1995 STANDARD for SOUND RATING OF OUTDOOR UNITARY EQUIPMENT

Standard 270

4301 NORTH FAIRFAX DRIVE

ARLINGTON, VIRGINIA 22203

IMPORTANT

SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS
It is strongly recommended that the product be designed, constructed, assembled and installed in accordance with nationally recognized safety requirements appropriate for products covered by this standard. ARI, as a manufacturers' trade association, uses its best efforts to develop standards employing state-of-the-art and accepted industry practices. However, ARI does not certify or guarantee safety of any products, components or systems designed, tested, rated, installed or operated in accordance with these standards or that any tests conducted under its standards will be non-hazardous or free from risk.

ARI CERTIFICATION PROGRAM PROVISIONS

Scope of the Certification Program The Certification Program includes testing to determine a sound rating for outdoor unitary airconditioning equipment.

Certified Ratings The following Certification Program rating is verified by test: 1. Sound rating in terms of a derived tone corrected A-weighted sound power level in decibels.

Note: This standard supersedes ARI Standard 270-94.

Price $10.00 (M) $20.00 (NM) Printed in U.S.A.

Copyright 1995, by Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute Registered United States Patent and Trademark Office

TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION PAGE

Section 1. Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Section 2. Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Section 3. Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Section 4. Test Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Section 5. Rating Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Section 6. Marking and Nameplate Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Section 7. Voluntary Conformance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

TABLES Table 1. Table 2. Table 3. Adjustments for Discrete Frequency Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 A-Weighting Adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Examples of Calculation Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

APPENDICES Appendix A. Appendix B. Appendix C. References - Normative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 References - Informative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Equation for Approximating Adjustments for Discrete Frequency Response 8

ARI STANDARD 270-95

SOUND RATING OF OUTDOOR UNITARY EQUIPMENT

Section 1. Purpose 1.1 Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to establish for outdoor unitary equipment definitions, requirements for testing and rating sound, marking and nameplate data and conformance conditions. 1.1.1 Intent. This standard is intended for the guidance of the industry, including manufacturers, engineers, installers, contractors and users. 1.1.2 Review and Amendment. This standard is subject to review and amendment as technology advances. 3.5 Published Rating. A published rating is a statement of the assigned values of those performance characteristics, under stated rating conditions, by which a unit may be chosen to fit its application. These values apply to all units of like nominal size and type (identification) produced by the same manufacturer. 3.5.1 Standard Rating. A standard rating is a rating based on tests performed at Standard Rating Conditions. 3.5.2 Application Rating. An application rating is a rating based on tests performed at application rating conditions (other than Standard Rating Conditions). 3.6 "Shall," "Should," "Recommended," or "It Is Recommended." "Shall," "should," "recommended," or "it is recommended" shall be interpreted as follows: 3.6.1 Shall. Where "shall" or "shall not" is used for a provision specified, that provision is mandatory if compliance with the standard is claimed. 3.6.2 Should, Recommended, or It Is Recommended. "Should," "recommended," or "it is recommended" is used to indicate provisions which are not mandatory but which are desirable as good practice. 3.7 Sound Power Level. The sound power level (Lw) of a sound source, in decibels (dB), is ten times the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of the sound power radiated by the source to a reference power. The reference power used in this standard is one picowatt (1 pW). 3.8 Sound Pressure Level. The sound pressure level (Lp), in decibels (dB), of a sound is 20 times the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of a given pressure to a reference pressure. The reference pressure used in this standard is 20 micropascals. 3.9 Unitary Air-Conditioner. A unitary air-conditioner consists of one or more factory-made assemblies which normally include an evaporator or cooling coil, a compressor and condenser combination, and may include a heating function as well. Where such equipment is provided in more than one assembly, the separated assemblies are to be designed to be used together.

Section 2. Scope 2.1 Scope. This standard applies to the outdoor sections of factory-made air-conditioning and heat pump equipment as defined in ARI Standard 210/240-94.

Section 3. Definitions 3.1 Definitions. All terms in this document will follow the standard industry definitions in the current edition of ASHRAE Terminology of Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration unless otherwise noted in this section. 3.2 Air-Source Unitary Heat Pump. An air-source unitary heat pump consists of one or more factory-made assemblies which normally include an indoor conditioning coil, compressor(s), and outdoor coil, including means to provide a heating function and may optionally include a cooling function. When such equipment is provided in more than one assembly, the separated assemblies shall be designed to be used together , and the requirements of rating outlined in the standard are based upon the use of matched assemblies. 3.3 Hertz. Hertz (Hz) is the unit for frequency in cycles per second. 3.4 One-Third Octave Band. A one-third octave band is a band of sound covering a range of frequencies such that the highest is the cube root of a two (approximately 1.26) times the lowest. The one-third octave bands used in this standard are those shown in Table 1, as defined in ANSI Standard S1.11-1986 (R1993).

