RA7277MagnaCartaforDisabledPersons

Anactprovidingfortherehabilitation,selfdevelopmentandselfrelianceofdisabledpersonsandtheir integrationintothemainstreamofsocietyandforotherpurposes rightsandprivilegesofdisabledpersons: equalopportunityforemployment accesstoqualityeducation NationalHealthProgram AuxiliarySocialServices Telecommunications Accessibility(barrierfreeenvironment) Politicalandcivilrights BP344AccessibilityLaw AnActtoEnhancetheMobilityofDisabledPersonsbyRequiringCertainBuilding,Institution, Establishments,andOtherPublicUtilitiestoInstallFacilitiesandOtherDevices. SCOPE Publicandprivatebuildingsandrelatedstructuresforpublicuseandwhichshallbeconstructed, repairedorrenovated. Streetsandhighwaysandpublicutilities Streetsandhighways Publictransportvehicles Publictelephones PublictransportterminalsincludingthoseofLRTA EO240DeclaringthePeriodfromYear2003to2012asthePhilippineDecadeofPersonswith Disabilities Nongovernmentorganizationsandselfhelpgroupsamongpersonswithdisabilities,aswellasother organizationsareherebyenjoinedtotakefullcognizanceoftheNationalPlanofActionfortheDecadeof PWDsandtofullycooperateintheattainmentofitsgoalsandactivitiesbygearingtheirpoliciesand aligningtheirprogramstosaidNationalPlan EO417DirectingtheImplementationoftheEconomicIndependenceforPWDs(Seriesof2005) Allnationalgovernmentagenciesincludinggovernmentownedandcontrolledcorporationsareenjoined tosupportandcooperateintheimplementationoftheEconomicIndependenceProgramforPWDs DSWDshalldevelopandimplementthenationalsocialpreparationprogramthatwilldealonmoral valuesandworkethicsofentrepreneurswithdisabilities DepEd/CHED/TESDAshallcontinuallydevelopasystemofequivalencytoensurePWDsaccessto employmentandentrepreneruship CDAshalldevelopandimplementprogramstopromotecooporganizinganddevelopmentamong PWDs EO417EconomicIndependenceProgram

nMarketsforproductsandservicesofcooperativesofPWDSandotherOrganizationofPWDsengagedin livelihood. nAccessibleWorkCenter. nCapitalforLivelihhodPrograms. JointDBMDSWDCircularNo.200301 nImplementingguidelinesforSection29oftheGeneralAppropriationsActforFY2003EntitledSetting Aside1%ofGovernmentAgencyBudgetforPrograms/ProjectsRelatedtoSeniorCitizensandthe Disabled. nIECcampaign/advocacy nHumanResourceDevelopmentandCapabilityBuilding nProvisionofEmploymentOpportunities nProtectionandSafetyProgram nGroupHome/FosterHome nPolicyDevelopment/Legislations nResearches nOtherPrograms/Projects/Activities/Servicesrelatedtotheirrespectivemandates. OfficeofthePersonswithDisabilitiesAffairs(OPDA) (GeneralAssemblyLeagueofCitiesofthePhilippines ResolutionNo.200313) (3rdMeetingofthemembersoftheNationalDirectorateofMunicipalitiesofthePhilippines LMPNDResolutionNo.0112001) nEncouragingcities/municipalitiestoestablishtheOPDA nMonitoringofcompliancewithAccessibilityLaw nImplementtheprovisionoftheMagnaCartaforDisabledPersons nEstablisheddatagatheringforstatisticsofPWDs nFormulateandimplementplans,programsandpoliciesrelatedtothepromotionofthewelfareofPWDs incoordinationwithconcernnationalgovernmentagencies. nEstablishproductionandlivelihoodshelteredworkshopsforPWDs.

REPUBLICACT9442 BegunandheldinMetroManila,onMonday,thetwentyfourthdayofJuly,twothousandandsix. [REPUBLICACTNO.9442] ANACTAMENDINGREPUBLICACTNO.7277,OTHERWISEKNOWNASTHE"MAGNACARTA FORDISABLEDPERSONS,ANDFOROTHERPURPOSES BeitenactedbytheSenateandHouseofRepresentativesofthePhilippinesinCongressassembled: SECTION 1. a new chapter, to be denominated as "Chapter 8. Other privileges and Incentives" is hereby added to Title Two of Republic Act No. 7277, otherwise known as the "Magna Carta for DisabledPersons",withnewSections32and33,toreadasfollows:

