Nautical Vocabulary for Morris v. West Hartlepool Steam Navigation Co., Carroll v. U.S. Towing, and The T.J.

Hooper North River: the one three blocks west of Lincoln Center, known outside the nautical trades as the Hudson River bailee one who takes custody of property without ownership

barge or lighter: A flat-bottomed freight-boat, chiefly for canal- and rivernavigation, either with or without sails: in the latter case also called a lighter; in the former, as in the Thames barges, generally dandyrigged, having one important mast. 1769 FALCONER Dict. Marine (1789), Barge, is also the name of a flat-bottomed vessel of burthen, for lading and discharging ships. 1846 GROTE Greece (1862) II. xx. 504 The merchandise was put into barges. bargee: beam sea: breakwater ebb tide: fasts: hold: coaming: a barge-hand or crewman on a barge the waves are coming from the side a structure, often made of stone, to protect an anchorage from weather the current on the falling tide. Opposite of the flood, or rising tide. lines that tie a boat/ship securely to something else a compartment below deck where cargo is stored a vertical edge around a gap in a deck to prevent water or objects from falling into the gap in the deck (like around the hold)

tween decks: a walkway located between two decks, here along the inside of the hull in ballast: cargo ships are designed to move through the sea when loaded with cargo. A ship in ballast has no cargo, only ballast. Such ships are higher out of the water and more likely to roll from side to side in a beam sea

beam swell:

the swell is the rising and falling waves of the sea. Beam means coming from the side. In a beam swell a ship rolls - meaning it sways back and forth to right and left (looking forward or to the back) as the waves pass under it. pieces of wood such as pallets or other loose materials to place under or between cargo to protect it from water, or to prevent motion or chafing.

dunnage:

Beaufort wind scale Force 5 17-21 knots Force 6 2227 Strong Breeze Larger waves 8-13 ft, whitecaps common, more spray Larger tree branches moving, whistling in wires Fresh Breeze Moderate waves 4-8 ft taking longer form, many whitecaps, some spray Small trees in leaf begin to sway

Force 7 2833 Near Gale Sea heaps up, waves 13-19 ft, white foam Whole trees moving, resistance felt streaks off breakers walking against wind

Force 8 Moderately high (18-25 ft) waves of greater length, 34Twigs breaking off trees, Gale edges of crests begin to break into spindrift, foam blown 40 generally impedes progress in streaks

Knot speed stated in nautical miles per hour Nautical mile 6,050 feet Tug a vessel designed for towing or pushing another vessel