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IS 14900 (2000): Transparent Float Glass [CHD 10: Glassware]

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Is 14900:2000
( Reaffirmed 2005 )

Indian Standard TRANSPARENT FLOAT GLASS SPECIFICATION

ICS 81.040

0 BIS 2000

BUREAU
MANAK

OF

INDIAN

STANDARDS

BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG NEW DELHI 110002 Price Group 4

December 2000

Glassware Sectional Committee, CHD 10

FOREWORD This Indian Standard was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by Glassware Sectional Committee had been approved by the Chemical Division Council. The float process, which is becoming principal method of float glass manufacture the world over, has replaced the sheet and plate glass. This fuel efficient process, which gives high optical clarity glass with uniform thickness has now been introduced in India. A need was, therefore, felt to formulate a standard for float glass so that optimum quality of the product is ensured. Float glass is manufactured by allowing the glass from the tank furnace to flow across a bath of molten tin in a controlled atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen which yields transparent glass sheet, the surfaces of which are flat and parallel so that they provide clear, undistorted vision and reflection. The primary use of this glass is for vehicles, windows of buildings mirrors and other similar applications. While formulating this standard, due weightage has been given to the standards and practices prevailing in different countries including India. There is no 1S0 standard for Transparent Float Glass at the time of preparation of this standard. In preparation of this standard assistance has been derived from: Specification for flat glass, American Society for Testing and Materials, U.S.A. Specification

ASTM C 1036-91

CAN/CGSB 12.3- M91 for Glass, polished plate or float, flat clear, Canadian Government Board (CGSB), Canada. JIS R 3202:1996 The composition Float and polished plate glasses, Japanese Industrial Standard, Japan.

of technical committee responsible for the formulation of this standard is given in Annex F.

For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with IS 2:1960 Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised). The number of significant places retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.

IS 14900:2000

Indian Standard TRANSPARENT FLOAT GLASS SPECIFICATION

1 SCOPE 1.1 This standard prescribes requirements and method of sampling and tests for flat, transparent, clear float glass having glossy, plain and smooth surfaces. 1.1.1 This standard covers cut sizes or stock sheets square, rectangular and of other shapes. 1.1.2 This standard does not cover tinted, coated, frosted, heat absorbing andlor light reducing glasses. 2 REFERENCES The Indian Standards listed below contain provisions which through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Indian Standard. At the time of publication, the edit?ons indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below: IS No. 1382: 2835: 1981 1987 Title Glossary of terms relating to glass and glassware (/M revision) Flat transparent sheet glass Specification (third revision) assimilated glass having an irregular, knotty or tangled appearance. 3.8 Linear and final Defects - Defects on the surface or inside of the glass such as the non-uniformity of the base, scratch etc. 3.9 Open Gaseous Inchsions - Bubbles at the surface of glass that are open, leaving a cavity in the finished surface. 3.10 Ream - Inclusions within the glass, or layers or strings of glass, that are not homogeneous with the main body of the glass. 3.11 Rubs -Abrasion of the glass surfaces producing a frosted appearance, A rub differs from a scratch in having appreciable width. 3.12 Scratches - Any marking or tearing of the surface appearing as though it had been done by either a sharp or rough instrument. 3.13 Seeds (Fine and Coarse) - Bubbles less than 1.$)mm in diameter. Fhe seeds are visible only upon close inspection, usually appearing as small specks, and are an inherent imperfection in glass. Seeds above 1.0 mm in diameter are usually considered coarse seeds. 3.14 Stones - Any opaque or partially melted particle of rock, clay or batch ingredient embedded in the glass. 3.15 Strings - Wavy, transparent lines appearing .as though a thread of glass had been incorporated into the sheet. 3.16 Wave - Defects resulting from irregularities of the surface of glass making object viewed at varying angles appear wavy or bent. 4 REQUIREMENTS 4.1 Dimensions and Tolerances

3 TERMINOLOGY For the purpose of this standard, the definitions given in IS 1382 in addition to the following shall apply. 3.1 Bloom - Bloom is bluish disco~oration on the glass bottom surface due to high level of dissolved stannous oxide in the ribbons bottom surface. It appears when the glass is heated to a temperature above 630C. 3.2 Bubbles - Gaseous inclusions (see 3.6) in glass. These inclusions are normally brilliant in appearance. 3.3 Cords - Heavy strings incorporated in the sheet rather than on the surface, occurring without any regularity of direction and of considerable thickness [see also Ream (3.10)]. 3.4 Crush - A lightly pitted area resulting in a dull grey appearance over the region. 3.5 Digs - Deep, short scratches. 3.6 Gaseous Inclusions - Round or elongated bubbles in the glass. 3.7 Knots A transparent area of incompletely

