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OVERHEAD DESIGN
MANUAL

Approved by: K.Nuttall

© ENERGEX 2007 BMS 01613 VERSION: 2.0 LAST UPDATE: 15/01/2007

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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CHARTS

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 . A.A.C.
CKD REC’D M Irvine
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CHARTS

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 . A.A.C.
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CHARTS

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 . A.A.C.
CKD REC’D M Irvine
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CHARTS

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 . A.A.C.
CKD REC’D M Irvine
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CHARTS

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 . A.A.C.
CKD REC’D M Irvine
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd TENSION CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 A.A.C.
CKD REC’D M Irvine 500 Pa WIND 15º C. CONDITION
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd TENSION CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 A.A.C.
CKD REC’D M Irvine 500 Pa WIND 15º C. CONDITION
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APP’D DATE 28/05/02 A.C.S.R.
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 A.C.S.R.
CKD REC’D M Irvine
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 A.C.S.R.
CKD REC’D M Irvine
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd TENSION CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 A.C.S.R.
CKD REC’D M Irvine 500 Pa WIND 15º C. CONDITION
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APP’D DATE 28/05/02 35mm2 H.V.ABC.
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 35mm2 H.V.ABC.
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 35mm2 H.V.ABC.
CKD REC’D M Irvine
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 35mm2 H.V.ABC.
CKD REC’D M Irvine
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd TENSION CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 35mm2 H.V.ABC
CKD REC’D M irvine 500 Pa WIND 15º C.
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APP’D DATE 28/05/02 70mm2 H.V.ABC.
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 70mm2 H.V.ABC.
CKD REC’D M irvine
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 70mm2 H.V.ABC.
CKD REC’D M irvine
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 70mm2 H.V.ABC.
CKD REC’D M irvine
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd TENSION CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 70mm2 H.V.ABC.
CKD REC’D M Irvine 500 Pa WIND 15º C.
ATHR © COPYRIGHT 2002 ENERGEX CKD G Dowling
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 95mm2 L.V.ABC.
CKD REC’D M Irvine
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 95mm2 L.V.ABC.
CKD REC’D M Irvine
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 95mm2 L.V.ABC.
CKD REC’D M Irvine
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 95mm2 L.V.ABC.
CKD REC’D M Irvine
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd TENSION CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 95mm2 L.V.ABC.
CKD REC’D M Irvine 500 Pa WIND 15º C.
ATHR © COPYRIGHT 2002 ENERGEX CKD G Dowling
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Table 220 Sag/Tension - 2 x 95mm ABC Conductor

6.90
6.70
6.50 0°C
6.30 0.25 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.25
6.10 1.5
5.90
5.70
5.50 5°C 2.0
5.30
5.10
4.90 2.5
4.70
10°C
4.50 3.0
TENSION (kN)

4.30
4.10
3.90
15°C
3.70
3.50
3.30
3.10 25°C
2.90 35°C
2.70 50°C
2.50 3.5
4.0 4.5
5.0 5.5
2.30
2.10 75°C
6.0 6.5
1.90 7.5
1.70 7.0
1.50 8.0 9.0
1.30 10.0
11.0
1.10
0.90
0.70
0.50
25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130
SPAN (m)

A DATE 30/06/03 APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

2
APP’D D.Lloyd DATE 26/06/03 95mm 2-CORE L.V.ABC.
CKD G.Bartlett REC’D M Irvine
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Table 440 Sag/Tension - 2 x 95mm ABC Conductor

3.50
3.40 0.25
3.30 0.4 0.6 1.0 1.5 2.5 3.5
3.20 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.25 2.0 3.0
4.0
3.10
3.00
2.90 4.5
2.80
2.70 0°C
2.60 5.0
2.50
5°C
2.40
2.30 5.5
TENSION (kN)

2.20 10°C
6.0
2.10 6.5
2.00
15°C
1.90
1.80 25°C
1.70
1.60 7.5
35°C 7.0
1.50 75°C
1.40 8.0 9.0
1.30 50°C
1.20
10.0 11.0
1.10
1.00
0.90
0.80
0.70
0.60
0.50
25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130
SPAN (m)

