Telemetric System, measuring ambiental variables through Ethernet

Juan Antonio Ar zaga Silva

Ingenier a en Sistemas Automotrices Universidad Polit ecnica de Puebla. IEEE Member Puebla, M exico Email: arizaga@gmail.com

Ismael Sanchez Rincon

Maestr a en Ciencias Departamento de Posgrado Universidad Polit ecnica de Puebla. Puebla, M exico Email: pictrance@outlook.com

Fernando Oswaldo Gonzalez Manzanilla

Ingenier a Electr onica y Telecomunicaciones Universidad Polit ecnica de Puebla. Puebla, M exico Email: f-er-oz@hotmail.com

AbstractOn this paper, an approach to a new telemetric system is presented, based on web server this system its able to sense temperature, Atmospheric Pressure and Relative Humidity. Design, development and Verication are presented. Index Termsnetworks, telemtric, HTML, sensors.

properties on the market, the design is intended to compete on price, portability and adaptability to the existing. II. E MBEDDED MONITORING SYSTEM To implement the proposed system the following objectives were sought Selecting the sensors: In this activity, different ways of collecting information about temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and humidity sensors were adressed. Design Data acquisition system: An optimal system had to be designed in order to use sensors full capabilities, for this C language is used for communication between the microcontroller and the devices connected to it. Selecting the microcontroller: Based on the experience of the working group, the information collected in several sources and given the requirements of the sensors the next step was the selection of the most appropriate 8 bit microcontroller. Programming the microcontroller: Given the components necessary to operate the acquisition of environmental variables to be measured, an embedded program was developed in C Languaje for the microcontroller allowing communication with the sensors via I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) and communicate with the ENC28J60 Ethernet controller via SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface). User Interface Programming: The Communication with the computer is essential for the project therefore HTML was selected to display the values in a web browser, and, at this stage a web page was designed and hosted on the PIC18F4620 microcontrollers memory capable of receiving data sent by the Ethernet controller ENC28J60.

I. I NTRODUCTI ON It is well known that, based on data from the U.S. Census, in 2050 about 80 % of the world population will live in urban centers [1] which means an expansion of large cities; on the other hand , the human population of the FAO estimated to increase by about 3 billion people in that time. [1], [2] Its estimated, if traditional farming practices continue as they are today, that millions of hectares of new lands will be needed to produce enough food to feed them. Today, worldwide, more than 80 % of the land suitable for crops is in use. Historically, about 15 % of which have been consumed by poor management practices. [1] Given this information and the wide diversity of climates present in a region [3], development and improvement of agronomic industry is a very important issue in a world where overpopulation is a fact. Improving farming systems could, in some way, to ensure that food supplies are always sufcient for human populations [1]. This requires performing new technologies that allow cultivation and harvesting processes potentializing for its qualities in order to be reected in increased production of food goods, reduced production costs and increased prots for the industry [3], [4]. Crop production in greenhouses is one of the modern techniques that are currently used in agricultural production, so it has been around for some years the need to automate several elements within greenhouses such as amount of water and irrigation periods, monitoring of the variables as temperature, humidity, amount of light etc. which carries the necesity of creating a system capable of measuring different variables inside the greenhouse and also do so at a low cost compared to the costs of existing system. This research was developed to design a monitoring system environmental variables (for use in greenhouses or for use in remote weather station). There are equipments with similar

Fig. 1.

System Block Diagram

III. D ESIGN AND I MPLEMENTATION Taking the Diagram shown in Figure 1 as a starting point, each one of the blocks that conform the system shall be explain next. A. Sensors Two sensors were used in the development of this system: Figure 2 shows the temperature and humidity sensor SHT21 from Sensirion.

IV. H ARDWARE Having described the building blocks of the system, we are able to check in detail the hardware that composes it.

