substance abuse & HIV/AIDS Prevention education

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

situation on drugs

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FACTS AND FIGURES

About 230 million people, or 5 per cent of the worlds adult population, are estimated to have used an illicit drug at least once in 2010. Problem drug users number about 27 million, which is 0.6 per cent of the world adult population.

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FACTS AND FIGURES

The harmful use of alcohol results in 2.5 million deaths each year. 320,000 young people between the age of 15 and 29 die from alcoholrelated causes, resulting in 9% of all deaths in that age group. QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

FACTS AND FIGURES

At least 15.3 million persons have drug use disorders. Injecting drug use reported in 148 countries, of which 120 report HIV infection among this population. QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

THE NATIONAL DRUG SITUATION

Methamphetamine hydrochloride, an amphetamine-type stimulant (ATS), locally known as shabu, continues to be the most abused drug in the country followed by cannabis, locally known as marijuana. QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

THE NATIONAL DRUG SITUATION

Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) or ecstasy, another amphetamine-type stimulant, a well known party drug, is commonly abused among affluent members of the society.
Percentage of arrested personalities per drug seized

75

24 Shabu Marijuana Ecstacy 1

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

THE NATIONAL DRUG SITUATION

2008 16% 84% 2009 15% 85% 2010 16% 84%

Female Male

Based on the arrest record, women are still being utilized by the syndicates in drug activities because of their vulnerability and ability to avoid suspicion and detection.

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

THE NATIONAL DRUG SITUATION

42 minors were arrested for drug pushing. This number increased to 86 this year. Drug players exploit minors in drug trafficking because they can elude detection and cannot be arrested because of RA 9344 otherwise known as the Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act which exempts minors or children 15 years old and below from criminal liability 2008 No. of Minors involved in Drug Trafficking 2009 2010

42

62

86

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THE NATIONAL DRUG SITUATION

In November 2004, the Department of Health conducted a nationwide random drug test among the graduating 4th year public high school students with these results:

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

THE NATIONAL DRUG SITUATION

The Philippines among the worlds after China, US, Thailand and Taiwan based on the number of seizures in the last 10 years, according to a just released report of the United Nations Office on Drug and Crime (UNODC).

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

PROFILE OF A FILIPINO DRUG USER Mean Age: Age Bracket: Drug of Choice: Sex Ratio: Civil Status: Employment Status: Educational Attainment: 31 y/o 22-29 y/o Shabu and Marijuana 9:1 Single (53%) 21% are unemployed 58% underemployed 52% High School Level 29% College Education

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

TOP 10 DRUGS / SUBSTANCE ABUSE

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Methampethamine Hydrochloride (Shabu) Cannabis (Marijuana) Contact Cement (example: Rugby) Benzodiazepines Cough/Cold Preparations Methylenedioxymethampetamine or MDMA (Ecstasy) 7. Cocaine 8. Nalbuphine Hydrochloride 9. Psilocybin (Magic Mushroom) 10.Solvents (acetone, thinner)

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

WHAT YOUTH CAN DO?

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

ROLES OF YOUTH

The YOUth is an agent of Primary Prevention!

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ROLES OF YOUTH an ounce of prevention is better than pound of cure Primary prevention is less expensive than cure Primary prevention is the first line of defense Primary prevention can take place in the community The success rate of treatment is low. QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

EXAMPLES OF PREVENTION APPROACH

increase knowledge and awareness change values, attitudes and beliefs. it is important as it provides the facts.

I Information
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EXAMPLES OF PREVENTION APPROACH

Building social and personal/ cognitive skills improve young peoples abilities to interact socially, clarifies values and improves self- awareness. These skills can be developed through discussions of feelings, values, and perception through role play, participation in group projects and leadership opportunities. Involvement in activities like these can help reduce social influence; motivate young people to resist external pressure; and teach them skills such as decision making, problem solving and goal setting.

S Skills

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

EXAMPLES OF PREVENTION APPROACH

Providing interesting recreational activities can divert the attention of young people away from substance use toward more positive physical and social outlets. The participation of youth groups in the community service projects and awareness campaigns should also be encouraged. Involving them strengthens protective factors and social bonding.

A Alternative Activities
QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

EXAMPLES OF PREVENTION APPROACH

Positive attachments can help reinforce protective factors. Encouraging presence of caring family members, friends, and other adults interested in their well- being provides support and role models to young people. Child- parent relationships have been shown to improve when the entire family is involved. Positive peer relationships should also be encouraged. Other positive attachments that could be encouraged are through schools or religion (depending on the local context)

A Attachments

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

EXAMPLES OF PREVENTION APPROACH

young people in need should be directed toward appropriate available resources, such as social services, educational and health facilities.