The thickness of glass shall be measured in accordance with Annex A, The length and width of the glass on cut sizes shall be measured in accordance with Annex B. The tolerances on ttilckness shall be as specified in Table 1. The tolerances on length and width on cut sizes shall be as specified in Table 2. 4.1.1 If agreed to between the purchaser and the supplier, thicknesses other than those specified in Tables 1 and 2 may be supplied. In such cases, the tolerance on thickness as well as dimensions shall be

Is 14900:2000 those
thickness which are applicable in Tables to immediate lower

specified

1 and2.

Table 1 Thickness

and Tolerance

of Float Glass

4.2.2 As for bubbles of diameter 1.5 mm or more and foreign matter of diameter 1.0 mm or more, the distance between two bubbles, two foreign matter, or bubbles and foreign matter shall be not less than 150 mm. 4.2.3 Bubbles The number of bubbles shall not exceed the following limits when tested in accordance with Annex C (rounded to the integer value): Diameter of Bubble, mm 0.5 to 1.45 1.5 to 2.94 3.0 to 4.94 5.0 to 9.94 10 and above Permissible Number 5.5XS l.l XS 0.44 x s 0.22 x s Nil

(Clauses 4.1 and 4.1. 1)

All dimensions Nominal Thickness (1) 1.9 in mill imetres.

(2) * 0.2 * 0.3 * 0.3 * 0.3 * 0.3 i 0.6 i 0.6 k 0.8 * 0.8 * 1.2

3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 8,0 10.0 12.0 15.0 19.0

Table 2 Dimensional (Length or W:dth) and Tolerance of Float Glass (Clauses 4.1 and 4.1.1)
All dimensions Nominal Thickness in millimetres. Tolerance (Length or Width) Above 3 m (3)

where S = Area of float glass expressed in m2 rounded off to the second decimal place. 4.2.4 Foreign Matter The number of foreign matter shall not exceed the following limits when tested in accordance with Annex C (rounded to the integer value): Diameter of Foreign Matte< mm 0.5 to 0.94 1.0 to 1.94 2.0 to 2.94 10 and above Permissible Number 2.2 x s 0.44 x s 0.22 x s Nil

Up to and Including 3 m

(1) 1.9 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 15.0 19.0

(2)

+1 -2 +1 -2 +1 -2 +2 -2 +2 -2 +2 3 +2 3 +3 3 +3 -3
+5 -5

where S= Area of float glass expressed in m 2rounded off to the second decimal place. 4.2.5 Reams, Strings and Lines
+3 4 +3 -4 +4 -4 +4 -4
+6 -6

There shall be no reams, strings and lines defect distinguished visually when tested in accordance with Annex C. 4.2.6 Scratch, Rubs and Crush The length of the individual defects and sum total of their length in one plate (rounded off to integer value) shall not exceed the following limits when tested in accordance with Annex C. Area of One Plat< m2 Less thari 1 1 and above Permissible Length of Scratch, Rubs and Crush, mm, h4in 240 240
X

4.2 Allowable Imperfections 4.2.1 The allowable imperfections when tested in accordance with Annex C shall not exceed the individual requirements given in 4.2.2 to 4.2.6. Perspective distortion shall not exceed the requirement when tested in accordance with Annex D as given in 4.2.7. The diameter of the bubble and foreign matter shall be the largest external diameter excluding the halo part.

where S = Area of float glass expressed in m2 rounded off to the second decimal place.

1s 14900:2000 4.2.7 Perspective Distortion absorbing material. Further they shall be packed in a woodeh case. 5.2 Marking Each package of the float glass shall be marked with the following information: a) Name of the material Float Glass, b) Size and thickness, c) Number of pieces per package, and d) Indication of the source of manufacturer. 5.2.1 Each piece of tloat glass shall be also marked with the following details: a) The words Float Glass, b) Indication of source of manufacture, c) Thickness of glass. 5.2.2 BIS Certijlcation Marking Each glass may also be marked with the Standard Mark. 4.4 Optional Requirement 5.2.2.1 The use of the Standard Mark is governed by the provisions of the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder. The details of conditions under which a Iicence for the use of the Standard Mark may be granted to manufacturers or producers may be obtained from the Bureau of Indian Standards. 6 SAMPLING be packed in a suitable shock6.1 Representative samples shall be drawn accordance with Annex C of IS 2835 for testing. in 4.4.1 Freedom from Other Defects The material shall be tested for bloom freedom from defects as per Annex E whenever required by the purchaser (see 3.1). 5 PACKAGXNG AND MARKING 5.1 Packaging Float glass shall, and

