Student Name: Student No: PET 467E Analysis of Well Pressure Tests Quiz No. 2 M.

Onur Given Date: 12.03.2008 Duration: 15 minutes Note: You will not use an extra sheet; you will use front/back pages of this sheet to answer your questions.

Solutions
Questions (1) Give the definition for the isothermal compressibility of single-phase fluids in terms of density and then briefly discuss what we mean by the slightly compressible fluid assumption. The isothermal compressibility of single phase fluids in terms of density can be defined as:

cf =

1 d dp T

By slightly compressible fluid assumption we mean a fluid having a constant (independent of pressure and temperature) and very small compressibility. Usually on the order of 105-106 1/psi.

(2) Classify the glabal flow regimes that may be observed during a well test, and then discuss what factors dictate the observance of a specific flow regime.

Transient flow regime: The pressure signal does not feel the boundaries of the drainage area. This period is also called the infinite acting period. It is important to note that dp/dt=f(r,t)

Pseudo Steady State Flow: The pressure signal in this case feels the effect of the boundaries and the boundaries are no-flow, in other words the boundaries are sealed. It is important to nota that dp/dt=constant.

Steady State Flow: The pressure feels the boundaries, but the boundaries in this case are constant pressuere. The reservoir pressure at all locations stays the same afterwords. In other words, dp/dt=0

It follows that the reservoir outher boundary conditions dictate the flow regimes to be observed in reservoir flow.

(3) As you recall from lecture notes, the pressure equation used for semilog analaysis is based on a approximation based on the line source (or Theis) solution and is given by:
pi p ( r , t ) = k 162.6qsc B log ( t ) + log 3.23 2 kh ct r

Using the above equation, derive an equation for the pressure-derivative (Bourdet derivative or derivative with respect to natural logarithm of time), i.e., dp ( r , t ) d ln(t ) = ??

where ln(x) = 2.303 log(x) Lets take the derivative of both sides of the equation:
dp ( r , t ) k dpi d 162.6qsc B d 162.6qsc B d 162.6qsc B log t + log = ( 3.23) 2 d ln t d ln t d ln t kh d ln t kh c r d ln t kh t

If we eliminate the terms that are zero, we have:

dp ( r , t ) 162.6qsc B d log t = d ln t kh d ln t

Since we know that:ln(x)=2.303log(x)

dp ( r , t ) 1 162.6qsc B = d ln t 2.303 kh

dp ( r , t ) 70.6qsc B or in terms of delta pressure (p = pi p(r,t)) = d ln t kh

d p ( r , t ) 70.6qsc B = d ln t kh

(4) When one should use semi-log approximation for analyzing interference pressure test data?

We should use it when tD/rD2 > 25 or when we see flattining (zero slope) on the derivative data. (5) What parameters in general can be uniquely obtained from interference pressure transient test by manual type-curve matching..

We can estimate uniquely kh/ and cth in general. However, if h and are known, then k and ct are uniquely determined.