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PNTS-RS-A-0100.7
REQUIREMENTS ON 9 x 19 MM AMMUNITION
Including tenderer's reply for ammunition types
Andreas Hahnquist, Swedish National Police Board, Sweden Terje Egge, National Police Computing and Materiel Service, Norway Jimmy Hansen, Danish National Police, Denmark
2013-04-29
A012.737/2013 Appendix A
COMPONENT REQUIREMENTS............................................................................................................. 8 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 Dimensions and outlook ................................................................................................................... 8 Cartridge case ................................................................................................................................ 10 Bullet............................................................................................................................................... 10 Primer ............................................................................................................................................. 12 Waterproofing ................................................................................................................................. 12
INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL BALLISTIC REQUIREMENTS .............................................................. 13 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Chamber pressure.......................................................................................................................... 13 Function and casualty .................................................................................................................... 14 Precision ......................................................................................................................................... 16 Powder residue .............................................................................................................................. 16
PACKING AND LABELLING REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................... 18 8.1 8.2 Packing ........................................................................................................................................... 18 Labelling ......................................................................................................................................... 19
10
QUALITY ASSURANCE REQUIREMENTS .......................................................................................... 21 10.1 10.2 Assurance system .......................................................................................................................... 21 Quality assurance system .............................................................................................................. 21
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1 INTRODUCTION
This document describes the minimum mandatory requirements for 9 x 19 mm calibre ammunition developed for: Rikspolisstyrelsen Swedish National Police Board. It is noted that there are dimensional differences between commercial and military cartridge chambers and ammunition and hence different calibre notations are occasionally used. The intent however is that all ammunition, whether conforming to CIP, SAAMI or NATO specifications, can be safely and reliably used in the service weapons. To simplify and shorten the notation, designation 9mm is used in this document. This document applies to the following ammunition types with requirement deviations described below: Type C - training ammunition with non-toxic primer and total metal jacketed lead core bullet Type D - training ammunition with non-toxic primer and frangible bullet These service ammunition selection criteria are based on recognised Nordic legal principles that define the use of force guidelines. The means used and harm caused shall be in reasonable proportion to the objective and interests being protected. Any police action must be reasonable and shall be performed without causing greater damage or harm than is necessary to accomplish the task. Any actions must be justifiable in relation to the importance of the task and overall assessment of the situation. The taking of a human life cannot be an objective. It must be recognised that any situation justifying the use of lethal force is an extreme one and that law enforcement officials have an obligation to protect first the non-involved bystanders, themselves and lastly the offenders from unnecessary and unjustified danger and harm. It can therefore be said that: - it is unacceptable to cause unnecessary danger to the innocent by using overpenetrating or severely ricocheting bullets; - it is unacceptable to demand a police officer to risk his or her health or life by using inaccurate, unreliable or ineffective bullets; - it is unacceptable to cause the offender more severe injuries than are justifiable and necessary to stop unlawful activities; - a firearm is a lethal weapon. Both using and not using it may lead to loss of life although killing a human being cannot be an objective. The use of a firearm is sometimes necessary and unavoidable in order to avoid more serious consequences; - exceptional circumstances may justify the use of special equipment. All references to NATO MOPI refer to document NATO ARMY ARMAMENTS GROUP (NAAG) LAND CAPABILITY GROUP 1 ON DISMOUNTED SOLDIER SUB GROUP 1 ON SMALL ARMS AMMUNITION INTERCHANGEABILITY MULTI-CALIBRE MOPI FOR 5.56 MM, 7.62 MM, 9 MM AND 12.7 MM AMMUNITION PFP(NAAG-LCG/1-SG/1)WP(2010)0002 working paper 17 December, 2010. 3 / 21
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2.2 Definitions
Mean Standard deviation
x x
n
Kinetic energy
2
Ek 0.5 * m * v 2
SD
(x x)
(n 1)
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3 REFERENCE WEAPONS
Table 3-1: Reference weapons
Before being used for evaluation testing, the weapons are thoroughly cleaned, inspected and test fired to ascertain that they are faultless. The following measurements are taken and compared against manufacturer specifications: headspace with CIP go and no-go gauges barrel land diameter (small caliber) measured from chamber and muzzle end visual inspection of barrel straightness recoil spring force constant (standard recoil spring shall be used) firing pin percussion energy firing pin protrusion and concentricity magazine spring length magazine lip gap Proof barrel specifications are intended for the ammunition manufacturer who must supply the required performance data obtained using those barrels. The proof barrels must be NATO MOPI compliant as specified in section 18.
