Seven-Seas-Water-Corp TWCA March 7 12

March, 2012
Bahamas-BVI-Florida-Mexico-Netherlands Antilles-Trinidad & Tobago-TCI-USVI

1
Seven Seas Water Corporation
Seven Seas Water
Agenda
1. Sea-water reverse osmosis; the basics 2. Water Quality 3. The importance of pre-treatment 4. Texas SWRO development 5. BOO(T) form of contract; fast-track to implementation p
PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
Seven Seas Water

Overview of SSW
Currently own and operate 9 facilities with a total production of 10 MGD in the Caribbean By end of 2012, will have increased to 12 facilities with a total production of 24 MGD Will be the sole provider of potable water in the USVI at 9.5 MGD All projects have been executed under the BOO(T) form of contract Have invested $100m to date, with no debt Now expanding into markets in Chile, Mexico, & the USA
Seven Seas Water
1. Sea-water 1 Sea water reverse osmosis (SWRO) - the basics
Seven Seas Water
SWRO By the numbers

Total number of operational SWRO plants worldwide: >6 >6,000 000 Total production: >11,000 MGD (>12,000,000 acre-feet/year) 2, sufficient to supply At 100gpd gp average g consumption p pp y 100 million persons per day Total number of operational sea-water RO plants in the USA: >70 Total production: >100 MGD (>125,000 acre-feet/year) At 100gpd average consumption2, sufficient to supply 1 million persons per day (population of Texas is 26 million)
1d 1.desaldata.com ld t 2.dshs.state.tx.us
Seven Seas Water

SWRO - Pictorial
Seven Seas Water
SWRO Schematic (pressure)

Typical schematic
Pressure: 750-1000psi
Seven Seas Water
SWRO Membrane construction

Membrane construction
Seven Seas Water
SWRO Schematic (PX)

Typical schematic
Pressure: 750-1000psi Low pressure potable water
High pressure feed water
High pressure brine
Low pressure feed water
Low pressure brine
Seven Seas Water
SWRO Energy recovery
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2 Water Quality 2.
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Seven Seas Water

SWRO Feed water
Typical feed (sea water) water quality parameters

Parameter
Dissolved Solids S Suspended d d Solids S lid Turbidity pH Chlorine Hardness Bicarbonate C b Carbonate t Flouride Chloride Bromide Sulfate Lithium S di Sodium Potassium Magnesium Calcium Iron Strontium Barium Silica Boron HCO3 CO3 F Cl Br SO4 Li N Na K Mg Ca Fe Sr Ba SiO2 B TDS TSS NTU
Typical SW Feed, mg/L

35,000 10 0 10.0 5.0 8.2 0.0 1,702 110 20 1.3 19,400 67 2,700 0 10 800 10,800 398 1,290 412 0.0 7.9 00 0.0 5.0 4.5
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Seven Seas Water
SWRO Post pretreatment

Typical post-pretreatment water quality parameters
Parameter

35,000 10 0 10.0 5.0 8.2 0.0 1,702 110 20 1.3 19,400 67 2,700 0 10 800 10,800 398 1,290 412 0.0 7.9 00 0.0 5.0 4.5
Typical Pretreatment Effluent, mg/L

35,000 20 2.0 1.0 8.2 0.0 1,702 110 20 1.3 19,400 67 2,700 0 10 800 10,800 398 1,290 412 0.0 7.9 00 0.0 5.0 4.5
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Seven Seas Water
SWRO Post pretreatment

10 0 10.0 9.0 8.0 7.0 p ppm 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 20 1.0 0.0
Suspended Solids Turbidity Sea water Pre-treatment effluent
Effect of Pretreatment on WQ Parameters (SDI<3)
Parameter
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Seven Seas Water

SWRO - Permeate
Typical permeate water quality parameters

Parameter

35,000 20 2.0 1.0 8.2 0.0 1,702 110 20 1.3 19,400 67 2,700 0 10 800 10,800 398 1,290 412 0.0 7.9 00 0.0 5.0 4.5
Typical Permeate Effluent, mg/L