A DATE 30/06/03 APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

2
APP’D D.Lloyd DATE 26/06/03 95mm 2-CORE L.V.ABC.
CKD G.Bartlett REC’D M Irvine
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Table 660 Sag/Tension - 2 x 95mm ABC Conductor

1.80
0.3

0.4
1.70 0.6 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0
0.8 1.0 1.25 1.5
0.5 6.5
1.60 7.0

7.5
1.50
0°C 8.0
1.40 5°C

10°C
TENSION (kN)

1.30
15°C
25°C
1.20
35°C

50°C
1.10

75°C 9.0
1.00

10.0
0.90 11.0

0.80

0.70

0.60
25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130
SPAN (m)

A DATE 30/06/03 APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

2
APP’D D.Lloyd DATE 26/06/03 95mm 2-CORE L.V.ABC.
CKD G.Bartlett REC’D M Irvine
ATHR M.Irvine © COPYRIGHT 2003 ENERGEX CKD D Peach
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Table 880 Sag/Tension - 2 x 95mm ABC Conductor

1.20
0.5

1.15 0.6 1.0

0.8 1.5
1.25 2.0 2.5 3.0 4.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0
5.0 10.0 11.0
1.10 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5 7.5
0°C
1.05
5°C

1.00 10°C

15°C
TENSION (kN)

0.95
25°C

0.90 35°C

50°C
0.85
75°C
0.80

0.75

0.70

0.65

0.60
25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130
SPAN (m)

A DATE 30/06/03 APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

2
APP’D D.Lloyd DATE 26/06/03 95mm 2-CORE L.V.ABC.
CKD G.Bartlett REC’D M Irvine
ATHR M.Irvine © COPYRIGHT 2003 ENERGEX CKD D Peach
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 PILOT
CKD REC’D M Irvine
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 PILOT
CKD REC’D M Irvine
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 UNCONTROLLED COPY

A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 PILOT
CKD REC’D M Irvine
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 PILOT
CKD REC’D M Irvine
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 PILOT
CKD REC’D M Irvine
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A DATE APP’D D Lloyd TENSION CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 PILOT
CKD REC’D M Irvine 500 Pa WIND 15º C.
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Conductor 120mm² CCT

Stranding 7/7.45 AAAC 1120
Min. Breal load 27.1
Weight (N/m) 6.3
Area 124
EDT Kn 3.6 (13.28%)
(% min. BL)
Coeff. of linear
23X10-6
Expansion
Final Modulus of
65
Elasticity

A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 TABLE 220 - CCT
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 UNCONTROLLED COPY

Conductor 120mm² CCT

7/7.45 AAAC
Stranding
1120
Min. Breal load 27.1
Weight (N/m) 6.3
Area 124
EDT kN
1.8 (6.64%)
(% min. BL)
Coeff. of linear
23X10-6
Expansion
Final Modulus
65
of Elasticity

A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 TABLE 440 - CCT
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Conductor 120mm² CCT

7/7.45 AAAC
Stranding
1120
Min. Breal load 27.1
Weight (N/m) 6.3
Area 124
EDT kN
1.2 (4.43%)
(% min. BL)
Coeff. of linear
23X10-6
Expansion
Final Modulus
65
of Elasticity

A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 TABLE 660 - CCT
CKD REC’D M Irvine
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Conductor 120mm² CCT

7/7.45 AAAC
Stranding
1120
Min. Breal load 27.1
Weight (N/m) 6.3
Area 124
EDT kN
0.9 (3.32%)
(% min. BL)
Coeff. of linear
23x10-6
Expansion
Final Modulus of
65
Elasticity

A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CURVES

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 TABLE 880 - CCT
CKD REC’D M Irvine
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READING A SAG TENSION TEMPERATURE CHART

Example
Conductor MOON (7/4.75 AAC)
Stringing Tension: Table 220
Span Length: 74m
MES of Strain Section: 108m
Temperature: 50°C