CHAPTER8.OtherPrivilegesandIncentives SEC.32.Personswithdisabilityshallbeentitledtothefollowing: (a) At least twenty percent (20%) discount from all establishments relative to the utilization of all services in hotels and similar lodging establishments restaurants and recreation centers for the exclusiveuseorenjoymentofpersonswithdisability (b) A minimum of twenty percent (20%) discount on admission fees charged by theaters, cinema houses, concert halls, circuses, carnivals and other similarplaces of culture, leisure and amusement fortheexclusiveuseofenjoymentofpersonswithdisability (c) At least twenty percent (20%) discount for the purchase of medicines in all drugstores for the exclusiveuseorenjoymentofpersonswithdisability (d) At least twenty percent (20%) discount on medical and dental services including diagnostic and laboratory fees such as, but not limited to, xrays, computerized tomography scansandblood tests, in all government facilities, subject to guidelines to be issued by the Department of Health (DOH), in coordinationwiththePhilippineHealthInsuranceCorporation(PHILHEALTH) (e) At least twenty percent (20%) discount on medical and dental services including diagnostic and laboratory fees, and professional fees of attending doctors in all private hospitals and medical facilities, in accordance with the rules and regulations to be issued by the DOH, in coordinationwith thePHILHEALTH (f) At least twenty percent (20%) discount on farefor domestic air and sea travelfor the exclusiveuse orenjoymentofpersonswithdisability (g) At least twenty percent (20%) discount in public railways, skyways and bus fare fortheexclusive useandenjoymentofpersonwithdisability (h) Educational assistance to persons with disability, for themtopursue primary, secondary, tertiary, post tertiary, as well as vocational or technical education, in both public and private schools,through the provision ofscholarships,grants, financial aids,subsidiesand other incentives toqualified persons with disability, including support for books, learning material, and uniform allowance to the extent feasible:Provided,Thatpersonswithdisabilityshallmeetminimumadmissionrequirements (i) To the extent practicable andfeasible, the continuance of the same benefits and privileges given by the Government Service Insurance System (GSIS),Social Security System (SSS),and PAGIBIG,as thecasemaybe,asareenjoyedbythoseinactualservice (j) To the extent possible, the government may grant special discounts in special programs for persons with disability on purchase of basic commodities, subject to guidelines to be issued for the purposebytheDepartmentofTradeandIndustry(DTI)andtheDepartmentofAgricultural(DA)and (k) Provision of express lanes for persons with disability in all commercial and government establishmentsintheabsencethereof,priorityshallbegiventothem. The abovementioned privileges are available only to persons with disability who are Filipino citizens uponsubmissionofanyofthefollowingasproofofhis/herentitlementthereto: (I) An identification card issued by the city or municipal mayor or the barangay captain of the place wherethepersonswithdisabilityresides (II)Thepassportofthepersonswithdisabilityconcernedor (III) Transportation discount fare Identification Card (ID) issued by the National Council for theWelfare ofDisabledPersons(NCWDP). Theprivilegesmaynotbeclaimedifthepersonswithdisabilityclaimsahigherdiscountsamaybe grantedbythecommercialestablishmentand/orunderotherexistinglawsorincombinationwith otherdiscountprograms/s. The establishments may claim the discounts granted in subsections (a), (b), (c), (f) and (g) as tax deductions based on the net cost of the goods sold or services rendered: Provided, further, That the

