Administrative Law 1 Term, AY 2012-2013

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Prof. Antonio P. Jamon, Jr.

General Text: E.O. 297 The Administrative Code of 1987 (Please read the entirety of this law. The specific provisions noted in this syllabus are for emphasis.) Read any of the following textbook for relevant discussions: Ruben E. Agpalo, Administrative Law, Law on Public Officers and Election Law (2005) Rufus B. Rodriguez, Administrative Law, 6th ed. (2003) I. General A. Executive power of the President Sec. 1, 17, Art. VII, 1987 Constitution; Title 1, Book II, E.O. 297 a. As chief executive and administrative officer - Cases: Angangco v. Castillo, 9 SCRA 619(1963) Carpio v. Executive Secretary, 206 SCRA 290 (1992) Malayan Integrated Industries Corp. v. CA, 213 SCRA 640 (1992) Lacson Magallanes Co. v. Puno, 21 SCRA 895 (1967) Macailing v. Andrada, 31 SCRA 126 (1970) Taule v. Santos, 200 SCRA 512 (1991) Phil. Gamefowl Commission v. IAC, 46 SCRA 294 (1986) b. Reorganization - Cases: Larin v. Executive Secretary, 280 SCRA 713 (1997) Miller v. Mardo, 2 SCRA 898 (1961) Eugenio v. Civil Service Commission, 243 SCRA 196 (1995) c. Investigation- Cases: Evangelista v. Jarencio, 68 SCRA 99 (1975) Cario v. Commission on Human Rights, 204 SCRA 483 (1991) d. Qualified political agency B. Oversight power of the Congress

- explained in J. Punos opinion in Macalintal v. COMELEC, 405 SCRA 693 (2002) C. D. Definition and classification of terms Sec. 2, E.O. 297; pp. 2-17, Rodriguez, Administrative Law, 6th ed. (2003) Development of Administrative Law and Creation of Administrative Agencies pp. 1-2, 26-27, Rodriguez, Administrative Law, 6th ed. (2003)

II.

Powers of Administrative Agencies A. General Considerations a. Express and implied - Cases: Phil. Association of Service Exporters v. Torres, 212 SCRA 298 (1992) JMM Promotion v. CA, 260 SCRA 319 (1996) GTEB v. CA, 268 SCRA 258 (1997) b. Ministerial and discretionary Mateo v. CA, 196 SCRA 280 (1991) c. Mandatory and permissive Taada v. Cuenco, 103 Phil. 1051 (1957) d. Errors in exercise of power USA v. Reyes, 219 SCRA 192 (1993) B. Quasi-Legislative Powers a. Delegation of legislative powers -Cases: Panama Refining Co. v. Ryan, 293 U.S. 388 (1935) Eastern Shipping Lines v. POEA, 166 SCRA 533 (1988) Ynot v. Intermediate Appellate Court, 148 SCRA 659 (1987) Solicitor General v. MMDA, 204 SCRA 837 (1991) Santiago v. COMELEC, 270 SCRA 106 (1997) Compania General de Tabacco v. Board of Public Utility Commission, 34 Phil. 136 (1916) Calalang v. Williams, 70 Phil. 726 Pelaez v. Auditor General, 15 SCRA 569 (1965) Chiongbian v. Orbos, 245 SCRA 253 (1995) Edu v. Ericta, 35 SCRA 481 (1970) US v. Ang Tang Ho, 43 Phil. 1 (1922) Agustin v. Edu, 88 SCRA 195 (1979) Free Telephone Workers Union v. Minister of Labor and Employment, 108 SCRA 757 (1931)

