to disastrous consequences. It is termed as plague which is not only contagious but if not controlled spreads like a fire in a jungle. Its virus is compared with HIV leading to AIDS, being incurable. It has also been termed as royal thievery. The socio-political system exposed to such dreaded communicable disease is likely to crumble under its own weight. Corruption is opposed to democracy and social order, being not only anti-people, but also aimed and targeted at them. It affects the economy and destroys the cultural heritage. Unless nipped in the bud at the earliest, it is likely to cause turbulence shaking of the socio-economic political system in an otherwise healthy, wealthy, effective and vibrating society" The consequences of corruption are found in following sectors. Economic Development Some fairly robust statistical evidence has now been furnished showing that higher corruption is associated with (i) higher (and more costly) public investment; (ii) lower government revenues; (iii) lower expenditures on operations and maintenance; and (iv) ensuing lower quality of public Infrastructure. The evidence also shows that corruption increases public investment, by making it more expensive, while reducing its productivity. A recent study by the Peruvian economist Paolo Mauro (1995 and 1998) found that a corrupt country is likely to face aggregate investment levels of approximately 5 percentage points less, than a relatively uncorrupt country. The evidence from India is particularly stark. If corruption levels in India were reduced to that in the Scandinavian countries, investments rates could increase annually by some 12 percent and the GDP growth rate by almost 1.5 percent each year. Corruption also acts as an additional tax on investment by lowering the potential return to an investor on both the initial investment and on subsequent returns. In India, current corruption levels mean that the implicit corruption tax on investment is almost 20 percentage points (Gandhi 1997).The impact of corruption on the quality of public infrastructure is all too clearly visible in the towns and cities of India. The Public Works Department and the State Electricity Boards which are largely responsible for the

maintenance of roads and management of power distribution respectively are among the most corrupt government departments in India. In the capital city of Delhi itself the transmission and distribution losses in the power sector are estimated to be over50% out of which almost 30% is attributed to theft which is done with the connivance of the electricity board employees. A former Chairman of the Delhi16Electricity Board (DVB) was very recently suspended and charged with amassing assets worth over 14 crore rupees, which is almost a hundred times more than his known sources of income. Such massive corruption is certainly one of the main reasons for perennial power shortages and frequent breakdowns in the capital. Corruption also reduces the governments resources and hence its Capacity for investment, since tax revenues are depleted by tax evasion. This has two adverse effects: first, shifts away from investments in development areas occur as bribe-takers are less likely to investing activities with significant positive social benefits like education and health. Second, overall investment levels may fall, since conspicuous consumption or flight of illegal earnings is probably higher than legal earnings. The high potential for capital flight of illegal earnings makes corruption more likely to be associated with a negative impact on the balance of payments. Indias Chief Vigilance Commissioner recently observed that, Indias economy today is a standing monument to the corruption and inefficiency of four specific departments, namely, Customs, Central Excise, Income Tax and Enforcement Directorate. It is the evasion of taxes and the failure of these departments to check illegal activities that has crystallized into the large percentage of black money in the economy. The quantum of black money has-been estimated from Rs.40,000 crores to Rs.100,000 crores. Whole industries17today depend on black money. The film industry, a substantial part of the construction industry and a large number of small industries are run on the basis of black mone. Social Welfare The damaging effects of corruption on investment and economic growth are widely recognized. But corruption also has adverse effects on human development. First, corruption reduces the availability and increases the cost of basic social services. Access to core social services can be easily restricted with the intention to make corrupt gains. For instance, a government doctor may deliberately store away free medicines until he is bribed, a police inspector may deny a First Information Report to a victim until he is paid a kickback, and a principal may refuse to admit a child in a school until he is paid under-the counter. Since obtaining access to basic public services normally requires an illegal cash payment, corruption also raises the price of these services. Second, in addition to a decrease in total government expenditure (due to tax evasion), corruption also shifts government expenditure from priority social sector spending to areas, where the opportunities for rent-seeking are greater and the possibilities for detection are lower. Allocating government funds to a few large defense contracts or mega-projects may seem more attractive to corrupt bureaucrats and politicians than spending the same money to build numerous rural health clinics (Bardhan 1997). Similarly, there may be a temptation to choose more

complex technology (where detecting improper valuation or over invoicing is more difficult) than simpler, and more appropriate technology. Political System Politically, corruption increases injustice and disregard for rule of law. Basic human rights and freedoms come under threat, as key judicial decisions are based on the extent of corrupt bribes given to court officials rather than on the innocence or guilt of the parties concerned. Police investigations and arrests may be based on political victimization or personal vendettas rather than on solid legal grounds. Commenting on the socio-political consequences of corruption the Supreme Court of India observed in the judgment cited above that corruption in a civilized society was a disease like cancer. If not detected in time it was sure to turn the polity malignant leading to disastrous consequences. The apex court said a socio-political system exposed to such a dreaded communicable disease was likely to crumble under its own weight.

SCAMS IN INDIA
Bofors scandal
The Bofors scandal was a major corruption scandal in India in the 1980s; the then Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and several others were accused of receiving kickbacks from Bofors AB for winning a bid to supply India's 155 mm field howitzer. The scale of the corruption was far worse than any that India had seen before, and directly led to the defeat of Gandhi's ruling Indian National Congress party in the November 1989 general elections. It has been speculated that the scale of the scandal was to the tune of Rs. 400 million.[1] The case came to light during Vishwanath Pratap Singh's tenure as defence minister, and was revealed through investigative journalism by Chitra Subramaniam andN. Ram of the newspapers the Indian Express and The Hindu.[2]

Ottavio Quattrocchi was accused as the middleman in the scandal because of his intimacy with Rajiv and his Italian-born wife Sonia Gandhi. Magazine cover from India Today The name of the middleman associated with the scandal was Ottavio Quattrocchi, an Italian businessman who represented the petrochemicals firm Snamprogetti. Quattrocchi was reportedly close to the family of Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and emerged as a powerful broker in the 1980s between big businesses and the Indian government. Even while the case was being investigated, Rajiv Gandhi was assassinated on May 21, 1991 for an unrelated cause. In 1997, the Swiss banks released some 500 documents after years of legal and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) filed a case against Quattrocchi, Win Chadha, also naming Rajiv Gandhi, the defence secretary S. K. Bhatnagar and a number of others.[3] In the meantime, Win Chadha also died.[4] Meanwhile February 5, 2004 the Delhi High Court quashed the charges of bribery against Rajiv Gandhi and others,[5] but the case is still being tried on charges of cheating, causing wrongful loss to the Government, etc. On May 31, 2005, the High court of Delhi dismissed the Bofors case allegations against the British business brothers, Shrichand, Gopichand and Prakash Hinduja.[6] In December 2005, the Mr B. Daat, the additional solicitor general of India, acting on behalf of the Indian Government and the CBI, requested the British Government that two British bank accounts of Ottavio Quattrocchi be de-frozen on the grounds of insufficient evidence to link these accounts to the Bofors payoff. The two accounts, containing 3 million and $1 million, had been frozen . On January 16, the Indian Supreme Court directed the Indian government to ensure that Ottavio Quattrocchi did not withdraw money from the two bank accounts in London. The CBI, the Indian federal

law enforcement agency, on January 23, 2006 admitted that roughly Rs 21 crore, about USD $4.6 million, in the two accounts have already been withdrawn. The British Government released the funds based on a request by the Indian Government.[7] The deals cost the Government of India an extra 160 crore rupees.[8] However, on January 16, 2006, CBI claimed in an affidavit filed before the Supreme court that they were still pursuing extradition orders forOttavio Quattrocchi. The Interpol, at the request of the CBI, has a long standing red corner notice to arrest Quattrocchi.[9] Quattrocchi was detained in Argentina on 6 February 2007, but the news of his detention was released by the CBI only on 23 February. Quattrocchi has been released by Argentinian police. However, his passport has been impounded and he is not allowed to leave the country.[10] However, as there was no extradition treaty between India and Argentina, this case was presented in the Argentine Supreme Court. The government of India lost the extradition case as the government of India did not provide a key court order which was the basis of Quattrochi's arrest. In the aftermath, the government did not appeal this decision owing delays in securing an official English translation of the court's decision.[11] The Italian businessman no longer figures in the CBI's list of wanted persons and the 12-year Interpol red corner notice against the lone surviving suspect in the Bofors payoff case has been withdrawn from the agencys website after the CBIs appeal

2G spectrum scam
he 2G spectrum scam involved officials in the government of India illegally undercharging mobile telephony companies for frequency allocation licenses, which they would use to create 2Gsubscriptions for cell phones. According to a report submitted by the Comptroller and Auditor General based on money collected from 2G licenses, the loss to the exchequer was 176,379 crore (US$38.27 billion). The issuing of the 2G licenses occurred in 2008, but the scam came to public notice when the Indian Income Tax Department investigated political lobbyist Niira Radia and the Supreme Court of India took Subramaniam Swamy's complaints on record [With Case type:Writ Petition (Civil),Case No:10, Year:2011] [1]. The case details of the main PIL filed with the supreme court is Type:Writ Petition (Civil),Case No:423, Year:2010 [2].