total amount of the claimed tax deduction net of valueadded tax if applicable, shall be included in their gross sales receipts for tax purposes and shall be subject to proper documentation and to the provisionsoftheNationalInternalRevenueCode(NIRC),asamended. SEC. 33. Incentives. Those caring for and living with a person with disability shall be granted the followingincentives: (a) Persons with disability shall be treated as dependents under the Section 35 (A) of the National Internal Revenue Code, as amended and as such, individual taxpayers caring for them shall be accorded the privileges granted by the code insofar as having dependents underthesamesectionare concernedand (b) Individuals or nongovernmental institutions establishing homes, residential communities or retirement villages solely to suit the needs and requirements of persons with disability shall be accordedthefollowing: (i)Realtytaxholidayforthefirstfiveyearsofoperationand (ii) Priority in the building and/or maintenance of provincialor municipal roadsleadingtotheaforesaid home,residentialcommunityorretirementvillage. SEC. 2. Republic Act No. 7277 is hereby amended inserting a new title, chapter and section after Section 38 be denominated as title 4, chapters 1 and 2 and Sections 40, 41 and 42 to read as follows: TitleFour ProhibitionsonVerbal,NonverbalRidicule andVilificationAgainstPersonswithDisability CHAPTER1.DeliverancefromPublicRidicule SEC. 39. Public Ridicule. For purposes of this chapter, public ridicule shall be defined asan act of making fun or contemptuous imitating or making mockery of persons with disability whether inwriting, orinwords,orinactionduetotheirimpairment/s. SEC. 40. No individual, group or community shall execute any of these acts of ridicule against persons with disability in any time and place whichcouldintimidate or resultin loss of selfesteem of thelatter. CHAPTER2.DeliverancefromVilification SEC41.Vilification.ForpurposesofthisChapter,vilificationshallbedefinedas: (a)Theutteranceofslanderousandabusivestatementsagainstapersonwithdisabilityand/or (b) An activity in public which incites hatred towards, serious contempt for, or severe ridicule of personswithdisability. SEC. 42. Any individual, group or community is hereby prohibited from vilifying any person with disabilitywhichcouldresultintolossofselfesteemofthelatter. SEC.3.Section46ofRepublicActNo.7277isherebyamendedtoreadasfollows: SEC. 46. Penal Clause. (a) Any person who violates any provision of this Act shall suffer the followingpenalties: (1) For the first violation, a fine of notlessthan FiftyThousand pesos (P50,000.00) but not exceeding One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) or imprisonment of not less than six months but not morethantwoyears,orbothatthediscretionofthecourtand (2) For any subsequent violation, a fine of not less than One hundred thousand pesos(P100,000.00) but not exceeding Two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000.00) or imprisonmentfor not less than two yearsbutnotmorethansixyears,orbothatthediscretionofthecourt. (b) Any person who abuses the privileges granted herein shall be punished with imprisonment of not

less than six months or a fine of not less than Five thousand pesos (P5,000.00), but not more than Fiftythousandpesos(P50,000.00),orboth,atthediscretionofthecourt. (c) If the violator is a corporation, organization or any similar entity, the officials thereof directly involvedshallbeliabletherefore. (d) If the violator is an alien or a foreigner, he shall bedeported immediately after serviceof sentence withoutfurtherdeportationproceedings. Upon filing of an appropriate complaint, and after due notice and hearing, the proper authorities may also cause the cancellation or revocation of the business permit, permit to operate, franchise and othersimilarprivilegesgrantedtoanybusinessentitythatfailstoabidebytheprovisionsofthisAct." SEC. 4. The title of Republic Act No. 7277 is hereby amended to read as the "Magna Carta for Persons with Disability", and all references on the said law to "Disabled persons" shall likewise be amendedtoreadas"personswithdisability. SEC. 5. The Department of Social Welfare and Development, the National Council for the Welfare of Disabled Persons, and theBureau of InternalRevenue, in consultationwith the concernedSenate and House committees and other agencies, organizations, establishments shall formulate implementing rules and regulations pertinent to the provision of this Actwithin sixmonths aftertheeffectivityofthis Act. SEC. 6. This Act shall take effect fifteen (15) days after its publication in any two newspapers of generalcirculation. Approved, (Sgd.)JOSEDEVENECIAJR. (Sgd.)MANNYVILLAR SpeakieroftheHouseofRepresentatives PresidentoftheSenate This Act which is a consolidation of Senate Bill No.2580and HouseBill No. 1214 was finallypassed by the Senate and the House of Representatives on February 8, 2007 and February 7, 2008 respectively. (Sgd.)ROBERTOP.NAZARENO (Sgd.)OSCARG.YABES SecretaryGeneralHouseofRepresentatives SecretaryoftheSenate Approved:30APRIL2007 (Sgd.)GLORIAMACAPAGALARROYO PresidentofthePhilippines IRROFRA7277 IMPLEMENTINGRULESANDREGULATIONSoftheMagnaCartaforDisabledPersons(RepublicAct No.7277) RULEI DEFINITIONOFTERMS Abandoned an abandoned disabled person is one who has no proper parental care or guardianship, or whoseparentsorguardianshavedesertedhimforaperiodofatleastsixcontinuousmonths. Abused an abused disabled person is one who has been maltreated raped, or seduced, exploited and overworked or made to work under conditions not conductive to good health. He/She is made to be in the streetorpublicplaces,andisexposedtomoraldanger. Accreditation means the Certification given by the Department of Health (DOH) and the Department of LaborandEmployment(DOLE)recognizingthedisability,skills,andqualificationsofadisabledworker.