R Resources
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EXAMPLES OF PREVENTION APPROACH

strengthening parent-child communication can lead to better reinforcement of prevention work in the home, with parents serving as role models. Parental skills can be strengthened through family skills training, parent support groups, parent peer groups and family counseling.

F Family

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EXAMPLES OF PREVENTION APPROACH

L Local Community
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EXAMPLES OF PREVENTION APPROACH

O Orienting Services
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SETTING FOR PRIMARY PREVENTION

In the family In schools In the workplace In the community

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HIV / AIDS Prevention education

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ACTIVITY 1: How well YOUth know!

Materials: Pentel pens Manila papers Instructions:

Time Alloted: 15 minutes

Penis Vagina Sex

Alcohol Cigarettes

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

WORLD SITUATION ON HIV / AIDS

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

Global Summary of AIDS Epidemic 2010 No. of people living with HIV Total: 34.0 million (31.6 M 35.2 M) People newly infected with HIV in 2010 Total: 2.7 million (2.4 M 2.9 M) AIDS deaths in 2010 Total: 1.8 million (1.6 M 1.9 M) QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

Adolescents, young people & HIV 1.6 billion people aged 12 24 years old. In 2010, 42% of new HIV infections in people aged 15 24. Nearly 80% (4 million) live in Sub saharan Africa.

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Adolescents, young people & HIV Young women aged 15 24 have HIV infection rates twice as high in men. Over 7,000 new infections a day. About 97% are in low and middle income countries.

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HIV / AIDS Philippine Registry

In July 2013, there were 449 new positive individuals. This was a 62% increase compared to the same period last year ( n=278 in 2012). 42% of the reported cases were from NCR. 2,772 new cases for 2013 (January to July). 14,474 total cases reported since January 1984 to July 2013.

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

HIV / AIDS Philippine Registry

Most of the cases (96%) were males. The median age was 27 years (age range: 5-60 years). The 20-29 year (57%) and agegroup had the most cases. Mode of Transmission:
Sexual contact (412) IDUs (36)

PLHIV Deaths: 105 (Jan Jul 2013)

As of July 2013

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

WHAT IS HIV?

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QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

HIV Definition

H Human I Immunodeficiency

V Virus
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HIV Definition it infects and affects only HUMAN BEINGS. It destroys the bodys ability to fight off diseases. This renders the immune system defenseless and vulnerable to all forms of infections.

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HIV Definition HIV Infection

Successful entry of HIV Nobody is immune Usually asymptomatic for 5 to 10 years Lifelong infection Pregnancy

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Theories regarding HIV / AIDS Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) from chimpanzee most likely mutated in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) to cause AIDS. The Hunter Theory: It is said that the virus (SIV) was transferred to humans as a result of chimps being killed and eaten or their blood getting into cuts or wounds on the hunter. SIV on a few occasions adapted itself within its new human host and become HIV. QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

Theories regarding HIV / AIDS The Oral Polio Vaccine Theory: In this it is said that the virus was transmitted via various medical experiments (iatrogenically) especially through the polio vaccines.

The Contaminated Needle Theory: African healthcare professionals were using one single syringe to inject multiple patients without any sterilization in between.
QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

WHAT IS AIDS?

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

AIDS Definition A-I-D-S stands for: Acquired .. Something you

get rather than you are born with Immune resistance or protection from disease Deficiency . absence of protective power Syndrome ..a variety of symptoms rather than one single disease

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

AIDS Definition AIDS is the name of a disease caused by a virus that breaks down the bodys immune system and leads to fatal infection and later causes death to people. HIV is the virus that causes AIDS. QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

HOW DOES A PERSON INFECTED WITH HIV?

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Mode of Transmission

Unprotected sexual intercourse

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

Mode of Transmission

Contact with Infected Blood

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

Mode of Transmission

Mother to Child Transmission

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BODY FLUIDS KNOWN TO TRANSMIT HIV

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High Risk Fluids

Blood & Blood Products

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

High Risk Fluids

Seminal / Vaginal & Cervical Fluids

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

High Risk Fluids

Breastmilk
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PLHIV LOOKS LIKE?

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PLHIV looks like? In the early stages, immune deficiency may not cause any symptoms (known as the asymptomatic stage). Symptoms eventually develop are related to the disease or infection that attacks the body because of the failure of the immune system to protect the body

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

Symptoms

PLHIV looks like?

