ANUM GULZAR ROLL# 03 BDS 3rd YEAR PROSTHO ASSIGNMENT

1.Patients with remaining natural teeth. 2.Patients who have old denture. 3.Patients without remaining natural teeth and without old denture.

1.Esthetics. 2.Masticatory function. 3.Correction of speech defects. 4.Preservation of the remaining tissue and muscle tone. Primary selection of the teeth must be carried out at the first appointment.

Guides for the anterior teeth selection Pre-extraction guides a. Study cast. b. Photographs. c. Radiographs. d. Extracted teeth. 1. Size of teeth Selection of the size and the teeth is a problem in three dimensions. First we have to consider whether to use porcelain or acrylic teeth.

2. Size of face The average width of the maxillary central incisor is estimated to be one sixteenth of the face measured between the zygoma. The size of the maxillary central incisor is important for they are the most prominent teeth in arch as individual is viewed from frontal position. the tribute tooth indicator is useful in determining the maxillary central incisor. 3. Size of the maxillary arch The mold selector can be used to make measurement of the maxillary cast. Accurately contoured occlusion rims are required. The mold selector is used in the selection of anterior teeth .The measurements are made from the midline on the maxillary occlusion rim to the distal of the cuspid eminence Measure the distance from the distal of one cuspid eminence to the distal of the other with a flexible. 4. Maxillo mandibular relationship Any disproption in size between thr maxillary and mandibular arches influence

the length, width, and the position of the teeth. In instances of protruded mandible, the mandibular anterior teeth are frequently larger than normal. If the mandible are retruded the mandibular anterior teeth are frequently smaller. 4. Incisal pappilate and the cuspid eminence of the buccal frenum If the cuspid eminences are visible, a line can be placed on the cast at the distal termination of the eminence. If the cuspid eminence are not visible the attachment of the buccal frenum can be used. A line placed slightly anterior to the frenum attachment will be distal of the eminence. Measure the distance from the distal of one cuspid eminence to the distal of the other with a flexible. 5. Contour of the residual ridge The artificial teeth should be placed to follow the contour of the residual ridges that existed when the natural teeth were present. The loss of contour as a result of resorption, accident or surgery makes this a difficult task.

6. The vertical distance between the ridges The length of the teeth is determined by the available space between the existing ridges. When the space is available, it is more esthetically acceptable to use a tooth long enough to eliminate the display of the denture base 7. The lip When the lips are relaxed and apart the labial surface of the maxillary anterior teeth support the upper lip. The incisal edge extends inferior to or slightly below the lip margin.

The length of the upper six anterior teeth is normally such that the neck of the teeth will overlap the anterior ridge by 2-3mm Cervically up the incisive edges of the centrals will show below the relaxed lip The face length is taken from supra orbital ridge line to inferior border of the chin. Breadth is the distance between the zygomatic process.The lengt is greater than width would

indicate teeth of htose proportions, irrespective of their shape.

Used to derive the length of central incisor using zygomatic width or the length of the face. Width of the maxillary central incisor=zygomatic width/ 16 =length of the face/20 To determine the length and width of central incisor using the zygomatic width and length of face respectively

1.Physiological The facial musculature contributes to esthetics of the patient Increasing the thickness of the denture base in the labial and the buccal sulci can produce a puffy appearance. 2. Psychological A patient with a +ve self evaluation shows a broad smile up the one width a negative self evaluation shows a tight lipped small smile

The campers line the psychological plane of orientation . 3.Biomechanical The teeth should be placed such that they fulfil the biomechanics of the denture. The teeth should be set in the neutral zone. Color is described by means of Value Chrome Hue Value (lightness) describes overall intensity to how light or dark a color is. It is the only dimension of color that may exist by itself. Chroma (Saturation) may be defined as the strength or dominance of the hue. On the outer edge of the hue wheel are the intensely saturated hues.Towards the center of the color wheel, no hue dominates and they becomes less and less saturated. Hue is described with the words we normally think of as describing color: red, purple, blue, etc.

 The form of the teeth should be coformed to contour of the face as considered from the labial, mesial, distal and incisal aspect The general outline of the tooth should conform to the general outline of the face when viewed from frontal aspect. Three factors are used as guides in the selection of anterior teeth for form. 1. Sex 2. The form and contour of the face 3. Age According to Leon Williams classification face Three types 1. Square 2. Tapering 3. Ovoid

Square

Tapering

Ovoid

Wear is clinically insignificant over a long period of time No significant loss vertical dimension Allow for the total rebasing procedures Maintain communicating efficiency Difficult to grind and fit into a close inter-ridge

space Cause dangerous abrasion to opposing gold crown and natural teeth. Have a sharp impact sound Will not bond to the base material except with mechanical means. The anterior porcelain teeth have pins at the back, while the posteriors have holes. Wear is clinically significant Loss of occlusal vertical dimension due to wear. Occlusal surface is altered by wear. Do not chip, and have softer impact sounds Easy to adjust and polish Easy to grind into close inter ridge space Will bond to base material by chemical union. Minimal wear to opposing natural teeth and gold crowns. This is a definite indication for their use