Adapted Physical Education therapeutic application of physical education to rehabilitate learners with special needs whose functional deficiencies are amenable to improvement through exercise. Adapted physical education programs should be planned and implemented in coordination with psychological and medicalservices. Affordable Cost the lowest amount charged to a person that meets the criteria for affordability as determinedunderexistingpoliciesoftheDepartmentofHealth. Apprentice means a worker who is covered by a written Apprenticeship Agreement with an individual employer. Apprenticeable Occupation means any trade, form of employment or occupation, whichrequiresmore thanthree(3)monthsofpracticalonthejobtrainingsupplementedbyrelatedtheoreticalinstruction. Apprenticeshipmeansonthejobpracticaltrainingsupplementedbyrelatedtheoreticalinstruction. Apprenticeship Agreement meanswritten employments contractinwhichthe employer binds himselfto traintheapprenticeinturnagreestoworkfortheemployer. Auditory Training the producer of teaching persons with hearing impairments, to make full use of their residualability. Auxiliary a. Offering, providing help, assistance or support b. Functioning in a subsidiary capacity augmentingoravailabletoaugmentabasispower,potential,orabilitysupplementary AuxiliaryAidsandServicesinclude: 1. Qualified interpreters or other effective methods of delivering materials to individuals with hearing impairments 2. Qualified readers, taped tests, or other effective methods of delivering materials to individuals with visualimpairments 3. Acquisitionormodificationofequipmentordevicesand

4. Other similar services and actions or all types of aids and services that facilitate the learning
processofpeoplewithmentaldisability. Auxiliary Social Services are the supportive activities in the delivery of social services to the marginalizedsectorsofsociety. Basic Medical Services services rendered to disabled patients within the competence and capabilityof DOH health facilities which include health examinations, medical/surgical procedures, regular dental care andselectedprocedures,routine/speciallaboratoryexaminations,andancillaryproceduresasrequired. Cognitive Skills refers to the abilitytosee, perceive,understand,and see the relationshipbetweenideas andfacts. Commerce shall be taken on mean as travel, trade, traffic, commerce, transportation, or level that use and build on the resources of the community, including the impaired disabled and handicapped persons themselves,theirfamilies,andtheircommunityasawhole. CommunityBased Rehabilitation rehabilitation measures taken at the community level that use and build on the resources of the community, including the impaired, disabled and handicapped persons themselves,theirfamilies,andtheircommunityasawhole.Complete,AdequateandIntegratedSystemof Special Education educational program that caters to various types of learners with specialneeds from preschool to tertiary levels and their formal or nonformal programs that are complementary mutually reinforcingandacomparablestandards. Covered Entity means an employer, employmentagency, labor organizationor joint labor, management committee. Customized Vehicle a vehicle manufactured, reconstituted or reassembled to suit the particular user accordingtohispersonalrequirements,needsordesire. Depot an area wherefacilities for storing,classifyingandsortingof goods/cargoesare provided. It maybe a part or separate from the terminal and serves as a place for storing of the transport facility, fueling,

