Parsons Brinckerhoff Australia Pty Limited

ABN 80 078 004 798

22 February 2013

Level 5 503 Murray Street Perth WA 6000 PO Box 7181 Cloisters Square WA 6850 Australia Tel: +61 8 9489 9700 Fax: +61 8 9489 9777 Email: perth@pb.com.au www.pbworld.com
Certified to ISO 9001, ISO 14001, AS/NZS 4801 A GRI Rating: Sustainability Report 2011

Bill Drobnik Design Manager Vaughan Constructions Pty Ltd 880 Lorimer Street Port Melbourne 3207

Our ref: 2161087A-GEO-LTR-001 RevA

Dear Bill

Bullsbrook Development Geotechnical Desk Study

This desk study of the subsurface ground conditions was completed for the proposed Bullsbrook Development site. The proposed Bullsbrook Development site is located west of Great Northern Highway between Butternab and Dewar Roads in Bullsbrook, Western Australia, and includes Lots 2, 11 and 12. The plan of the site, as provided by the client, is attached in Annex A. The findings in this letter are based on the publically available sources of information referred to, which were the only sources of information known to exist by Parsons Brinkerhoff at the time of writing. No intrusive investigation was undertaken due to time constraints.

1. Site location and existing land use

The site is located approximately 35 km northeast of Perth in Bullsbrook, Western Australia. The elevation of the site, according to the Perth Groundwater Atlas (www.water.gov.au), is approximately between 40 m and 45 m AHD. A drive-past site inspection (the property was not entered), indicated the site topography is predominantly flat, except in the area of the Nambah Brook, an approximately 5 m deep gully running from the intersection of Butternab Road and Great Northern Highway to approximately the southern intersection of Lot 2 and Lot 11. The gully appears to cross cut Lot 11 just south of the boundary with Lot 2. However, the full extents of the gully could not be confirmed. Such of the gully as could be seen was dry at the time of drive-past (n.b. viewed in February after a dry summer). Current land use of the development site (Lots 2, 11 and 12) appears to be industrial and/or agricultural storage. The exact use of the sheds could not be definitely determined. Lot 2 is shown in Photo 1 and Lot 11 is shown in Photo 2 below. Photo 1 shows what appear to be warehouses for storage of mechanical equipment, while Photo 2 appears to unused land around the sheds land.

2161087A-GEO-LTR-001 RevA:OJ/OJ: 1/5

Photo 1

View of Lot 2 looking southeast

Photo 2

View of Lot 11 looking east

2. Geology
Perth Metropolitan Region 1:50,000 Environmental Geology Series Map Sheet 2034 I and part of 2134 W (1984) indicates that the subsurface conditions consist of sandy silt in the southeast portion (approximately 20% of the site area) and gravelly silt for the remainder. The site is approximately 500 m due east of the north/south trending Darling Fault. The relevant extract from the geologic map is presented in Annex B. The Bullsbrook development site is circled in red. The light green is indicative of the alluvial gravelly silt of the Guildford Formation, while the yellow is indicative of the colluvial sandy silt.

2161087A-GEO-LTR-001 RevA:OJ/OJ: 2/5

The gravelly silt is of alluvial origin and is part of the Guildford Formation. The geological map indicates it is likely to comprise fine to coarse, subrounded laterite, quartz and weathered granite gravel with some fine to medium siliceous sand. The sandy silt can be dispersive. The geological map indicates this formation generally has low permeability, low corrosion potential, moderate to high slope stability, high ease of excavation, low shrink-swell potential, and moderate to high bearing capacity. A site visit indicated silty sand with gravel at the surface. However, ponding water, as shown in Photo 3, indicates a low permeability soil such as silt.