The linear stripe pattern shall nc!t be observed as distorted when the glass is tested in accordance with Annex D. 4.2.8 Defects on Outside

Defects in shape such as chipping of cut side, shelling, protrusion, slicing off, corners on/off, etc(see Fig. 1) shall be that the deviation from the cutting line when seeing perpendicularly to the surface of plate glass is not more than the nominal value of thickness of plate glass and not more than 10 mm. 4.3 Squareness The corners of any rectangular piece of float glass shall not deviate from a right angle by atr amount greater than that represented by 0.075 or 1.3 mm/m. 4.3.1 It shall be measured with a steel tape which is graduated to 1 mm.

(a) Chipping and Protrusion

u=
PROTRUSION CLtT LINE .T

(b) Shelling

r
I

PLATE CORNER ON CUT LINE A ~ I

SLICING OFF

(c) Corners On/Off

(d) Slicing Off ONCUT SIDE FIG. 1 DEFECTS

IS 14900:2000

ANNEX A
(Clause 4.1 ) THICKNESS MEASUREMENT or with a measuring instrument having an equivalent accuracy.

A-1 Float glass thickness shall be measured with micrometer or calipers, which is graduated to 0.01 mm

ANNEX B
(Clause 4.1) LENGTH AND WIDTH MEASUREMENT

B-1 Length and width shall be measured with a steel scale (tape) which is graduated to 1 mm. The

measurement

shall be made on adjacent two sides.

ANNEX
DETERMINATION STRINGS,

C
and4.2.6)

(Clauses 4.2.1,4 .2.3,4.2.4,4.2.5

OF BUBBLES, FOREIGN MATTER, REAMS, LINES, SCRATCH, RUBS AND CRUSH

NOTE The fluorescent lamp shall be a cool white 40W fluorescent lamp of 120 cm in length and, if the length exceeding 120 cm is required, plural lamps shall be installed touching end by end in tandem.

C-1 Examine the glass and detect bubbles, foreign matter, reams, strings, lines, scratch, rubs and crush by setting a group of fluorescent lamps (see Note ) horizontally in four parallel steps separating each other at an interval of 50 cm on the vertical wall with black mat surface coated as shown in Fig. 2 illuminating the specimen glass put on the position 1 m apart from and parallel to the wall from the back side, and observing visually the specimen from the front side. The observation shall not be affected by the light from the outside.

C-2 The distance between the specimen glass and the observer shall be approximately 50 cm in the case of bubbles, foreign matter and 4 m for reams, strings, lines, scratch, rubs and crushes. C-3 Measure the largest size of diameter of bubble and/or foreign matter, excluding halo portion, using a magnifying glass or a metal scale with minimum graduation of 0.1 mm. .

E 5 E ;

BLACK MAT FINISHED WALL

t Ij

SPECIMEN

GLASS

FLUORESCENT LAMP

({ ~ 4, # 9

&

: ,

///////2jzz//////////// loOcm

fl//////////////A APPROX OR 400 50cm cm

7////

FIG. 2 ARRANGEMENT FORDETECTING DEFECTS

Is 14900:2000

ANNEX D
(Clause 4.2.7) PERSPECTIVE D-1 Examine perspective distortion by seeing through glass at the position approximately the specimen 4.5 m distant from it in the direction such that the incident angle to it is as shown in Table 3, and observing the screen set up perpendicularly to the sight line approximately 4.5 m further ahead of the specimen over the total width of about middle part of the specimen from the horizontal direction, as shown in Fig. 3. The specimen glass shall be kept with the drawn direction (see Note) at manufacture vertical and, on the surface of the screen, the stripe patter% of white and black parallel straight lines of 2S mm width and inclined at 45 shall be provided, and its surface shall be lusterless. DISTORTION
NOTE If the drawn direction at manufacture is not clear, the observation shall be made in two dkections.

Table 3 Incident Angle of Sight Line in Perspective Distortion Test (Clause D-1 )
Thickness Incident Angle, Degree (2)

(1)
2mm 3mm 4 mm or above

40
45

50

25mm SPECIMEN SCREEN

-@

APPROX 4.5m

APPROX4*5m

L==-e.l

FIG. 3 ARRANGEMENT FORTESTONPERSPECTIVE DISTORTION

ANNEX E
(Clause 4.4. 1) DETERMINATION E-1 EQUIPMENT E-1.l Electric Furnace OF BLOOM on the glass surface from outside. The general arrangement of the furnance shall be as per Fig. 4. E-1.2 Optical Pyrometer, of the range up to 1000 C. E-2 PROCEDURE E-2.1 Place the glass inside the furnace and close the door. Focus the optical pyrometer on the surface of the glass which shall indicate gradual increase of the surface temperature of the glass. When the temperature is reached to 630 +~C. Switch off the furnace and allow the glass to reach till it attains room temperature. E-2.2 The glass shall be inspected for bloom in natural light.