ARI STANDARD 270-95 Section 4. Test Requirements 4.1 Test Requirements. Sound tests shall be conducted in accordance with ANSI Standard S12.32-1990. 4.1.1 Sound power levels shall be determined in decibels re 1 pW for the one-third octave bands listed in Table 1. Throughout this frequency range, the laboratory facility shall have been qualified for pure tone response in accordance with ANSI Standard S12.32-1990. 4.1.2 In the case of wall-mounted equipment, the mounting wall shall be of heavy masonry or equivalent construction, or an auxiliary mounting platform shall be provided, to minimize wall vibration effects.

Table 1. Adjustments for Discrete Frequency Response One-Third Octave Band

Lower Frequency Limit. Hz * Center Frequency. Hz Upper Frequency Limit. Hz

Projection of Band Level over Average of the Two Adjacent Bands Levels. dB
3.0 to 3.5 4.0 to 4.5 5.0 to 5.5 6.0 to 8.0

2.0

2.5

Over 8.0

90 112 140 180 224 280 355 450 560 710 900 1120 1400 1800 2240 2800 3550 4500 5600 7100 9000

100 125 160 200 250 315 400 500 630 800 1000 1250 1600 2000 2500 3150 4000 5000 6300 8000 10000

112 140 180 224 280 355 450 560 710 900 1120 1400 1800 2240 2800 3550 4500 5600 7100 9000 11200

-0.5 0 +0.5 1.0 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0

-0.5 0 +0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5

-0.5 0 +0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0

-0.5 0 +0.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5

-0.5 0 +1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

-1.0 0 +1.0 1.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5

-1.0 0 +1.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 5.5 5.5 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0

* The center frequencies are the reference values specified in ANSI S1.11-1986. Discrete frequency adjustments not applicable. Note: All of the upper and lower frequencies in the above table have been rounded off slightly for ordinary use.

ARI STANDARD 270-95 Section 5. Rating Requirements Table 2. A-Weighting Adjustments 5.1 Introduction. This standard utilizes a single number rating system based on one-third octave band sound power level test data. This data is adjusted to reflect the subjective response to any discrete frequency components and then translated into a single number sound rating. 5.1.1 Determination of Equipment Sound Power Levels. Equipment sound power levels for each onethird octave band shown in Table 1 shall be determined in accordance with Section 4. The sound power level test data shall be expressed in dB re 1 pW for each onethird octave band to the nearest 0.5 dB. 5.1.2 Adjustment of Equipment Sound Power Level Data for Discrete Frequency Response. Whenever the sound power level of any one-third octave band exceeds the average of the two adjacent bands by more than 1.5 dB, the level of that band shall be arithmetically adjusted in accordance with Table 1. To establish the appropriate adjustments from Table 1, the projection shall be rounded up to the next higher 0.5 dB. The adjustments of Table 1 may also be approximated by the equation found in Appendix C. However, when using the equation in Appendix C, the value obtained for the projection of a band over the average of the two adjacent bands should not be rounded. 5.1.3 Conversion of Sound Power Levels to AWeighting. The equipment sound power levels, including adjustments as required in 5.1.2, shall be Aweighted third octave sound power levels obtained by applying adjustments from Table 2. 5.1.4 Calculation of ARI Sound Rating. The Sound rating for the specified conditions shall be determined from the A-weighted third octave sound power levels obtained in 5.1.3 by using Equation 1 and by rounding off to the nearest 1.0 dB. ARI Sound Rating (SRARI) = 10*log10
n ' 1

Band Center Freq (Hertz) 100 125 160 200 250 315 400 500 630 800 1000 1250 1600 2000 2500 3150 4000 5000 6300 8000 10000

One-Third Octave Band Corrections (dB) -19.1 -16.1 -13.4 -10.9 -8.6 -6.6 -4.8 -3.2 -1.9 -0.8 0 +0.6 +1.0 +1.2 +1.3 +1.2 +1.0 +0.5 -0.1 -1.1 -2.5

