AP World History / Test Review Unit 1 -political: rulers, government structure; Economy: trade (products, routes, merchants) and

technology-irrigation; Social: social classes; Cultural: writing systems, literary works Pre-History Paleolithi c c. 3.5 Million to 10,000 B.C.E. Characteristics: Culture: No writing skills; a nimistic and polytheistic religion Economy: Society: hunting (men)-gathering (wo men) existence Technology: stone and bone tools, use fire social and gender equa lity- no ownership, no wealth Neanderthal: sophisticated burials; use tools CroMagnon: cave paintings,Venus figurines nomadic-no organized form government; cla ns had 40 people Government: Neolithic Age c. 10,000 B.C.E. to 3500 B.C.E Characteristics: Culture: Economy: no writing skills; polytheistic; rise priesthood Agricultural Revolution; barter ; irrigation systems; job specialization-potters, farmers, Soldiers; villages ar e created; towns- example: Catal Huyuk paternalistic; rise social classes using Wealth-land clan leaders who undertook supervision of Agricultural project-irrig ation systems Society: Government: River Valley Civilizations: c. 3500-1500 BCE Characteristics (use same classific ations as above) Mesopotamia/Sumeria c. 3500 -1500 BCE Characteristics: Culture: writing-cuneiform, polytheism and religion, ziggurats Political: Sargon, type o f government systems, city-states, empires, Law Hammurabi Social: Social classes , role women, slavery Economic: Trade patterns (with whom they traded, products exported and imported); agriculture (irrigation systems) technology, Tigris and Euphrates, crops and domesticated animals Egypt c. 3500 BCE Characteristics: Cul ture: polytheism, main gods, mummification process, priesthood, writinghieroglyp hics, scribes, pyramids Political: empire, pharaoh-concept divine kingship Socia l classes: social classes, role women Economic: agriculture, trade patterns, Nil e-silt, irrigation, metallurgy, crops and domesticated animals Indus River Valle y c. 2500 BCE Characteristics: Harappa and Mohenjo Daro and Aryan Invasions Cult ure: religion-formation Hinduism-Vedic Age Political: who ruled? Maharajas and p rinces, decline cities Social classes: Aryans, caste, role women, paternalistic

Economic: trade and agricultural patterns, metallurgy, Indus river River Valley Civilizations: China: c. 2000 -221 BCE Huang He: Shang c. 1750-1027 BCE oracle bon es, use bronze, empire, animistic religion and ancestor worship, pigs, millet, c hickens domesticated; silk textiles Zhou 1027-221 BCE Characteristics: Political: Mandate of Heaven and the Son of Heaven; government Structure Cultural: writing systems, philosophy born: Confucianism, Legalism, Daoism-secular Economic: trade , technology Classical Civilizations: Origins of Classical ChinaQin- 221-201 BCE Characteristics: Political: Emperor Shi Huangdi-unification China, Legalism, ce ntralization, bureaucracy; Economic: census, Systems of weights and measures, tr ade, agriculture Han China 206 BCE-220 CE Characteristics: Political: emperor Wu Ti, bureaucracy, role Confucian scholar, centralization Economics: trade (Silk Road), agriculture, technological advances; Society: social classes-Mandarins, mean people , role women, role peasants, merchants, soldiers Culture: writing systems, l iterature Causes- Decline Greece 1000-500 BCE Characteristics: Political: role c itizen, democracy, military state, polis, cause/effect Peloponnesian Wars, Peric les Economic: trade patterns, technological innovations, agriculture; Society: u pper and lower classes, role women Culture: philosophy-Socrates and Aristotle, l iterary works-Homer and epics, comedy and drama; architecture-Dorian Ionic and C orinthian forms, Parthenon Causes- Decline: Peloponnesian Wars, Macedonia Hellen istic empire: c.323-30 BCE Alexander the Great, extent empire, cultural blend Ir an (Persia) 1000-30 BCE Characteristics: Political: government structure, satrap s, Medes, Achaemenid, emperor, Cyrus, Darius, Xerxes, extent empire, Persian War s (cause and effect) Economic: trade, roads, products imported, exported, agricu lture (Qanats) Society: social classes Rome 753-31 BCE Characteristics: Politica l: Republic, Senate, consuls, tribune, emperor, empire extent, Julio Caesar and republican crisis, Augustus-empire, Diocletian, Constantine Economic: Trade patt erns (with China also), large plantations-latifundia, exports and imports, techn ology-engineering-roads, aqueducts, dome, Colosseum Social: paterfamilias, patri cians, plebeians, role women, slavery, paterfamilias Cultural: literary works, L atin, Cicero, Virgil, Causes- Decline Maurya 324-184 BCE and Gupta 320-550 CE Ch aracteristics: Political: Kautilya, Chandragupta, Asoka, brief unification, exte nt empires, bureaucracy Social: caste System, role women Economic: trade pattern s, agriculture, technology, taxation Cultural: role Hinduism Bhagavad Gita, Upanis hads Decline: White Huns India:

You will have a separate test after the Unit One test on Religions and trade rou tes, so you do not need to know this on religions until after the Unit One test Rel igion: Major beliefs and characteristics of the following religions including fo unders, polytheistic or monotheistic, how religion spread: Polytheism (Egypt, Me sopotamia, Greco-Roman) Hinduism (India) Aryans Judaism (Jews-Middle East, Israe l) Abraham, Moses Buddhism (India and Asia) Buddha Christianity (Roman Empire) J esus, Paul Confucianism (Classical China) Confucius Daoism (classical China) - L aozi

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