CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 6400 Advanced Engineering Analysis

Fall 2013: Tuesday/Thursday 9:10 10:30 at MEB 3291(ChE Conference Room)

Instructor: Jost O.L. Wendt, Ph.D., Presidential Professor, Jost.Wendt@Utah.Edu, Office MEB 2278; Office hours:T,Th 11:30-1:00 or when door is open or by appointment. Most likely to be available in person: TWTh. Available by e-mail at all (or nearly all) times. Text: No published text book is followed during the lectures. Lecture notes will be supplied, and these tend to be updated every year. The well known text Transport Phenomena, Second Edition by Bird Stewart and Lightfoot (BSL) will
prove to be useful as will several books on reserve at the Marriott Library

Course Philosophy. This course is motivated by the need of researchers often to use mathematical models to gain qualitative
insight into complicated physical phenomena under scrutiny, rather than make precise quantitative predictions of a specific result. By qualitative insight we mean to answer questions such as to what other processes is the one under investigation similar and is there a simple rate controlling process that determines the net outcome of a complicated physical process? Answers to these questions then suggest ways in which we can correlate experimental data from complex physical processes in order to understand them. Overall, we identify prototype problems that contain the key underlying physics, and allow relatively simple mathematical representation. Specifically, in this course, we address similarity in a broad sense, by presenting a unified treatment of the equations describing momentum, heat, mass, and population balances, in a parallel format, so that the idea of applying similar conservation principles to non traditional quantities (outside mass, momentum, heat etc) is appreciated. Broadly similar methods of solution can then be applied to momentum, heat, mass, and population balance problems, depending on how the problem is set up regarding boundary and initial condions. This course is not intended to help design particular pieces of equipment or precisely predict the performance of a process. It is designed to teach participants how to think analytically about solving new problems, how to use and appreciate scaling laws, and how to use mathematics to gain insight into rate controlling phenomena. The course is also designed to assist in model formulation although as a practical matter, that cannot be accomplished without a focus on applied mathematical analysis. The couse is therefore intended to be valuable to graduate students in most engineering disciplines in which mathematics is an important component. Specifically covered are; 1) How to solve classic "prototype" problems that shed light on the relationship between a physical (i.e. heat, mass, momentum, or population balance) problem and a mathematical equation. The word prototype represents an idealized class of problems that contains the essence of more complex practical problems, but has stripped them down to make them mathematically tractable in order to obtain fundamental insight, rather than to make quantitative predictions. 2) How to employ the correct scaling laws to identify controlling phenomena within a single process, how to draw analogies between prototype and full scale processes and how to obtain quantitative solutions without actually solving the equations, and 3) How to make radical approximations to render "intractable" problems tractable. Mathematics is the language to be used for this course, but this is not a mathematics course. The course employs just in time mathematics to solve a number of prototype problems each of which exhibits different aspects important to the mathematical modeling of physical processes. Mathematical theorems are stated without proof (but with references) as they are required. In this regard the course contains much applied mathematics, but it is not for (or by) mathematicians. We do not employ numerical techniques. The course will have been successful if it succeeds in imparting to the participants a skill in gaining both physical and mathematical insight into a range of important physical processes for them to use in their own research. Content. Important concepts to be covered are: 1) 2) 3) 4) The universality of the general balance equations for mass, linear momentum, energy, species and number of particles of size dk. How to solve classic "prototype" problems that shed light on the relationship between a physical problem and a mathematical equation. How to employ the correct scaling laws, both to identify controlling phenomena within a single process, and to draw analogies between prototype and full scale processes. How to make radical approximations to render "intractable" problems tractable.

At the conclusion of this course you should understand: a) how a range of important physical (heat transfer) phenomena can be modelled mathematically; b) where to look for more information to solve future problems, and c) how this approach can provide important (physical) insight into important complicated problems as they occur in nature. You should also learn to appreciate the value of mathematics.

Rules: Homework is required and must be handed in on time in order to be graded. You rae required to attend class.. Portions of the course
grade have been set aside for this. You may collaborate on the homework. There will be one mid-term take home exams and one in-class final. Take home exams MUST BE completed STRICTLY by INDIVIDUAL EFFORT. Grade apportionment Class attendandance/participation and homework Take-home midterm In-class final

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Syllabus
1) The general balance equations intergral derivation a. Balance (Conservation) of mass (revisted) b. Balance (Conservation) of linear momentum (revisited) c. Balance (Conservation) of energy without chemical changes of composition d. Balance of species (briefly introduced) e. Balance (Conservation) of energy with chemical changes of composition f. The General Dyanmic Equation for the particle size distribution function. Characteristic values, non-dimensionalization and scaling. How to extract the maximum information from equations without solving them. Poorly posed problems. Properly posed problems. a. How to scale pressure correctly. Creeping flows. b. Natural convection. Multiple characteristic lengths. Multi-dimensional, but spatially bounded problems. Sturm Liouville problems. Frobenius Series solutions. a. Axial and radial diffusion in laminar flow (Graetz and Graetz Nusselt Problem) b. The Brinkman problem with constant T and flux boundary conditions. Similarity solutions for spatially unbounded problems a. Rayleigh problem revisted. b. Constant (heat) flux condition at boundary. c. Conduction into a falling film. i. Relationship to interfacial heat transfer ii. Interfacial turbulence and the Marangoni Effect d. Counterflow diffusion/reaction problem. i. Relationship to turbulent diffusion flames e. Diffusion to a rotating disk (Levich) f. Diffusion to/from a falling sphere (Re<<1, low and high Schmidt Numbers) g. Similarity solutions for the General Dynamic Equation for aerosols: the self preserving particle size distribution Boundary layer approximations. (time permitting) a. Momentum and Thermal Boundary layers. Low and high Pr numbers. b. Heat transfer at high mass transfer rates (ablation problem).

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