Photo 3

View of Lot 2 looking south showing ponding water on the west side along the fence

The sandy silt is of colluvial origin with occasional gravelly layers consisting of quartzite, quartz, granite and laterite gravel. The sandy silt can be dispersive and friable. The geological map indicates that it generally has low permeability, low corrosion potential, moderate to high slope stability, high ease of excavation, low to moderate shrink-swell potential, and moderate bearing capacity. It is indicated that the presence of silt and the heterogeneity of the sand particle size within the deposit may produce unfavourable foundation conditions and that permanent slopes may be unstable (GSWA 1984). Use of a sand pad, either above existing ground or to replace it to some depth may provide better founding conditions than the in situ silty material. The geological map presents a number of historical boreholes. The closest to the site is about 4 km away and indicated the presence of shale at approximately 10 m depth. Other boreholes in the area, but further afield, indicate rock may be at significantly greater depth. It should be noted the rock depth can vary significantly over relatively short distances and that the existing data does not present rock levels close to this site.

3. Acid Sulfate Soils

The Western Australia Planning Bulletin 64 (DOE 2003) indicates that the development site has no known risk of acid sulfate soils (ASS) occurring within 3 m of natural soil surface. The relevant extract from Bulletin 64 is shown in Annex C, where the Bullsbrook development site is circled in red. The light orange shading indicates no known risk within 3 m of ground surface. Also, the Guildford Formation is not generally considered to present an ASS risk.

2161087A-GEO-LTR-001 RevA:OJ/OJ: 3/5

ASS risk cannot be definitively ruled out without site-specific tests but the available data indicates the risk to be low.

4. Groundwater
The site is outside the metropolitan area and therefore slightly beyond the scope of detailed data in the Perth Groundwater Atlas (www.water.gov.au). However, the online atlas shows some coarse data for the area, which indicates groundwater to be approximately 5 m below ground (elevation 35 m to 40 m AHD). The drive past indicated that the Numbab Brook (dry at the time of viewing) is approximately 4 to 6 m deep indicating groundwater is deeper than 4 m below ground surface as indicated by the Perth Groundwater Atlas. Photo 4 shows Numbab Brook looking southwest from the intersection of Butternab Road and Great Northern Highway. Although the location of photo 4 is off the development site, it shows the depth of the gully. It should be noted that the groundwater levels in the atlas represent levels to be expected in May, before onset of winter, and the viewing of the brook took place in February after a dry summer. Therefore, higher groundwater levels might be expected during winter conditions, particularly in the vicinity of the Numbab Brook. The silty nature of the soils underlying the site may result in water ponding in low points and generally difficult trafficking over unprotected soil during wet conditions as shown in Photo 3 above.

Photo 4

View of Numbab Brook from the intersection of Butternab Road and Great Northern Highway

5. Contamination
The Department of Environment provide an online resource for checking the contamination status of a site. Hence, risk of contamination was researched online for the following classifications: Contaminated remediation required, Contaminated restricted use or Remediated for restricted use. According to the online query, the development site is not listed as contaminated. However, there are four further classifications: Report not substantiated, Possibly contaminated investigation required, Not contaminated unrestricted use and Decontaminated which require a Detailed or Basic Summary of Records to be submitted to the DEC. The turnaround time for these four classifications is two weeks, which

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is outside the turnaround time for this report. However, the development site currently appears to be used for warehouse storage to there may be potential for spills of fuels and chemicals. Therefore, it is recommended that a Detailed or Basic Summary of Records be submitted to the DEC.

6. Limitations
The information presented in this document is limited to the information available to and known of by Parsons Brinckerhoff at the time of writing. The references used are described in the text. This document and the information are solely for the use of the authorised recipient and this document may not be used, copied or reproduced in whole or part for any purpose other than that for which it was supplied by Parsons Brinckerhoff. Parsons Brinckerhoff makes no representation, undertakes no duty and accepts no responsibility to any third party who may use or rely upon this document or the information. Furthermore, the report is further limited by the statements in Annex D. References Department of Environment, Government of Western Australia. Western Australian Planning Commission Bulletin 64, Figure 18, Central Metropolitan Region Scheme acid sulphate soils. Geological Survey of Western Australia, 1984. Muchea, Sheet 2034 I and Part of 2134 IV. Perth Metropolitan Region 1:50,000 Environmental Geology Series, Government of Western Australia, Department of Water, Perth Groundwater Atlas (www.water.wa.gov.au), referenced 21 February 2013.