5.2 Examples. Examples of the calculation procedure are presented in Table 3. 5.3 Standard Rating Conditions. ARI Standard Sound Ratings shall be determined by the procedure specified in 5.1 of this standard at the rating conditions specified below. 5.3.1 Electrical Characteristics. Tests shall be performed at the nameplate rated voltage, phase and frequency, at the unit service connection. For units with dual nameplate voltage ratings, standard sound tests shall be performed at both voltages. The higher of the two Ratings obtained shall be the ARI Standard Sound Rating or both Ratings shall be used and suitably identified.

j 10
N

Lwc(n) 10

. . . . . . (1)

where: SRARI = tone adjusted A-weighted sound power level in bels decibels (dB). Lwc(n) = tone corrected sound power level in the nth band = Lw(n) + corrections from Tables 1 and 2 N = total number of bands used in the calculation = 21

4
Table 3. Examples of Calculation Procedure Example A Example B
Adjustment for Discrete Frequency Response, dB (from Tbl. 1) Aweighting Adjustment s (from Tbl 2) A-weighting Adjustments (from Tbl 2) Adjusted Equipment Sound Power Level, dB re 1 pW Lw(n) One-Third Octave Band Center Frequency, Hz Equipment Sound Power Level, dB re 1 pW Lw(n) Adjustment for Discrete Frequency Response, dB (from Tbl. 1) Adjusted Equipment Sound Power Level, dB re 1 pW Lw(n)

ARI STANDARD 270-95

One-Third Octave Band Center Frequency, Hz

Equipment Sound Power Level, dB re 1 pW Lw(n)

100 125 160 200 250 315 400 500 630 800 1000 1250 1600 2000 2500 3150 4000 5000 6300 8000 10000 Sound Rating ARI = 74.56 or 75 dB

84.5 91.5 88.5 84.5 82.0 83.0 80.0 79.0 77.5 77.0 78.0 74.5 73.0 71.0 69.5 69.0 68.0 66.0 65.0 64.0 62.5

---0.5 ------+1.0 --------+3.0 ---------------------

-19.1 -16.1 -13.4 -10.9 - 8.6 - 6.6 - 4.8 - 3.2 - 1.9 - .8 .0 .6 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.0 .5 - .1 - 1.1 - 2.5

65.4 74.9 75.1 73.6 73.4 77.4 75.2 75.8 75.6 76.2 81.0 75.1 74.0 72.2 70.8 70.2 69.0 66.5 64.9 62.9 60.0

100 125 160 200 250 315 400 500 630 800 1000 1250 1600 2000 2500 3150 4000 5000 6300 8000 10000

72.0 72.0 68.5 72.0 69.0 66.5 66.5 65.5 65.0 64.0 63.0 62.5 62.0 62.0 61.5 61.0 61.5 58.0 51.0 47.5 48.5

---0.5 --+0.5 ------------------------+3.0 +3.0 -------

-19.1 -16.1 -13.4 -10.9 - 8.6 - 6.6 - 4.8 - 3.2 - 1.9 - .8 .0 .6 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.0 .5 - .1 - 1.1 - 2.5

52.9 55.4 55.1 61.6 60.4 59.9 61.7 62.3 63.1 63.2 63.0 63.1 63.0 63.2 62.8 62.2 65.5 61.5 50.9 46.4 46.0

Sound Rating ARI = 87.46 or 87 dB

ARI STANDARD 270-95 5.3.2 Outdoor-Side Air Quantity. All tests shall be made at the outdoor-side air quantity specified by the manufacturer where the fan drive is adjustable, or, where the fan drive is direct-connected, they shall be determined at the outdoor air quantity inherent to the unit when operated with all of the air resistance elements associated with inlet louvers and any duct work and attachments normally supplied as part of the unit. Once established, the outdoor air circuit shall remain unchanged for all tests prescribed herein, except for the Reduced Ambient Operation (See 5.3.6). 5.3.3 Operation. All components required to produce the Standard Rating capacity under ARI Standard 210/240-1994 shall be operated while data is being taken and the test conditions shall be identical to the Standard (Cooling) Condition temperatures specified in ARI Standard 210/240-1994. The test temperatures are tabulated below: Air temperatures entering indoor side. 80EF [26.7EC] dry bulb, 67EF [19.4EC] wet bulb Air temperature entering outdoor side. 95EF [35.0EC] (and 75EF [23.9EC] wet bulb when condensate is rejected to the air stream) 5.3.4 Indoor Side Loading. The indoor side loading shall be maintained as follows: 5.3.4.1 Single-Package Units. Tests shall be conducted at the air quantity used for Standard Rating tests as specified in ARI Standard 210/2401994. 5.3.4.2 Split-System Units. The indoor refrigeration load shall be maintained at the values required to duplicate those found under Standard Rating tests as specified in ARI Standard 210/240-1994. 5.3.5 Test Condition Tolerances. The allowable tolerances for sound ratings are as follows: Air Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . 2EF [1.1EC] When the indoor side loading is simulated by a method not requiring air, the following tolerances apply: * Suction gas temperature at compressor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5EF [2.8EC]
* Applicable only when the suction gas is superheated 10EF [5.6EC] min. in the equivalent Standard Rating test specified in ARI Standard 210/240-1994

