OP 10 GAS IN EARTH ATMOSPHERE (by Volume) :*************** *************** ******** 01. 02. 03. 04. 05. 06. 07.

08. 09. 10. Nitrogen (N2) - (78.084%) Oxygen (O2) - (20.946%) Argon (Ar) - (0.9340%) Carbon dioxide (CO2) - (0.0397%) Neon (Ne) - (0.001818%) Helium (He) - (0.000524%) Methane (CH4) - (0.000179%) Krypton (Kr) - (0.000114%) Hydrogen (H2) - (0.000055%) Nitrous oxide (N2O) - (0.0000325%)

Longest, Largest, Biggest, Smallest, Tallest and Highest ======================================= Longest river (India) Ganges Longest river (World) Nile The longest tributary river of India Yamuna The longest river of the south Godavari Highest mountain peak Godwin Austin(k2) Largest lake (Fresh water) Wular lake (Kashmir) Highest Dam Tehri Dam on Bhagirathi River Largest Mosque Jama Masjid, Delhi Longest Road Grand Trunk Road State with longest coastline Gujarat Largest railway route Dibrugarh in Assam to Kannyakumari in Tamil Nadu Longest tunnel Jawahar tunnel (Jammu & Kashmir) Longest national highway NH-7 which runs from Varanasi to Kanyakumari Longest Dam Hirakod Dam (Orissa) Longest River Bride Mahatma Gandhi Setu, Patna Longest populated city Mumbai (1.60 crore) Largest Museum National Museum, Kolkata Largest Delta Sunderban Delta, W. Bengal Largest Dome Gol Gumbaz, Bijapur (Karnataka) Largest Zoo Zoological Gardens, Alipur, Kolkata Largest man-made Lake Govind Vallabh Pant Sagar (Rihand Dam) Largest Desert Thar (Rajasthan) Highest Tower Pitampura Tower, Delhi Smallest State (Area) Goa Smallest State (Population) Sikkim Highest Waterfall Gersoppa waterfall (Karnataka) Longest Electric railway line From Delhi to Kolkata via Patna Densest populated State West Bengal Largest cave temple Kailash temple, Ellora (Maharashtra) Largest animal Fair Sonepur (Bihar)

Highest Gateway Buland Darwaza, Fatehpur Sikri (Agra) Biggest Hotel Oberal Sharaton (Mumbai) Largest State (Area) Rajasthan Largest State (Population) Uttar Pradesh Place of heaviest rainfall Mausinram (Meghalaya) Largest corridor Rameshwaram temple corridor (Tamil Nadu) Largest cantilever span bride Howrah Bridge (Kolkata) Largest forest state M.P. Highest straight gravity Dam Bhakra Dam Longest Railway Platform Kharagpur (W. Bengal) Largest Stadium Salt lake (Yuva Bharti), Kolkata Largest Port Mumbai Highest Lake Devatal (Garhwal) Largest Lake (Saline water) Chika lake,Orissa Highest Award Bharat Ratna Highest Gallantry Award Paramveer Chakra Largest Gurudwara Golden Temple, Amritsar Deepest river valley Bhagirathi & Alaknanda State with longest coastline of South India Andhra Pradesh Longest river which forms estuary Narmada Largest Church Saint Cathedral (Goa) Longest Beach Marina Beach, Chennai Highest Battle field Siachin Glacier Highest Airport Len (Laddakh) Largest river island Majuli (Brahmaputra river, Assam) Largest Planetarium Birla Planetarium

List of Revolutions : Black Revolution - Petroleum Production Blue Revolution - Fish Production Brown Revolution - Leather/non-conventional(India)/Cocoa production Golden Fibre Revolution - Jute Production Golden Revolution - Fruits/Overall Horticulture development/Honey Production Green Revolution - Food grains Grey Revolution - Fertilizer Pink Revolution - Onion production/Pharmaceutical (India)/Prawn production Red Revolution - Meat & Tomato Production Round Revolution - Potato Silver Fiber Revolution - Cotton Silver Revolution - Egg/Poultry Production White Revolution (In India: Operation Flood) - Milk/Dairy production Yellow Revolution - Oil Seeds production Evergreen Revolution - Overall development of Agriculture