PHILCOMSAT v. Alcuaz, 190 SCRA 218 (1989) Review Center Association of the Philippines v. Ermita, 583 SCRA 428 (2009) b. Permissible delegation i. Ascertainment of fact Lovina v. Moreno, 9 SCRA 557 (1963) ii. Filing of details Alegre v. Collector of Customs, 53 Phil. 394 (1920) iii. Administrative rulemaking - Secs. 1-9, Book VII, E.O. 297 c. Rule-making power i. Limits -Cases: Olsen & Co. v. Aldanese, 43 Phil. 259 (1922) Syman v. Jacinto, 93 Phil. 1093 (1953) People v. Maceren, 79 SCRA 450 (1977) Toledo v. Civil Service Commission, 202 SCRA 507 (1991) Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. CA, 240 SCRA 368 (1995) Land Bank of the Phils. v. CA, 249 SCRA 149 (1991) GMCR, Inc. v. Bell Telecommunications Phil. Inc., 271 SCRA 790 (1997) Association of Phil. Coconut Dessicators v. PHILCOA, 286 SCRA 109 (1998) Ople v. Torres, 293 SCRA 141 (1998) PBCOM v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 302 SCRA 241 (1999) China Banking Corp. v. Members of the Board of Trustees, HDMF, 307 SCRA 443 (1999) ii. Publication and effectivity - Secs. 3-8, Book VII, E.O. 297 - Cases: People v. Que Po Lay, 94 Phil. 640 Phil. Blooming Mills v. SSS, 17 SCRA 1077 (1966) Taada v. Tuvera, 146 SCRA 446 (1986) Phil. Association of Service Exporters v. Torres, 212 SCRA 298 (1992) De Jesus v. COA, 294 SCRA 152 (1998) NASECORE vs. ERC, G.R. No. 163935, Feb. 2, 2006 Republic v. Pilipinas Shell, 550 SCRA 680 iii. Penal Regulations - Cases:

People v. Que Po Lay, supra People v. Maceren, supra ` d. Fixing of rates, wages and prices - Sec. 9, Book VII, E.O. 297 - Cases: Vigan Electric Light Co. v. PSC, 10 SCRA 46 (1964) PHILCOMSAT v. Alcuaz, supra KMU v. Garcia, 239 SCRA 386 (1994) Panay Autobus Co. v. Phil. Railway Co., 57 Phil. 172 (1933) MIAA v. Airspain Corp., 445 SCRA 471 (2004).

C. Quasi-Judicial Function Secs. 10-15, Book VII, E.O. 297 a. Jurisdiction - Cases: Antipolo Realty Corp. v. NHA, 153 SCRA 399 (1987) Azarcon v. Sandiganbayan, 268 SCRA 747 (1997) Boiser v. CA, 122 SCRA 945 (1983) ERB v. CA, 305 SCRA 327 (1999) b. Due process in proceedings - Cases: Ang Tibay v. CIR, 69 Phil. 635 (1940) Air Manila v. Balatbat, 38 SCRA 489 (1971) Fabella v. CA, 282 SCRA 256 (1997) Mabuhay Textile Mills v. Ongpin, 141 SCRA 437 (1987) Central Bank v. CA, 220 SCRA 536 (1993) c. Power to issue subpoena and declare contempt - Sec. 13, Book VII, E.O. 297 d. Power to issue warrants of arrest; administrative searches - Cases: Qua Chee Gan v. Deportation Board, 9 SCRA 27 (1963) Vivo v. Montesa, 29 SCRA 155 (1968) Santos v. Commissioner of Immigration, 74 SCRA 96 (1976) Harvey v. Defensor-Santiago, 162 SCRA 840 (1988) Salazar v. Achacoso, 183 SCRA 145 (1990) Board of Commissioners (CID) v. De la Rosa, 197 SCRA 853 (1991) [see separate and dissenting opinions] e. Cease and desist orders Pollution Adjudication Board v. CA, 195 SCRA 192 (1991)