In 2008, the Income Tax department, after orders from the ministry of Home and the PMO, began tapping the phones of Niira Radia. This was done to help with an ongoing investigation into a case where it was alleged that Niira Radia had acted as a spy[3]. Some of the many conversations recorded over 300 days were leaked to the media. The intense controversy around the leaked tapes, became known in the media as the Radia tapes controversy. The tapes featured some explosive conversations between Politicians, Journalists and Corporate Houses. Politicians from Karunanidhi to Arun Jaitley[citation needed], journalists like Barkha Dutt and Vir Sanghvi and Industrial groups like the Tata's were either participants or mentioned in these explosive tapes. Politicians involved

A. Raja, the Ex-Minister of Communications and Information Technology who was the minister when the controversial second round of spectrum allocations took place. Mr.Raja, an MP of theDravida Munnetra Kazhagam from the Nilgiris constituency, was forced to resign following the public outcry.

Arun Shourie, the minister for Telecom during 2003 in the previous BJP regime. It was Arun Shourie who introduced the controversial technology neutral "Unified Access License", which allowed fixed line operators who had paid much lower license fees to offer mobile phone services, at first in the limited WLL mode (Wireless local loop) and later, following an out of court settlement between mobile operators and the BJP govt, full mobility. This gave an advantage to players like Reliance and Tata Teleservices who managed to get mobile spectrum without paying the hefty fees that earlier operators like BPL Mobile had paid.

Pramod Mahajan, the minister for Telecom between 1999 and 2003. Mr.Mahajan was the minister when the BJP Government took the controversial decision to shift from a license fee based regime to a revenue sharing model which was roundly condemned both by political parties and by economic experts.[4] The Comptroller and Auditor General also filed adverse reports citing a loss of over 64,000 crore (US$13.89 billion) caused by this decision. The crux of A. Raja's defence is that he was following a policy of 2G allocations put in place by the BJP and it would be unfair to levy prices based on 3G spectrum to 2G licenses. Pramod Mahajan, who was seen to be friendly with various corporate houses, had been brought in to replace Jagmohan as Telecom minister just days before the decision was announced. The biggest beneficiary of this abrupt shift in policy was Reliance

Infocomm who gained thousands of crores of spectrum without paying a dime in additional license fees. Pramod Mahajan and his cronies are reported to have received benami shares of Reliance Industries as a "gift Bureaucrats involved

Siddhartha Behura, former telecom secretary who served in the DOT at the time of the 2G allocation. Pradip Baijal, a bureaucrat who is alleged to have implemented policies that favored certain Telecom companies when he was heading the TRAI. Post retirement, Baijal joined Noesis, a consulting firm promoted by Niira Radia[6][7][8]. Raja has made references to Baijal's decisions in 2003 as the basis for his decisions in 2008. The houses and offices of the bureaucrat were recently raided by the Central Bureau of Investigation as part of their investigations.[9].

R K Chandolia, private secretary of Raja during UPA-I when the licences were awarded. He was an Indian Economic Service officer of the 1984 batch cadre.When Raja became the Telecom Minister once again in UPA-II, Chandolia had been promoted to the Joint Secretary rank. Raja re-designated him Economic Adviser, that gave him the charge of all important policy-related work. Chandolia interacted with all the licensees. It is said that it was Chandolia who, from DDG-access services A K Srivastava's room, had handed out letters of intent to representatives of various companies [10].

Corporations involved

Unitech Group a real estate company entering the telecom industry with its 2G bid; sold 60% of its company stake at huge profit to Telenor after buying licensing (Including land values properties for towers)[11] Swan Telecom sold 45% of its company stake at huge profit to Emirates Telecommunications Corporation (Etisalat) after buying licensing[11] Loop Mobile Videocon Telecommunications Limited S Tel Reliance Communications Sistema Shyam Mobile (MTS) Sistema Mobile Russia Tata Communications

Vodafone Essar Dishnet Wireless Allianz Infra[12]

A. Raja arranged the sale of the 2G spectrum licenses below their market value. Swan Telecom, a new company with few assets, bought a license for 1,537 crore (US$333.53 million).[15] Shortly thereafter, the board sold 45% of the company to Etisalat for 4,200 crore (US$911.4 million). Similarly, a company formerly invested in real estate and not telecom, the Unitech Group, purchased a license for 1,661 crore (US$360.44 million) and the company board soon after sold a 60% stake in their wireless division for 6,200 crore (US$1.35 billion) to Telenor.[15] The nature of the selling of the licenses was that licenses were to be sold at market value, and the fact that the licenses were quickly resold at a huge profit indicates that the selling agents issued the licenses below market value. Nine companies purchased licenses and collectively they paid the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology's telecommunications division 10,772 crore (US$2.34 billion).[15] The amount of money expected for this licensing by the Comptroller and Auditor General of India was 176,700 crore (US$38.34 billion)

Stock Market Scandal

Mehta gradually rose to become a stock broker on the Bombay Stock Exchange and had an expensive lifestyle. He lived in a 15,000 square feet (1,400 m2) apartment, which had a swimming pool as well as a golf patch. By 1990 Harshad Mehta had risen to prominence in the stock market. He had been buying shares heavily. The shares which attracted attention were those of Associated Cement Company (ACC). The price of ACC was bid up to Rs 10,000. For those who asked, Mehta had the replacement cost theory as an explanation. The theory basically argues that old companies should be valued on the basis of the amount of money which would be required to create another such company. Through the second half of 1991 Mehta had earned the sobriquet of the Big Bull, who was said to have started the bull run.

On April 23, 1992, journalist Sucheta Dalal in a column in The Times of India, exposed the dubious ways of Harshad Metha. The broker was dipping illegally into the banking system to finance his buying. The authors explain: The crucial mechanism through which the scam was effected was the ready forward (RF) deal. The RF is in essence a secured short-term (typically 15day) loan from one bank to another. Crudely put, the bank lends against government securities just as a pawnbroker lends against jeweller. The borrowing bank actually sells the securities to the lending bank and buys them back at the end of the period of the loan, typically at a slightly higher price. It was this ready forward deal that Harshad Mehta and his cronies used with great success to channel money from the banking system. A typical ready forward deal involved two banks brought together by a broker in lieu of a commission. The broker handles neither the cash nor the securities, though that wasnt the case in the lead-up to the scam. In this settlement process, deliveries of securities and payments were made through the broker. That is, the seller handed over the securities to the broker, who passed them to the buyer, while the buyer gave the cheque to the broker, who then made the payment to the seller. In this settlement process, the buyer and the seller might not even know whom they had traded with, either being known only to the broker. This the brokers could manage primarily because by now they had become market makers and had started trading on their account. To keep up a semblance of legality, they pretended to be undertaking the transactions on behalf of a bank. Another instrument used in a big way was the bank receipt (BR). In a ready forward deal, securities were not moved back and forth in actuality. Instead, the borrower, i.e. the seller of securities, gave the buyer of the securities a BR. As the authors write, a BR confirms the sale of securities. It acts as a receipt for the money received by the selling bank. Hence the name - bank receipt. It promises to deliver the securities to the buyer. It also states that in the mean time, the seller holds the securities in trust of the buyer. Having figured this out, Mehta needed banks, which issue fake BRs, or BRs not backed by any government securities. Two small and little known banks - the Bank of Karad (BOK) and the Metropolitan Co-operative Bank (MCB) - came in handy for this purpose.