Yours sincerely

Paul Hutchinson Principal Geotechnical Engineer Parsons Brinckerhoff

2161087A-GEO-LTR-001 RevA:OJ/OJ: 5/5

ANNEX A

Site plan

ANNEX B

Geology map extract

Extract from Perth Metropolitan Region 1:50000 Environmental Geology Series Muchea Sheet

ANNEX C

Bulletin 64 Figure 18 ASS map and extract

Risk classifications are not restricted to cadastral or hydrographic boundaries.

GEOCENTRIC DATUM OF AUSTRALIA

The acid sulfate soils maps set out in Planning Bulletin 64 are provided as a guide to the location of acid sulfate soil layers occurring at different depths in the areas of coverage. They have been prepared on the basis of geological origin, depth to groundwater and partial ground-truthing. The maps have been prepared by the Department of Environment and Conservation and the Department for Planning and Infrastructure on this basis in good faith, exercising all due care and attention. No representation or warranty, expressed or implied, is made as to the relevance, accuracy, completeness or fitness for purposes of these maps in respect of any particular users circumstances. Users of these maps should satisfy themselves concerning their application to their situation and where necessary seek expert advice. The acid sulfate soils maps set out in Planning Bulletin 64 will be periodically updated as new information becomes available and the State Governments acid sulfate soil mapping program progresses. Users should check the Planning Bulletins page on the Western Australian Planning Commissions website at www.wapc.gov.au to ensure that they have the most up-to-date version of the mapping.

Two Rocks

INDIAN
OL

WA NNE RO O
BRAN D

Yanchep

RO AD

YANCHEP NATIONAL PARK

HIGH

SHIRE OF CHITTERING

WAY

CITY OF WANNEROO
Eglinton Carabooda

Muchea
KIMBERLEY

D
YA NC HE P

MUC HEA
PILBARA

SOU TH

GASCOYNE

GREAT

MID-WEST

GOLDFIELDS-ESPERANCE

RD

Figure 18
PERTH PEEL

WHEATBELT

ROAD

SOUTH-WEST

GREAT SOUTHERN

N
0 1 2 3 4 5

Index to maps
Bullsbrook
RO AD
NORTHERN

kilometres

Quinns Rock
WA

Produced by Project Mapping Section, Mapping and GeoSpatial Data Branch, Department for Planning and Infrastructure, on behalf of the Western Australian Planning Commission, Perth, WA May 2007 -map7\ \plan_imp\plan_reform\acid_sulfate \Review_Nov06\ass_NorthMetRegion_f18.dgn 1:50 000 acid sulfate soils data supplied by Department of Environment and Conservation,WA and has a positional accuracy of + or - 125 m

NN ER OO

Neerabup

Mindarie

NEAVES

Legend high to moderate risk of ASS occurring within 3 m of natural soil surface moderate to low risk of ASS occurring within 3 m of natural soil surface no known risk of ASS occurring within 3 m of natural soil surface (or deeper) no data available local government boundary

OCEAN

Burns Beach
RO AD
HIGHW

WALYUNGA NATIONAL PARK

CITY OF SWAN
AY

Joondalup

Wanneroo

CITY OF JOONDALUP
Craigie

Ellenbrook

GNANGARA

ROAD

Planning Bulletin 64

North Metro Region Scheme acid sulfate soils

Figure 18

Extract from North Metro Region Scheme Planning Bulletin 64, Figure 18

ANNEX D

Standard Work of Practice

Legal

Standard Work Practice Limitations of Geotechnical Site Investigation

Instructions for use

SP-LGL-2002 Rev: A

1. This limitations statement is to be used in accordance with the PB Quality Assurance System. 2. The explanatory and limitation statement is drafted on the assumption that expressions P and client are defined elsewhere in the document. 3. The report for benefit of client section of the explanatory and limitation statement is aimed at precluding third parties from stating that they relied upon the contents of the report (and therefore provide an impediment to the recovery of damages by third parties for inaccurate or incomplete statements made in the report). 4. The statement is set up as a stand alone document, however, the text can be copied and inserted as a separate chapter in reports, etc.