Fig. 4. Fig. 2. Temperature and Humidity Sensor

Embedded System Simulation

The sensor for measuring atmospheric pressure, seen in Figure 3 is the model MPL115A2 from Freescale.
Fig. 3. Atmospheric pressure sensor

B. Transmiter At this stage the system has a Microchip 8 bit Mid-range microcontroller, which controls an integrated circuit also from microchip the ENC28J60 which is an Ethernet controller whose task is sent, via TCP / IP, temperature and humidity pressure information to the Receptor. The controller is added to a prototype card (Daugther Card), the information of this is on the manufacturers website [15]. C. Receptor In this part of the system, data will receive through any computer or embedded system that is connected to the same Ethernet network, the equipment must have a browser (Web Browser) with Java. D. User Interfase Almost any embedded system presents the need for a user interface, this must be programmed in a high level language, which supports, if possible, the event oriented programming, to make the program as compatible as possible with existing applications that use the Windows operating system as its platform and possibly the operating system Linux and Mac OS. The application to be developed in a high level language, establish communication with the system, which from this application any user can see the information of the variables

As shown in Figure 4, the heart of the system is a microcontroller, after reviewing the characteristics of different devices, it was decided to use an 8-bit microcontroller, the options in this niche market Microchip has a wide range to choose from the microcontroller provides several benets PIC18F4620 allowed to work so that simplied system design. Some of the features are: RISC architecture with only 75 instructions architecture optimized for high level language (specically for C language) FLASH program memory of 64 Kb SRAM data memory of 3968 bytes. EEPROM data memory 1024 bytes. 36 input and output ports. modules I2C and SPI serial connection The characteristics of the microcontroller program will be reviewed in the next section. ENC28J60 controller is integrated into a development board for ethernet networking systems, has an RJ45 connector, integrated with their own transformers, also features an EEPROM, which for this project is not used, all variables and elements programming are integrated into the RAM and ROM of the microcontroller, this feature is one that was taken into account in the selection of the microcontroller. The IC MPL115A2 is an absolute pressure sensor with I2C output and specially designed for portable applications. It has low power consumption in active mode 5uA, in sleep mode about 1uA. Its measuring range extends from 50kPa to 115KPa (Kilo Pascals). This IC is not restricted to measure barometric pressure but also is capable of measuring temperature with a range of -40 to 150 Celsius. An integrated ADC module having this sensor enables it to deliver information on pressure and temperature measurements through a I2C interface. The IC of the company Sensirion SHT21 model is used as the other sensor device.

This device has as main features:

Accuracy 3 % for relative humidity. Accuracy of 0.4 % for temperature. spanning temperature range of - 40 degree C to +125 degree C. humidity range: from 0 % to 100 %. Low power consumption of 3.2 (micro) Watt Operating voltage to 3.3V. Communication with the microcontroller via I2C (interintegrated circuit) V. E MBEDDED S YSTEM

embedded system, refreshing the information on the website without the remote user intervention. The embedded system also allows the user to make in situ measurements of the measured variables via an LCD parantalla as shown in Figure 6 The programming language used is C, which is the most used programming language for embedded systems [5]. Which allowed the development of the system will be made relatively fast.

After selecting the sensors to use, is sought to design a circuit that optimizes the capabilities of the sensors for better functioning. These were complemented by a C program for communication between the microcontroller and the devices connected to it, and the use of the TCP / IP stack from CCS company for communication between the MCU and ENC28J60 Ethernet controller. From the viewpoint of the TCP / IP stack is a series of superposed layers which are a generalization of the OSI seven layer model, as shown in Figure 5, starting from the third layer, network layer.

Fig. 6.

Embedded system LCD screen

VI. R ESULTS Extensive tests were conducted during the development process of the system, the connection with the sensors was carried rst displaying the information locally on the LCD screen of the system, as seen in Figure 8.

Fig. 7.

Probing sensors

Fig. 5.

OSI Reference Model

The next stage of testing was performed using the ethernet connection, using the TCP/IP stack, one of the main tasks to be looked at rst was making the connection with a DHCP server [6] so that after negotiation, DHCP server grants an IP address to the system. Tests resulted in the picture shown in gure 9.

