OYSTER CULTURE

Introduction
Oyster is a mollusc with a soft un-segmented body protected by two permanent hard shells which increase in size as the animal grows. This marine bivalve belongs to the family Ostereidae which comprises three genera, namely: Ostrea, Crassostrea and Pyncnodonta. There are more than 100 known species of oysters, but only several species are widely cultivated (Quayle, 1980). Oysters are nutritious food organisms, rich in protein, minerals and vitamins. Their importance as food has helped numerous countries culturing them, to build up foreign exchange earnings. In Korea, for instance, oyster exports in 1982 contributed to about 54% to the total export of canned marine products to Canada, Australia, Holland and Sweden. This is also attributed to the successful culturing of oysters in the Southern sea area of the Korean Peninsula. The Philippines was a significant exporter of oyster to Singapore until the early 1980's. About 180,000 kg of oyster meat valued at Peso 215 million were exported to Singapore in 1980. Foreign market for Philippine oysters include Canada, United States, Netherlands, Switzerland, Jordan, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain and Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. Oyster culture is one way of producing food from the sea by farming suitable waters and estuaries where hydrographic conditions favour oyster growth. It lends itself as a mean of providing artisanal occupation to coastal communities either as a principal mean of livelihood or to augment overall income. The latter is true in coastal areas where fishing and aquaculture activities supplement each other; when the sea becomes too rough for fishing, then the small-scale fisherman can

turn to his oyster farm to be able to meet his family needs. In addition, oyster farming, if widespread, can help ease fishing pressure in over-fished waters as it diversifies the income sources of fishermen. Unfortunately, however, several countries in South and Southeast Asia and the Pacific are still engaged in experimental oyster culture and are beset by major constraints such as lack of trained personal/experts (Bangladesh); extreme hydrographic conditions (Burma); non-availability of local species (Fiji); low demand, lack of trained personnel, siltation and red-tides (Malaysia and Indonesia). Thailand is facing the problem of seed supply and low-nutrient waters (Table 1).

Fig: Oyester

TABLE 1. Status of oyster production in South and Southeast Asia and the Pacific.
Country
Bangladesh Burma China Fiji

Status
Experimental Experimental Highly developed Experimental

Major Constraint
Lack of trained personnel; exports Extreme hydrographic conditions Need mechanization No local species available for culture Low demand; lack of trained personnel; no leasing arrangements; red tide; siltation

Indonesia

Experimental

Malaysia Philippines Singapore Sri Lanka Tahiti Thailand

Experimental Developed None None None Developed

Limited seed supply; low-nutrient water;

Fig: Oyester Farming in the Filippines

BIOLOGY OF OYSTERS Knowledge of the biological characteristics of the cultured oyster species, is an essential and basic requirement for anyone intending to channel efforts and capital into this aquaculture practice.

Skeleton of Whale Shark

Whale sharks may not be the first species that comes to mind when you think of a shark. They are huge, graceful, and beautifully-colored. They are not really voracious predators, but feed on some of the tiniest creatures in the ocean. Below size rivals that of large whales.are some fun facts about whale sharks. One of the most notable facts about whale sharks is that they are theworld's largest fish. At a maximum length of about 65 feet and weight of 75,000 pounds, a whale shark's size rivals that of large whales.

Figure: Skeleton of whale

FIG: WHALE SKELETON IN SANFABIAN MUSEUM

Native Report About Education Trip

The world is your classroom. Learning can and should happen everywhere. Field trips have been a part of education for thousands of years. But valuable learning experiences outside the classroom are not trivial to plan, execute, and follow up on let alone to pay for or to convince a principal or superintendent that theyre valuable. But despite these challenges, a carefully planned and integrated field trip offers tremendous learning potential for all students. This phase of any field trip is perhaps the most demanding and time consuming, but is crucial to the success of the experience for everyone. Research has shown that students given pre-trip instruction learn and retain more from a field trip than those who receive no preparation.1 The following suggestions will make a difference in your next field trip: We also been to San Fabian City, just 40km from our University VMUF in San Carlos City, Pangasinan. It was awesome, we experience a lot, new friends, new classmate from around different parts of the country, different languages and different approaches has been seen among each other. All are happy, enjoying to see some new places and visited the beach which brings a lot of fun in the trips. The students from Nepal, India, Srilanka, Ghana, Iran and most probably the Philippines. That day from morning we have a craziness to visit such place, really a lots of inthusiam have seen on everybodies faces, wearing new clothes having a different approach and goal really makes reliastic. We all get together at 11 am as our instructor told us to be on time. Everybody took their lunch at home, and gathered together near Art & Science Building. Everyone is looking at one another, in

new dresses and with new expression on the faces, we can see the imagination of my every classmate. And finally there is a two Jeepni for all students, it was so comfortable for everyone to sit and relax and enjoying and playing the songs and our trip started like this. There is some of the picture while sitting in the Jeepni, we took and its here we can see our excitation and entertainment.

By all this pic, anyone can imagine how much we enjoyed in the Jeepni, its really a fun to roam and enjoyed in Philippines with these companies of people. And after that we finally reached at San Fabian. And we see, imagine the place looked at its scenario, really it was greenish, everythings at proper order n in a good maintained place. So we took a group picture at the entrance which was really good to see every bodies together.

Finally our journey started, we visited many places and feels really excited n over joyed n took lots of picture with our lovely dear friends and its so nice to been at that place.

These are the funs and excitement, we all as one group enjoyed together at museum with lots of romantic, love and happiness. And finally our trip came last to end up at the museum and then in the end we took this photo as a group unit.

And then we once again sit on the Jeepni and went to San-Fabian Beach for what moment every1 is ecited and willing to see the beautiful beach of San-Fabian and finally we been there and happy to see the beautiful nature scenario and the God's creation. It was really imaged to see that with lots of joy and entertainment to have and take a bath with lots of picture in different pose and in different style with different venue we took n shoot out.

And finally its end of the trip came and after enjoying almost 1 hour at the beautiful beach of San-Fabian, we told Bye-Bye to San Fabian Beach.

Finally like this our trip finished, we have to come back home. And again we take a ride in Jeepni and back to Our Place Our Home, San Carlos City.

Conclusion:Finally we saw different faces, met new people and contact them and with lots of joy everyone uploaded the piture in the facebook and tagged each other's name just to have a memory being together and even we learned more, we understand each other well, ate food together, gave one another valued and always remains a good caring with mutual understanding friends and will maintained this standars till future.

Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation Martin P.Posadas Street

Short Report About Education Trip