(a) Determine the sag and the tension in the conductor Solution
under the above (no wind) condiitions.
(b) Determine the conductor tension at 15°C under wind 1. Select the Sag-Tension-Temperature chart for AAC conductor
c at stringing table T220, as shown below.
o
n 2. Plot the MES length of 108m on the horizontal axis – Point A.
d Always ‘enter’ the chart from the MES.
i
t 3. Trace upwards vertically to the 50°C curve – Point B.
i
o 4. Now we have established the tension in the line, which we can
n read by tracing a horizontal line across to the tension scale for
s MOON at the left – Point C. Reading from the chart, the
. tension in the conductor is 1.53kN.
A E
C
n 5. To determine the sag, we now plot the actual span length of
s B 74m on the horizontal axis – Point D.
w
e 6. Trace upward to the horizontal line showing tension, at Point
r E. Looking at the sag contours on the chart, we note that the
sag is slightly less than 1.5m – 1.49m say.

D A

A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CHARTS

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 EXPANATORY NOTES
CKD REC’D M Irvine
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 Solution (Continued)
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7. For wind conditions, consult the Sag-Tension Chart for AAC
T440 – T110 under wind conditions, as shown below. This is a
simpler type of graph to read.

8. Plot the actual span length of 74m on the horizontal axis.

9. Trace upward to the curve for MOON at T220.

10. Trace across to the y-axis, and read the tension from the
scale, viz. 3.8kN.

A DATE APP’D D Lloyd SAG TENSION TEMP. CHARTS

APP’D DATE 28/05/02 EXPANATORY NOTES
CKD REC’D M Irvine
ATHR © COPYRIGHT 2002 ENERGEX CKD G Dowling
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GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS
AAAC All Aluminium Alloy Conductor ESAA Electricity Supply Association of NS Neutral Screened
Australia
AAC All Aluminium Conductor Ex Existing NTS Not To Scale
ABC Aerial Bundled Cable Exc Excavate, also Excavation Notice
ABS Air Break Switch Fdr Feeder OH Overhead
ACSR Aluminium Conductor Steel OPGW Optical Ground Wire
Reinforced
ADSS All Dielectric Self-Supporting GI Galvanised Iron
AHD Australian Height Datum GT Ground Transformer P/BRANCH Parallel Branch
AMG Australian Map Grid GZ Galvanised Steel PCPF Precast Concrete Pad Foundation
Al Aluminium PE Photoelectric
AS Australian Standard HAT Highest Astronomical Tide Ph Phase
HDPE High Density Polyethylene PLA Paper Lead Alloy
BIG Buried In Ground HV High Voltage (11 kV/22 kV/33 kV/66 PMR Pole Mounted Recloser
kV)
BPM Base Plate Mounted HVABC High Voltage Aerial Bundled Cable PMT, PM Padmounted Transformer
CAA Civil Aviation Authority Prop Proposed (also Property Pole)
CAD Computer Aided Drafting KBS King Bolt Spacing PSM Permanent Survey Mark
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
CB Circuit Breaker LTS Load Transfer Switch PT Pole-mounted Transformer
CBD Central Business District LV Low Voltage (240 V/415 V) PTS Pole Top Switch
CBL Calculated Breaking Load LVABC Low Voltage Aerial Bundled Cable PVC Polyvinyl Chloride
CCT Circuit LVM Low Voltage Main PW Parallel Webbed
Chng Chainage
C/I, C&I Commercial and/or Industrial MDCF Maximum Depth Concrete Foundation QESI Queensland Electricity Supply
Industry
CMEN Common Multiple Earth Neutral MEN Multiple Earthed Neutral
Conc Concrete MES Mean Equivalent Span (ruling span) RBGF Road Base Gravel Foundation
CT Current Transformer MWT Maximum Working Tension RC Reinforced Concrete
Cu Copper RL Reduced Level
NAEF Natural Earth Foundation RMU Ring Main Unit
ECM Electronic Cable Marker NB Nominal Bore RP Registered Plan
EDT Every Day Tension
NMSHVABC Non Metallic Screened HV Aerial XLPE Cross Linked Polyethylene
Bundled cable

