POL12: Politics of the international economy 2013-14 Paper organiser: Helen Thompson het20@cam.ac.

uk Lecturers for the paper: Helen Thompson and Andrew Gamble The most severe constraint on modern politics and the most lamented enemy of many politicians is the international economy. Capital flows over state borders can derail a government's economic policy and wreck its political credibility. Changes in the prices at which goods are traded across state borders, sometimes brought about by governments themselves, can cause economic crises and precipitate political disasters. By joining a monetary union or adopting another state's currency, states commit themselves to economic policies that deprive them of the kinds of political authority and power and a rhetorical language in which to describe modern politics that most have long taken for granted. But the international economy also creates political opportunities too that can decisively turn a country's politics. The flow of long-term capital into a state and access to foreign trade markets can help poorer countries to develop economically and strengthen a state's authority. As a constraint or as an opportunity, the international economy shapes much of modern politics in ways that the language of economics obscures. This paper looks at the politics of states that arise in relation to the international economy. It considers the political opportunities and the political constraints that participation in different kinds of international economies create for politicians and bureaucrats in very different circumstances. It tries to put today's debates about the nature of the international economy and its implications for modern politics in a historical context and to use that historical understanding of both the arguments about economic life and the decisions governments have made about how to deal with international economic questions to illuminate different aspects of the domestic and international politics of a wide range of modern nation-states today. It considers examples of rich and poor states and the politics between them. It moves from the politics of the European Union to the political fall-out from financial crises of East Asia and Argentina, from the experience of developing countries in the World Trade Organisation to the international politics of the post-cold war world, the rise of China and the financial crisis. The paper is divided into five sections. The first section begins with a lecture on the modern state followed by two lectures on the liberal and nationalist arguments that were first deployed in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries to explain the impact of international economic exchange on modern political life. Sections two traces the development of the domestic politics of modern nation-states in the context of the international economy from the economic and political crises precipitated in Europe by the First World War through to the present, concentrating on changes in the international financial order. They give a general overview and consider the politics of particular places at particular times. They explain why a particular kind of international economy was created after the Second World War and why that economy broke down in the 1970s, and they conclude by looking at the consequences in different parts of the world of open capital flows over the last two decades. Section three considers the nature of international economic competition and interdependence from the end of the cold war to the 2008 financial crisis. It does so in the context of the rise of China over the last decade as a major economic power. Section four draws some conclusions about the future of modern nation-states as individual sites of authority and power, including in relation to present sovereign debt crisis. The final section examines the present eurozone crisis in detail. The particular questions considered in this course about the politics of modern nation-states and the international economy raise many general issues about politics and political explanation: how to think about the authority and power of modern states; the role of fortune and circumstances in political success and failure; the nature of political judgement; the possibilities of transcending power in relations between states. Thinking about these conceptual issues in a particular setting will help those of you taking the Politics Part II scheme to think through the kind of questions that you are asked to write about in Pol13.

Lecture list, reading and essay questions All lectures (sections 1-4) will be given by Helen Thompson and classes (section 5) by Andrew Gamble. Section I: the arguments 1. The modern state 2. The liberal international economy: practice and arguments 3. The nationalist reaction: practice and arguments Section II: from the inter-war crisis to financial liberalisation 4. The politics of the inter-war years 5 The Bretton Woods settlement I 6.The Bretton Woods settlement II 7. The collapse of Bretton Woods 8. The politics of financial liberalisation 1976-1989: western Europe 9. The EU's monetary union 10. Financial liberalisation and the south 11. Latin America and the consequences of the debt crisis 12. The Asian financial crisis Section III: International economic competition and interdependence since the end of the cold war 13 Trade: the WTO and the protectionist backlash 14 The rise of China 15 The politics of energy 16 The balance of financial terror 17 The financial crisis 2008 Section IV: The future of modern states 18 The economic discretion of the state 19 The re-rise of finance and the politics of distribution 20 The sovereign debt crisis and the modern democratic nation-state Section V: The Euro-zone crisis Essay-writing Choosing essays You are expected to write six essays for this paper. The first essay will be on the arguments about trade and the second on the creation of Bretton Woods. Thereafter, you can choose four more essays from any of the sections although you are advised not to do more than two of the rise of China, the politics of energy, and the balance of financial terror. For essays in which you are thinking about specific examples, you should try to read some of the general reading as well as that about the particular case/s you choose.