These banks were willing to issue BRs as and when required, for a fee, the authors point out. Once these fake BRs were issued, they were passed on to other banks and the banks in turn gave money to Mehta, obviously assuming that they were lending against government securities when this was not really the case. This money was used to drive up the prices of stocks in the stock market. When time came to return the money, the shares were sold for a profit and the BR was retired. The money due to the bank was returned. The game went on as long as the stock prices kept going up, and no one had a clue about Mehtas modus operandi. Once the scam was exposed though, a lot of banks were left holding BRs which did not have any value - the banking system had been swindled of a whopping Rs 4,000 crore. When the scam was finally revealed, the Chairman of the Vijaya Bank committed suicide by jumping from the office roof because he knew that if people come to know about his involvement in issuing cheques to Harshad Mehta, people would accuse him. Mehta made a brief comeback as a stock market guru, giving tips on his own website as well as a weekly newspaper column. This time around, he was in cahoots with owners of a few companies and recommended only those shares. This game, too, did not last long.[1] Interestingly, by the time he died, Mehta had been convicted in only one of the many cases filed against him. Till now, the real story behind the entire scam is unknown. The recent Hindi movie 'Gafla' showed this scam in a different perspective

Right To Information [RTI]

Introduction The Government of India always lays emphasis on making the lives of its citizens easy, smooth and making India truly democratic and keeping this in mind the RTI Act has been established. RTI stands for Right To Information and has been given the status of a fundamental right under Article 19(1) of the Constitution. Article 19 (1) under which every citizen has freedom of speech and expression and have the right to know how the government works, what role does it play, what are its functions and so on. The Act confers right to the citizens to know as to how the taxpayers money is being spent by the Government. Right to Information Act empowers every citizen to seek any information, take notes, extracts or certified copies of documents or records, take certified samples of material. The RTI Act extends to the whole of India (except the State of Jammu and Kashmir), all bodies, which come under Government notification including NGOs, which are owned, controlled or are substantially financed by the Government. RTI Act confers right to access to information held by a Public Authority. In case,you have been denied the access to information you may file Appeal / Complaint before the Central Information Commission (CIC) using the CIC Online.

What is RTI? RTI stands for "Right to Information". Right to Information is a fundamental right that every citizen has! Basically, the RTI gives you all the information that you want about the Govt. and what they are doing with your tax money! You have the right to ask the Govt. why the roads outside your house are not fixed, why have you not received your rashan card as yet, why is there so much garbage in your area that is not picked up etc. If RTI is a fundamental right, then why do we need an Act? Simply because if you go into a Government office and demand that they tell you why your work has not been done, they will not entertain you or might even throw you out. If its a law, then it becomes harder to do this. If they do not give you the information you want, they will have broken a law and can be punished for it! Who will give me information ? One or more officers in every Government Department have been made "Public Information Officers" (PIO). If you want some information, you need to file an application with the PIO. The PIOs are responsible for collecting information wanted by you and providing that information to you. Also, several officers have been appointed as Assistant Public Information Officers (APIOs). Their job is only to accept applications from the public and forward it to the right PIO. Can the PIO refuse to give information? A PIO can refuse information on certain subjects. These include information received in confidence from foreign governments, information prejudicial to security, strategic, scientific or economic interests of the country, breach of privilege of legislatures, etc. Where to submit the application for information? You can do that with the PIO or with APIO of the Government department you are questioning. In the case of all Central Government Departments, certain "post offices" have been designated as APIOs. This means that you can go to any of these post offices and submit your fee and application at the RTI counter in these post offices. They will issue you a receipt and acknowledgement and it is then the responsibility of that post office to deliver it to the right PIO. The list of these post offices is given here. Fess for RTI There is an application fee. For Central Government Departments, it is Rs.10. However, different states have different fees.

For getting information, you have to pay Rs.2 per page of information provided for Central Government Departments. It is different for different states. Similarly, there is a fee for inspection of documents. There is no fee for first hour of inspection, but after that, you have to pay Rs.5 for every hour or inspection. This is according to Central Rules. For each state, you need to see respective state rules. You can deposit fee in cash or through a DD or bankers cheque or postal order. You can then deposit your application either by post or by hand. What should I do if the PIO does not accept my application? You can send it by post. Once you send it along with the fee, your job is done. You should also make a formal complaint to the respective Information Commission. The Information Commissioner has the power to impose a penalty of Rs.25,000 on the concerned PIO officer who refused to accept your application. But it is most likely that the PIO will accept your application. Is there an "application form" to be filled? For Central Government Departments, there is no form. You should apply on a plain sheet of paper like an ordinary application. However, many states and some ministries and departments have prescribed formats. You should apply in these formats. Please read rules of your respective state. How can I apply for information? Draft your application on a normal sheet of paper and submit it by post or in person to the Public Information Officer (PIO). [Remember to keep a copy of the application for your personal reference.] How can I send my application fee? Every state has a different mode of payment for application fee. Generally, you can deposit your application fee via: In person by paying cash [remember to take your receipt] Demand Draft Indian Postal Order Money orders (only in some states) Affixing Court fee Stamp (only in some states) Bankers cheque

Some state governments have some "head of account". You are required to deposit fee in that account. For that, you can either go to any branch of SBI and deposit cash in that account and attach deposit receipt with your RTI application. Or you can also send a postal order or a DD drawn in favor of that account along with your RTI application. Please see respective state rules. What if the PIO is not available? In case the PIO is not available you can submit your application with the Assistant PIO or any other officer designated to accept the RTI applications. Where can I find the concerned PIO? A list of PIOs/APIOs for all Central and State departments/Ministries is available online at www.rti.gov.in What if I can not locate my PIO or APIO? In case you have problems locating your PIO/APIO you can address your RTI application to the PIO C/o Head of Department and send it to the concerned department with the requisite application fee. The Head of Department will have to forward your application to the concerned PIO. Is there a time limit to receiving information? Yes. If you file your application with the PIO, you must receive information within 30 days. In case you have filed your application with Assistant PIO then information has to be made available within 35 days. Do I have to give reasons why I want a particular information? Absolutely not! You are not required to give any reasons or additional information other than your contact details (i.e., Name, Address, and Phone No.) Can the PIO refuse to accept my RTI application? No. The PIO can not refuse to accept your application for information under "any circumstances". Even if the information does not pertain to his/her department/jurisdiction, she/he has to accept it. If the application does not pertain to that PIO, he would have to transfer it to the right PIO within 5 days. How does this law help me in getting my work done? Let us take the case of Ram. He was not being given his ration card. But when he applied under RTI, he was given a card within a week. What did Ram ask? He asked the following questions: I filed an application for a duplicate ration card on 27th January 2004. Please tell me the daily progress made on my application so far. i.e. when did my application reach which officer, for how long did it stay with that officer and what did he/she do during that period?

According to the rules, my card should have been made in 10 days. However, it is more than three months now. Please give the names and designations of the officials who were supposed to take action on my application and who have not done so? What action would be taken against these officials for not doing their work and for causing harassment to the public? By when would that action be taken? By when would I get my card now? In normal circumstances, such an application would be thrown in a dustbin. But this law says that the PIO has to reply in 30 days. If they dont do that, their salary could be deducted. The problem is that it is not easy to answer these questions. The first question is: Please provide the daily progress made on my application There is no progress made. But the government officials cannot write in that they have not acted for so many months. Else that would be admission of guilt on paper. Which in a legal term for saying that they are going to be booted The next question is: Please provide the names and designations of the officers who were supposed to take action on my application and who had not done. If the government provides names and designations of the officials, their responsibility gets fixed. Any officer is most scared of fixing of responsibility against him in this manner. So, the moment one files such an application, his/her pending work is done. What should I do after getting information? It depends on why you asked for that information and what type of information is it. Often a lot of things start falling in place just by asking for information. For instance, you would get your passport or a ration card just by asking for the status of your application. In many cases, roads got repaired as soon as the "money spent" on repairs was asked. So, seeking information and questioning the government is an important step, which in itself is complete in many cases. But suppose you expose some corruption or wrongdoing using RTI. Then, you can complain to vigilance agencies, CBI or even file an FIR. But one thing is certain. Seeking information like this and exposing the corruption does improve the future. The officials get a clear message that the people of that area have become alert and any wrongdoings in future would not remain hidden as they were in the past. So, their risks of getting caught increase.

How to save INDIA from corruption by using RTI Act?

In this article we have talked about the RTI (Right to Information) act. This act, has given the people, the power to CHANGE the country. The RTI act has made the inner working of the Govt. transparent! If YOU, the average citizen learns to use this act, YOU can change the country. In this article, we have told you everything that you need to know about the RTI Act, how you can use it, how it affects you etc! Even if you know nothing about politics or laws do not worry. This article is written in a very simple and easy to understand way keeping the lay man in mind. If you think that the RTI Act does not affect you, "YOU ARE WRONG!" If you are a citizen of Indian, the RTI Act has given you a lot of power that you can and must use. For example, next time you ask for a phone line or a water connection, if you use the RTI Act, you can get your work done quickly. You will not have to make 15 trips to the Government offices and bribe and beg the officials to get your work done. RTI has changed all that. Through this article we will show you how to use RTI, to get your work done! Are the roads outside your house terrible, RTI will help you solve the problem. Is there a problem of un-hygiene in your area, RTI will help you solve your problem. If you are young and cannot appreciate all the above points, then believe us that sooner or later you will have to go and get some of your work done through Government offices. When you do, you will appreciate the power RTI. But, by then it will be too late. Why? Because there is talk about RTI being changed so that the power is taken away from the people. In this article we have showed you how you can fight this and support RTI. Basically, if you are an Indian, YOU MUST read this! Not only that, do tell as many people as you can to also read this. Do this for your country! Now, in the next section we shall try to understand what the RTI Act is all about...