Evaporator pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 psi [13.8 kPa] 5.3.6 Reduced Ambient Operation. For those units designed to automatically operate with lower noise levels during reduced ambient conditions, standard ratings shall also be determined with the unit operating at these lower sound levels per 5.3 to 5.3.5, except that the temperature entering and surrounding the outdoor portion of the unit shall be 80EF [26.7EC] dry bulb and 67EF [19.4EC] wet bulb when condensate is rejected to the air stream). 5.4 Application Ratings. Application sound ratings for conditions other than standard shall be based on tests conducted at those conditions. 5.5 Minimum Data Required for Published Ratings. Wherever application ratings are published or printed, they shall include or be accompanied by the ARI Standard Sound Rating(s), clearly designated as such. Published application ratings shall include a statement of the conditions at which the ratings apply. 5.6 Rating Tolerances. Any outdoor unitary equipment selected at random and tested in a suitably qualified laboratory in accordance with the standard shall have an ARI Standard sound Rating, when tested, not higher than its standard rating.

Section 6. Marking and Nameplate Data 6.1 Marking and Nameplate Data. The nameplate shall display the manufacturer's name, model designation and electrical characteristics. Recommended nameplate voltages for 60 Hertz systems shall include one or more of the utilization voltages shown in Table 1 of ARI Standard 110-90. Recommended nameplate voltages for 50 Hertz systems shall include one or more of the utilization voltages shown in Table 1 of IEC Standard Publication 38.

Section 7. Voluntary Conformance 7.1 Conformance. While conformance with this standard is completely voluntary, conformance shall not be claimed or implied for products or equipment within its Purpose (Section 1) and Scope (Section 2) unless such claims meet all of the requirements of the standard.

ARI STANDARD 270-95

APPENDIX A. REFERENCES - NORMATIVE

Listed here are all standards, handbooks, and other publications essential to the formation and implementation of the standard. All references in this appendix are considered as part of the standard. ASHRAE Terminology of Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., 1791 Tullie Circle N.E., Atlanta, GA 30329, U.S.A. ARI Standard 110-90, Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating Equipment Nameplate Voltages, AirConditioning and Refrigeration Institute, 1990, 4301 North Fairfax Drive, Suite 425, Arlington, VA 22203, U.S.A. ARI Standard 210/240-94, Unitary Air-Conditioning and Air-Source Heat Pump Equipment, AirConditioning and Refrigeration Institute, 1994, 4301 North Fairfax Drive, Suite 425, Arlington, VA 22203, U.S.A. ANSI Standard S1.11-1986 (R1993), Octave-Band and Fractional Octave-Band Analog and Digital Filters, American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036, U.S.A. ANSI Standard S12.32-1990, Precision Methods for the Determination of Sound Power Levels of DiscreteFrequency and Narrow-Band Sources in Reverberation Rooms, American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036, U.S.A. IEC Standard Publication 38, IEC Standard Voltages, International Electrotechnical Commission, 1983, 3, rue de Varembe, P.O. Box 131, 1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland.

ARI STANDARD 270-95

APPENDIX B. REFERENCES - INFORMATIVE

None.

ARI STANDARD 270-95

APPENDIX C. EQUATION FOR APPROXIMATING ADJUSTMENTS FOR DISCRETE FREQUENCY RESPONSE

The adjustments of Table 1 may also be approximated by using the following equation. However, when using this equation, the value obtained for the projection of a band over the average of the two adjacent bands should not be rounded. L = L - P + 10 log 10 {antilog 10 [log10 (antilog10 {P/10} - 1) + B] + 1} where: L = L = P = B = Y = F =

Corrected band level, dB Original band level, dB Original band projection, dB 76.2794 - 75.7439 Y + 29.9803 Y2 - 6.13769 Y3 + 0.691827 Y4 - 0.0408822 Y5 + 0.000991561 Y6 Rn F Band center frequency, Hz

In the above equation L shall be rounded to the nearest 0.5 dB.