Reading In addition to the SPS library and the UL, you will be able to find some of the reading listed in the libraries of History, Economics, AMES and African Studies. Many of the journal articles are available electronically via the University Library: http://camsfx.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/cambridge/az 2

Writing essays You should be spending a third of your time during the Michaelmas and Lent terms on this paper. This leaves you about 4-5 days to write any essay for this paper. You are expected to use this time and essays will be marked on the assumption that you have this amount of time to give to the paper. Essays should be at least 2000 words. There is no upper word limit. Essays should be word-processed, double-spaced, paginated, and include a bibliography and references for citations and quotations. They should be proof read before you submit them. Writing clearly, accurately and precisely is very important, and you cant wr ite a good essay without paying attention to these matters: linguistic precision is a necessary condition of a clear and persuasive argument. If you are having difficulty with punctuation or structuring sentences take a look at: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/

Plagiarism Plagiarism is unacceptable and will not be tolerated . Any student found plagiarising supervising essays (copying from books or the internet, buying essays from the internet, or taking essays from another students) shall be reported to his or her college. Anybody caught plagiarising in the examination will be reported to the University Proctors to begin a disciplinary investigation. Students are expected to have read the Facultys statement on plagiarism.

Reading list General Helen Thompson, Might, right, prosperity and consent: representative democracy and the international economy (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2009). Jeffry A. Frieden, The fall and rise of global capitalism (New York: W.W. Norton, 2006). Eric Helleiner, States and the re-emergence of global finance (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1994) Robert Gilpin, The challenge of global capitalism: the world economy in the twentieth century (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2002). Patrick Karl OBrien The Pax Britannica and American hegemony: precedent, antecedent or just another History? in Patrick Karl OBrien and Armand Clesse, Two hegemonies: Britain 1846-1914 and the United States 1941-2001, (Ashgate: Aldershot, 2002), pp. 3-64. A Walter, World power and world money: the role of hegemony and international monetary order, London: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1993) P. Langley, World financial orders: an historical international political economy, (London: Routledge, 2002). 1. The modern state F.H. Hinsley, Sovereignty (London: C.A. Watts, 1966). Helen Thompson, Might, right, prosperity and consent: representative democracy and the international economy (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2009), ch. 1.

Crawford Young and Thomas Turner, The rise and decline of the Zairian state (Madison: University of Wisconsin, 1985), pp. 8-46. Quentin Skinner, The state, in Political innovation and conceptual change , ed. Terence Ball, James Farr, and Russell Hanson (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989), 90-131.. Christopher W. Morris, An essay on the modern state (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998), ch. 2. Stephen Krasner, Sovereignty: organised hypocrisy (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999). The modern state and economic questions Joseph Schumpeter, The crisis of the tax state http://www.scribd.com/doc/36871535/Schumpeter-The-Crisis-of-the-Tax-State Gabriel Ardant, Financial policy and economic infrastructure of modern states and nations, in The formation of national states in western Europe, ed. Charles Tilly (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1975), 164-242. Istvan Hont, Free trade and the economic limits to national politics: neo -Machiavellian political economy reconsidered, in The economic limits to modern politics, ed. John Dunn (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990), 41-120. The modern democratic nation-state Helen Thompson, Might, right, prosperity and consent: representative democracy and the international economy (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2009), ch. 1. Benedict Anderson, Imagined communities: reflections on the spread and origin of nationalism, second edition (London: Verso, 1991). John Dunn, Conclusions, in Democracy: the unfinished journey 508 BC to AD 1993 , ed. John Dunn (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993), 239-266. Eric Hobsbawm, Nations and nationalism since 1780: programme, myth, reality, Canto (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992). John Dunn, How democracies succeed, Economy and Society 24 (1996): 511-28. Lord Acton, Nationality, in The history of freedom and other essays (London: Macmillan, 1907). J. Breuilly, Nationalism and the state, Second ed. (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1993). The modern democratic nation-state and money Frank van Dun, National sovereignty and international monetary regimes, in Money and the nation-state: the financial revolution, government and the world monetary system , ed. Kevin Dowd and Richard H. Timberlake Jr (London: Transaction Publishers, 1998), 47-76. Emily Gilbert and Eric Helleiner, eds., Nation-states and money: the past, present and future of national currencies (London: Routledge, 1999). No essay. This lecture covers the historical background to the periods covered in the paper