Don't pay bribes - Get your Government related work done!

Generally, when you go to a Government office to get some work done, the situation is quite pathetic. The Government employees will either not listen to you or they will give you a vague response or they will raise some irrelevant objection. This is generally done because the employees are fishing for a bribe! They are hoping that you will get frustrated and give them a bribe to move things faster! Do not give the bribe to them. Use the RTI Act and get your work done. Here we will show you how you can do this! Just as an example, let us assume that you applied for a new water connection about a year back, but still nothing has happened about it. What you should do is, write an application according to the rules of your state and send it to the PIO of the Govt. department you are dealing with. The application you write can be on these lines: I had applied for a new water connection about a year back, but have not received the same. Copy of the receipt of the same is enclosed for your reference. Please provide the following information with respect to the same: Please provide the daily progress report made on my application. Please give the names and designations of the officials with whom my application was lying during this period. Please intimate the periods when it was lying with which officer and what was the action taken by that official during that period. Please give the proof of receipt and dispatch of my application in the office of each of these officials. According to your rules, in how many days should a new water connection be granted. Please provide a copy of these rules. The above officials have not adhered to the time limit mentioned in these rules. Are these officials guilty of violating these rules and hence guilty of misconduct under their conduct rules. Please give a copy of their conduct rule, which they have violated by violating the above mentioned rule. These officials have caused serious mental injury to me by making me run around all this while. Are these officials guilty of causing mental harassment to the public? What action can be taken against these officials for violating all the above rules and the conduct rules? By when this action would be taken? By when would I be granted my water connection?

Normally, it becomes difficult for the officials to reply to these questions. If they do reply to all the above questions, this will lead to them taking action against the officers who have not been performing their duties. The general experience is that the moment you file such an application, the work is done.

How to get your neighbourhood cleaned up?

Does your area remain very dirty? The municipal sweepers rarely show up? Submit an application to the appropriate PIO on the following lines: I live at (give your address). Please provide the following information with respect to the sanitary conditions of the beat in which my house falls: 1. Please provide the list of all the sweepers and sanitation officials with their addresses and contact nos. working in this beat. 2. Please provide copy of attendance register for this beat for the month of (mention the last month). 3. Please provide copy of muster roll for this beat for the month of (mention the last month). 4. Please mention against each sweeper, his geographical and functional job responsibilities, for instance, which streets is a particular sweeper supposed to be working everyday and what is he supposed to be doing in those streets. 5. I am told that after lunch the sweepers are supposed to go on fateek duty every day in which all the sweepers intensively clean one area each day. Please give the fateek duty schedule for the entire month for the above month. 6. Does the fateek schedule remain the same every month or does it change? If it is different for each month, please give me the fateek duty schedule for the next three months. 7. Please give a list of all the sanitation officials in this beat who were absent anytime during the last six months. Please mention durations of absence in each case. 8. In how many of these cases, applications for leave were received. Please give copies of these leave applications. After you receive the list of sweepers, you can inform the people in your area about the names of the sweepers employed in respective streets. The people may like to keep a watch on whether the sweeper is coming or not. Specific complaints could then be made to the authorities about which sweeper was absent and when. If no action is taken, file a RTI once more and ask about why action has not been taken and who is accountable. Action will be taken! Do you have a garbage bin in your area which is not being cleaned regularly? File an application and seek information on the following lines: There is a garbage bin at (give address of the garbage bin). Please provide the following information with respect to this garbage bin: Please give the address of the Depot from where the loader and truck for this garbage bin are sent? Please give the vehicle nos of the truck and the loader assigned for picking up garbage from this garbage bin. As per the vehicle beat register maintained at the Depot, please give the time when these vehicles left the Depot and at what time did they return to the Depot on each day from ________ to _________ (mention the period for which you want this detail). On each of the days during the above period, please mention the addresses of the garbage bins, which were serviced by these vehicles.

Please give the numbers of trips made by this truck on each of these days. On each of these trips, please mention the weight of the garbage picked up by this truck, as per the weighment receipts at landfill sites. This garbage bin has not been cleaned for the last _____ days. The area SI is supposed to send balance report to the workshop SI everyday giving details of the garbage left unattended. On the basis of this report, the workshop SI is supposed to get such garbage picked up. Please give copies of balance reports sent by the area SI for each day during this period. Does the balance report for each of these days mention that the garbage at this bin is not being picked up? If no, why has the area SI not been mentioning the same?

Normally, it becomes difficult for the officials to reply to these questions because the records about these things are probably not maintained. If they do reply to all the above questions, this will lead to them taking action against the officers who have not been performing their duties. Generally, so that no further inquires are made, the work is done immediately.

How to fight against corruption?

Generally, cases of corruption are either dropped on some technicality or the progress in these cases is very slow due to some influence. Because of this, corrupt officials go free! You can put an end to this. Use RTI! You can seek details from the vigilance wing of any government department. Incase you dont know, the vigilance wing is supposed to keep an eye out and investigate into all malpractices, frauds etc. You can send an application to the PIO and ask for the following details: 1. Please give a list of all the officials against whom any complaint of corruption was received from any quarter during the period ________ to _______. 2. Please give copies of all these complaints. 3. Out of the above, which of the cases have been dropped and why? I would like to inspect all these files. Please intimate the date and time when I can come to inspect these files. 4. Please indicate the progress being made in the rest of the cases.

Get your Govt. grievances sloved!

If you have a grievance or problem against any Govt. detpartment, you can use the depa rtments Grievance Redressal Machinery to voice your problem so that it may be solved. Unfortunately, the officers in charge do little about the grievances that they receive. You can change this. Now, you can keep a check on the working of the grievance redressal machinery of any department. Use RTI and ask for the following details: Please give a list of all the grievances received by all the officers in your department during the period ________ to _______. The list should contain the following details: 1. Name and address of the complainant 2. The circle/district etc to which it pertains 3. Brief description of the grievance 4. Date of receipt of grievance 5. Date of redressal of grievance 6. Nature of redressal 7. If not redressed, reasons for the same 8. As per law, in how many days such a grievance should be redressed 9. Name of the official responsible for the delay 10. Action proposed to be taken against this official for delay 11. Is grievance against an official? If yes, name of the person 12. What action has been taken against that employee? 13. If any enquiry carried out, results of the same 14. If no enquiry carried out, why? 15. Please give copies of all the complaints and enquiry reports made against the officials alleged to be guilty. Once investigation into these matters begin, the Govt. department will have to start correcting itself.

Know what the Govt. is doing with your tax money!

Right to Information Act allows any citizen to inspect any government work. You can inspect an old project (which has already been completed) or a current ongoing project. If you inspect ongoing work, you will be able to prevent corruption from taking place in that work. Most of the corruption takes place in records! For example, only 100 metres of road would be made but the officials would fill up 200 metres and would make payment for 200 metres. Even if there is a inspection, the officials think that they will be able to bribe their way through it. But if, you file an application under the Right to Information Act before the start of any work, saying that, you want to inspect that work once it is completed, the officials would now know that someone from the public is going to inspect their work! Now, they will not enter wrong measurements in the records. They will also be careful in using inferior material if you have asked for sample of material. File an RTI application that asks for the following information: I would like to inspect the following documents related to the works. These records should be made available to me for inspection when I come for inspection of these works: a. Measurement Book b. Details of Estimates c. Sketches When you file such an application, you will be given a date, time and venue where you should go for inspection. When you go for inspection, please keep the following in mind: It would be good if you take a technically qualified person along with you. Get him to verify each and every aspect. Make sure that they are using quality material. If you find corruption, report it and file an RTI to check the status of your report. The Govt. have given to us this great tool that makes us in control of everything that is done around us. Use this tool. Do not let corruption prevail. But, what is more important, let us make sure that the RTI Act remains. Wheter you use the act or not, we need your support so that others may use the act and keep a watch over the Govt...