clearing,inspection,andrepair. Disability shall mean (1) a physical impairment that substantially limits one or more psychological, physiological or anatomical function of an individual or activities of such individual (2) a record of such an impairmentor(3)beingregardedashavingsuchanimpairment Disabled Gifted persons who demonstrate superior performance capabilities in intellectual, creative, specificacademicareas,leadership,orintheartsinspiteofphysical,sensoryorpsychosocialdisabilities. Disabled Persons those suffering from restrictionof different abilities, as a result of a mental.Physical or sensory impairment, in performing an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a humanbeing. Disabled Worker means a worker whose earning capacity is impaired by mental, physical or sensory deficiencyorinjury. Employment Agreement means the contract of employment entered into between the employerand the disabledworker. Formal Education refers to hierarchically structured and chronologically graded learning organized and provided by the formal school system and for which certification is required in order for the learner to progressthroughthegradesormovedhigherlevel(P.B.232EducationAct1982) Fits/Seizures a neurologic conditioncharacterizedby sudden loss of consciousness coupledwith sudden uncontrolledmovements. FunctionalRelatingdirectlytoeverybodyneedsandinterestsConcernedwithapplicationinactivity Practical Performingorabletoperformitsregularfunction Handicap refers to disadvantage for a given individual, resulting from an impairment or a disability, that limitsorpreventsthefunctionoractivity,thatisconsiderednormalgiventheageandsexoftheindividual. Handicapped a disadvantaged for a given individual, resulting from an impairment or a disability, that limits or prevents the function or activity, that is considered normal given the age and sex of the handicappedindividual. Impairment is any loss, diminution or aberration of psychological, physiological, oranatomicalstructure or function. Income Producing Projects or Homework Schemes means the work and services that a disabled person can adequately and preferentially do or provide in sheltered workshops or in about the disabled persons homes that will provide them the opportunity to earn a living and acquire a working capacityrequiredinopenindustry. Independent Living the degree to which a disabled person is able to maintain himselfindependentlyin thecommunityandingainfulemployment. Indigentadisabledpersonwhoselevelofincomefallsbelowthepovertythreshold. Learner with Special Needs a person who differs significantly from the average learner in (a) mental characteristics (b) sensory abilities (c) neuromuscular or physical characteristics (d) psychosocial characteristics or has multiple handicaps orhaschronicillness and orhasadevelopmental lagtosuch an extent that he requires modified or specialized instruction and services in order to developtohis maximum capability. Learning Disabled persons who, although normal insensory,emotional andintellectual abilities, exhibit disordersinperception,listening,thinking,reading,writing,spelling,andarithmetic. Learning Institution (LI) any educational institution managed or owned by the government, a private individual, a corporation or any legal entity,whichcaters to children, youth andadults withspecial needs. A learning institution maybe day orresidentialin natureandmaybebased either inthehome,hospital, school or community. Included here arerehabilitationagencies, shelteredworkshops, day carecenters and entities ofsimilarnature. Local Government Unit refers to the municipality,city,and provinceor to anypolitical subdivisionof the nationalgovernmentasdefinedbylaw.

Marginalized Disabled Persons refer to disabled personswho lackaccess torehabilitativeservicesand opportunities to be able to participate fully in socioeconomicactivities and who have nomeansof livelihood orwhoseincomesfallbelowthepovertythreshold. Mental Disability disability resulting from organic brain syndromes (example: mental retardation, acquired lesions of the central nervous system, demenia) and mental illnesses (psychotic and nonpsychotic disorders). Multihandicapped persons with more than one disability such as those with mentalretardationblindnessmentalretardationorthopedichandicap,deafnessblindnessandothers. Neglected a neglected disabled person is one whose basic needs have been deliberately unattended or inadequately attended. As a result, the disabled person is either malnourished, ill clad or without proper shelter. Nonformal Education any unstructured educational activity which take place outside the established formal education system. It is designed to complement or extend as well as provide an alternative to the formaleducation. Normalization a principle in SPED where learners with special needs are provided with an educational andlivingenvironmentascloseaspossibletowhatisordinarilyenjoyedbymostpeople. Orthopedically Handicapped persons whose impairment interferes either permanently or temporarily, with the normal functioning of the joints, muscles or limbs. Persons with Autism a developmental disability, having onset before 30 months of age, which is markedby disturbance indevelopment,language andrelationshipswithpersons,activitiesandobjects. Persons with Behavioral Problems those whocannotadjustto the socially acceptednorms ofbehavior and, consequently, disrupt their academic progress, the learning efforts of their classmates, and interpersonal relations. Their emotional and social development is so seriously impaired that they cannot benefitfrominstructioninanordinaryclass. Persons with Hearing Impairment those withauditory disabilities ranging from mild to profound hearing loss. Persons with Mental Retardation those with significant subaverage general intellectual functioning which originates during the developmental period, existing concurrently with deficits inadaptivebehaviorlike maturation,learningandsocialadjustment. Persons with Visual Impairment those with visual disabilities ranging from partialtototal loss of vision. Physiatristadoctorofmedicinewithspecializedtraininginrehabilitationmedicine. Prevocational Skills refer to preparatory activities designed to equip thelearner with readinessskillsfor formalvocationaltraining. Private Practitioner Physicians, physiatrist,physicaltherapist, occupational therapist,speech therapist, psychologist,andotherprofessionalsengagedinprivatepractice. Program Modification refers to any adjustments in the educational program and/or servicesfor learners with special needs in order to facilitate their learning. Modifications and adjustments may be done in such aspects as classroom program, services and facilities, class schedule, curricular scope and sequence, teachingobjectives,teachingstrategies,instructionalmaterials,facilitiesandequipment. Psychosocial comes from the words psychological and social interrelationship of the psychological aspects pertaining to the thoughts, feelings, reactions, behavior of a person with the social aspects pertaining to the situation circumstances, events, relationships, other people which influence or affect the personsometimestothepointofcausingdistress. Public Transportation means transportation by air, land and sea that provides the public with generalor specialserviceonaregularandcontinuingbasis. Public Transport Facilities shall defined as utilities of public transport operators engaged in the transportation of passengers on land, air and water, with or without fixed route of any class or service. Facilities shall include, among others, the conveyances, terminals, and other areas wherepeopleconverge towaitforsuchconveyances. Qualified Individual with a Disability shall mean an individual with disability who, with or without