350 0 <0.1 6.2 0.0 17 1 0 0 194 1 27 0 108 4 13 4.12 0.0 0.1 0 0 0.0 0.1 0.5
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Seven Seas Water

SWRO - Permeate
2.0 20 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 ppm 1.0 0.8 0.6 04 0.4 0.2 0.0
Suspended S d d Solids S lid Turbidity T bidit Pre-treatment effluent Permeate
Effect of Membranes on WQ Parameters
Parameter
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Seven Seas Water

SWRO - Permeate
35 000 35,000 30,000 25 000 25,000 p ppm 20,000 15 000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0
Dissolved Solids Chloride Sodium Pre-treatment Pre treatment effluent Permeate
Effect of Membranes on WQ Parameters
Parameter
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Seven Seas Water
SWRO Post-treatment Post treatment

Typical post-treatment water quality parameters (potable)
Parameter
Typical Permeate Effluent, mg/L

350 0 <0.1 6.2 0.0 17 1 0 0 194 1 27 0 108 4 13 4.12 0.0 0.1 0 0 0.0 0.1 0.5
Typical Post Treatment Effluent, mg/L

410 0 <0.1 7.2 2
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40 0 0 194 1 27 0 108 4 13 24 0.0 0.1 0 0 0.0 0.1 0.5
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Seven Seas Water

0 40 35 30 25 p ppm 20 15 10 5 0
Hardness
SWRO Post treatment

Post treatment WQ Parameters Post-treatment
Permeate Post treatment potable
Bicarbonate
Calcium
Parameter
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Seven Seas Water

SWRO Brine
Comparison: Feed water - Brine

Parameter
Dissolved Solids S Suspended d d Solids S lid Turbidity pH Chlorine Hardness Bicarbonate Carbonate Flouride Chloride Bromide Sulfate Lithium Sodium Potassium Magnesium Calcium Iron Strontium Barium Silica Boron HCO3 CO3 F Cl Br SO4 Li Na K Mg Ca Fe Sr Ba SiO2 B TDS TSS NTU

35,000 10 0 10.0 5.0 8.2 0.0 1,702 110 20 1.3 19,400 67 2,700 0 10 800 10,800 398 1,290 412 0.0 7.9 00 0.0 5.0 4.5
Typical Brine, mg/L

58,100 15 8 8.4 0.0 2,825 183 33 2 32,204 111 4,482 0 17 928 17,928 661 2,141 684 0.0 13.1 0.0 8.3 7.2
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Seven Seas Water

SWRO Brine
60,000 50,000 40,000 ppm 30,000 20,000 10 000 10,000 0
Sea water Brine
Comparison of Feed Sea Water to Brine
Dissolved Solids
Chloride
Sodium
Parameter
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3 The Importance of Pre 3. Pre-treatment treatment
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Seven Seas Water
SWRO Pre-treatment Pre treatment

Typical schematic
Critical water quality
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Seven Seas Water
SWRO Pretreatment effect on TSS

Typical post-pretreatment water quality parameters
Parameter

35,000 10 0 10.0 5.0 8.2 0.0 1,702 110 20 1.3 19,400 67 2,700 0 10 800 10,800 398 1,290 412 0.0 7.9 00 0.0 5.0 4.5

35,000 20 2.0 1.0 8.2 0.0 1,702 110 20 1.3 19,400 67 2,700 0 10 800 10,800 398 1,290 412 0.0 7.9 00 0.0 5.0 4.5
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Seven Seas Water
SWRO - Pretreatment
Pretreatment design is critical to the operation and efficiency of the sea-water reverse osmosis (desalting) process The primary aim of pretreatment is to is to lower the Total Suspended Solids (TSS) and Biological Constituents The target is to achieve a Silt Density Index (SDI-15) <3 Typical pretreatment for sea water includes the following: MF or UF or dual-stage multi-media filtration Coagulation & flocculation (less common)
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Seven Seas Water
SWRO Pretreatment schematic