Save RTI! Act

Unfortunately,since the law exposes all the corruption taking place within the Govt. departments, the officials in the Government departments are opposing this law. All the politicians that sit on the tax payers money are feeling the crunch. They too are opposing he law. There are now talks going on about the diluting the law. The law in its diluted form will be useless. People will loose the power that they had to expose the truth about the Govt. organizations. You must help save this law. Whether or not you use the law is another thing. Help save the RTI Act so that other may make use of it and help improve our nation. There are many RTI activists who everyday exposing Govt. frauds and forcing the Government to improve. Support them! Support RTI!

Whistleblowers
Whistleblowers play a major role in the fight against corruption. India currently does not have a law to protect whistleblowers, which was highlighted by the assassination of Satyendra Dubey. 1.Satyendra Dubey Satyendra Kumar Dubey was a project director at the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI). He was murdered in Gaya, Bihar after fighting corruption in the Golden Quadrilateral highway construction project. The GQ project had strict controls to ensure that the construction work would be carried on by experienced firms with proper systems. A second independent contract was given for supervision of the project. However, Dubey discovered that the contracted firm, Larsen and Toubro, had been subcontracting the actual work to smaller low-technology groups, controlled by the local mafia. When he wrote to his boss, NHAI Project Director SK Soni, and to Brig Satish Kapoor, engineer overlooking the supervision, there was no action. According to the police's First Information Report (FIR) after his murder, Dubey had been facing several threats following his action against corruption at Koderma. A subsequent FIR filed by the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) named both Soni and Kapoor. In August 2003 when he was transferred to Gaya, a transfer which he opposed since he felt that it did not serve the interests of NHAI. At Gaya, he exposed large-scale flouting of NHAI rules regarding sub-contracting and quality control. At this time he took a departmental test and was promoted as deputy general manager, which made him eligible to take charge as project director. Since there was no project director's post in Gaya, he was likely to be posted to Koderma soon. There was widespread sentiment (based on their pattern of operation), that the criminal nexus, opposed to having him as director, may have been behind his murder. Meanwhile, faced with the possibility of high-level corruption within the NHAI, Dubey wrote directly to the Prime Minister, Atal Bihari Vajpayee, detailing the financial and contractual irregularities in the project. While the letter was not signed, he attached a separate bio-data so that the matter would be taken more seriously. Despite a direct request that his identity be kept secret and despite the letter's sensitive content, accusing some of Dubey's superiors, the letter along with bio-data was forwarded immediately to the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways. Dubey also sent the same letter to the Chairman of the NHAI. Soon Dubey received a reprimand: the vigilance office of NHAI officially cautioned Dubey for the impropriety of writing a letter directly to the Prime minister. In the process, through connections in the NHAI and the Ministry, it is likely that the letter may have reached the criminal nexus running the highway construction projects in Bihar.

The letter said the NHAI officials showed a great hurry in giving mobilisation advance to selected contractors for financial consideration. "In some cases the contractors have been given mobilisation advance just a day after signing the contract agreement." "The entire mobilisation advance of 10 per cent of contract value, which goes up to Rs 40 crore (USD 10 million) in certain cases, are paid to contractors within a few weeks of award of work but there is little follow up to ensure that they are actually mobilised at the site with the same pace, and the result is that the advance remains lying with contractors or gets diverted to their other activities," it said. Dubey also highlighted the problems of sub-contracting by the primary contractors like Larsen and Toubro. "Though the NHAI is going for international competitive bidding to procure the most competent civil contractors for execution of its projects, when it comes to actual execution, it is found that most of the works, sometimes even up to 100 per cent are subcontracted to petty contractors incapable of executing such big projects," he said. Everyone in the NHAI is aware of the phenomenon of subcontracting but looked the other way. "A dream project of unparalleled importance to the Nation but in reality a great loot of public money because of very poor implementation at every state." wrote Dubey. Finally, he ends: "I have written all these in my individual capacity. However, I will keep on addressing these issues in my official capacity in the limited domain within the powers delegated to me," the letter said On November 27, 2003, Dubey was returning from a wedding in Varanasi, and called his driver to meet him at the station. He reached Gaya railway station at three in the morning, and found that the his car was not able to come because of a battery malfunction. It appears that at this point Dubey decided to take a rickshaw home. When he didnt reach home, his driver went to look for him and found him dead by the side of the road in the suburb of A.P. Colony. He had been shot. The news ignited tremendous public hue and cry. The matter was raised in Parliament, and the Prime Minister shifted the onus of investigation from the Bihar Police (who might themselves be implicated), to the CBI.[2] The CBI registered a case against unknown persons under 120-B (criminal conspiracy) and 302 (murder) of Indian Penal Code and various provision under the Arms Act on December 14, 2003.

2. Exposing Port Trust scam cost man job

Close on the heels of murders of eight Right to Information (RTI) activists in first seven months of the year, a shocking case of a whistle-blower being hounded out by the Kandla Port Trust (KPT) and Shipping Ministry has come to light. Manoranjan Kumar, a former deputy chairman of the KPT, is without a job since 2007, after he exposed a multi-crore scam allegedly involving 12,000 acres of land at one of the country's largest ports located in the Gulf of Kutch at Gandhidham, Gujarat. The Shipping Ministry, which controls the port, refused to accept the Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT) order directing it to allow Kumar to complete his tenure as the KPT deputy chief. It challenged the order in Delhi High Court. "The applicant (Kumar), in our view is on a solid wicket to state that he is a whistle-blower. He brought to the notice of the authorities irregularities going on in the port for several years," the CAT had stated in its February-2009 order. The CAT, in its 58-page order, said, "If the system may not protect the applicant, the court must come to his rescue, otherwise no whistle-blower would ever dare to expose corruption." The CBI has launched a probe into the matter. "KPT's former chief vigilance officer Manoranjan Kumar's complaint to the Central Vigilance Commission as the basis, the CBI has registered a preliminary probe into the alleged land scam," CBI informed the Delhi HC on July 14. All these developments, however, have failed to move the KPT and the Shipping Ministry. Kumar, a 1986-batch Indian Economic Service officer, was sent on a five-year deputation from the Textiles Ministry to the KPT. Shortly after he was given the additional charge of the Chief Vigilance Officer. In July 2007, the Shipping Ministry wanted a probe into the allegations of the port land having been illegally leased out. In his report, Kumar provided details of port land being illegally occupied without payment of lease to the KPT. This report was not to the liking of the ministry officials, who ordered Kumar to be relieved of his duties and sent back to the Textiles Ministry.He refused and decided to fight. He continues to do so, but is without a job, awaiting the court verdict.

Anti-Corruption system in India

Some of the anti corruption institution in India are as follows: The Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) is an independent watchdog agency established in 1964. The CVC has the power to undertake inquiries or investigations of transactions involving certain categories of public servants. It also has supervisory powers over the Central Bureau of Investigations. The CVC can investigate complaints against high level public officials at the central level, in cases where they are suspected of having committed an offence under the Prevention of Corruption Act. The CVC is mandated to investigate public sector corruption at the federal level and not at the state level. The CVC has an online whistleblower complaint mechanism available on its website. More recently, the CVC is working in collaboration with Transparency International India on introducing Integrity pacts in all state-owned public sector companies, industries and banks. In December 2007, the Commissioner issued a directive to this effect which has resulted in 32 public sector undertakings having adopted an integrity pact. The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) is the prime investigating agency of the central government and is generally referred to as a credible and respected institution in the country. It is placed under the Ministry of Personnel, Pensions & Grievances and consists of three divisions: the Anti-Corruption Division, the Special Crimes Division and the Economic Offences Division. These units have the power to investigate cases of alleged corruption in all branches of the central government, but need the permission of state governments to investigate cases at the state level. The Supreme and High Courts can instruct the CBI to conduct investigations. Like the CVC, the CBI has a complaint mechanism on its website. The Office of the Comptroller and Auditor General (C & AG) are praised by the 2007 Global Integrit Report for being independent and well-staffed, with offices of Accountant Generals (AG) in all states. The C & AG has produced several reports on state departments such as railways, telecommunications, public sector enterprise, and tax administration. These reports have revealed many financial irregularities, suggesting a lack of monitoring of public expenses, poor targeting and corrupt practices in many branches of government. However, since the C & AG has no authority to ensure compliance with its recommendations, the government often fails to implement the reports proposals.

The Chief Information Commission (CIC) was established in 2005 and came into operation in 2006. It has delivered decisions instructing government, courts, universities, police, and ministries on how to share information of public interest. State information commissions have also been opened, thus giving practical shape to the 2005 Right to Information (RTI) Act. The commissions have not been immune to criticism, however. Of India's 28 states, 26 have officially constituted information commissions to implement the RTI Act. Nine pioneered access to information laws before the RTI Act was passed. A state report card one year on complimented the quality of the law, but criticised the apathy and lack of awareness of many citizens.

