Valve Types Application, Selection

Overview
Existing valve types Which valve type for which application? Efficiency Reliability Comparison Old Valve Types New Valve Types Optimised Valve Type Portfolio

Overview on existing valve types

Type Description Narrow Ported Plate Valves Wide Ported Plate Valves

Hoerbiger Valve Types CED, CFD, , CKD, (HDS), R, CT E3D, F3D, G3D, H, J, K + (CED, CFD lubed design), CS CE CX

Narrow Ported Ring Valves Wide Ported Ring Valves

Which valve type for which application?

Plate Valves Wide Ported Air Gas-transport Gas-storage Light Gases Heavy gases Contaminated Application (Dirt) Low temperature special Gases (O2, Cl) Narrow Ported Ring Valves Wide Ported Poppet Valves Narrow Ported

Efficiency / Reliability A compromise ?

Targets - High Efficiency - High Reliability
Low valve losses
Efficiency

Engineering parameters - Valve design - Valve lift selection - Material selection

Engineering parameters

Reliability

Lifetime

Design parameters influencing the efficiency 1

available flow area - length of the seat lands - numbers of flow channels curvature of the flow paths - vorticity generated within the gas edges within the flow channels - increasing separation regimes
plate valve

profiled ring valve

Design parameters influencing the efficiency 2

Design of seat and guard areas - saturation effects
(drilled seats)
50 40

Effective flow area (PHI)

Influence of unloaders - closing the seat area Influence of plugs - dereasing the flow area

PHI (cm)

30 20 10 0 0 2 4 6

PHI1 PHI2

Lift (mm)

PHI1 ... milled seat PHI2 ... drilled seat

Prediction of efficiency - good models are available

Main valve parameters for efficiency calculation - valve design - valve lift
M P2 F
dis. valve closes

A valve opens

discharge

suction valve closes

P1 G
suction valve opens N

2 VOLUME

D 2 4

D l valve diameter l equivalent flow area D V = 2 * p

gas

Lift (mm)

Prediction of reliability still a challenge

Life time ~ impact stresses ~ impact velocity Life time ~ material properties (low E modulus preferrable)
Measured improvements

= v E
l induced stress [ MPa ] v l impact velocity [ m / s ] E l elasticity Modulus [ MPa ] l material density [kg m 3 ]
2

Relative safety factor S compared to steel

1.62 1.18 STEEL PEEK GF30 PA GF30 *) 23C

Rel. safety factor S

1.5 1 0.5 0

*) .. special PA compound

Goal for new valve designs

optimized seat and guard geometry - no flow resistance effects - enough space for unloaders - enough strength to avoid drilled seats high impact resistance of the sealing elements - optimised for the temperature of operation (MT, PK) - high lifts possible Focus on specific valve design strengths - Ring valves for critical applications Individual engineering - Application based selection

Basic Valve Type Portfolio

heavy gas narrow ported, profiled ring valves

wide (CS) and narrow ported plate valves

low pressure narrow ported plate valves wide ported, profiled ring valves

high pressure

light gas

Conclusions
Advantages of modern, highly efficient valve types are - efficient but still reliable
- low lifts but still efficient

- exploiting modern non metallic sealing materials

- high damping resistance

- optimized portfolio for different applications

- wide and narrow ported - ring and plate valves

- higher flexibility within the valve engineering process