The furnace can accommodate a glass of minimum size 600 mm x 600 mm in vertical position. The heating area should be minimum 150 mm bigger all around than the glass size. The temperature of the furnace should be such that a temperature of the glass may be attained at 650 & 5(C within 3 to 4 min. The furnace shall be controlled by a temperature indicator-cumcontroller and the temperature may be sensed with the help of thermocouple inserted inside the furnace atmosphere. The furnace shall have a peep window through which an optical pyrometer can be focussed

Is 14900:2000 E-3 RESULTS No fogginess, rainbow colour shall be visible on the glass surface.
NGTE An area of 20 mm width all along the periphery of the glass shall be excluded for inspection.

TH ERMO COUPLE

50)s 50 PEEP WINDOW

r
.
-~: --:

HEATING ZONE

TONGS 6

i I II ~

1 4
I

I I -_./-_ &

I I I

-&OpTICAL pYROMETER

~
. .

1
400 9 m APROX

HEATING

AREA

FURNACE
All dimensions in milIimetR~.

POSITION OF GLASS

FIG. 4 GENERAL ARRANGEME~OFELECTRIC HEATING FURNACE

ANNEX F
(Foreword) COMMITTEE COMPOSITION Glassware Sectional Committee, CHD 10
Chairman DR R. N. DWIVEIR Members
DR ANUP KUMARCHAUOHURY (Alternate

Representing Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute (CSIR), Calcutta

to

Dr R. N. Dwivedi)
SHRI N. K. A(iARWA1. SHIiI P. K. AGARWAL (Altemute)

Hindustan Safety Glass Works Ltd, Calcutta

SHRIR. BAILUR
SHRI R. P. SHARMA(Alfemufe)

Hindustar

~acuum Glass Ltd, New Delhi

SHRIS. S. BHAIIA
SIIRI S. K. SHARMA(Alternate) SHKIP. K. CHATIFXJX SHRI M. M. RAKTAVAOE (Alfernafe)

Hind Lamps Ltd, Shikohabad

Victory Flask Co Pvt Ltd, Mumbai

(Continued on page 7) 6

IS 14900:2000 (Continuedfiom page 6)

Members
CHIEFCHF31ET DmJTY CHIEFCHEMIST (Alternate) SHIUOM P. DHAMIJA SHRIP. P. SAxt+rA(Alternafe)

Representing Central Revenues Control Laboratory, New Delhi

Export Inspection

Council of India, New Delhl

SHKIN. S. GHOSH SHRI S. B. PrrAsm (Alternute) SHRIA. A. JUSHt (Alternate) SHRIM. KRISHNAMURTHY
SHRJP. J&yAKWUN

The lndo-Asahl

G1ass Co Ltd, Calcutta

Indkm Institute

of Packaging,

Mumbai

Directorate

General of Supplies & Disposals,

New Delhi

SHRI N. K. KAUSHAL (Altemure) SHRIA, R. JUNNARKAR SHRt H. K. GHOSH(Alternute) SHRIA. B. KARANDIKAR SHRIV. K. MAHAJAN(AhemU/e)
SHRIS. K. KALHAN SHRI K. K. SAXENA (Altemute)

Philips hsdlaLtd,

Mumbtri

Ballarpur

brdustries

Ltd, New Delhi

MohtorCrystal

Glass Works, Ghaziabad

SHRIA. A. KHAN SHRIS. S. SHUKLA(Alternate)

SHRIN. H. MALKAMPATE

Dlrectomte

General QualityAssurance,

Kwtpur

SHRINANDLAL (Alfemufe) SHRID. S. MATHUR

SHIUALOKKUMARMom

Department of Industrial Industry, New Delhi United Breweries Gujamt Guardian

Policy and Promotion,

Ministry

of

Ltd. Bangrdore Ltd, New Delhi

SHRIPRATAP MUHAN(Altemute)
SHRIN. V. PATEL SHRI N. S. PATSL (Alfernure) SHRI 1. V. RAO SHRI D. N. DAVE (Alternate)

