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KRL 12/02
Performance Analysis
Mechanical Seal Life is Affected by: Design
Seal Pump Support System Bearing Coupling Flush
Installation
Seal Pump
Operation
Pump Support System Flush System
Performance Analysis
A Definition of Seal Failure
Undesirable passage or leakage of fluid past sealing components causing:
Dilution of a process stream Poisoning of the environment An immediate safety hazard
The actual threshold for "failure" criteria is defined by the user or a governmental agency.
Performance Analysis
Classification of Seal Failures
Mechanical 24% Operation 40% Poor Fluid Circuit Design 19% Incorrect Seal Selection 9% Miscellaneous 8%
Performance Analysis
Diagnostic Path
Failure Mode: Criteria, volume, when System Status: Changes, modifications, damage History: Run length, symptoms, trends, system
influences
Comprehensive Examination
Performance Analysis
Notable Indicators on Site Noise: Continuous or periodic Visual: Carbon dust, leak volume Temperature changes: Process, support,
environment
Stylus
Surfanalyzer
Part is High
Part is Low
Primary Ring
Light Contact
Possible Chipping
Light Contact
The mating ring is being distorted mechanically. Pump casing split line misalignment is often the cause.
No Contact
No Unusual Wear
Caused by inadequate fluid film at the seal interface. This usually results from inadequate vapor pressure margin or flush rate.
The sealed liquid, probably a light hydrocarbon, is vaporizing at the seal interface.
Abrasive Wear
High wear of seal face through 360 showing a phonograph pattern appearance.
Caused by abrasive particles in the process fluid or from seal face breakdown resulting from inadequate flush conditions.
200 X
100 X
Blistering
A seal face has one or more (several) uplifts or Blisters. Some may have been pulled out leaving a shallow crater. Normally associated with carbon materials. Caused by high stresses in the interface which exceed the rupture strength of the face material. Viscous fluids, including lube oils, are most often the cause.
Blistering
Coated parts should be used with caution. Chemical activity and mechanical action can easily disturb the coating.
Often caused by mishandling or improper assembly. Can be caused by excessive torque, thermal shock, mechanical (contact) loading, or uneven loading of brittle face materials.
Leaching
Material exhibits a rough matted appearance on surface areas that are exposed to the process fluid.
Chemical Attack
Chemical Attack
Hydrocarbon Coking
A formation of hard, brittle material between seal and shaft sleeve that may impede free movement of the seal.
Caused by oxidation or stripping of hot hydrocarbon fluids in the presence of seal face generated heat. Application of a steam quench often cures this problem.
Hydrocarbon Coking
Hydrocarbon Coking
Caustic Deposits
Deposits
Always inspect parts for visible defects and inclusions before installation. Mounting surfaces should not have sharp edges or burrs that could cause damage.
O-Ring Extrusion
A thin lip has formed on the entire ID or OD of the O-ring. Some materials may exhibit a shredded appearance. Normally caused by application of pressure beyond the limits of the design. Elastomer swell or expansion in a confined space will often result in the same damage.
Normal Ring
Lip Shredding
O-Ring Extrusion
Extrusion of Perfluoroelastomer
Extrusion of Perfluoroelastomer
Normal Ring
Flat
Normal Ring
Flat Surfaces
When in doubt, elastomers should be compared to an experience database or subjected to an immersion test.
Original Size
Blister
Rupture
Fretting
Metal surface which has been in contact with the secondary seal has a rough and worn appearance.
Fretting occurs when continuous small movements inherent to a dynamic secondary seal occur while in contact with a metal shaft sleeve or shaft.
Torsional fatigue; usually at 1st or 2nd ID weld from either end. Normally caused by inadequate face film (stick-slip)
Normal
From OD
From ID