Table 3-2: Proof barrel dimensions
Barrel 9mm
Headspace (mm)
19.15 to 19.23
* Copper crusher bit inserted in a measurement cartridge The proof barrel used in evaluation tests is 150 mm C.I.P. barrel. For velocity and precision tests the transducer vent is blocked to prevent case puncture and any leakage of chamber pressure.
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4 TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION
4.1 Mandatory documents
The manufacturer must supply the following technical documentation in English for each ammunition type offered in the order specified. In case the information required is confidential, it must be clearly labelled accordingly. All dimensions must be in metric units. 1. DATA SHEET indicating 1.1. 1.2. 1.3. 1.4. 1.5. 1.6. 1.7. 1.8. 1.9. Manufacturer Product name and product code if applicable Calibre Bullet identification, manufacturer, weight. Ballistic coefficient of bullet Case identification, manufacturer. Primer identification, type, manufacturer. Powder identification, type, manufacturer, charge weight. Amount of powder that is left unburned in discharge of a cartridge and ejected from the barrel. If the figure is based on theoretical calculation, it must be mentioned. A description of the test method must be included. Raw materials used for bullet core, jacket and cartridge case. Hardness of bullet materials must be declared.
1.10.
2. OFFICIAL CERTIFICATE OF C.I.P. , SAAMI OR NATO CONFORMANCE. The certificate must refer to the ammunition offered and not be older than two years. 3. MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET of all toxic materials. 4. SCALE DRAWINGS of cartridge, case, case head, bullet and primer 5. DESCRIPTION OF ACCEPTABLE MANUFACTURING TOLERANCES and performance variations. 6. DESCRIPTION OF PACKAGING as defined in requirements. 7. SHELF LIFE and description of recommended storage conditions 8. MEASUREMENT DATA obtained using manufacturers instrumentation and the same ammunition lot which will be delivered for evaluation tests. 8.1. Primer sensitivity run-down test distribution as defined in NATO MOPI section 24 Primer Sensitivity Test Procedure. Only basic 100% fire/no-fire test report is required. 8.2. Bullet seating tightness individual measurements, maximum, minimum, mean value and standard deviation per random sample of 20 using a measurement method as described in NATO MOPI section 25 Bullet Extraction Test Procedure. 8.3. Bullet weight individual measurements, maximum, minimum, mean value and standard deviation per random sample of 20 6 / 21
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8.4. Powder charge weight individual measurements, maximum, minimum, mean value and standard deviation per random sample of 20 8.5. Velocity with manufacturers proof barrel, individual measurements, maximum, minimum, mean value and standard deviation per random sample of 20 in temperatures -20, +20 and +40 C 8.6. Precision test targets shot with manufacturers precision barrel. There shall be four targets with 5 shots each. A printout of an electronic target system showing impacts and impact coordinates is preferred over copies of actual targets. The method and firing distance must be the same used by the manufacturer for normal quality assurance and must be described. 8.7. Chamber pressure measured using NATO EPVAT, C.I.P. or SAAMI pietzo electric method showing individual measurements of peak pressure and time to peak with maximum, minimum, mean values, standard deviations and pressure curves of a sample of 20 in temperatures -20, +20 and +40 C. 8.8. Fragmentation report on behaviour and safety recommendations concerning Type D fragmenting bullet ammunition. 8.9. Waterproofing report on test using NATO desiccator method. 9. Production of 9mm ammunition. If certified by an accredited organisation, the Manufacturer shall submit a copy of the certificate, ISO 9001 or equivalent. The certificate must minimum include production. If not certified, the Manufacturer must describe his quality assurance system, e.g. by submitting a quality manual (index) corresponding to the substantial requirements in ISO 9001, or equivalent. The quality manual (index) must minimum include production routines.
The documentation is to be assessed for completeness and to verify those requirements where manufacturer declaration is considered sufficient. The documentation is also used as a basis for later delivery acceptance inspections and for synchronizing the manufacturer and Principal instrumentation. Measurement data must be delivered later for every lot of contractual delivery.