Scope of services
This geotechnical site assessment report (the report) has been prepared in accordance with the scope of services set out in the contract, or as otherwise agreed, between the client and PB (scope of services). In some circumstances the scope of services may have been limited by a range of factors such as time, budget, access and/or site disturbance constraints.

Reliance on data
In preparing the report, PB has relied upon data, surveys, analyses, designs, plans and other information provided by the client and other individuals and organisations, most of which are referred to in the report (the data). Except as otherwise stated in the report, PB has not verified the accuracy or completeness of the data. To the extent that the statements, opinions, facts, information, conclusions and/or recommendations in the report (conclusions) are based in whole or part on the data, those conclusions are contingent upon the accuracy and completeness of the data. PB will not be liable in relation to incorrect conclusions should any data, information or condition be incorrect or have been concealed, withheld, misrepresented or otherwise not fully disclosed to PB.

Geotechnical investigation
Geotechnical engineering is based extensively on judgment and opinion. It is far less exact than other engineering disciplines. Geotechnical engineering reports are prepared to meet the specific needs of individuals. A report prepared for a consulting civil engineer may not be adequate for a construction contractor or even some other consulting civil engineer. This report was prepared expressly for the client and expressly for purposes indicated by the client or his representative. Use by any other persons for any purpose, or by the client for a different purpose, might result in problems. The client should not use this report for other than its intended purpose without seeking additional geotechnical advice.

This geotechnical report is based on project-specific factors

This geotechnical engineering report is based on a subsurface investigation which was designed for project-specification factors, including the nature of any development, its size and configuration, the location of any development on the site and its orientation, and the location of access roads and parking areas. Unless further geotechnical advice is obtained this geotechnical engineering report cannot be used: when the nature of any proposed development is changed when the size, configuration location or orientation of any proposed development is modified. This geotechnical engineering report cannot be applied to an adjacent site.

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Legal

Standard Work Practice Limitations of Geotechnical Site Investigation

SP-LGL-2002 Rev: A

Subsurface conditions are time dependent

Subsurface conditions may be modified by changing natural forces or man-made influences. A geotechnical engineering report is based on conditions which existed at the time of subsurface exploration. Construction operations at or adjacent to the site, and natural events such as floods, or groundwater fluctuations, may also affect subsurface conditions, and thus the continuing adequacy of a geotechnical report. The geotechnical engineer should be kept appraised of any such events, and should be consulted to determine if additional tests are necessary.

Avoid misinterpretation
A geotechnical engineer should be retained to work with other appropriate design professionals explaining relevant geotechnical findings and in reviewing the adequacy of their plans and specifications relative to geotechnical issues.

Geotechnical involvement during construction

During construction, excavation is frequently undertaken which exposes the actual subsurface conditions. For this reason geotechnical consultants should be retained through the construction stage, to identify variations if they are exposed and to conduct additional tests which may be required and to deal quickly with geotechnical problems if they arise.

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Legal

Standard Work Practice Limitations of Geotechnical Site Investigation

Report for benefit of client

SP-LGL-2002 Rev: A

The report has been prepared for the benefit of the client and no other party. PB assumes no responsibility and will not be liable to any other person or organisation for or in relation to any matter dealt with or conclusions expressed in the report, or for any loss or damage suffered by any other person or organisation arising from matters dealt with or conclusions expressed in the report (including without limitation matters arising from any negligent act or omission of PB or for any loss or damage suffered by any other party relying upon the matters dealt with or conclusions expressed in the report). Other parties should not rely upon the report or the accuracy or completeness of any conclusions and should make their own enquiries and obtain independent advice in relation to such matters.

Other limitations
PB will not be liable to update or revise the report to take into account any events or emergent circumstances or facts occurring or becoming apparent after the date of the report.

