Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research Foundation of Technical Education Al-Musaib Technical College

IN VITRO MICROPROPAGATION OF TWO ROSE (Rosa sp.) CULTIVARS

A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE COUNCIL OF THE TECHNICAL COLLEGE/ ALMUSAIB AS PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF TECHNOLOGY IN PLANT PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES (PLANT TISSUE CULTURE)

BY KAWTHER HADI ABOOD AL-MAAMORY

Supervised by

Asst. Prof. Dr. Muslim Abd Ali Abdulhussein Asst. Prof. Dr. Mahdi Nahi Shaial 2011

Abstract The present study was conducted at Plant Tissue Culture

Laboratory/ Department of plant production techniques / AL-Musaib Technical college during 2007-2008 , for in vitro micropropagation of roses cvs. Peace and Eugen. The study included many experiments to choose the best method for disinfesting axillary buds, studying the effect of different concentrations of plant growth regulators Banzyl adenin (BA), 1-Naphthalen acetic acid (NAA), Cibberellic acid (GA3) and 3indole butyric acid (IBA) at initiation, multiplication and rooting stages, also studying the effect of liquorice extract on shoot multiplication and to decide the best plantlet hardening and transplanting method from laboratory to the soil. The following results were obtained : 1- For both cultivars, surface sterilization of axillary buds (single nodes) with sodium hypochlorite at 1.5% for 10 min or mercuric chloride (HgCl2) at 0.1% for 5 min were effective in reduction of contamination . 2- Single nodes of both cultivars cultured in MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/l BA gave the highest response percentage 100% in initiation stage. 3- The addition of BA to the medium significantly increased number of shoots/explant as compared with control and the best concentration was 3 mg /l which gave the highest number. 4- Inclusion of NAA in proliferation medium MS + 3 mg /l BA significantly improved shoots number and length, and the best concentration was 0.2 mg/l NAA + 3 mg /l BA compared with the other concentrations. 5- Addition of GA3 to the proliferation medium MS +3 mg/l BA + 0.2 mg/l NAA showed a significant effect on shoots length and the

concentration 0.01 mg/l gave a highest shoot length( 15 mm) compared with the others. 6- Inclusion of liquorice extract in proliferation medium MS +3 mg / L BA + 0.2 mg/l NAA significantly improved shoots number and length, especially at the concentration of 2 ml/l, compared with the other concentrations. 7- Shoots of both rose cultivars failed to root in half streagth of MS salts which included 0.0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg/l IBA. 8- Shoots of both rose cultivars succeded root in half salt MS which included 0.0, 0.1, 0.5 1.0 and 1.5 mg/l IBA after covering of tube bottoms with black tapes and keeping micropropagatted shoots in darkness for a determined period 5 days during the rooting phase. 9- Inclusion MS medium with activated charcoalat 3 g of was

significantly effective on root formation for both rose cultivars in all used concentrations of IBA.
10- Eugen microshoots were rooted directly ex vitro in sterilized

mixture of soil: peatmoss 1:1 by treating their bottoms with 2.5 mmol/L of IBA for 7 sec which gave 100 % rooting percentage .
11- Rooting Treatments in this study using liquid medium, activated

charcoal, ex vitro rooting affected the percentage of acclimatizaed plantlets success especially with peace cultivar in which plantlets grown in liquid medium when rooting zone was covered with black tape, gave highest acclimatization plantlet success compared with plantlets produce in solid medium containing charcoal.
12- There were differences between studied cultivars in relation of

their response to studied factors in multiplication and rooting stages.