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5 COMPONENT REQUIREMENTS
5.1 Dimensions and outlook
Requirement No. Dimensions in accordance with CIP or SAAMI. #1 M Chambering into the minimum chamber gauge must not require force exceeding 25 N. All ammunition must, however, be dimensionally compatible with and safe to use in weapons built to CIP, SAAMI, MIL and NATO specifications. Verification: Phase 1 Technical documentation 4.1 items 2 and 5 Phase 2 - Test with CIP minimum chamber gauge. #2 M Defects and classification as below in accordance C with NATO MOPI section 11. Acceptable defects per 5000 cartridges are: Category 1 - none Category 2 - three Category 3 - four Category 4 - six D Total number of defects may not exceed six Verification: Phase 2 - Visual inspection Response Type Yes/No, reference to tender section C
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Dents and scratches on bullet (Minor dents caused by loading tools are accepted) Bullet seated askew Bullet loose or case mouth not crimped to cannelure CASE
X X X
Dents and scratches (Minor dents caused by loading tools are accepted) Plating partially or entirely missing or flaking Case head rounded or bevelling faulty Case mouth deformed or cracked (Normal slight bulging due to bullet seating is accepted.) Case body or head cracked Flash hole missing Flash hole incomplete Headstamp entirely or partially missing or illegible PRIMER
X X X X X X X X
Missing, deformed or seated upside down (Normal toolmarks are accepted) Seated higher than case head Missing sealant Primer sealant stains
X X X X
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#2
The head stamp must be engraved or stamped with manufacturer identification, calibre designation, year of manufacture and ammunition lot identification. The latter two may be in a coded form as long as an unambiguous connection to lot number and year of manufacture exists. Verification: Phase 1 Technical documentation 4.1 item 4 Phase 2 - Visual inspection
5.3 Bullet
Requirement No. The bullet materials must be equal to or softer than #1 M brass (< HRB 100). Response Yes/No, reference to tender section C
D Verification: Phase 1 Technical dockumentation 4.1 item 1.10 #2 M The minimum individual seating tightness (required extraction force) is 200 N. C
Verification: Phase 1 Technical documentation 4.1 item 8.2 Phase 2 - Measurement of seating tightness as per PNTS-MD-A-0100
Not applicable
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#3
D Verification: Phase 1 Technical documentation 4.1 item 1.10 #4 M The bullet must be completely covered by jacket made of tombak or comparable material. C
D Verification: Phase 1 Technical documentation 4.1 items 1.10 and 4 #5 M The fragmenting bullet must neither penetrate a 5 mm steel plate nor cause dangerous fragments when fired from defined service weapons. Verification: Phase 1 Technical documentation 4.1 item 8.9 Phase 2 Fragmentation test as described in Manual of Test Methods PNTS-MD-A-0100. #6 M C
Not applicable
Not applicable
The fragmenting bullet must have a special C designator either painted or embossed, to identify the cartridge as frangible. D Verification: Phase 1 Technical documentation 4.1 item 4
Not applicable
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5.4 Primer
Requirement Response No. Yes/No, reference to tender section A 55 g 0.5 weight dropped on firing pin with a C #1 M hemispherical tip of 1.27 mm radius will cause 100% fire when dropped from a height of 305 mm and 100% misfire when dropped from 75 mm. D Verification: Phase 1 Technical documentation 4.1 item 8.1 Phase 2 - Primer sensitivity test as described in PNTS-MD-A-0100. #2 M The cartridge primer must be of non-toxic type. C
D Verification: Phase 1 Technical documentation 4.1 items 1.7 and 3. Phase 2 Visual inspection
5.5 Waterproofing
Requirement No. #1 Mandatory requirement The type C ammunition is Condition 2 surface diving waterproof as specified in the Manual of test methods. The velocities of the thus conditioned ammunition must meet the requirement on velocity. No cartridge must fail to fire. Verification: Phase 1 Technical documentation 4.1 item 8.9 Phase 2 (key requirement) Waterproofing test as described in Manual of Test Methods PNTS-MD-A-0100. If the test fails the NATO desiccator test will be used with double sample. Response Yes/No, reference to tender section C
Not applicable
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#2
Notwithstanding 6.1.1, chamber pressure must meet the following requirements when measured with Kistler 6215, HPI GP6 or equivalent piezoelectric transducer using non-conformal method. Maximum Mean Pressure for +20 C + 1 C sample: 240,0 MPa. Maximum individual pressure for -20, +20 and +40 C + 1 C samples : 270,3 MPa.
