Annina: Monsieur Rick, what kind of a man is Captain Renault?

Rick: Oh, he's just like any other man, only more so. (Joy Page and Humphrey Bogart in Casablanca, 1942)

"'How are you?' I said. "'As you see,' old Hernandez said, and he pushed his cap back on his forehead and smiled, 'alive.'" (Martha Gellhorn, "The Third Winter," 1938)

"In its beginning, dialogue's the easiest thing in the world to write when you have a good ear, which I think I have. But as it goes on, it's the most difficult, because it has so many ways to function. Sometimes I needed a speech do three or four or five things at once--reveal what the character said but also what he thought he said, what he hid, what others were going to think he meant, and what they misunderstood, and so forth--all in his single speech." (Eudora Welty, interviewed by Linda Kuehl. The Paris Review, Fall 1972)

"[T]he dialogue is selective--finely polished, and arranged to convey the greatest possible amount of meaning with the least use of words. . . . [Dialogue] is not a phonographic reproduction of the way people actually talk. Its the way they would talk if they had time to get down to it and refine what they wanted to say." (Robertson Davies, "The Art of Fiction No. 107." The Paris Review, Spring 1989)

Mel Gussow: Do you read or talk your dialogue out loud when you're writing it? Harold Pinter: I never stop. If you were in my room, you would find me chattering away. . . . I always test it, yes, not necessarily at the very moment of writing but just a couple of minutes later. MG: And you laugh if it's funny? HP: I laugh like hell. (Mel Gussow's interview with playwright Harold Pinter, October 1989. Conversations With Pinter, by Mel Gussow. Nick Hern Books, 1994)

Advice on Writing Dialogue "There are a number of things that help when you sit down to write dialogue. First of all, sound your words--read them out loud. . . . This is something you have to practice, doing it over and over and over. Then when you're out in the world--that is, not at your desk--and you hear people talking, you'll find yourself editing their dialogue, playing with it, seeing in your mind's eye what it would look like on the page. You listen to how people really talk, and then learn little by little to take someone's five-minute speech and make it one sentence, without losing anything." (Anne Lamott, Bird by Bird: Some Instructions on Writing and Life. Random House, 1994)

"[A]lways get to the dialogue as soon as possible. I always feel the thing to go for is speed. Nothing puts the reader off more than a big slab of prose at the start." (P.G. Wodehouse, Paris Review Interview, 1975)

"Just as in fiction, in nonfiction dialogue--voices talking out loud on the page-accomplishes several important dramatic effects: It reveals personality, provides tension, moves the story along from one point to another, and breaks the monotony of the narrator's voice by interjecting other voices that speak in contrasting tones, using different vocabularies and cadences. "Good dialogue lends texture to a story, the sense that it is not all one slick surface. This is especially important in a blatantly first-person narrative, since it offers the reader relief from a single, narrow viewpoint. The voices in dialogue can enhance or contradict the narrator's voice and contribute irony, often through humor." (Philip Gerard, Creative Nonfiction: Researching and Crafting Stories of Real Life. Story Press, 1996)

Inderect Questions
Indirect questions are normal questions with courtesy and shape longer. Example: Where's the department store? - Direct Questions Could you tell me where the department store is, please? - Indirect questions What's his name? - Direct Questions Do you know what his name is? - Indirect questions Form The question is not directly formed from two parts: polite questions, and questions that have no inversion subject / verb like a normal question. Example: What's his name? >> Do you know what his name is? - Indirect questions Here the polite phrase is "Do you know ...", and the question was "... what his name is?". Note that the subject and verb does not change its place in the question section. So if we say "Do you know what is his name?", This is not true. Other examples: What's the time? >> Do you have any idea what the time is? - Indirect questions Polite phrase is "Do you have any idea ...?". and the question was "... what the time is?". The question is not "... what is the time?" - We do not reverse the position of subject and verb as in a normal question. Auxiliary verb "To do" Auxiliary verb "to do" is used in the question if there is no other auxiliary verb. Example: You like Chinese food. >> Do you like Chinese food? Indirect questions do not use the auxiliary verb "to do" in the main question. Example: When does the next train arrive? - Direct Questions Do you know when the next train arrives? - Indirect questions Do you know when does the next train arrive? - Not true Other examples: When does the restaurant close? - Direct Questions Could you tell me when the restaurant closes? - The question is not directly Could you tell me when does the restaurant close? - Not true There are limits to how to make indirect questions. Not all sentences do not directly represent the actual question, it is polite statements that encourage responses. some polite phrase that UUM include: I wonder if / Whether ...? I can not remember if / Whether ...?

Could you tell me if / Whether ...? Would you mind telling me if / Whether ...? Would it be possible for you to ...? Is there any chance you could ...? I do not suppose you could ... I'd like to know if / Whether ... I can not remember ... Contoh dialog A : Hello Erick..!? B : Oh, hello William.. How are you ? A : Im fine. Thank you. How about you ? B : Im fine, too. You bring a lot of things. Where do you want to go, anyway ? A : I want to go to my uncles house. B : Oh, I see. A : Yes, tomorrow is my uncles birthday. B : Really..!? A : Yes Erick. B : And have you buy something special for your uncle? A : Yes, I have. B : May I know, what is it? A : Of course. I bought a very good wallet. Made in Italy. B : Wow Your uncle must be happy to receive it. A : I hope so. B : By the way, are you alone to go there? A : Yes, I am. B : If you dont mind, I can escort you till there by car. A : Are you serious!? B : Yes, I am. A : It takes about 2 hours, you know. B : Its okay, william. A : You are very kind to me. Thank you so much, Erick. B : You are my friend. And dont be silly. A : Oh, okay. Please, forgive me. B : Then, shall we go now? A : OK. B : Good. Lets go now.direct Requests

Dialogue adverbs of quantity

Michelle : Hi. Good morning. Nina : Good morning. Michelle : May I borrow your book, Nina ? Nina : Yes, of course. Wait a minute. Here you are. Michelle : Thank you very much. Nina : You are welcome. Michelle : See you in school, Nina. Nina : See you.