F d water Feed t
Low pressure pump
Media Filter (1o filtration)
Cartridge Filter (2o filtration) High pressure pump to Membranes
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Seven Seas Water
SWRO Pretreatment pictorial
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Seven Seas Water
4 Texas SWRO Development 4.
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Seven Seas Water
SWRO By the numbers

Total number of operational SWRO plants worldwide: >6 >6,000 000 Total production: >11,000 MGD (>12,000,000 acre-foot/year) 2, sufficient to supply At 100gpd gp average g consumption p pp y 100 million persons per day Total number of operational sea-water RO plants in the USA: >70 Total production: >100 MGD (>125,000 acre-foot/year) At 100gpd average consumption2, sufficient to supply 1 million persons per day (population of Texas is 26 million)
1d 1.desaldata.com ld t 2.dshs.state.tx.us
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Seven Seas Water

Texas TCEQ
In Texas Texas, SWRO is considered an an innovative technology technology A pilot study is mandated via TCEQ staff guidance documents Th The TCEQ pilot il t study t d guidance id is i very detailed d t il d & prescriptive i ti compared to a more performance-based approach elsewhere The pilot study process is time consuming: Protocol to be developed & approved Pilot plant construction & commissioning At least l t 3 months th operations ti Pilot report developed & submitted for TCEQ approval (9-12 months) Can be a 1-2 year period to complete the pilot study process
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Seven Seas Water

Pilot studies
Typically Typically, Pilot studies are executed for the following reason: To ensure that the pretreatment will operate effectively & efficiently It appears that the TCEQ approach is based on protecting public health & safety, and the tax-payer, by ensuring a functional SWRO facility with optimal Capex and Opex selection
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Seven Seas Water
Texas Pilot study need

Typically, Typically pilot studies are not required for SWRO facilities Of the 12 SSW SWRO facilities, no pilot study was executed If th they are executed, t d it is i due d to t large l variations i ti in i th the f feed d water t quality, e.g. a pilot study was executed for the Point Lisas facility in Trinidad, which experiences large fluctuations in turbidity in the feed water ranging from 1 1-100 100 NTU If required, pilot studies are often executed while the construction of the remainder of the facility y is ongoing, g g, i.e. the p pilot study y is executed by the same company responsible for the design & construction of the facility
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Seven Seas Water
Texas Pilot study implication

The mandated pilot study process will take 1-2 years Permitting/licensing to take 12-18 months Construction C t ti t to take t k 15 months th Total time from start of the pilot study process to the facility commissioning can easily be around 48 months
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Seven Seas Water

Consider the 48 months from start of pilot study to start of operations The current Texas regulations dictate that the full-scale plant must use the same process, membranes, etc. as the pilot study During the last 36-48 months, RO membrane pressure has reduced from a typical 870psi to 735psi At the same time, square footage has increased from a typical 370ft2 to 440ft2 per element By y dictating g that the full-scale p plant must be the same as the pilot study, the resulting new plant will be outdated, inefficient, & unable to easily adopt improvements in the technology
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Seven Seas Water
SWRO executed pilot studies

2 SWRO pilot studies executed in Texas: LMWD completed in August 2010 Brownsville PUB completed in October 2008 Neither N ith h has b been submitted b itt d t to TCEQ for f approval l The advances in membrane technology since the execution of these studies has been significant Having to stick with the same process and materials of the prescriptive pilot study will assure an out-of-date full-scale facility ???: Does this mean that as and when the projects are to proceed, there a need for a second pilot study?
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Seven Seas Water

