Have something to demonstrate

or explain? Dont say it; show it!

Draw great
Before&After
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Draw great visual instructions 0679 Continued
Continued

2 of 12
Ever bogged down reading a TV manual? Assembly
instructions for a folding table? Directions for your
food processor? We have, too! Even written in plain
English, theyre too darn verbal. We live in a visual
world. To convey directions intuitively (not to
mention globally), we need to use visual language.
We need to speak in pictures.
Key to easy production is to draw from snapshots.
Drawing allows you to arrange and re arrange the
action quickly with no regard for details. Once
a snapshot is made, you are immediately free
to pick out important parts, change positions,
exag gerate key actions and so forth to make the
message clear.
Lets see what we can do.
Draw great visual instructions
Have something to demonstrate or explain? Dont say it; show it!
If < > appears, more
information can be accessed
by using the arrow (< >) keys
(Available in Standby Mode
for PC5516, PC5516Z and
PC5532Z). Press [<] to see the
previous function or item of
information. Refer to page 17.
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3 of 12
3 of 12
Work from photos
Small digital cameras are great tools for composing visual instructions, because
you can work quickly and uidly, without regard for lighting and other details.
Before Compose with a photo
After Clarify with a drawing
Glare
Blurry
Unnecessary
detail
Shadowy Key details
are murky.
Center of
interest is
too small.
Sharp Center of interest is
drawn larger than life
size for extra clarity.
Clear
Designer has
full control
Unnecessary
details are now
gone.
Contrast of
value (black, gray,
white) clarify the
action.
Unwanted
objects
SPEAKER
RIGHT LEFT
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Draw great visual instructions

4 of 12
4 of 12
Picture the action
Make a storyboard. Before drawing, take a series of shots and ask, does the series as
a whole express the action clearly? Then ask, does each shot make its point clearly?
While a simple action can be presented as a single panel, instructions are usually a multi panel
sequence of step-by-stepsdo this, then that, then the other (above). Illustrated hands are excellent
communicators! Although arrows and pointers can do the job, hands are more lifelike and allow us
to project ourselves into the action. Hand action in a sequence has another benetit appears to be
moving, which is how we naturally see things.
Plan your action thoroughly. Go overboard; too many pictures are preferable to too few. Import
your snapshots into your drawing program, and begin tracing. Things to watch for . . .
SPEAKER
RIGHT LEFT
SPEAKER
RIGHT LEFT
SPEAKER
RIGHT LEFT
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Draw great visual instructions

5 of 12
5 of 12
Draw only the parts you need
Think minimum. At each step in a sequence, draw only the parts
pertinent to that stepin this case a mere outline of the radio and
the plug-in panel. Also draw any parts needed to orient the object
in other words, to clue the reader where he is.
Above, the small rectangles in the upper corners tell
the reader this is the back of the radio. Less radical
(but busier) is to gray out the extra parts (left).
Extra parts divide the readers attention.
SPEAKER
RIGHT LEFT
SPEAKER
RIGHT LEFT
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Draw great visual instructions

6 of 12
6 of 12
Find the best pose
Unclear In real life youd probably press the
button this wayby gripping the radio so you
dont push it off your desk. But this action
does not translate into a clear instruction.
Its clearer this way. Hands are so expressive that every nuance
conveys information, so careful work at this step is key to creating
clear instructions. Be sure to look at the pictures you make; although
you know you were pushing the button, the viewer wont unless
youve captured the action visually. Experiment; sometimes the most
expressive action will feel awkward.
SPEAKER
RIGHT LEFT
SPEAKER
RIGHT LEFT
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Draw great visual instructions

7 of 12
7 of 12
Zoom in or exaggerate
Close, closer, closest. Crop to bring the action up close,
but watch for two things: Leave a large enough portion of
the image to not disorient the readernote above how
the contour of the radios bottom edge tells you where you
areand show as much of the hands as possible.
SPEAKER
RIGHT LEFT
Exaggerate In an effort to show detail, the
inset (left) is cropped too close. A better
approach is to enlarge only one part of the
image; (above) the plug-in panel is enlarged
relative to the rest of the drawing.
SPEAKER
RIGHT LEFT
SPEAKER
RIGHT LEFT
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Draw great visual instructions

8 of 12
8 of 12
Highlight
SPEAKER
RIGHT LEFT
SPEAKER
RIGHT LEFT LEFT
SPEAKER
RIGHT
SPEAKER
T LEFT
Maximum clarity For maximum clarity, feel free to disregard your photos
natural colors or grays, and color your drawing articially. Note the black radio,
above, left, matches the photo, but the action is not sharply dened. A lighter
radio (above, center) contrasts clearly with its dark plug-in panel, but now the
white background and hands have no contrast. Black background (above, right)
solves the problem.
Highlight the action A useful way to highlight
action in a dark or conned area is with a spot-
light. Create a lighter version of the image, then
paste it inside a circle.
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Draw great visual instructions

9 of 12
9 of 12
Look for ways to use the same parts more than once. Starting from the previous image,
the hands above are easily rotated and repositioned to illustrate the next stepplugging
a wire into the second socket. Reusing parts saves drawing time, but be careful; if your
old images dont express the new action with equal clarity, take another snapshot.
Move and reuse parts
SPEAKER
RIGHT LEFT
SPEAKER
RIGHT LEFT
SPEAKER
RIGHT LEFT
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Draw great visual instructions

10 of 12
10 of 12
Modify, simplify
Modify Drawing gives you the freedom to mod ify! The screwdriver above
was drawn in two pieces from separate photos and spliced. It was then easy
to shorten or length en the shaft. Typically, you would do this to t a space or
clarify an action. You dont need to copy a photo literally.
Repetitive parts, patterns
and actions can often be
drawn quickly. Here, a
single thread is duplicated
to create the screw.
Simplify Think minimum. Wherever
you can simplify an object without
altering the read ers perception of it,
do so. Right, the threads have been
reduced from three lines to two.
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Draw great visual instructions

11 of 12
11 of 12
Create x-ray views, explode parts
Create x-ray views Your draw-
ings can reveal parts and actions the
camera cannot seean indispens-
able asset; here, the drawing illus-
trates access to a recessed screw.
Exploded views show how parts t togeth er. Above, we traced the assembled
part from a photo, then added pins to the knobs and hung them in midair. For
more complex objects you may need to work from several separate photos.
An excellent way to create assembly instructions is to rst show an exploded
view of the parts, then follow with the steps of tting them together.
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Draw great visual instructions

12 of 12 | Printing formats
12 of 12
Before & After magazine
Before & After has been sharing its practical approach
to graphic design since 1990. Because our modern world
has made designers of us all (ready or not), Before &
After is dedicated to making graphic design understand-
able, useful and even fun for everyone.
John McWade Publisher and creative director
Gaye McWade Associate publisher
Dexter Mark Abellera Staff designer

Before & After magazine
323 Lincoln Street, Roseville, CA 95678
Telephone 916-784-3880
Fax 916-784-3995
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www http://www.bamagazine.com
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Draw great visual instructions

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