>>> ONE WORD SUBSTITUTION <<< ****************************

1. A person who believes in fate Fatalist 2. A person who is above hundred years Centenarian 3. A book published after the death of its author Posthumas 4. A book written by an unknown author Anonymous 5. A cinema show which is held in the afternoon Matinee 6. A citizen of the world Cosmopolitan 7. A contagious disease which spreads over a huge area Epidemic 8. A drug or other substance that induces sleep Soporific 9. A flesh eating animal Carnivorous 10. A game in which neither party wins Draw 11. A game in which no one wins Draw 12. A game or batter in which neither party wins Drawn/ Tie 13. A Government by a king or queen Monarchy 14. A Government by one Autocracy 15. A Government by the few Oligarchy

>>> IMPORTANT HEADS <<< *********************** Chairman, IRDA T. S. Vijayan Chairman, LIC S.K. Roy President, FICCI Naina Lal Kidwai Chairman, TRAI - Rahul Khullar Central Vigilance Commission (CVC)-PradeepKumar Director, CBI Ranjit Sinha Chariman, CCI Ashok Chawla President, ASSOCHAM -Raj kumar Dhoot President, NASSCOM - R Chandrashekhar Chairman, NASSCOM -KrishnakumarNatarajan Director, BARC -Dr. Shekhar Basu Director, DRDO - Avinash Chander Secretary, Department of AtomicEnergy (DAE) - R KSinha Chief Information Commissioner(CIC) -Satyanand Mishra Chairman, ISRO - Dr. KRadhakrishnan Chairperson, CBDT SudhaSharma Chairman, SEBI - U K Sinha Chief, Intelligence Bureau SaiyadAsif Ibrahim Director, NCERT - Prof. P Sinclair Governor, RBI Dr. RaghuramRajan.(New Declared) MD, NSE Chitra Ramakrishna President, ADB - Takehiko Nakao MD, BSE Ashish Chauhan Chariman, University GrantCommission VedPrakash Chief, Indian Airforce NormanAnilKumarBrowne MD, IMF Christine Lagarde Director General, WHO Margarate Chan Chairman, NABARD PrakashBakshi Chief, Indian Army Bikram Singh President, World Bank Jim YongKim

 Chairman, UPSC D. P. Agarwal Chief, RAW Alok Joshi CEO, IFC Jim Yong Cai Chief, Indian Navy Devendra Kumar Joshi Chairman, National FilmDevelopmentCorporation(NFDC)- Ramesh Sippy

Who's Who of Important Posts in India and Abroad ************************************************ Q1: Who is Finance Minister of India? --- P. Chidambaram Q2: Who is Governor of RBI ------Dr Duvvuri Subbarao Q3: Who is Chairman of SBI -------- Prateep Chaudhary Q4: Who is MD & CEO of ICICI Bank? --- Ms Chanda D. Kochhar Q5: Who is Chairman of IBA ----K R Kamath Q6: What is SEBI chief ? -------- U K Sinha Q7: Who is President of World Bank ? ----- Dr Jim Young Kim Q8: Who is Chairman of Planning Commission? -Manmohan Singh Q9: Who is Vice Chairman of Planning Commission? --Monek Singh Ahluwalia Q10: Who is Chairman of 14th Finance Commission---Y V Reddy (Former Governor of RBI) Q11: Who is MD of International Monetary Fund?--- Christine Lagarde (from France) Q12: Who is President of India -- Pranab Mukherjee Q13: Who is Vice President of India---- Mohammad Hamid Ansari Q14: Who is Comptroller Auditor General of India?--Shashi Kant Sharma (wef 23/5/2013) (Earlier it was Vinod K Rai) Q15: Who is Chairman of Rajya Sabha ---Mohammad Hamid Ansari Q16: Who is speaker of Lok Sabha ---Ms Meira Kumar Q17: Who is Chief Justice of India ---P. Sathasivam (wef 19/7/2013; Earlier CJI was Altamas Kabir) Q18: Who is Attorney General of India ---Goolam E Vahanvati Q19: Who is Solicitor General of India -- Mohan Parasaran Q20: Who is Chief Election Commissioner of India--- V S Sampath