If the purpose of the pilot study is to ensure the optimal operations of the full-scale facility, & in the process protect the tax-payer & public health & safety, the current regimen will not produce the desired result
What if the investment is made by the private sector? Still have to ensure optimum life-cycle solution (price) Still have to ensure public health & safety Performance will be the sole critical metric
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Seven Seas Water
5. BOO(T) form of contract; fast-track 5 fast track to project implementation
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Seven Seas Water
SWRO D&C project execution

Typical D&C process RFP for pilot plant RFP for engineering firm to design SWRO facility Limited Li it d choice h i available il bl (includes (i l d permitting) itti ) RFP for construction company to build SWRO facility based on design What to do about O&M? Find qualified operators & execute internally?
No strong g position with supply y chain
O&M contract to 3rd party? another RFP Where does the accountability lie? This IS a specialized field
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Seven Seas Water
SWRO P3 legislation
S.B. S B 1048 P3 legislation came into effect on September 1 1, 2011 Specifically references water supply facility BOO(T) form f of f contract t t suits it the th P3 Public P bli P Private i t P Partnership t hi - approach Finance the project Reduce time for implementation by executing pilot study, permitting, & final design concurrently Eliminate design risk (for client) Eliminate construction risk (for client) Eliminate operations & maintenance risk (for client) Client only pays when SWRO facility is producing contractual quantity & quality
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Seven Seas Water
SWRO P3 legislation
The primary purpose of the P3 approach is the optimal transfer of public sector risk (that would be involved in a traditional project) to the private sector
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Summary
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Seven Seas Water

SWRO Summary
SWRO is an established technology technology, albeit specialized A need in Texas for SWRO N New P3 l legislation i l ti allows ll BOO(T) BOO(T)form f of f contract t t for f SWRO facilities BOO(T) approach will significantly shorten the project execution time (pilot study permitting design build commissioning) Economically-viable approach in Texas, even when considering the municipal bond market & other available financial instruments Will provide comfort to Board/Municipality/District that taxpayer risk has been minimized
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March, 2012
Bahamas-BVI-Florida-Mexico-Netherlands Antilles-Trinidad & Tobago-TCI-USVI
43
Seven Seas Water Corporation

Seven-Seas-Water-Corp TWCA March 7 12

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Seven-Seas-Water-Corp TWCA March 7 12

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March, 2012

Bahamas-BVI-Florida-Mexico-Netherlands Antilles-Trinidad & Tobago-TCI-USVI

Seven Seas Water Corporation

Seven Seas Water

Seven Seas Water

PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Seven Seas Water

1. Sea-water 1 Sea water reverse osmosis (SWRO) - the basics

PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Seven Seas Water

SWRO By the numbers

PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Seven Seas Water

PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Seven Seas Water

SWRO Schematic (pressure)

PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Seven Seas Water

SWRO Membrane construction

PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Seven Seas Water

SWRO Schematic (PX)

High pressure feed water

High pressure brine

Low pressure feed water

Low pressure brine

PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Seven Seas Water

SWRO Energy recovery

PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Seven Seas Water

PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Seven Seas Water

Typical feed (sea water) water quality parameters

Typical SW Feed, mg/L

PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Seven Seas Water

SWRO Post pretreatment

Typical SW Feed, mg/L

Typical Pretreatment Effluent, mg/L

PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Seven Seas Water

SWRO Post pretreatment

Effect of Pretreatment on WQ Parameters (SDI<3)

Seven Seas Water

Typical permeate water quality parameters

Typical Pretreatment Effluent, mg/L

Typical Permeate Effluent, mg/L

PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Seven Seas Water

Effect of Membranes on WQ Parameters

Seven Seas Water

Effect of Membranes on WQ Parameters

Seven Seas Water

SWRO Post-treatment Post treatment

Typical Permeate Effluent, mg/L

Typical Post Treatment Effluent, mg/L

40 0 0 194 1 27 0 108 4 13 24 0.0 0.1 0 0 0.0 0.1 0.5

PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Seven Seas Water

SWRO Post treatment

Permeate Post treatment potable

Seven Seas Water