Upper South- slave holding states in the upper parts of the south Slavery was prominent but there

there werent as many slaves as in the lower South Less intensive in the upper South than many other states Grew corn, tobacco, wheat; Slavery was not too important in the upper south economically Shorter growing season in the upper south

Lower South Slavery was very dominant and was important economically and socially. More labor intensive crops because of the longer growing season. Crops grown were cotton, sugar, and rice. Slavery imported straight from Caribbean Lower South states immediately favored secession and were the first to secede because of support of slavery. Also there was no opposition political party, just the democrats

Secession South Carolina secedes first after Lincoln wins the election of 1860 (December 20, 1860) MS, FL, AL, GA, LA, and TX seceded afterwards Secession happened because of slavery and white supremacy As a result VA, AR, TN, NC these upper southern states seceded After Fort Sumter, Lincoln called for states still in the union to produce volunteers to put down Union

Some states in the upper south didnt secede immediately because of the political rivalry between various parties like the Whigs and the KnowNothings. Some didnt secede at all.

Harriet Beecher Stowe Born in 1811 in Connecticut Daughter of Lyman Beecher an abolitionist Educated in Hartford Female Academy Taught in Hartford Female Academy and the Western Female Institute in Cincinnati In Cincinnati, she joined a literary club where she met her husband Calvin Ellis Stowe and both got married. Calvin was also antislavery and supported the underground railroad In 1849, her 18-month year old son died of cholera, which helped her understand how it feels to be separated from a child. Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 and the death of her child inspired her to write Uncle Toms Cabin Influenced the abolitionist movement in the north. The book talked about the moral issue against slavery and breaking up families of slaves The book promoted anti-slavery throughout the US and the world.

Frederick Douglass Born a slave in Talbot County, Maryland A woman named Sophia Auld taught Douglass the alphabet Using what he learned, Douglass taught himself how to read and write Believed knowledge was the pathway from slavery to freedom After being discovered that he was literate, he was sent to a slave owner named Edward Covey who whipped Douglass a lot. Eventually was sent to Baltimore to work in the shipyards but his wages went to his master instead of him He fell in love with a free black woman named Anna Murray from Baltimore in 1837. On September 3, 1838, Douglass escaped by boarding a train to Maryland dressed in a sailors uniform Became a prominent black spokesman against slavery abolitionist travelling and spoke about slavery in different places His famous 4th of July speech outlined the reason why blacks shouldnt celebrate the 4th because after independence the slaves werent free

David Farragut Despite being born in Tennessee, served in the Union Flag Officer in the US Navy for the Union First admiral in the US Navys history Started out as a cabin boy in the War of 1812 He commanded the Unions brownwater navy, which had gunships that helped the union conquer the South Most famous for the Union victory at the Battle of Mobile Bay on August 5, 1864 (damn the torpedos full speed ahead) Helped captured New Orleans with the rank Flag Officer and was promoted to rear admiral after the capture of New Orleans. and Captured Memphis in June 1862 and many places within the confederate river areas

Alexander Stephens Unionist from Georgia, didnt favor secession until Georgia seceded Was elected into the House of Representatives in 1843 Pro-slavery, supported states rights, backed the Whig partys nationalist program, and favored the annexation of slavery The most brilliant mind the South produced Newly elected Vice President of the Confederacy on March 21, 1861 One of his most famous speeches was his Cornerstone Speech o It outlined the purpose of the confederacy and what it is about o Talked about how declaration of independence was flawed and fundamentally wrong about the equality of races. o Talked about slavery and how it should be continued o Argued that the civil war wasnt caused by slavery but by states rights

Millard Filmore Vice president to Taylor and became president in 1850 after Taylors death Whig Favored colonization and the sending of blacks back to Africa Favored the Henry Clays compromise of 1850 Significant (most famous) for signing the compromise of 1850 and gets blamed for the fugitive slave act The compromise divided the Whigs and resulted in many whigs in the north refusing to support the reelection of Filmore. After whigs didnt re-nominate him in 1852 because he lost the nomination to Winfield Scott. He ran for president for the KnowNothing party. Helped split the vote between Fremont, the first republican presidential candidate, and himself, which allowed Buchannan to win The Fugitive Slave Act helped the north feel more angry at the public opinion of slavery