reasonable accommodations, can perform the essential functions of the employment position that such individuals holds or desires. However, consideration shall be given to the employers judgment as to what functions of a job are essential, and if an employer has prepared a written description before advertising or interviewing applicant for the job, this description shall be considered evidence of the essential functions of thejob. Quality Education a learningprocess thatmakes the individual abetterperson and prepares him to cope with rapid social change with appropriate skills and positive values leading to productive andmeaningful life asresponsiblecitizen. Readily Achievable means a goal can be easily attained and carried out without much difficulty or expense.Indeterminingwhetheranactionisreadilyachievable,factorstobeconsideredinclude 1. thenaturalandcostoftheaction

2. the overall financial resources ofthefacility offacilities involvedin the action the numberof persons
employed at such facility the effect on expense and resources, or the impact otherwise of such actionupontheoperationofthefacility 3. the overall financial resources ofthecovered entity with respect tothenumber ofitsemployees the numbertypeandlocationofitsfacilitiesand 4. the typeof operations ofthe covered entity,including the composition, structureandfunctionsof the work force of such entity the geographic separateness, administrative or fiscal relationship of the facilityorfacilitiesinquestiontothecoveredentity ReasonableAccommodationsincludes 1. improvement of existing facilities used any employees in ordertorender thesereadily accessibleto andusablebydisabledpersonsand 2. modification of work schedules, reassignment to a vacant position, acquisition or modification of equipment or devices, appropriate adjustments or modifications of examinations, training materials or company policies, rules and regulations, the provision of auxiliary aids and services, and other similaraccommodationsfordisabledpersons. Rehabilitation an integrated approach to physical, psychosocial, cultural, spiritual, educational, or vocational measures that create conditions for the individual to attain the highest possiblelevel of functional ability. Research on Special Problems studies conducted on specialeducation andrelatedaspects such as: (a) conducted curriculum for particular types of competencies, learners withspecial needs, (b) teaching strategies, (c) teachers competencies, (d) materials development, (e) nature and needs of particular types of learners withspecial needs, (f)assessment oflearnerswithspecial needs, (g) programs andservicesand (h) adaptation in facilities and equipment. Sheltered Employment means the provision of productive work for disabled persons through workshops providing special facilities, incomeproducing projects or home works schemes with a view of giving the disabled the opportunity to earn a living thus enabling them to acquireaworkingcapacityrequiredinopenindustry. Sheltered Workshop refers to the places with special facilities for disabled workers, where income producing projects or homework schemes are available for the disabled to earn a living and acquire a workingcapacityrequiredinopenindustry. Social Barriers refer to the characteristics of institutions, whether legal, economic, cultural, recreational or other, any human group, community, or society which limit the fullest possible participation of disabled persons in the life of the group. Social barriers include negative attitudes, which tend to single out and excludedisabledpersonsandwhichdistortrolesandinterpersonalrelationships. Special Class refers to aclass generally for onetype of alearner with specialneeds organized within the regularschoolandtaughtbyaSPEDteacher. Special Education (SPED) the type of education specifically designed for learners with special needs who can not profit maximally from regular education such that they require trained personnel, modifications

inthecaracula,teachingmethods,instructionalmaterialsandadaptationsinfacilitiesandequipment. Special Education Needs take the form of the need for one or more ofthe following: (a) the provision of special means of access to the curriculum through special equipments, facilities orresources, modification of the physical environment or specialized teaching techniques (b) provision of a special or modified curriculum (c) particular attention to the social structure and emotional climate in which education takes place(UNESCO),WorldEducationReport,1991) SpecialEducationTeacherprofessionallytrainededucatorsteachinglearnerswithspecialneedS.