DATE 30/6/03 APP’D D Lloyd

B
APP’D D LLOYD DATE 28/05/02 GLOSSARY OF TERMS
CKD G BARTLETT REC’D M Irvine
ATHR M IRVINE © COPYRIGHT 2003 ENERGEX CKD G Dowling
This drawing must not be reproduced
ADSS AND OPGW AUTHR S Hennessy SHEET 1 OF 6
in part or whole without written
ADDED
permission from ENERGEX WORD FILE ODM\6935\7054 7054-A4 B
 UNCONTROLLED COPY
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
AERIAL BUNDLED A type of overhead cable available in both LV and HV CADASTRAL MAP A map or plan showing details of land tenure (e.g., property
CABLE comprising XLPE insulated compacted aluminium phase (Parish Map) boundaries or natural features).
conductors laid together to form a ‘bundle’. HVABC CADASTRAL SURVEY A map or plan showing details of land tenure use for
incorporates a catenary wire for extra support and earthing PLAN lodgement to the titles office.
and either a metallic or nonmetallic screen. LVABC is self
supporting. CALCULATED The minimum load (in kN) at which a conductor fails,
In some cases, a HDPE oversheath is incorporated for BREAKING LOAD >breaks= or exceeds its maximum tensile strength.
improved abrasion resistance. CANTILEVER STAY See “Sidewalk Stay”.
AERIAL STAY A staywire erected between two poles or between a pole CAPITAL A payment which an electricity authority requires a
and a bollard. CONTRIBUTION customer to make before starting work on a capital (new, or
AUSTRALIAN HEIGHT A level surface based on the mean sea level at thirty tide adding to the value of the authority’s assets) project on
DATUM gauges around Australia’s mainland coast. behalf of the customer. The payment may fully or partly
cover the cost of the works.
AUSTRALIAN MAP A means of identifying a site within Australia by coordinate
GRID (Northing and Easting). CLINOMETER An instrument for measuring slope.

AIR BREAK SWITCH
3∅, ganged, pole mounted switching device utilising air as
an insulation medium. Capable of making, carrying and
breaking currents to specified levels under normal
conditions. Capabilities are extended through use of arcing
horns or “Arcmasters” which respectively provide limited to
full load break ability. Air breaks cannot interrupt fault
currents. Refer Isolator Switch.
AutoCAD A popular proprietary software Computer-Aided Drafting
package suitable for use with Personal Computers.
Registered Trademark of AutoDesk, Inc.
AUXILIARY BOARD Addition to a LV switchboard. In general it:
• includes a GPO with fuse and link
• may have additional fused supplies
• is connected between the LV switch (ie. isolator or
switch fuse), and the most convenient LV fuse or
switch fuse.
BAY See “Span”.
BLOWOUT The horizontal deviation from centre of powerline
conductors subjected to wind forces.
BOLLARD A pole specifically for supporting an aerial staywire.
BRIDGING Short flexible leads providing electrical continuity across
points on the system which are structurally broken.
CHAINAGE The distance from a datum along the centreline of a
roadway. This term and offset are used to make reference
to points on roadworks plans.
CIRCUIT BREAKER Mechanical switching device capable of making, carrying
and breaking currents under normal conditions.
Capable of making, carrying for a specified time and
breaking currents under specified abnormal conditions (eg.
short circuits).
Primary control is via external protection relays and manual
overrides.
Circuit breakers are normally ground mounted.
A circuit breaker (fitted with automatic reclose and external
protection relays) is operationally similar to a recloser.
Circuit breakers may occur in ring main units. Refer
Recloser.
A combination of links that, close the through circuit and
COMBINATION LINKS
then isolate the apparatus in one sequenced action, or vice
versa (eg. Live bypass for single-phase regulators).
COMMON MEN The LV MEN system extended to include the HV system
SYSTEM (CMEN) earthing with voltages up to subtransmission level. See
“Multiple Earth Neutral”.

