ADIT-IT410 Wu Jian Min

150100000698

ADVANCED DIPLOMA IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Project Documentation
ADIT IT410 Advanced Network [Wireless Application Protocol]

Name: Wu Jian Min Student ID: 150100000698 Class: IT410-Advanced Network Country: Brunei Lecturer Name: Mr. Jomar de Luna

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Contents
1. Project Overview

Page

1.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................3 1.2 Objective........................................................................................................................4 1.3 History of WAP............................................................................................................5 2. WAP Protocol works.....................................................................................................6 3. WAP Architecture.........................................................................................................7 4. WAP Model....................................................................................................................8 5. Technical Content 5.1 Application Area............................................................................................................9 5.2 List of Network............................................................................................................10 5.3 Hardware and Software................................................................................................11 6. Implementation 6.1 Benefit of WAP............................................................................................................12 6.2 Conclusion...................................................................................................................13 6.3 Future development.....................................................................................................14 6.4 Cost..............................................................................................................................15 7. Reference......................................................................................................................16 8. Appendix.....................................................................................................................B-1

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Introduction
What is Wireless Application Protocol? Wireless Application Protocol is abbreviated as WAP. It is a technical standard. It is used for accessing information over a wireless network, such as cellular phone and radio transceivers. It is also used for Internet access, including newsgroups, instant messaging and WWW (World Wide Web). The Wireless Application Protocol was conceived by four companies: Nokia, Motorola, Unwired Planet and Ericsson. WAP provides a lot of function for mobile. It is easy to delivery relevant information and services to mobile users quickly. It can be used in different operating system such as Windows CE, OS/9, JavaOS and others. It provides service that is able to exchange information even within different device families. There are five layers of WAP as shown below: 1. Wireless Application Environment WWW and Mobile Telephony technologies are combined together in WAE. It contains device specifications and content development programming languages, WML, WMLScripts. It also included Wireless Telephony Application. Therefore, WAE included data formats, images, calendar information and records. 2. Wireless Session Layer WSL saves bandwidth on wireless links. It provides fast connection suspension and reconnection. 3. Wireless transaction layer WTP provides datagram service. 4. Wireless Transport Layer Security It is security protocol. It provides enough authentication, privacy protection mechanisms and data integrity. 5. Wireless Transport Layer Wireless Datagram Protocol in this layer. In the higher layer of the WAP protocol stack, it performs a standard data format.

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Objective
1. It provides Internet content and information to cellular phones and other wireless terminals. 2. It can work with different wireless network technologies because it has met the specification of a global wireless protocol. 3. It is able to create content and applications, therefore it can go around a wide range of wireless bearer networks and wireless device types. 4. It uses and extend standards that existing and appropriate technology. 5. It is able to delivery any information and services to mobile wireless terminals. 6. It works toward a unified information space. 7. It works toward common standards and technologies.

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History of WAP
WAP Forum, which is founded in 1997 by several communication and telephone companies, is the main source to publish WAP. Around 90% of the global handset market is from the WAP Forum members. Software developers, leading infrastructure providers and other organization are from the WAP Forum members. The aim of the WAP forum is to solve problems of wireless internet access. The wireless application protocol has passed through minor revisions. On April 1998, WAP 1.0 was released. In 1999, WAP 1.1 was released. In 2000, WAP 1.2 was released. In 2002, WAP 2.0 was released. WAP 2.0 version has supported the usage of XHTML MP and also WAP CSS.

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How does Wireless Application Protocol works

Steps about Wireless Application Protocol working 1. An option device on the mobile device is selected. The option included WML content. 2. The URL request is sent to a WAP gateway through the phone network. It uses binary encoded WAP protocol. 3. At that time, the gateway needs to translate the WAP through the request from the WAP protocol stack to the WWW protocol stack. After that, gateway sends it on to the Internet. 4. Web server accepts the HTTP request and processes it. The server delivers it if the URL is a static WML file. The URL is processed and the content returned as usual if a CGI script is requested. 5. HTTP header is added by server and is sent back to the gateway. 6. The WAP gateway makes the WML into binary form and sends it back to phone. 7. WML via the WAP protocol is received by phone. 8. The WML is processed by the micro-browser. The process information by the microbrowser displays the content on the screen.

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WAP architecture

Interne t HTML JavaScri pt HTT P TLSSSL TCP/IP UDP/I P

Wireless Application Protocol Wireless Application Environment Wireless Session Layer Wireless Transaction Protocol Wireless Transport Layer Security Wireless Datagram Protocol Bearers: SM S CDM A USSD CDP D CS D PDCP IS136 Et c.