Amendment details
Revision
A

Details
Original

Date
18/07/08

By
M Jenkins

Parsons Brinckerhoff Australia Pty Limited ABN 80 078 004 798 Prepared:

Approved: Legal Counsel Page 3 of 3

Legal

Standard Work Practice Limitations of Report prepared in Connection with Potential Sale of Land or other Assets (no testing)
Instructions for use

SP-LGL-2006 Rev: A

1. This limitations statement is to be used in accordance with the PB Quality Assurance System. 2. The explanatory and limitation statement is drafted on the assumption that expressions PB and client are defined elsewhere in the document. 3. The report for benefit of client and purchaser from client section of the explanatory and limitation statement is aimed at precluding third parties from stating that they relied upon the contents of the report (and therefore provide an impediment to the recovery of damages by third parties for inaccurate or incomplete statements made in the report). 4. The statement is set up as a stand alone document, however, the text can be copied and inserted as a separate chapter in reports, etc.

Scope of services
This report (the report) has been prepared in accordance with the scope of services set out in the contract, or as otherwise agreed, between the client and PB (scope of services). In some circumstances the scope of services may have been limited by a range of factors such as time, budget, access and/or site disturbance constraints.

Reliance on data
In preparing the report, PB has relied upon data, surveys, analyses, designs, plans and other information provided by the client and other individuals and organisations, most of which are referred to in the report (the data). Except as otherwise stated in the report, PB has not verified the accuracy or completeness of the data. To the extent that the statements, opinions, facts, information, conclusions and/or recommendations in the report (conclusions) are based in whole or part on the data, those conclusions are contingent upon the accuracy and completeness of the data. PB will not be liable in relation to incorrect conclusions should any data, information or condition be incorrect or have been concealed, withheld, misrepresented or otherwise not fully disclosed to PB.

Environmental conclusions
In accordance with the scope of services, PB has relied upon the data and has not conducted any environmental field monitoring or testing in the preparation of the report. The conclusions are based upon the data and visual observations and are therefore merely indicative of the environmental condition of the site, including the presence or otherwise of contaminants or emissions. Within the limitations imposed by the scope of services, the assessment of the site and preparation of this report have been undertaken and performed in a professional manner, in accordance with generally accepted practices and using a degree of skill and care ordinarily exercised by reputable environmental consultants under similar circumstances. No other warranty, expressed or implied, is made.

Structural conclusions
This report represents views formed by an experienced structural engineer from a visual inspection of the building structure and from a review of data. In accordance with the scope of services, PB did not conduct any structural testing or design checks on the building. Because of the limited nature of the work, PB is not able to certify the structural adequacy of the building nor provide an estimate of the design life of the structure. Our conclusions presented in this report may differ if a more thorough inspection and detailed design check were undertaken.

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Legal

Standard Work Practice Limitations of Report prepared in Connection with Potential Sale of Land or other Assets (no testing)
Report for benefit of client and purchaser from client

SP-LGL-2006 Rev: A

The report has been prepared exclusively for the benefit of the Client and a purchaser of the site from the client. PB will not be liable to any other person or organisation and assumes no responsibility to any other person or organisation for or in relation to any matter dealt with or conclusions expressed in the report, or for any loss or damage suffered by any other person or organisation arising from matters dealt with or conclusions expressed in the report (including without limitation matters arising from any negligent act or omission of PB or for any loss or damage suffered by any other party relying upon the matters dealt with or conclusions expressed in the report). No person or organisation other than the client and a purchaser of the site from the client is entitled to rely upon the report or the accuracy or completeness of any conclusions and such other parties should make their own enquiries and obtain independent advice in relation to such matters.

Other limitations
PB will not be liable to update or revise the report to take into account any events or emergent circumstances or facts occurring or becoming apparent after the date of the report. The scope of services did not include any assessment of the title to or ownership of the properties, buildings and structures referred to in the report nor the application or interpretation of laws in the jurisdiction in which those properties, buildings and structures are located.

Amendment details
Revision
A

Details
Original

Date
18/07/08

By
M Jenkins

Parsons Brinckerhoff Australia Pty Limited ABN 80 078 004 798 Prepared:

Approved: Legal Counsel Page 2 of 2