DATE APP’D D Lloyd

A
APP’D DATE 28/05/02 GLOSSARY OF TERMS
CKD REC’D M Irvine
ATHR © COPYRIGHT 2002 ENERGEX CKD G Dowling
This drawing must not be reproduced
ORIGINAL ISSUE AUTHR S Hennessy SHEET 2 OF 6
in part or whole without written
permission from ENERGEX WORD FILE ODM\6935\7054 7054-A4 A
 COMMON USE POLE
UNCONTROLLEDDUCT
COPY
A pole owned by either the electricity authority or some A pipe or closed passage formed underground or in a
other authority (e.g., Telstra) used by both parties to structure and intended to receive one or more cables which
support their mains. may be drawn through them.
CONDEMNED POLE A pole assessed as unsuitable to remain in service, EARTHING (Earths) The process of connecting components of electricity supply
typically due to diminished strength from white-ant attack, networks to ground to prevent dangerous voltages
below-ground rot or some other cause. occurring on components which may be contacted by
CONDUCTOR A wire or other form of conducting material suitable for persons, or which may be damaged by the voltages.
carrying current. Usually applied to rods, metallic electrodes or a group of
interconnected rods and the wire making connection to the
CONDUIT See “Duct”. distribution system component that is ‘earthed’.
CONSTRUCTION Pole attachments and their configuration, including EASEMENT A strip of land registered on the title deed in the office of
crossarms and insulators. the Registrar of Titles allowing access or other rights to a
CONSTRUCTION See “Works Plan”. public body or party other than the owner of the parcel of
DRAWING land on which the easement exists.
CORFLO A commercial name for a type of ribbed UPVC conduit. EVERY DAY TENSION See “Sustained Load”.
CROSS-ROAD PILLAR A service pillar fed by underground supply from the EXCESS CABLE A charge electricity authorities apply to customers to cover
opposite side of the road. CHARGE the cost of service cable and installation longer than the
CUBICLE See “Padmounted Transformer”. maximum length provided free of charge.
TRANSFORMER EXCAVATION NOTICE A form electricity authorities use to obtain approval to
The depth of excavation needed to reduce the existing excavate a local or public authority footpath to erect poles
CUT
ground levels to proposed ground levels at a particular or install underground cables.
point in a roadworks or other construction project. FEEDER A circuit (normally HV) emanating from a substation for
distributing electric power.
DISCONNECT BOX Junction box (typically set in the ground), which permits
cables to be connected in various configurations, via use of FIELD BOOK A notebook used to record site survey data (e.g.,
links. distances, bearings, angles, slope readings and
1∅, air insulated (normally), switch used to isolate lines topographical features).
DISCONNECT LINK
and apparatus from the network. A disconnect link shall be FILL The depth of earth to be deposited and compacted to raise
easily operable as a switch. It shall not require unbolting existing ground levels to proposed ground levels at a
(or otherwise complex disconnection), of electrical particular point in a roadworks or other construction
connections. Refer Link. project.
DISTRIBUTION That part of the electricity supply network at voltages below FOOTPATH A distance relative to the edge of a footpath (usually the
NETWORK transmission/ subtransmission level (typically 22 kV, 11 kV ALIGNMENT property boundary side) used to describe the position of an
and LV). See also “Distribution Mains” or “Distribution underground service or pole.
System”. FOOTPATH A space in the footpath between two alignments
DISTRIBUTION A substation that transforms or converts electrical energy ALLOCATION designated by the local or public authority in which a pole
SUBSTATION from a higher voltage network to a secondary distribution or underground service may be located.
network (see also “Padmounted Transformer”). GATIC A commercial name for a type of segmented steel and
DROP OUT (DO) or Drop Out fuse (DO) is a fuse where the fuse carrier drops concrete cover used on cast-in-situ pits in roadways and
into an open position, after the fuse has operated. Use of footpaths.
DROP OUT FUSE
the term EDO shall be discontinued. GROUND CLEARANCE The vertical distance between the conductor and ground.