2-3 The international economy: the arguments 18th-early 20th century Europe Adam Smith, An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993), vol 4, chs 2, 3, 7, 8. David Hume, Of commerce, in Political essays, ed. Knud Haakonssen (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994), 93-104. David Hume, Of the balance of trade, in Political essays, ed. Knud Haakonssen (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994), 136-149. David Hume, Of the jealousy of trade, in Political essays, ed. Knud Haakonssen (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994), 150-153. 4

 Max Weber, The nation-state and economic policy, in Weber: political writings, ed. Peter Lassman and Ronald Speirs (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994), 1-28. John Maynard Keynes, National self-sufficiency, Yale Review 22, no. 4 (1933): 755-769. Friedrich List, The national system of political economy (New York: Longmans, Green, 1904), theory: ch.5. Commentary on the politics of trade arguments from the 18th to early 20th century Jeffry A. Frieden, The fall and rise of global capitalism (New York: W.W. Norton, 2006), ch. 2 and ch.5 Commentary on free trade arguments from the 18th to early 20th century Europe Istvan Hont, Jealousy of trade (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2005), Introduction. Istvan Hont and Michael Ignatieff, eds., Wealth and virtue: the shaping of political economy in the Scottish Enlightenment (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983). Sally Razeen, Classical liberalism and international economic order: studies in theory and intellectual history (London: Routledge, 1998) ch.3. Bernard Semmel, The rise of free trade imperialism: classical political economy, the empire of free trade, and imperialism, 1750-1850 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1970). A C Howe, Free trade and the Victorians in A.J. Marrison (ed.) Free trade and its reception 18151960, (London: Routledge, 1998). Commentary on nationalist arguments David Beetham, Max Weber and the theory of politics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985), ch.5. Alexander Gershenkron, Economic backwardness in historical perspective (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1966). Joseph Schumpeter, A history of economic thought (London: Allen and Unwin, 1986), part IV, chs 2 and 4. Edward Mead Earle, Adam Smith, Alexander Hamilton, Friedrich List: the ec onomic foundations of military power, in Peter Paret (ed.) Makers of modern strategy from Machiavelli to the nuclear age, (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986), pp. 217-61. 18th century America Thomas Jefferson, The present state of manufactures, commerce, interior and external trade? in Jefferson writings: Notes on the state of Virginia , (New York: The Library of America, 1984, 290291.) Alexander Hamilton, Report on the subject of manufactures, in The works of Alexander Hamilton, volume 4, ed. Henry Cabot-Lodge (New York: The Knickerbocker Press, 1903), 70-198. Commentary on the American debate Drew McCoy, The elusive republic political economy in Jeffersonian America , (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press). Doron S. Ben Atar, Alexander Hamiltons alternative: technology piracy and the report on manufactures in Doron S. Ben-Atar and Barbara B. Oberg (eds.) The federalists reconsidered, (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press). J.G.A Pocock, Virtue and commerce in the eighteenth century Journal of Interdisciplinary History, vol 111, 1972-73. Jerald A. Combs, The Jay treaty: the political battleground of the founding father s (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1970).