Alembic Glass Industries

Ltd. Vadodam

Maruti Udyog Ltd, Gurgaon

REJRF.%mrATrvE REJTu31.NrAlrvs
DR A. P. PM+ALKAR
RJ317SlSt7WATtVE

Research Designs & Standards Orgmrisation (RDSO), Lucknow All India Glass Manufacturers Triveni Glass Ltd, Alkrbabad Development Commissioner, New Delhi Eagle Flask Industries SS1, Ministry of Industry, Federation, New Delhi

Rlm?EsslrrAm
SHRIA. K. ROY SHIN R. N. GUHA (Affernufe) SHIUJ()HAR ,%N(;UIWA SHKIA. G. DHON(iAOE(Alfernute) SHIUA. P. SIN~H SHRI G. C. PANI(iRAHi(Aherrrute) SHRIUMIi$HSINHA SHKI M. J. lSNANI (Alfernure)

(India) Pvt Ltd, Mumbai

Hmymsa Sheet Glass Ltd, Sonepat

National

Buildings

Organisation,

New Delhi

Floatglass

India Ltd, Mumbai

The Mahalakshmi

Glass Works Pvt Ltd, Mumbai

SHk[C. K. SI)MANY
SHIU J. N. KUNDU (Aherrrute) SHkI LAKNIR:R SIN(iH,

Hindusttur National Glass & Industries Ltd, Calcutta

Director General,

BIS (Er-nflicio

Member)

Director

& Head (Chem) Member-Secretary

DR DEVENORA MOHAN

Additional

Director (Chem), BIS

(Continued on page 8)

Is 14900:2000 (Continued from page 7) Float Glass and Other Glass Building
Convener SHRIALOKKUMAR Mum Members SHRIP. K. A~ARWAL SHSU S. K. AOARWAL (Alternate) SHRIS. BHAmACHARYA (Alternate) SHRIT. K. CHATMIUEE SHRIT. K. CHUU~HURI SHR[R. S. DOSH[ SHSO V. R. KULKARNI(Alternate) SHRIO. P. GULATI SHRIATULGULATI(Alternate) SHMS. K. GULATI SHRIS. C. KUMAR(Ahemute) SHRIH. S. GHUSH SHRIS. B. PANOEY(Affemate) SHRiJ. D. HARMAS SHRt V. K. NATH(Alternate) .Wru P. JAYAKuh4ARN SHRI N. K. KAUSHAL (Afremare) DR S. K. KAKWR
SHRI SURESHYAOAV(Aftemate) SHRI P. K. KHERUKA SHRI D. K. GUFFA (Alternate)

Material Subcommittee
Representing Gujmat Guardian

CHD 10:3

Ltd. New Delhi

Hindustan

Safety Glass Works,

Crdcutta

Triveni Gkrss Ltd, Allabrtbad

Htndustan

Motors Ltd, Calcutta Ltd. Mumbai

Premier Automobiles

Atrd Glass India Ltd. New Dc[hl

Glirss Age industries,

New Delhl

Indo Asabi Glass

Works Ltd, Calcutta

Tim Engineering

& Locomotive

Co Ltd, Pune

Director GeneraI of Supplies & Dkpostds,

New Delhi

Development

Commissioner,

SS1, New Delhi

Window Glass Ltd, Bimdel

SHR[K.W. KOH SHRt K. S. LEE (Alternate) SHR[A. K. MAITRA SHRIK. R. MURLI SHRI D. N. DAVE((Altemufe) REIWSNATNE
Rrmuiw4r..I1vE

DCM Daewoo Motors India Ltd, New Delhi

School of Planning & Architecture, Maruti Udyog Ltd, Gurgaon

New Delhi

Chandmlakshmi

Safety

Glass Ltd, New Delhi

General Motors India Ltd, Halol Research Designs and Standrrrds Organisation Lucknow Hirrymm Sheet Glass Ltd, Sonepat (RDSO),

RFrwmrr.xnw

SHRIA. K. ROY SHR[ R. N. GUHA (Ahemute) SHRIP. L. SAFAYA SHR[RAMNEEKVIKAS (Ahemute) SHRIA. P. SIN~H SHR[G. C. PANRiRAHI (Alternate)

Asahi hrdiir Safety Glass Ltd, New De(hi

Float Glass [nd~a Ltd, Mumbai

Bureau

of Indian

Standards of Indian Standards Act, 1986 to promote marking and quality certification of goods

BIS is a statutory institution established under the Bureau harmonious development of the activities of standardization, and attending to connected matters in the country. Copyright

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from Doc : No. CHD 10 (621).

Amendments Amend No.

Issued Since Publication Date of Issue Text Affected

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