DATE APP’D D Lloyd

A
APP’D DATE 28/05/02 GLOSSARY OF TERMS
CKD REC’D M Irvine
ATHR © COPYRIGHT 2002 ENERGEX CKD G Dowling
This drawing must not be reproduced
ORIGINAL ISSUE AUTHR S Hennessy SHEET 3 OF 6
in part or whole without written
permission from ENERGEX WORD FILE ODM\6935\7054 7054-A4 A
 UNCONTROLLEDLUMINAIRE
COPY A streetlight fitting including lamp, reflector and control
GUARANTEE A contract signed by a prospective customer which
guarantees an electricity authority a set sum of money equipment.
annually for a fixed term to supply electricity, regardless of MAINS Common parts of a network between various sites,
whether energy is used or not. describing particular voltage classes of
HEAD STAY See “Aerial Stay”. overhead/underground feeder network (e.g., 11 kV mains,
LV mains).
HEIGHT STICK An extendable stick used for measuring the heights of
conductors and poles. MASTER DROP OUT Master Drop Out fuse (MDO) is a 3∅, ganged, protective
FUSE device comprised of drop out fuses.
HIGH VOLTAGE (HV) Electrical potential in the range of 1000V to 33kV.
MDO provides discrimination between upstream and
ISOLATOR SWITCH 1∅ or 3∅, enclosed switching device utilising air, oil, SF6, downstream protection elements. It is typically located
or vacuum Insulation mediums. Capable of making, where a spur or tee-off branches form the feeder
carrying and breaking currents to specified levels under backbone. It is mechanically configured to open all phases
normal conditions. Isolators cannot interrupt fault currents. irrespective of fault type. Refer Drop Out Fuse.
In substations such an enclosed switch shall be called an MAXIMUM DEMAND Maximum Demand Indicator (MDI) is a resettable, peak
isolator and a similar non-enclosed switch shall be called INDICATOR demand, current measuring device.
an air break. Isolators may exist in ring main units.
A location in an electricity supply network where two or MAXIMUM WORKING See “Short Duration Load”.
JOINT
more cables join or terminate. TENSION
JOINT USE See “Common Use Pole”. MEAN EQUIVALENT A theoretical span length used to represent the behaviour
POLE/COLUMN SPAN (Ruling Span) of a number of spans of varying lengths in a strain section
of an overhead powerline.
KING BOLT The main bolt attaching a crossarm or other fixture to a
pole. MODULE A specific learning segment, complete in itself, dealing with
one or more competency units, capable of being separately
KING BOLT SPACING The vertical distance between king bolt attachment points. assessed and standing on its own.
In a top construction, it may be the distance from below the
top of the pole to the attachment point. MOUNTING HEIGHT The vertical distance between the centre of a luminaire and
the surface of the carriageway immediately beneath.
KIOSK TRANSFORMER See “Padmounted Transformer”.
MULTIPLE EARTH An earthing system connecting the neutral conductor to an
LINK 1∅, air insulated (normally), isolation point used to isolate NEUTRAL (MEN) earth electrode in a customer’s electrical installation, at
lines and apparatus from the network. A link shall require electricity authority transformers and at multiple locations
unbolting (or otherwise complex disconnection), of on the electricity distribution network.
electrical connections. Refer Disconnect Link.
NOTICE OF See “Excavation Notice”.
LINK PILLAR A pillar containing isolating links or switch fuses allowing EXCAVATION
the joining together or disconnection of two or more LV
distribution circuits. Commonly found in URD estates. OPISOMETER A small hand instrument like a miniature trundle wheel with
graduated dial carrying an engraved scale. Used in
mapping , it is ‘wheeled’ along a line on a map and the
scale distance read from the dial.
LOAD TRANSFER An enclosed, non-air insulated, pole mounted switch with
SWITCH full load break capability but no inbuilt protection functions. OPTICAL RANGE See “Telemeter”.
FINDER
LONG SECTION See “Profile”.
OUTRIGGER STAY See “Sidewalk Stay”.
LOW VOLTAGE (LV) Electrical potential in the range of 32V to 1000V.
OVERHEAD A map or plan detailing the overhead distribution system