E-Governance has considerably increased the speed of government services in a number of areas and reduced opportunities for bribery. A wide range of public services have been digitised such as obtaining licences, paying taxes and clearing goods. The National Portal of India was subsequently created and lists all the services that have been digitised. The assessment of the legal and institutional anticorruption framework points to a combination of robust institutions and lack of accountability in key areas, as emphasised in the 2007 Global Integrity Report. Some institutions such as the Supreme Court or the Election Commission have taken a stronger stance to combat malpractice in recent years, while key pieces of legislation such as the RTI Act promote greater bureaucratic transparency, granting citizens access to public records. Despite these emerging trends, however, the institutional anti-corruption framework generally suffers from a lack of coordination, and overlapping and conflicting mandates between institutions addressing corruption. Key institutions often

Private sector initiatives Several new initiatives have come up in the private sector to raise awareness about Corruption related issues and to build anti-corruption platforms. http://5thpillar.org is one such organization that is promoting the use of Zero Rupee Notes to fight corruption by shaming the officials who ask for bribe. Another popular initiative Jaago Re! One Billion Votes from Tata Tea has now changed its focus from voter registration to fighting corruption nobribe.org is another platform for corruption free India and advocates the use of direct and regular measurement of corruption to force the hands of the leadership into dealing with corruption related issues.

Status of Corruption in India

1. There is no denying the fact that there is widespread corruption in India. Petty corruption which affects the basic rights and services of the common man is highly rampant besides the grand corruption scandals which break out every now and then. A report on bribery in India published by Trace International in January, 09 states that - 91% of the bribes were demanded by govt. officials. - 77% of the bribes demanded were for avoiding harm rather than to gain any advantage. - Of these 51% were for timely delivery of services to which the individual was already entitled. Example: clearing customs or getting a telephone connection. 2. Indian economy is 6th largest in the world and it fares pretty well in some of the global competitive indices. In terms of the strength of the financial institution, business sophistication and innovation, we are among the first 30 countries in the world, while in terms of corruption we are ranked 85th by the Corruption Perception Index of Transparency International. That means half of the countries of the world are less corrupt than India. The Transparency Internationals Bribe Payer Index for 2008 ranks India in very poor position - 19th among 22 countries. This means that Indian firms are perceived by international business as highly likely to engage in bribery when doing business abroad. Most of the corruption as 2 well as governance indicators show that there is little changes in Indias position over the years.

Impact of Corruption in India

1.Corruption is a serious economic issue as it adversely affects the countrys economic development and achievement of developmental goals. It promotes inefficiencies in utilisation of resources, distorts the markets, compromises quality, destroys the environment and of late has become a serious threat to national security. It adds to the deprivation of the poor and weaker sections of the economy. 2.Various attempts have been made to indicate the impact of corruption in quantitative terms. Some estimates show that govt. loses about Rs. 2 lakh crores annually due to tax evasion while about Rs. 40,000 crores is lost due to delay in projects. Transmission and distribution losses in the Power Sector are estimated to be about 50%, out of which about 30% is attributed to theft in connivance with the Electricity Boards employees. According to one estimate if corruption was not there, the Public Sector Enterprises would have improved their profit margin by almost 20%. According to a corruption economist (Mauro) if corruption in India is reduced to the level of the Scandinavian countries, then investment would rise by 12% annually and GDP would grow at an additional 1.5%.

Role of Youth in India Against Corruption

Role Of youth in fight against corruption Corruption undermines democracy and the rule of law. It leads to violations of human rights. It erodes public trust in government. It can even killfor example, when corrupt officials allow medicines to be tampered with, or when they accept bribes that enable terrorist acts to take place. It has adverse effects on the delivery of basic social services. It has a particularly harmful impact on the poor. Corruption could be most effectively fought either by strengthening media or by enabling main-stream youth to take part in drive against corruption. First and foremost Youth should Vote out corrupt officials. Voting and getting in credible leaders will improve the governance system from top. Youth should Organize for the dissemination of civic education on corruption , Act responsibly with integrity and not engage in corruption. It has been rightly said how are you going to change the world if you cant change yourself. Youth should engage in work to be able to earn a living and become self reliant on their hard earned sweat instead of dreaming of making money by reaching to post which provide ample opportunity to make black money. Youth drives should be encouraged. These drives and initiatives give youth a voice in speaking against corruption. Young people should unite against corruption, Seek to understand it and guard each other against them .Youth are good exposure to Internet, and media. They can question the authority using right to information. You might be surprised to know that Government of India has an online Grievance forum at http://pgportal.gov.in/. You can use this

tool to highlight the problems faced while dealing with Government officials or departments like Passport Office, Electricity board, BSNL/MTNL, Railways etc. Youth should be energetic and creative to mobilize and sensitize the general public. They could enlighten the community on corruption through theatre and other means like add campaign. .Youth could be role models to the young and try to change the thinking of the older generation. We have Indian-idol for singing ability, we have best dance partner, why cant we have a youth model against corruption .Every youth should say no to corruption. Youth must be involved in both the formulation and implementation of policy against corruption. Every the top institution like IITs, IIMs or schools have got every sort of club like quiz club, debate club , sport club , robotics club but you will hardly find an anti corruption club . so , what i suggest is that Anticorruption clubs should be formed in every learning institutions. There is an organization which is driving youth energy to fight against corruption under name jagoo re . I am sure you misght have seen it advertisement in television with tag line ye khate hain kyun ki hum inhe khilate hai . So youth should neither give or nor receive bribes. Before i leave this stage (or you shift to next post, incase you have been reading it on a Blog), I have one last message for our youth Be aggressive, have courage to fight corruption. we can and we will make a better India , a nation free of corruption . Thank you. Role of Youth In Indian Politics Democracy is the buzz word for our political system. But is it really so? Is it democracy that a nation where a majority of population is below 40 elects a majority of people above 60 to power? Are we really satisfied with the way our country is being governed? Should it not bother us that at the age people generally take retirement and rest, our politicians actually become eligible to be at the helm of affairs? Why is it so that people below 50 years are considered as political kids? The country desperately needs some young leaders who personify energy, enthusiasm, morality, and diligence. No doubt we have progressed a lot in the last 62 years but the development pace would have been completely different had some young torchbearers led this process of development. At the time of independence, Gandhi called upon the youth to participate actively in the freedom movement. Young leaders likes Nehru came to his reckoning and led the movement. But this is not the case now. Nowadays we have only a handful of young leaders like Rahul Gandhi, Sachin Pilot, Varun Gandhi etc, but they are in the political scenario because they belong to influential political families. It is next to impossible to find a young leader with no political family background in the furor of politics.

There can be two reasons for this deplorable scene of Indian politics. One may be that the youth today are not interested in actively participating in the political field. They are content with what they are doing and how the country is being governed. But this reason seems to hold no ground seeing the discontent shown by the youngsters towards cases like reservation, Jessica lal murder case etc. The youth of modern India are aware of the problems facing our country and the world at large. Given a chance they would be ready to change the political condition of the country for better. Second reason may be that young people are not given opportunities to prove themselves claiming that they are not equipped with experience to participate actively in the governance of the country. This reason seems to be more logical seeing the monopoly of old leaders in almost all the major political parties of the country. Old people should realize that proper development can take place only when they make way for younger people to take control of the activities. There are few things which need to be clarified. One that youngsters do not mean people who are 20 years old with no experience at all. Youth in this context is meant to refer people in their 30s or early 40s with a good mix of energy and experience. Two, it is not intended to mean that old people should leave the political scene and rest. What is wanted is that they should be there but for guidance because they are treasures of invaluable experience. There are a few things which I would like to suggest. There should be a retirement age for politicians as well which may be around 65 years. There should also be some educational qualification for politicians. How can we give those illiterates the key to our country whom we can not give the key to our house? People with serious criminal background should not be allowed to contest elections. As for the youth of our country, they can contribute in more ways than just contesting elections. Much can be done in areas like educating people, raising awareness about various social ills, and many other areas. We can just wish that the next time we go to vote we find more names of youngsters who can make our country a better place to live in.