f. Right to counsel Lumiqued v. Exevea, 282 SCRA 125 (1997) g. Imposition of fines and penalties - Cases: Civil Aeronautics Board v. PAL, 63 SCRA 524 (1975) Perez v. LPG Refillers Association of the Phils., 492 SCRA 638 (2006) h. Administrative procedure i. In general Secs. 1-26, Book VII, E.O. 297 ii. Rule-making and adjudication distinguished - Cases: Londoner v. City and County of Denver, 210 US 373 (1908) Bi-Metallic Investment Co. v. State Board of Equalization, 239 US 441 (1915) Corona v. United Harbor Pilots Association of the Phils, 283 SCRA 31 (1997) iii. Notice and hearing 1. when required - Cases: National Development Co. v. Collector of Customs, 9 SCRA429 (1963) Bautista v. Workmens Compensation Commission, 88 SCRA 121 (1979) Equitable Banking Corp. v. NLRC, 273 SCRA 352 (1997) 2. when not required - Cases: Suntay v. People, 101 Phil. 833 (1957) Bisschop v. Galang, 8 SCRA 244 (1963) Pollution Adjudication Board v. CA, supra iv. Form and promulgation of judgment -Cases: Serrano v. PSC, 24 SCRA 867 (1968) Realty Exchange Venture Corp v. Sendino, 233 SCRA 665 (1994) DOH v. Camposano, 457 SCRA 438 (2005) Solid Homes, Inc. v. Laserna, 550 SCRA 613 (2008) III. Judicial Recourse

A. Primary jurisdiction - Cases: Villaflor v. CA, 280 SCRA 297 (1997) Phil. Veterans Bank v. CA, 322 SCRA 139 (2000) Industrial Enterprises, Inc. v. CA, 184 SCRA 429 (1990) B. Exhaustion of administrative remedies - Cases: Pascual v. Provincial Board, 106 Phil. 446 (1959) Alzate v. Aldana, 107 Phil. 298 (1960) Cipriano v. Marcelino, 43 SCRA 291 (1972) Paredes v. CA, 253 SCRA 126 (1996) Quasha v. SEC, 83 SCRA 557 Paat v. CA, 266 SCRA 167 (1997) Republic v. Sandiganbayan, 255 SCRA 438 (1999) Lopez v. City of Manila 303 SCRA 448 (1999) DAR v. Apex Investment and Financing Corp., 401 SCRA 283 (2003) Smart Communication, Inc.v. NTC, 408 SCRA 678 (2003) C. Finality of administrative actions - Cases: Switchmens Union of North America v. National Mediation Board, 320 U.S. 279 (1943) Fortich v. Corona, 289 SCRA 624 (1998) Sotto v. Ruiz (1921) Uy v. Palomar, 27 SCRA 287 (1969) Antique Sawmill, Inc. v. Zayco, 17 SCRA 316 (1960) Manuel v. Villena, 37 SCRA 745 (1971) San Miguel Corp. v. Secretary of Labor, 64 SCRA 56 (1975) Flores v. Sangguniang Panlalawigan of Pampanga, 452 SCRA 278 (2005) Civil Service Commission v. DBM, 464 SCRA 115 (2005) D. Modes of judicial review of administrative decisions a. Appeal by certiorari b. Petition for review c. Certiorari, prohibition and mandamus E. Limitations of review a. Distinction between law and fact - Cases: Reyes Vda. De Santiago v. Reyes, 107 Phil. 210 (1960) Aboitiz Shipping Corp. v. Perpeti, 18 SCRA 1028 (1966)

b. Question of law - Cases: Ortua v. Encarnacion, 59 Phil. 440 (1934) Ysmael v. CIR, 108 Phil. 407 (1960) c. Question of fact - Cases: Gonzales v. Victory Labor Union, 30 SCRA 47 (1969) Banco Filipino Savings and Mortgage Bank v. Monetary Board, 204 SCRA 767 (1991) Phil. Airlines v. Confessor, 231 SCRA 767 (1991) Offce of the Ombudsman v. Santos, 486 SCRA 463 (2006) d. Question of discretion - Cases: Manila Trading v. Zulueta, 69 Phil. 485 (1940) FFW v. Noriel, 86 SCRA 132 (1978) PLDT v. NTC, 241 SCRA 486 (1995)