Twentieth century arguments

For free trade Douglas Irwin, Free trade under fire, third edition (Princeton: Princeton University Press 2009). Paul Krugman, Pop internationalism (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1997), chs. 4 and 5. Jagdish Bhagwati, In defence of globalization: how the new world economy is helping rich and poor alike revised edition (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007). Martin Wolf, Why globalization works, (New Haven; Yale University Press, 2004) David Smith, Offshoring: political myths and economic reality, The World Economy, vol 29, no 3, pp. 249-256. Deepak Lal, Reviving the invisible hand: the case for classical liberalism in the 21st century , (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2006). John Micklethwait and Adrian Woolridge, A future perfect: the challenge and hidden promise of globalisation (London: Heinemann, 2000). Sceptical about free trade in itself or as a rhetoric in the world Ha-Choon Chang, Bad Samaritans: the myth of free trade and the secret history of capitalism (London: Bloomsbury Press, 2007). Ian Fletcher, Free trade doesnt work (US Business and Industry Council 211). Dani Rodrik, The globalisation paradox: why global markets, states and democracy cant exist (Oxford: Oxford University Press 2011). F Abbott et al, (eds) International trade and human rights: foundations and conceptual issues (Ann Arbour: University of Michigan Press, 2006). Oxfam International, Rigged rules and double standards: trade, globalisation and the fight against poverty (Oxford: Oxfam, 2002). Roberto Unger, Free trade reimagined: the world division of labour and the method of economics (Princeton: Princeton University Press). Alan Tonelson Race to the bottom: why a worldwide surplus of workers and uncontrolled free trade are sinking American living standards (Boulder: Westview Press, 2000) Philippe Legrain, Open world: the truth about globalisation, (London: Abacus, 2002). R. Prebisch, Five stages in my thinking on development in GM Meir and D Seers, (eds.), Pioneers in development (New York, Oxford University Press, 1984). Laura Reynolds, Douglas Murray and John Wilkinson, Fair trade: the challenges of transforming globalisation (London: Routledge, 2007). Commentary on protectionist arguments Eric Helleiner and Andrea Pickel, Economic nationalism in a globalising world (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2005) Robert Gilpin, The political economy of international relations (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1987). J. Bhagwati, Protectionism (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1988) T.E. Gregory, Economic nationalism, International Affairs, vol 10, 1931, pp. 289-306. Takeshi Nakano, Theorising economic nationalism, Nations and Nationalism, vol. 10, 2004, pp. 211-29. Essays On what kind of politics do the arguments for free trade rest? Are there good arguments against free trade? In answering one of these questions, you need to look at both liberal and protectionist arguments. You can choose to concentrate on the arguments in any of the different periods although you must read Smith and Weber whichever as you choose as they set the general arguments out most forcefully. For the earlier arguments, the reading is divided between the original theorists and commentary and analysis of them.

4. The politics of the inter-war years Helen Thompson, Might, right, prosperity and consent: representative democracy and the international economy 1919-2001 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2009), ch. 2. Barry Eichengreen, Globalizing capital: a history of the international monetary system, second edition (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2008), ch.3. John Maynard Keynes, The economic consequences of the peace (London: Macmillan, 1919), chs 1-6. Charles Feinstein, Peter Temen, and Gianni Toniolo, The European economy between the wars (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997), chs. 2, 3,5, 6, 8, 10. Andrew Britton, Monetary regimes of the twentieth century (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001), chs2-3. Jeffry A. Frieden, The fall and rise of global capitalism (New York: W.W. Norton, 2006), chs. 6 and 8. Liaquat Ahamed, Currency wars then and now Foreign Affairs, March/April 2011 vol 90 no 2. Charles S. Maier, Recasting bourgeois Europe: stabilisation in France, Germany and Italy in the decade after World War I (Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice-Hall, 1975), conclusions. Harald James, The end of globalisation: lessons from the Great Depression , (Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press, 2002). A. Walter, World power and world money: the role of hegemony and international monetary order, (London: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1993). Ian Clark, Globalisation and fragmentation: international relations in the twentieth century (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997), ch.4. Charles Kindleberger, The world in depression 1929-1939 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1973). Karl Polanyi, The great transformation: the political and economic origins of our times (Boston: Beacon Press, 1944), chs 2, 19, 20. Beth Simmons, Who adjusts?: domestic sources of foreign economic policy during the interwar years (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994), ch.2. Charles Kindleberger, The world in depression 1929-1939 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1975). F. Costigliola, Awkward dominion: American political and cultural relations with Europe, 19191933, (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1984). Beth Simmons, Rulers of the game: central bank independence during the interwar years , International Organization vol. 50 no 3, 1996: 407-443. T Notermans, Money markets and the state; social democratic economic policies since 1918 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000), ch. 3. Essays How far did the openness of the international economy during the 1920s contribute to the difficulties of representative democracy in Europe during the inter-war years? Why did governments find it so difficult to sustain an open international economy during the interwar years?