DATE APP’D D Lloyd

A
APP’D DATE 28/05/02 GLOSSARY OF TERMS
CKD REC’D M Irvine
ATHR © COPYRIGHT 2002 ENERGEX CKD G Dowling
This drawing must not be reproduced
ORIGINAL ISSUE AUTHR S Hennessy SHEET 4 OF 6
in part or whole without written
permission from ENERGEX WORD FILE ODM\6935\7054 7054-A4 A
 DISTRIBUTION MAP
UNCONTROLLEDREDUCED
COPY
(e.g., pole positions/numbers, overhead conductor LEVEL The elevation of a point above an adopted datum relative
types/sizes, span lengths, pole substations positions/sizes, to mean sea level.
air break switch positions/sizes and earth sizes). REGULATOR A regulating transformer in which one winding is intended
OVERHEAD MAINS Overhead powerlines constructed of suitable conductors to be connected in series with a circuit in order to alter its
and other components in accordance with the voltage and the other winding is an energising winding.
requirements of the Electricity Regulation. RESOURCE ESTIMATE A list of materials, labour and other requirements for a
PADMOUNTED Transformer mounted on a pad (typically concrete). construction project.
TRANSFORMER Typically considered as a distribution transformer, mounted RING MAIN UNIT Switchable device containing a combination of switch
(Cubicle, Kiosk at ground level and the enclosure (eg. the padmount fuses, and/or isolators, and/or circuit breakers. Typically a
Transformer) container) forms an integral part of the transformer. HV device connected to a transformer.
PARISH MAP See “Cadastral Map”. RULING SPAN See “Mean Equivalent Span”.
PHASING The relative positions of the phases in a polyphase power SAG The vertical distance between an overhead conductor’s
system. midspan height and the chord drawn between the
PILLAR See “Service Pillar”. attachment points of the conductor.
PIT An excavation giving access to underground cables for SAG TEMPLATE A transparent template shaped like a boomerang used to
installation, maintenance or repairs. draw profiles of overhead mains conductor spans.
PLANTING DEPTH See “Sinking Depth”. SAG TENSION A graph of sags and tensions applying to similar conductor
TEMPERATURE CURVE types over a range of span lengths and temperatures.
POINT OF ENTRY The position on a customer’s premises where the electricity
authority’s overhead service is attached. SECTIONALISER Switching device that automatically isolates faulted
sections of line from the distribution system. Normally
POLE A structure (wood, concrete, steel poles and columns)
applied in conjunction with a recloser or circuit breaker.
supporting conductors and other equipment forming part of
Sectionalizer has no fault interrupting capability. It counts
the overhead mains.
operations of recloser/circuit breaker during fault
POLE STAY See “Aerial Stay”. conditions. After a fixed number of counts the sectionalizer
POLETOP SWITCH See “Air Break Switch”. opens while the reloser/circuit breaker is open.
A longitudinal cross-section of ground or a powerline used Sectionalizer is available in 1∅ & 3∅ versions with
PROFILE
to check clearances and select optimum pole positions. hydraulic or electronic counting mechanisms.
SERVICE The electricity authority’s wires (running overhead or
RANGE ROD A painted staff or rod surveyors use to maintain a straight underground) connecting its mains to the customer’s
line or mark point. premises.
RATE See “Tariff”. An enclosure where underground supply to a customer’s
SERVICE PILLAR/PIT
RECLOSER 1∅, or 3∅ protective device able to sense over currents, to premises is connected to the secondary distribution
time and interrupt overcurrents, and to reclose network through a primary fuse.
automatically to re-energise line sections. Line sections SHORT DURATION The force applied by the conductors to support structures
with “permanent faults” may be isolated after a set number LOAD in an intense wind.
of operations. Reclosers have hydraulic or electronic
controls and use oil, SF6 or vacuum interrupting mediums. SIDEWALK STAY A type of ground stay where the staywire is installed
Primary control is internal or via manual overrides. vertically; used where footpath space is limited.
Reclosers are normally pole mounted. Refer Circuit SINKING DEPTH The depth of a pole below ground level.
Breaker.