>> ACRONYMS IN NEWS <<< ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1. NFSB : National Food Security Bill. 2. IPH : The Institute of Public Health, Bengaluru. 3. IBL : Indian Badminton League. 4. MCX : Multi Commodity Exchange of India Ltd. 5. NSEL : National Spot Exchange Ltd. 6. FTIL : Financial Technologies India Ltd. 7. CCE : Chief Controller of Explosives. 8. LoC : Line of Control.

9. MRPL : Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals Limited. 10. JMM : Jharkhand Mukti Morcha. 11. HPCL : Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited. 12. ISP : Internet service providers. 13. DoT : Department of Telecom. 14. RIL : Reliance Industries Ltd. 15. PCB : Pollution Control Board. 16. ESPs : Electro Static Precipitators. 17. APPCB : Andhra Pradesh Pollution Control Board. 18. FMCG : Fast Moving Consumer Goods. 19. PSUs : Public Sector Undertakings. 20. BSE : Bombay Stock Exchange. 21. CIL : Coal India Ltd. 22. INTUC : Indian National Trade Union Congress. 23. BMS : Bharatiya Mazdoor Sangh. 24. CITU : Centre for Trade Unions. 25. HMS : Hind Mazdoor Sabha. 26. AITUC : All India Trade Union Congress. 27. NDF : Non-Deliverable Forwards. 28. TRAI : Telecom Regulatory Authority of India. 29. UCC : Unsolicited Commercial Call. 30. AIFSCO : The Afghan Iron and Steel Consortium. 31. VSP : Vizag Steel Plant. 32. IPO : Initial Public Offer. 33. RINL : Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Ltd. 34. NMDC : National Mineral Development Corporation. 35. SAIL : Steel Authority of India Ltd. 36. JISCO : Jindal Iron and Steel Company. 37. JSPL : Jindal Steel and Power Limited.

UPDATES USEFUL FOR ALL COMPETITIVE EXAMS 1. Present Attorney General=>> Goolam Essaji Vahanvati 2. Present Solicitor General=>> Mohan Parasaran 3. Present Comptroller and Auditor General=>> Shashi Kant Sharma 4. Present Army Chief =>> Lt. Gen. Bikram Singh

5. Present Chief of Air staff=>>Norman Anil Kumar Browne 6. Present Chief of Naval Staff=>> Devendra Kumar Joshi 7. Present Chief Election Commissioner =>> V. S. Sampath 8. Present National Human Rights Commission,Chairman=>> K.G Balakrishnan 9. Present National Commission for Woman, Chairperson =>> Mamta Sharma 10. Present Chief Information Commissioner=>>Sathyanand Mishra 11. present Finance Commission, Chairman=>>Y.V.Reddy 12. Present ISRO, chairman=>> Dr. k. Radhakrishnan 13. present SEBI chairman =>>UKSinha 14. present Supreme Court ChiefJustice of India =>> P. Sathasivam 15. chief of Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) =>> Alok Joshi 16. chief of Intelligence Bureau (IB) =>> Syed Asif Ibrahim 17. chief of CBI =>> Ranjit Sinha....

SPORTS AWARDS 2013 Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award: Ronjan Sodhi. The Arjuna awardees: Virat Kohli(Cricket) Chekrovolu Swuro (Archery) Renjith Maheshwary (Athletics) P V Sindhu (Badminton) Kavita Chahal (Boxing) Rupesh Shah (Snooker) Gaganjeet Bhullar (Golf) Saba Anjum (Hockey) Rajkumari Rathore (Shooting) Joshna Chinappa (Squash) Mouma Das (Table Tennis) Neha Rathi (Wrestling) Dharmendra Dalal (Wrestling) Amit Kumar Saroha (Athletics)