The Power of Youth in Creating Corruption Free India The essay is a study of role of youth to make country a corruption free nation. It is an effort to give concrete view point on the power of the integrated youth of nation who are future of the country and whose efforts are decisive for countrys progress. INTRODUCTION It is a no brainer that Corruption in India is at its rampant best. There is not one section of the society that is spared from it. Recent examples like CWG, 2G and Adarsh Society Scams are glaring examples of expanded corruption in all levels of Indian Society. Corruption hinders its dream to become a developed nation and in todays scenario Corruption Free State is Indias need to achieve Vision-2020. In fulfilling this need, youth power of the country can play an important role. Youth is a dynamite of any country that can do great good when used in a right way. They are the powerhouse and storehouse of infinite energy which brings laurels to the Country. Leadership of Adolf Hitler proved the importance of youth in any nation building. He understood the power of young people. After he came to power in Germany in 1932 one of the early actions he took was to outlaw all youth groups, especially the religious ones. In their place, he formed the Hitler Youth and the German League of Young Girls. In these organizations young people were taught to revere Hitler and serve him without question. The youth of Germany were taught that they were the master race and it was their destiny to dominate the world. What happened as a result of Hitler harnessing the power of youth? A significant portion of this generation of German youth committed horrible atrocities in the name of their Fuhrer. In fact, Hitler did such a good job indoctrinating a generation that it was a detachment of Hitler Youth who died in the final battle for Berlin in 1945. In India, there are two aspects to define youth power. On the one side its history which is full of such young names whose mere mention fills every average Indian with pride such as Prithviraj Chauhan, Swami Vivekananda, Shaeed Bhagat Singh etc. whose dedication and vision for the nation paved the way of its progress. Even in the present time, young names like Sachin Tendulkar, Vishwanathan Anand, Rahul Gandhi are proud of our country. Power of youth is important for India due to its large proportion in its population. YOUTH POPULATION IN INDIA As per the Census of India 2001 the population under 34 years was around 41%. In the early 1980s China was in a position that India finds itself today. And Chinas current economic boom is said to be the direct consequence of the large proportion of youth in its population. According to some estimates the current proportion of population under 25 years in India is 51% and the proportion under 35 is about 66%. This predominance of youth in the population is expected to

last until 2050 which basically shows India's resurgence potential as an economic and a socially responsible power rests on the Indian youth. Statistics like 72 % of India's population is below the age of 40, 47% of Indians is under the age of 20 and 10% of the world population is an Indian under 25 is a common assessment of India by all countries now. It is this population of young people which constitutes, for India, a potential demographic dividend and a hope to be a developed nation in future. Such a large proportion of youth can be decisive in the growth of any nation especially if youth lead the state from the front by actively involving himself in government of its respected country. YOUTH AND POLITICS Role of youth in Indian Politics is not a new phenomenon. They are actively participating in Countries progress from a very long time. In the pre-independence era, young kings like Ashoka and Chattrapati Shivaji presented an example of ideal kingdoms. After Independence, from youngest Prime Minister (Rajiv Gandhi) to youngest Member of Parliament (Ahmad Hamdullah Sayeed) youths contribution in politics is encouraging but not up-to the mark. There are many reasons for that but this is not the appropriate forum to discuss that reasons. Here, the issue is how much and how differently young politicians had and are contributing to develop our nation and to eradicating diseases like corruption from the Country Following is some of the examples to light upon vision of youth: 1. Starting from Rajiv Gandhi who had shown courage to accept the lacuna in the system and accepted that Corruption is not only tolerated but even regarded as the hallmark of leadership but this is an unfortunate on his part that he himself came under the scanner of corruption and lost his image of being honest leader. Coming to present youth icon Rahul Gandhi who is initiator of democratic system in the youth wing of Congress party, riding on high hopes and expected to be Prime Minister in next few years has also shown his courage to accept the realities like division of India into two parts: Rich Bharat and Poor Bharat and showed his concern to deal with such realities. He is getting such a massive support that under his leadership everyone is expecting to see a New Bharat that is Corruption free Bharat which will be a developed nation. But in reality, the above picture that describes the role of youth in politics is upper layer of our society under the garb of which very few young politicians are participating in countries progress. The above examples just show the concern and vision that young leader of our country carries. This is true our youth is not satisfied with the existing system, they are in the blame game to fix the responsibility of present conditions but this is also true that they are determined to do well for the welfare of the country. With significant amounts of energy, vibrancy, vision and passion, the youth are critical stakeholders in the fight against major issues like corruption. The involvement of youth in the fight against corruption is likely to bring in new and fresh ideas that can replace older and out-of-date policies.

2.

YOUTH AND THE WAR AGAINST CORRUPTION The place and importance of the Youth in society cannot be overemphasized. This is adequately captured in Nigeria Youth Policy which stated that Youth are one of the greatest assets that any nation can have. Not only are they legitimately regarded as the future leaders, they are potentially and actually the greatest investment for a countrys development. They serve as a good measure of the extent to which a country can reproduce as well as sustain itself. The extent of their vitality, responsible conduct, and roles in society is positively correlated with the development of their country. The youth in Nigeria as in other African countries grapple with the problem of corruption ranging from examination malpractices to fraud and embezzlement just like the adults. Most of the Youth of the 70s and 80s are now holding the realms of power today and engaging in all kinds of corruption. It is therefore frightening what will happen when this generation assumes the leadership saddle. This is why concrete actions must be put in place for wining youth back to the path of Puritanism and winning the war against corruption. The meaning hereby participation of youth to have Corruption Free State is an utmost necessary step. The same has even been recognized in India by some political leaders where, TDP president N Chandrababu Naidu in his public speech called upon the youth (below 35 years) particularly those who were more interested in politics to wage a long drawn battle against corruption at various levels. He said the state is mired in corruption and only the youth can salvage the situation. In India, every one emphasized on anti-corruption laws and policies but its actual implementation is only possible if integral building blocks of society: families, school communities, religious groupings, hobby groups, sports associations, resident associations, university groups, ethnic associations, professional associations or in short, youth at large become an active and aware member of social movement for Corruption free State. The social movement will unite the high enthusiasm of young people with the professional skills and experience from the older generation to create new levels of charm and productivity for the nation development. Even it will influence more young people as their fellow youth act as ambassadors of good governance, thereby giving credibility to the policies and programmes targeting them. Here, the example of Tata Teas advertisement showcasing young students fight for corruption, make him a youth icon of the country who aware the youth about reasons of corruption. This is just a one example to show the impact of one individual on collogues and fellow friends. In the same way films like Rang de Basanti revolutionized the thinking of youth of our country. This shows, the concern of our young generation for our country and need to take affirmative steps to make sure youth of the nation becomes powerful and determinant to do needful for the county. For this certain steps need to be taken which should be more than tools and programmes; it requires role models who inspire.

Example of act of powerful youth against corruption can be illustrated as below: In Bosnia, youth groups have organized a number of successful campaigns against corruption. For example, they are responsible for[4]: Organizing a nationwide campaign against corruption; Holding seminars for entrepreneurs and youth to meet and develop job opportunities; Creating a youth parliament simulation so that young people debate the countrys current affairs. The youth of Bosnia has not limited themselves to the awareness programmes they founded their own party for far-reaching results. They want to make radical changes to build a less corrupt, more educated society. And the same need to be done in India. We just need to inspire our youth and then definitely inspired and powerful youth will give us a corruption free nation. We need to fill them him with moralities and integrity. They are future of the nation. Their integrated steps and acts will give us corruption free society. We need to fill the youth with integrated values by adopting following approach: We should not consider only youth as future of our country. We should give them a chance to be an active participant in the system or to be a key of democratic operation. This simply needs a change from traditional approach to modern approach. The following division within a youth can play an important role to fight against corruption. Young Politicians: The role and relation of politics with youth has already been discussed and I can say that it is the best forum to prove commitment and achieve the dream of Corruption Free Nation. They as a role model of general public can revolutionize the whole system and fulfill Kalams vision-2020. A recent gathering of young Parliamentarians expressed loud and exasperated frustration on the roles of babus (Bureaucrats) in corruption scandals and immunities enjoyed by them in spite of their involvement in such scams. Adarsh Society Scam is glaring example of this situation. The gathering of young M.Ps first time publically criticized the existing system where babu has the best of all the worlds as it is impossible to dismiss them. Such an aggressive approach is a positive sign for anti-corruption fight. Young Journalists: Press is the fourth pillar of Indian democracy. It is the most powerful tool to handle anti-national activities. A corrupt system only fears from media but unfortunately, media is also becoming a part of corrupt system. In such a scenario, young journalists may play a strategic role alongside youth organizations in promoting good governance. More than communication allies in outreach and improving public awareness of the related issues, they provide unbiased perspectives through sharp investigatory and analytical reporting, aired and published on local, national, and international media outlets (print press, radio, television, virtual press, blogs, and more).