DATE APP’D D Lloyd

A
APP’D DATE 28/05/02 GLOSSARY OF TERMS
CKD REC’D M Irvine
ATHR © COPYRIGHT 2002 ENERGEX CKD G Dowling
This drawing must not be reproduced
ORIGINAL ISSUE AUTHR S Hennessy SHEET 5 OF 6
in part or whole without written
permission from ENERGEX WORD FILE ODM\6935\7054 7054-A4 A
 SPAN (Bay)
UNCONTROLLEDTIPCOPY
The horizontal distance between the pole attachment
LOAD Equivalent mechanical load applied to a pole tip by
points of an overhead conductor. attached conductors or stays.
SPANNING LIMITATION The maximum span distance and deviation angle that may TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP A map or plan showing details of the natural and manmade
be used for a given conductor and construction in an features of the country (e.g., hills, rivers, forests, swamps,
overhead powerline. roads and railway bridges etc.).
SPUR LINE A short radial electricity line. TRANSFORMER A device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to
STATION A site at which a survey measurement is taken. another, via a magnetic field that links the circuits.
TRENCHING Trenches excavated by an electricity authority or developer
STRENGTH RATING The maximum allowable pole tip load that may be applied
to install underground cables.
to a pole by both conductors and wind forces on the pole
itself. TRUNDLE WHEEL A device used to measure linear distances.
STRAIN SECTION A section of overhead powerline between fixed strain UNDERGROUND A map or plan detailing the underground distribution
points (shackle or termination constructions). DISTRIBUTION MAP system service (e.g., pillar and pit positions, cable pit
positions, duct sizes and configurations and cable sizes).
STRINGING TABLE A table providing stringing tensions and/or sags for a
nominated conductor over a range of span lengths and VERTICAL STAY See “Sidewalk Stay”.
conductor temperatures. WAVE SAGGING A way of determining conductor sag by timing the return of
STRINGING TENSION The tension to which a conductor is installed in an a wave generated at one end.
overhead powerline. WAYLEAVE A written authority which the owner/occupier of a property
SUSTAINED LOAD The continuous force exerted by conductors under no wind uses to authorise an electricity authority to construct,
conditions at 15°C. maintain and clear vegetation for electrical line
installations.
SUBDIVIDER’S SUPPLY An agreement between a supply authority and a developer
AGREEMENT (subdivider) covering conditions of supply to a subdivision. WORKS A document providing authorisation of works and
AUTHORISATION expenditure associated with provision of electricity supply.
SWITCH FUSE Combination switch and fuse providing a switchable
isolation point and protective fusing. Use of the term fuse WORKS PLAN An instruction in the form of a drawing or plan detailing the
switch shall be discontinued. (Construction Drawing) construction requirements to carry out nominated capital or
SWITCH GEAR Switching devices and their combination with associated maintenance works on the electricity distribution system.
control, measuring, protective and regulating equipment.
This may include assemblies, interconnections,
accessories, enclosures and supporting structures
associated with such equipment.
TARIFF A scale of charges and set of conditions electricity
authorities apply to customers to cover the capital cost of
installation, maintenance and electricity consumed.
TELEMETER (Optical A handheld optical instrument which measures the height
Range Finder) of objects (conductors etc.) by focusing two images of the
object in the field of view until they are aligned. The
distance between the instrument and object is read from a
scale on the instrument. The height of the instrument
above ground is added to the reading to determine the
object’s height.

DATE APP’D D Lloyd

A
APP’D DATE 28/05/02 GLOSSARY OF TERMS
CKD REC’D M Irvine
ATHR © COPYRIGHT 2002 ENERGEX CKD G Dowling
This drawing must not be reproduced
ORIGINAL ISSUE AUTHR S Hennessy SHEET 6 OF 6
in part or whole without written
permission from ENERGEX WORD FILE ODM\6935\7054 7054-A4 A