Other Services and Applicatio ns

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WAP Model

Client WAP User Agents WAP Protoco l Stack

WAP Gateway/Prox y

Wirel ess Netw ork WAP Protocol

Encoder s and Decoder s

Origin server

CGI Script s Etc. WML WML Scrip t

The Inter net 4 Interne t Protoc ol

Protocol Conversi on

1: WAP request (URL) 3: HTTP request (URL) Description:

2: WAP response (Binary WML) 4: HTTP response (WML)

Protocol Gateway: It is a translator. The requests which have been translated are from the WAP protocol stack to the WWW protocol stack (HTTP and TCP/IP) Content Encoders and Decoders: The content encoders are used to translate WAP content into compact encoded formats to reduce the size of data over the network. Standard naming model: WWW standard URLs are used to show WAP content on origin service and identify local resources in a device Content typing: All the formats of the WAP content have a particular type. The purpose allows WAP user agents to make content correctly under this format. Standard content formats: WAP content formats are under WWW technology. It has included display markup, electronic business card objects, scripting language, images and calendar information. Standard communication protocols: The function of WAP communication protocols is use to look for requests from mobile terminal to network web server.

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Technical Content
Application Area Nowadays, some networks with wireless application protocol used in some classes. Weather forecasts Horoscopes News E-mail Voicemail Call management to modify the personal information Mobile banking services Mapping and vehicle location information services Ticket purchase Flight check in

There are some devices using WAP recently. Those devices are mobile phones, pages, twoway radio, smart phones and communicators. Some operating systems have supported to use in WAP networks. List of operating systems are Windows CE, FLEXOS, PalmOS, EPOC, OS/9 and JavaOS.

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ADIT-IT410 Wu Jian Min List of Networks

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Normally WAP is used to work with wireless networks. A list of wireless networks by using WAP as below: 1. CDPD: cellular digital packet data 2. CDMA: code division multiple access 3. GSM: global system for mobile communication 4. PDC: primary domain controller 5. PHC: primary health care 6. TDMA: Time division multiple access 7. FLEX: 8. REFLEX 9. iDEN: integrated digital enhanced network 10. TETRA: terrestrial trunked radio 11. DECT: digital enhanced cordless 12. DataTAC 13. MObitex

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ADIT-IT410 Wu Jian Min Hardware and Software

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Every network consists of hardware and software, WAP does so. Lists of hardware and software requirements are shown below: A WAP gateway. A WAP phone for final testing. A WAP simulator to test WAP application. WAP simulator can be as Nokia WAP Toolkit version 2.0. A WML to develop WAP application. A web server with connection to the internet. Web server can be as Microsoft IIS or Apache on Windows or Linux.

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Implementation
Benefit of WAP 1. End User The dominant tools in communications are as mobile phones and a de facto platform for information is as internet simultaneously. In order for an end user starting to use a common protocol, the end user will be offered more useful and advanced services. Therefore access to the services for the user must be easier to use and to understand from a mobile phone. 2. Operators The operators can be used in different areas, such as banking, directory services and others. The differentiation in the further is that protocol makes it possible to design their own menus within the mobile phones in order to make the services become easier. 3. Industry Avoiding over-lapping costs and investment in the telecommunication industry is the important step to evolve the services of wireless data/message that can increase the usage of data in wireless networks. 4. Applications and content developers Developers will be allowed to develop WAP standard once and publish content providers once. The purpose is for all users across all protocols and all carriers. At first, developers can be allowed to get unified access to the whole global user community. Therefore, wireless community can now enjoy the using of internet that has been provided by the wired world with the help of the unified opportunity.

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ADIT-IT410 Wu Jian Min Conclusion

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WAP service is not expensive, as long as we have a WAP that is able to support data or fax communication within our phones and our SIM cards. And WAP signals a new modern for the wireless industry. Recently, the WAP has become very popular application in the market. The successful of the WAP has to be depended on an unifying influence that can bring to flourish the global industry. Unfortunately, some problems are within WAP. Although WAP is very popular, it still has its own challenges to make market acceptance. Will the consumer, who are used to traditional Web surfing, willing to use the limited capability of WML decks? Besides, the uncertainty and untried system of the technical WAP are still working out. In generally, token compression seems working fine in the web. But the reduction in transmission time between the interpreters and compilers in the client and server of the token compression is very complicated. These problems will be able to solve by WAP Forum members in a future. Finally, WAP will become a new application to flourish in the web.

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ADIT-IT410 Wu Jian Min Future development

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The future of WAP is depends on consumers. We need to know whether the consumers use WAP devices to access the web or use some other technologies. We need to concern the future of WAP because of low bandwidth and limited input ability. WAP will facilitate the subscribers with much higher data rates and capacity with high bandwidth capabilities according to the evolution of 2.5G/3G system in upcoming years. In fact, WAP was designed for low power consumption, small screens, for wide scalability over bearers and alternating coverage which are still applicable in 2.5/3G networks. The main point is that WAP is an application not a web in mobiles.

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ADIT-IT410 Wu Jian Min Cost

150100000698

Overhead is very common during networking. However, different costing depends on networking environment. A mobile over WAP network will make some costing. Components 3g mobile phone A818 WAP Voip modem GPS Tracking Web Server Price per unit $137 $300 $90 Quantity 1 1 1 Total price $137 $300 $90

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Reference
1. Costing
http://www.alibaba.com/trade/search? Country=&IndexArea=product_en&fsb=y&SearchText=Web+server

2. WAP Layer
http://compnetworking.about.com/od/wirelesswap/l/aa123000a.htm

3. Definition of WAP
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_Application_Protocol

4. WAP Architecture
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/wap/wap_architecture.htm

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