Young Professionals: They are base of corruption free society who will promote morality, fairness, and social values by doing their work efficiently, effectively and honestly. Young Students: Role of young students to fight against corruption can simply be illustrated by the example of Ecuador where one student decided to act against corruption and started a school campaign. The school reformed its structure making it more accountable to the students by creating school councils and student- teacher boards so students could air their ideas and concerns. The students of the school conducted a community survey and published the results in local papers. Because this campaign received so much attention, the school got the funds to publish an anti-corruption booklet for very young children explaining the danger of corruption through drawings and comics. This campaign spread to schools in other parts of the country and had a lot of impact in the community. CONCLUSION In the end, different International Organizations who are fighting against corruption accepted youths participation as an important mechanism for the successes of their campaign. They believe youth as a part of solution of the problem because change in the system requires change from the major part and at present youth represents the major part of the population especially in India. So, it is not wrong to assume that powerful youth will give us a Corruption free nation, but certain approaches need to be followed to assure committed thinking of the youth for their country. Youth is a spark which can either burn or lighten the country. Only positive approach will make sure that Indian youth will lighten the country which is under the dark clouds of bribery. It is the best medicine to procure the disease of corruption. They are not only the leader of the future but also the key factor in the present scenario who will give us a systematic and full solution of the problem.

Combating Corruption

Looking at the number of agencies created to tackle corruption, it is apparent that the government has been keen to eradicate this malady. Even before Independence, the colonial rulers had established the Delhi Special Police Establishment (DSPE) to control corruption which surged during the Second World War. The Prevention of Corruption Act was passed in 1947 and an Administrative Vigilance Division (AVD) created in the home ministry in 1955. Vigilance officers were appointed in each ministry to enquire into charges of corruption against employees in these organisations. Then, owing to mounting public criticism, a Committee on Prevention of Corruption was appointed in 1962 under K. Santhanam to examine this issue in depth and recommend remedial measures. As a result of its recommendations, the Central Vigilance Commission (CVC), independent of ministerial control was set up in 1964. Another important measure during the early decades was the creation of the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) in 1963, which incorporated DSPE as the Investigation and Anti-Corruption Division Political Commitment This elaborate and multi-layered apparatus to control corruption could hardly make a dent on the situation because of lack of political commitment on the part of political leadership in the states and at the center. It is more than clear all these institutional arrangements to combat corruption can be useful only if correctives come from the political class which is the final legislative and executive authority in a parliamentary democracy. Unless the politicians are made to differentiate private conscience from public morality, and personal profit from national interest,

the ongoing unrestrained plunder of the exchequer cannot be stopped.Similarly, the spate of criminal cases in which a former Chief Minister of Tamilnadu, Jayalalitha, was herself involved shows that during her tenure political and administrative corruption could not have been checked effectively primarily because of the political patronage she had given to corrupt practices. Administrative Accountability Another essential component of anti-corruption strategy is the strict enforcement of the principle of accountability at all levels. In India the government performs vast functions over a wide range of areas of public concern. Decisions are taken at various levels of government in which discretionary power may be involved. The present situation is that there is general lack of accountability in administration. Almost everyone in the public services is accountable to no one and is considered above the law. Respect for the rule of law is woefully uncommon and it is often noticed that those who violate the law in the most blatant fashion are the ones who get away the easiest. The judiciary has a key role in ensuring that political and administrative power is used only in accordance with law and everyone is held accountable for wrong doing or misuse of authority. Recent decisions given by the judiciary have created a hope for corrective action. The apex court and several high courts have upheld cases against political and administrative functionaries at the highest levels. The cases involving former chief ministers of Tamilnadu and Bihar are illustrative of judicial activism that has come to the rescue of rule of law against the custodians of law themselves. The recent action of the Central Vigilance Commissioner of putting the names of administrative and police service officials on the internet against whom charges of corruption are pending has also gone a long way in instilling the sense of responsibility and accountability among these officials. Procedural Simplification As explained earlier administrative delay is one of the major causes of corruption. Therefore to reduce or control corruption it is necessary to eliminate such delays. For that it is essential that office procedures should be simplified and levels of hierarchy reduced. In the Indian situation the persistence of archaic structures has played havoc with the developmental initiatives. After Independence the country framed an entirely new political and economic agenda and this required new, matching structures for effective implementation, as the old administrative and legal systems clashed with the substance and spirit of the new agenda. And it is this mismatch between politico-economic agenda on the one hand and the administrative and legal structures on the other which is primarily responsible for the poor performance of the government. Instead of the present system in which official files take rounds of several offices before a decision is taken, new pattern of decision-making, which is transparent and simple, needs to be evolved. Such simplification and rationalisation is especially necessary with regard to all developmental projects in the infrastructure areas because inefficiency and corruption in these areas makes the whole socio-economic system unstable. There is need for singlewindow-decision system for all industrial projects, both in manufacturing and service industries.. Latest management techniques

and methods need to be incorporated into the functioning of all public services and public sector projects so that their efficiency and productivity keeps up with their social obligations. Civil Society Participation Civil society is considered as the realm of association between the household and the state. Typically this includes professional organisations as well as other formal and informal non-profit associations. Such associations fulfil certain functions essential for aggregating and expressing societal interests, including social integration, social participation in state governance, and promoting the democratic values. Through its many functions, civil society can create pressure for policy reform and improved governance, as well as explicitly monitor the states actions for fighting corruption and abuse. In other words, the civil society addresses the will of the state to operate in an accountable, transparent and responsive manner.23 civil society organisations have a key role to play in combating corruption. In fact, the task of ensuring sustained political commitment, administrative accountability, and procedural simplification can be achieved more quickly if vigilant and active civil society organisations take up the responsibility of interacting with the government organisations. Civil society is, in the end, the stakeholder and the ultimate affected party of corruption and thus must be engaged constructively to get the support and buyin for the necessary reforms. Only in this way can the necessary policy and institutional changes become viable and sustainable. Countries that are supportive and hospitable to civil society bodies-through hearing arrangements in their regulatory and legislative procedures, involving them in oversight institutions, etc,- have in fact enabled the organic and internally driven evolution of policies and institutions to changes in circumstances. Another notable instance of citizen involvement in combating corruption is the launching of Satyagrah (non-violent protest) by S.D. Sharma, an octogenarian freedom fighter and Vice-Chairman of the Transparency International-India, against political corruption and for honest and efficient governance. Established in 1997, the Transparency International-India has been playing a significant role in fighting corruption through Gandhian methods of non- violent mass mobilization. It has now undertaken to organize 24 hour relay fast concurrently with the sessions of the parliament, to remind the government and the parliament that they have failed in their duty to the country to take effective steps for eliminating corruption from their ranks. A participatory process involving citizens in the formulation and monitoring of anti-corruption strategies is thus taking roots in India. As more and more civil society organizations become involved in this process and take steps to both formulate and implement anti-corruption strategies it can be expected that in the coming years efforts to combat corruption should yield positive results.

Conclusion

Corruption is an intractable problem. It is like diabetes, can only be controlled, but not totally eliminated. It may not be possible to root out corruption completely at all levels but it is possible to contain it within tolerable limits. Honest and dedicated persons in public life, control over electoral expenses could be the most important prescriptions to combat corruption. Corruption has a corrosive impact on our economy. It worsens our image in international market and leads to loss of overseas opportunities. Corruption is a global problem that all countries of the world have to confront, solutions, however, can only be home grown.. Until we will not take step forward to remove corruption from root, the word developing country will always be attached with our country INDIA . So we the common man are solution for removing corruption from our INDIA and hence we will be also helpful in making our country developed. I used the sentence we the common man are the solution because we are the only reason why corruption is so popular in INDIA. We are the person who is motivating corruption to be successful. We support corruption that is why it exists. Since we are the only person who elect ministers that are supporting corruption in INDIA. We know that a particular candidate is not fit to be a minister but then also we vote for him in election , and that particular minister does not work hard for leading INDIA at first position , he do not perform his duty well . The main goal of these type of minister is to vacant INDIAN treasury so that there own treasury can be filled. The money which comes from government of INDIA for development of society is not used by the ministers for the purpose for which it came for instead of all this it used up by the ministers in filling their own treasury. So from all the above stated reason we can conclude that are accept that we the common people who are supporting corruption to exit and hence we are only reason why our country INDIA is

not a developed country yet. If this will be the situation for the coming years also then the time taken by INDIA to be a developed country will be increased by some years more. So I here thereby end with a promise from you people that you will be working against corruption to remove it from root. Common citizen of INDIA let us start working from now onwards with common goal of removing corruption from INDIA. Think the day when we will achieve our goal and whole world will say INDIA IS AN DEVELOPED COUNTRY how much glad we will be feeling. Then only sacrifices of our freedom fighters will achieve their goal. We Have Tolerated Corruption For So Long The Time Has Now Come To Root It Out From Its Roots.