The stack, from the point of view of system programming, is a software tool that some companies make available free or licensed it to microcontroller device users can generate code for their applications more agile and have a lower development time, using software tools or hardware specic to these companies. For TCP / IP this stack is responsible for obtaining the data stored in the controllers memory and sent to the microcontroller via I2C where a series of lters, belonging to the same stack discarded packets or datagrams that have come in response to the controller those in the datagram header are indicated that a valid request with the IP address assigned to the system. If a request is received by the system where display information is requested through port 80, the HTTP port as normal, the system sends back a Web page with information about the variables, this information is updated every 60 seconds for the

Fig. 8.

Probing sensors

Final design step was the conguration and integration of the website into the ROM of the microcontroller to respond to user requests, such as a Web server does. [8] The next step was the integration of the system to an ethernet network for monitoring environmental variables. The information could be observed across devices, computers, laptops, tablets and even smartphones with browsers that work

with java enviroments. Figure 10 shows the page displayed on a mobile phone with Android operating system.

Fig. 9.

Testing system on wi net

VII. R EFERENCES
[1] Despommier D. The Vertical Farm., 1st ed. Harlow, United States of America: St. Martins Press, 2010 [2] Iglesias Mart nez, E.Agricultura y desarrollo sostenible: nuevos retos., Universidad Polit ecnica de Madrid, 2004. [3] Marzoyer, M.Agriculturas campesinas, globalizaci on y desarrollo agr cola sostebible., Paris Francia: AgroParis Tech, 2007. [4] INEGI Clima en M exico, Editado por INEGI //smn.cna.gob.mx/index. php?option=com content&view=article&id=103&Itemid=80 Mexico, INEGI,Consultado 25 de Septiembre de 2012. [5] Adolfo Galeno,GProgramaci on de sistemas embebidos en C, 1st ed. M exico, Alfaomega., 2009. [6] M endez Bautista, D.Sistema de comunicaciones basado en Ethernet para el control de sistemas empotrados, Universidad Tecnol ogica de la Mixteca 2009. Oaxaca, M exico, 2009. [7] CASTILLO, H. CASTANEDA, BSistema de gesti on para redes de peque nas y medianas empresas., Instituto Polit ecnico Nacional. M exico, 2004. LUIS A. Construcci [8] CALIXTO, DARWIN. TOPON, on de un sistema de control remoto mediante la red Ethernet, Escuela Polit ecnica Nacional, Ecuador, 2009 [9] CARRANZA, C. MORALES, S. CARDON, L. DaMA-Web. Un programa para el monitoreo y control local y remoto v a web, de la adquisici on de los datos., 3rd ed. Harlow, England: Addison-Wesley, 1999. [10] CHAVES, Adolfo, ARAYA, R. Freddy.Desarrollo de una red de monitoreo por sensores remotos de la cantidad de agua., Tecnolog a en Marcha. Vol. 18 No. 2. 2002. [11] LLOBET, J. MAT IAS, I. ARREGUI F. Desarrollo de un sistema exible de control local y remoto para una red dom otica en edicios inteligentes., 3rd ed. Universidad P ublica de Navarra: Dpto. Ingenier a El ectrica y Electr onica. 1998. [15] [12] ORDIALES, R. MAGAN, H. VIDAL, S.Vigilando el desierto. Descripci on del Sistema de Telemetr a de la Estaci on Experimental de Zonas Aridas (Almer a)., Ecosistemas, Revista de Ecolog a y Medio Ambiente, Septiembre 2001. [13] RABUNAL, J. OLIVEIRA, S.Desarrollo de un Servidor Web para Adquisici on de Datos en Tiempo Real., Universidad de A Coru na, Departamento de Tecnolog as de la Informaci on y las Comunicaciones. Espa na. 2002. [14] JIMENEZ, L. REINOSO, O. Laboratorios remotos para las pr acticas de ingenier a de sistemas y autom atica en la universidad Miguel Hernandez.,Universidad Miguel Hernandez de Elche, Espa na. 2003. [15] www.microchip.com