1.

1 Village Location and Profile

Sr. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Particulars Village Name Location Land area and distribution Population No. of households No. of cattle No. of Schools No. of Hospitals Banks Drinking water facility Drainage facility Solid waste disposal method Details

12000 1880 360

13 14 15 16

Major Crops Rainfall per annum Sanitation Main occupation

Fresh water is supplied once in 15 days through govt. pipe connections 100% drainage faculty is available. No proper maintenance once in a week the waste is collected from every household and dumped in a common place- no proper treatment is employed coconut, vegetables, corn, dhal, sugarcane 1400 / 1880 have toilet Textile mill work ( Labors)

1.2 Waste Generation: Present scenario

1.2.1 Solid waste (a). Domestic Solid Waste Unlike urban life style, domestic kitchen waste generated in villages is immediately used as food for cattle. Rural people have mentality of reducing waste as far as possible. Therefore, amount of kitchen waste is not huge like urban area. In addition, people here are economically poor. Therefore, amount of domestic solid waste is comparatively little. Other metallic/plastic/paper waste is segregated at source only and sold out to recyclers. Generation of Solid waste in rural areas ranges between 50 gm/capita/day and 250 gm/capita/day as mentioned below: Rural (Peri- urban or Urban Outgrowth) :150 to 250 gm/cap/day Rural (Remote/Tribal) : 50 to 150 gm/cap/day

(b) Livestock Waste The village possesses a good number of cattle. According to Panchayat data, village has 360 numbers of cows. Taking 10 kg/animal/day dung amount as safe value, 2600kg/day dung waste is generated. (c) Agricultural waste Agro-wastes are mainly generated at the time of harvesting and include agricultural residues left in the field after harvesting/thrashing and the main stalk that is harvested with the crop. The main crops of the village are Coconut, vegetable, corn, dhal and sugarcane (d) Bio medical waste One primary health care centre and one maternity and child care centre are situated inside the village. Waste generation from these centres is very low. 1.2.2 Domestic Liquid Waste: Almost all population is facilitated with regular water supply through tube wells. It is estimated that about 75% to 80% water supplied through piped water supply scheme, comes out as grey water. The village has piped network for water supply and has 100% drainage facility. 1.2 Current Waste Management Practices 1.3.1 Solid Waste: (a) Domestic Solid waste management: As such, no method exists for solid waste management in the village. People dispose the waste on any open land. A common place to dump the waste has automatically come in to existence; people staying nearby the place use the same for dumping the waste. (b) Live stock waste: It is generated at almost every household. People generally collect and send them to nearby agricultural fields for soil conditioning and to use as fertilizer. Sometimes some external agencies also buy the dung waste for various purposes. 1.3.2 Liquid Waste: Disposal of liquid waste is the most neglected aspect in village. Though there is 100% drainage facility is available, there is no appropriate treatment system is provided. All liquid wastes from households is discharged on nearby open land. 1.4 Sanitation Village has a fairly good sanitation system. Out of 1880 households, 1400 have sanitation facility at home.

Summery: Table 1: Quantity of waste generation in the village Sr. No. 1. Type of waste Domestic Solid Waste Quantity/capita/ day 100 gm/capita/day Population: 12000 Total Quantity 12000*100= 1200 Kg/day Present WM practices food waste- cattle feed Others- Recycling, selling to vendor, dumping in open place Unorganized practice of dumping the dung in fields Dumping, transporting the waste to nearby city area No system exists, open discharge

2.

Cattle Dung

10 kg/capita/day No. of cattle= 260 Not Available

260*10= 2600 Kg/day Not Available

3.

Agricultural Waste Waste Water

4.

100 lit/capita/day

100*12000= 1200 m3/day

1.5 Proposed Waste Management Plan 1. Domestic solid waste, which is non biodegradable, shall be brought to material recovery centre. After sorting of waste in to several components like plastic, paper, metal, glass etc., it shall be sold to vendors for recycling. 2. Cattle dung shall be collected meticulously and shall be brought to windrow composting units for making organic manure. 3. Agricultural waste shall be converted in to briquettes that can be used as alternative fuel. 4. For wastewater treatment, conventional sewage treatment plant shall be opted.

1.6 Process flow for waste management

Waste Management Domestic Solid Waste Agricultural Waste Domestic wastewater

Cattle Dung

1.6.1 Domestic Solid Waste:

Garbage bags: Procurement, distribution and replacement Biodegradable waste Collection of waste Non Biodegradable waste Metals Plastics

Formation of volunteer teams

Others

Biodegradable waste

send to Composting unit

Plastics Collection Centre Incharge Metals

Sell for making of rural roads

Sell for reuse to vendors

Others

Sell to vendors

1.6.2 Cattle dung:

Team: 1 Collection of Cattle Dung Team: 2 Operation and maintainence of Compost sheds Team: 3 Packaging of maure bags Team : 4 Marketing and Selling

1.6.3 Agricultural Waste:

Team: 1 Identification of the spots generating Agro waste Team: 2 Collection of Agro waste Team:3 Pre processing Team: 4 Briquette making Team: 5 Marketing and Selling

1.6.4 Domestic Wastewater:

Influent Raw sewage from households

Primary Treatment Equalization Sadimentation Flocculation

Secondary Treatment Oxidation Ponds

Tertiary Treatment As per requirement of water reuse

Effluent Discharge as per CPCB Norms

1.7 Costs and Benefits

Sr. Unit/Sector No Rate I 1 2 Domestic waste Garbage bags Collection Trolleys Quantity Fixed cost Cost Maintenance/ yearly cost Total

6 Rs/No. 1500 Rs/ trolley

3 1800= 7200Nos 20 30000=00

32400=00

32400=00 30000=00

II

Material Recovery Centers Covered Shed Cattle Dung Compostin g Collecting devices Compostin g Sheds Gobar bank Amount Others Agricultur al wasteBriquette making Briquette making machines Domestic wastewater STP : primary treatment STP secondary treatment

30000=00

25000=00

75000=00

2 3 4 III

1500 10 Rs/trolle y LS LS 0.35 Rs /kg/day

15000=00

15000=00

1,00,000=00

10000=00 252000=00

1,10,000=00 252000=00

8000

32000=00

32000=00

IV 1

4000 Rs/ Sq m 4000 Rs/ Sq m

300000=00

6000=00

306000=00

2200000=00

44000=00

2244000=00

Sr. No.

Unit/Sector Economical Qty

Benefits Environmental Qty/year 438 T solid waste reduction for land filling Social

Domestic wasteSorting

LS 100 Rs/house/year

Total Rs/year 180000=00

Better health with solid waste

II

Cattle Dung Composting

864 kg/day 5 Rs/kg for 200days(Assumption) 10 t/day(conservative assumption) 3000 Rs/t for 200 days 1.1t waste produces 1 t of briquette 365 ML/year water available for reuse

1080000=00

III

Agricultural wasteBriquette making

545000=00

Soil enrichment 3456 Kg N 2592 Kg P 1728 Kg K 3300 T/year CO2 emission reduced

management Financial help with selling of cow dung No need to go for searching wood for fuel

IV

Domestic wastewater

146000mg/l BOD reduction

Health and hygiene

1.8 Notes
1. Before execution, the pilot system should be adopted on a small scale that includes all activities. 2. Wastewater treatment plant is expensive, so if the drainage line of the village can be connected to main sewer line of nearby city, the option should be thought upon. 3. This document is prepared on preliminary data to get estimate and does not show the exact cost.