D Maximum mean time from firing pin impact to peak pressure + 2 standard deviations: 1,5 ms at -20, +20 and +40C
Note 1: Sample size is 20 rounds per temperature condition.
#3
The chamber pressure must meet the above defined C requirements after ASTM D4169 Random test option / Truck, Assurance level I test or equivalent.
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Note 1: All rounds fired in evaluation testing are included in assessment of functional reliability. DEFECTS AND INCIDENTS CAUSED BY AMMUNITION
Note 1: For definitions see NATO Multi-Calibre MOPI section 11 Note 3: Bulged case may also be an indication of weapon failure i.e. premature unlocking of breech CODES BB ( ) BC BEC BEO BF BI/S BP BS BY CCR ( ) CO DB ES ET FBR FEJ ( ) FEX FFD FFD ( ) FP FTL GE+ DEFECTS AND INCIDENTS Bullet in Bore (distance from chamber) Bulged Case (max. diameter 10 mm ) Breech Explosion (Closed) Breech Explosion (Open) Breech Flash Bullet Integrity/Stripping Blown Primer Belt Separation Bullet Yaw Complete Circumferential Rupture Cook Off Distorted Base Excessive Smoke Early Trace Failure of Bolt to Remain at the Rear Failure to Eject Failure to Extract Failure to Feed Flattened Primer Failure to Lock. Gas Escape around Primer in excess of 50% of circumference CATEGORIES 1 2 3 X X X X X X X
not applicable
X X X X
Information only
X X
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Gas escape around Primer of less than 50% of circumference Gas Escape Through Primer Hangfire (Audible) In Bore Explosion (Bullet) Light Strike Misfire Muzzle Flash Muzzle Sparks Partial Circumferential Rupture (position to be indicated) Primer Loose Stays in Pocket Piled Up Metal (Flowback of primer cup metal) Primer/Cap Out or Loose Primer/Cap which falls out of pocket Pierced Primer Primer Punch Out Primer Setback (Primer higher than case head) Reformed Neck (shortened neck) Stretched Case (maximum case length mm ) Split case (position to be indicated) Uncontrolled Firing Weapon Stoppage Attributable to Link
X X X
not applicable
X X X X X X X X X X X
not applicable
X X
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6.3 Precision
Requirement No. The average spread of four, five shot consecutive #1 M groups is no greater than 75 mm at minimum 25 m when measured as centre to centre distance, shot at +213 C with manufacturers proof barrel which is no longer than 15 cm and shall be mounted on a machine rest, Response Yes/No, reference to tender section C
#2
The ammunition will be tested for precision with defined short reference weapon and C.I.P proof barrel. The average spread of four, five shot consecutive groups is no greater than 75 mm at minimum 25 m when measured as centre to centre distance, shot at +213 C with defined C.I.P. proof barrel. The average spread of four, five shot consecutive groups is no greater than 90 mm at minimum 25 m when measured as centre to centre distance, shot at +213 C with defined short reference weapon. Verification: Phase 2 - Precision measurement test with short reference weapon and defined C.I.P. proof barrel. See test methods manual PNTS-MD-A-0100.
D Verification: Phase 1 Written confirmation in tender. Phase 2 Verification test according to PNTS-MDA-0100
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Verification: Phase 3 - PNTS-MD-A-0100 Body armour penetration test (NIJ 0101.06 applied)
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D Verification: Phase 1 Written confrimation in tender #2 M The weight of a loaded pallet must not exceed 1000 kg. Verification : Phase 1 - Written confrimation in tender C
#3
The pallet must endure normal truck transportation and storage handling as defined in standard ASTM D4169-08 or equivalent. Verification : Phase 1 - Technical documentation, certificate of testing, , description of packaging
#4
D Verification: Phase 1 Written confrimation in tender #5 M Ammunition is in airtight packaging containing one or more boxes. C
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8.2 Labelling
Requirement No. Inner package: Manufacturer, calibre, quantity, lot #1 M number and customer defined text. Outer package: manufacturer, calibre, quantity, lot number, hazard class, UN number, NEM (net explosive), net weight and gross weight and customer defined text. Customer defined text will be defined after signing of contract. Verification: Phase 1 - Tender documentation, description of packaging #2 M In addition to manufacturers information the ammunition box must have customer defined text and colour Verification: Phase 1 Written confirmation in tender C Response Yes/No, reference to tender section C
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