5-6 The Bretton Woods settlement Eric Helleiner, States and the re-emergence of global finance: from Bretton Woods to the 1990s (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1994), part I. Barry Eichengreen, Globalizing capital: a history of the international monetary system (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1998), ch.4. Robert A. Pollard, Economic security and the origins of the cold war (New York: Columbia University Press, 1985), chs 1-2, 4, 7-8

 Andrew Britton, Monetary regimes of the twentieth century (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001), chs 4-5. Robert Gilpin, The rise of American hegemony in Patrick Karl OBrien and Armand Clesse (eds.), Two hegemonies: Britain 1846-1914 and the United States 1941-2001, (Ashgate: Aldershot, 2002), pp. 165-182. Helen Thompson, Might, right, prosperity and consent: representative democracy and the international economy (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2009), ch. 3. Jeffry A. Frieden, The fall and rise of global capitalism (New York: W.W. Norton, 2006), ch. 11. Benn Steil, The battle of Bretton Woods (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2013). Donald Markwell (ed.) John Maynard Keynes and international relations; economic paths to war and peace (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006), ch. 6. Harold James International monetary cooperation since Bretton Woods (New York: Oxford University Press 1996) ch.1-3. A Walter, World power and world money: the role of hegemony and international monetary order, London: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1993). Robert Skidelsky, John Maynard Keynes: volume three, fighting for Britain 1937-1946 (London: Macmillan, 2000), chs 6-7, 9-10. Robert Skidelsky, Keynes road to Bretton Woods: an essay in interpretation in Marc Flandreau, Carl-Ludwig Holtfrerich and Harold James International financial history in the twentieth century: system and anarchy, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003), 123-151. Ian Clark, Globalisation and fragmentation: international relations in the twentieth century (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997), ch.6. Barry Eichengreen and Peter B. Kenen, Managing the world economy under the Bretton Woods system: an overview, in Peter B. Kenen (ed.) Managing the world economy under the Bretton Woods system: an overview, (Washington DC: Institute for International Economics, 1994), 3-57. Richard Gardner, Sterling-dollar diplomacy in current perspective: the origins and prospects of our international order (New York: Columbia University Press, 1980). Charles Maier, The politics of productivity: foundations of American international economic policy after World War II, in Between power and plenty: the foreign economic policies of advanced industrial states Peter Katzenstein (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1978), 23-59. John Ruggie, International regimes, transactions and change: embedded liberalism in the post war economic order, International Organisation 36 (1982): 379-415. Salvatore Pitruzello, Trade, globalisation, economic performance and social protection: 19 th century British laissez-faire and post World War II US embedded liberalism, International Organisation, vol 58, 2004, pp. 705-744. Michael Bordo, The Bretton Woods international monetary system: a historical overview, in Michael D. Bordo and Anna J. Schwartz (eds.), A retrospective on Bretton Woods system: lessons for international monetary reform (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993), pp. 3-98. John Ikenberry, A world economy restored: expert consensus and the Anglo -American post-war settlement, International Organization vol 46, no 1, 1982: 289-321. Jay Culbert Wartime Anglo-American talks and the making of the GATT, The World Economy, vol10, no 4 (1987). Georg Schild, Bretton Woods and Dumbarton Oaks: American economic and political planning in the summer of 1944 (Macmillan, 1995). S. Newton, , A Visionary Hope Frustrated: J.M. Keynes and the Origins of the Post -War International Monetary Order, Diplomacy and Statecraft, 11 (1), 2000 pp. 189210. Essays What motivated the Bretton Woods settlement? What did the architects of Bretton Woods learn from the inter-war years?