Unexplained or unusual diarrhea that lasting for weeks or month Unusual skin problem or diseases Progressive shortness of breath Development of Kaposis Sarcoma, Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia (PCP), severe infections with yeast, cytomegalovirus, herpes virus and parasites are expected in the later stage of AIDS.

Extreme tiredness Unexplained and continued fever and night sweats Loss of appetite Unexplained difficulty of sleeping Unexplained weight loss which is not due to any voluntary actions (e.g dieting, physical activities) Swollen glands around the neck, armpits or groins ( known as the swollen lymphnodes)

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

Progression of HIV

Beginning: No symptoms, no weight loss

After few years, mild weight loss, mouth ulcers, itching, skin disease

After several years Important weight Loss, thrush, TB, fever

After 10 years: Wasting syndrome, chronic herpes simplex ulcerations, extrapulmonary TB

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

TREATMENT RELATED TO HIV/AIDS

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

Treatment related to HIV & AIDS NO CURE has yet been found for AIDS However, primary therapy for HIV infection includes three different types of antiretroviral agents. QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

Treatment related to HIV & AIDS

TAKE NOTE that the use of these treatments is not to cure the HIV/ AIDS rather to slow down the progression of the virus.

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

HIV & AIDS Testing Centers

San Lazaro Hospital Address: Quiricada St., Sta. Cruz, Manila Telephone: (02) 7323776 to 78 Philippine General Hospital Address:Taft. Avenue, Malate, Manila Telephone: (02) 5548400 Research Institute for Tropical Medicine Address: DOH Compund, Filinvest, Alabang, Muntinlupa City Telephone: (02) 8097599

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

SOCIAL HYGIENE CLINICS

Batasan Social Hygiene Clinic Dr. Dottie Mercado - Social Hygiene Clinic Physician Batasan Hills, Quezon City (0905) 357-6353 Bernardo Social Hygiene Clinic Dr. Suzette Encisa - Social Hygiene Clinic Physician Bernardo Clinic, Quezon City (0916) 478-1607 Project 7 Social Hygiene Clinic Dr. Monina Santos - Social Hygiene Clinic Physician Project 7 , Quezon City (0918) 618-4133

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

PREVENTION OF HIV / AIDS

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

HIV & AIDS Prevention

A - Abstinence
QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

HIV & AIDS Prevention

B Be Faithful
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HIV & AIDS Prevention

C
Conscience

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HIV & AIDS Prevention

D Do not use Drugs

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HIV & AIDS Prevention

E Education
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HIV & AIDS Prevention

F Frequent Voluntary Testing

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HIV & AIDS Prevention

G Guidance and Counseling

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HIV & AIDS Prevention

H Healthy Lifestyle
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STIGMA & DISCRIMINATION

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STIGMA
This refers to the way individual or groups feel when they experience judgments, ridicule, isolation and blame among others on the basis of their HIV status. It is a result of discrediting individuals in the eye of others.

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STIGMA
Stigma can lead to depression, withdrawal and feeling of worthless. Naming names or calling them names Denying them of their opportunities and rights Not giving them care and support Harassing

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

DISCRIMINATION
This is when individuals or groups are being treated unfairly. It occurs when a distinction is made against a person thats results in his or her being treated unfairly and unjustly on the basis of their belonging, or perceived to belong to a particular group.

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

DISCRIMINATION
People with (or believe to have) HIV/AIDS have been:
Segregate in schools and hospitals Refused employment Denied to right to marry Denied for VISAS or entry permission Rejected by their communities KILLED

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WHAT YOUTH CAN DO?

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

Take the lead! Spread the message, NOT the virus...

A Always disseminate the right information. B Be an agent of positive living &

C Create an enabling environment.

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behavioral change.

Take the lead! Spread the message, NOT the virus...

Dare to create a bigger impact on your peers.

E Educate the
youth according to their needs.
QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

Take the lead! Spread the message, NOT the virus...

FFight Stigma & Discrimination

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

Take the lead! Spread the message, NOT the virus...

GGo and be a Red Cross Volunteer

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

RELATIONSHIP OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE TO HIV / AIDS

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Relationship of Substance Abuse to HIV / AIDS

AS SELLERS

HIV/ AIDS in Sex Trade

AS BUYERS

Sharing syringes and needles when injecting drugs is the easiest way of getting HIV. Infected drug injectors can introduce the virus into the sex trade into ways: as BUYERS & SELLERS.

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

HIV / AIDS CHALLENGE QUIZ

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER

THANK YOU!!!!
Please Like Our Page:
Official Philippine Red Cross Quezon City Chapter Youth Peer Education www.facebook.com/prc.qc.ype

QUEZON CITY CHAPTER