7. The collapse of Bretton Woods Eric Helleiner, States and the re-emergence of global finance: from Bretton Woods to the 1990s (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1994), part II. Barry Eichengreen, Globalising capital: a history of the international monetary system (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1998), pp. 128-145. Robert Gilpin, Economic change and the challenge of uncertainty, in East Asia in transition: towards a new regional order, ed. Robert Ross (London: M.E. Sharpe, 1995), 3-20. Andrew Britton, Monetary regimes of the twentieth century, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001), chs. 6-8. Stephen Krasner, United States commercial and monetary policy: unravelling the paradox of external strength and internal weakness, in Between power and plenty: foreign economic policies of advanced industrial states in Peter Katzenstein , (ed.) (Madison: Wisconsin University Press, 1978), pp. 51-87. Jeffry A. Frieden, The fall and rise of global capitalism (New York: W.W. Norton, 2006), ch.15 Helen Thompson, Might, right, prosperity and consent: representative democracy and the international economy (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2009), pp. 131-151. Nigel Bowles, Nixons business: authority and power in presidential politics (Texas A and M University Press, 2005). Harold James, International monetary co-operation since Bretton Woods (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996). A. Walter, World power and world money: the role of hegemony and international monetary order, (London: Harverster Wheatsheaf, 1993). F. Block, The origins of international economic disorder (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1977). Joanne Gowa, Closing the gold window: domestic politics and the end of Bretton Woods (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1983), ch.3. Benjamin Cohen, Balance of payments financing: evolution of a regime, International Organisation 1982, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 457-78. F. Schurmann, The grand design: the foreign politics of Richard Nixon (Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, University of California, 1987). Susan Strange, International monetary relations, vol 2 of International monetary relations of the western world 1959-1971, ed. Andrew Shonfield (London: Oxford University Press, 1976), ch.2. Henry Kissinger, White House years (London: Phoenix Press, 1979), 949-967. David Calleo, The imperious economy (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1982). Robert Triffin, Gold and the dollar crisis: yesterday and tomorrow (Princeton, Princeton University 1978). Francis Gavin, Gold, dollars and power: the politics of international monetary relations, (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2004). Essay: Was the demise of Bretton Woods inevitable? 8. The politics of financial liberalisation: western Europe For a general interview of the implications of financial liberalisation Barry Eichengreen, Globalising capital: a history of the international monetary system (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1998), pp. 145-170. Robert Elgie and Helen Thompson, The politics of central banks (London: Routledge, 1998), ch. 7. Jeffry Frieden, Invested interests: the politics of national economic policies in a world of global finance, International Organisation 45, no. 4 (1991). Jeffry A. Frieden, The fall and rise of global capitalism (New York: W.W. Norton, 2006), ch.12 T Notermans, Money markets and the state; social democratic economic policies since 1918 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000), ch. 5. 9

On the international politics of exchange rates David Calleo, Beyond American hegemony (New York: Basic, 1987). Y. Funabashi, Managing the dollar: from the Plaza to the Louvre , Second ed. (Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics, 1989). France The Mitterrand experiment Peter Hall, Governing the economy: the politics of state intervention in Britain and France (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1986). A. Lipietz, Governing the economy in the face of international challenge: from national developmentalism to national crisis, in James F Hollifield and George Ross (eds.) Searching for the new France, (London: Routledge, 1991). George Ross, Stanley Hoffman, and Sylvia Malzacher, The Mitterrand experiment: continuity and change in modern France (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1987). The 1990s and 2000s prior to the financial crisis Ben Clift, French socialism in a global era (London: Continuum, 2003). Timothy Smith, France in crisis: welfare, inequality and globalisation since 1980 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004). D. Culpepper, Peter A. Hall and Bruno Palier, Changing France: the politics that markets make, (London: Palgrave, 2006). George Ross, Monetary integration and the French model in Andrew Martin and George Ross (eds.), Euros and Europeans (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). Dick Howard The French strikes of 1995 and their political aftermath, Government and Opposition, 33 (2), 1998, pp. 199-220. Ben Clift, Social democracy and globalisation: France and the UK, Government and Opposition, vol 37, 466-500. Ben Clift, The new political economy of dirigisme: French macro-economic policy, unrepentant sinning and the Stability and Growth Pact, British Journal of Politics and International Relations, vol 8, no 3 (2006): 351-367. Helen Thompson, Might, right, prosperity and consent: representative democracy and the international economy (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2009), pp. 201-206.

Germany On Germanys difficulties in the 1990s Rebecca Harding and William E. Paterson, (eds.), The future of the German economy: an end to the miracle? (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2000). Rebecca Harding, Standort Deutschland in the globalising economy: an end to the economic miracle?, German Politics vol 8, no. 1 (1999), pp. 66-88. Linda Weiss, The myth of the powerless state: governing the economy in a global era (Cambridge: Polity, 1999), ch. 5. Herbert Giersch, Karl-Heinz Paqu, and Holger Schmiedling, The fading miracle: four decades of market economy in Germany (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992). Richard van der Wurff, Neo-liberalism in Germany, in Restructuring hegemony in the global political economy: the rise of transnational neo-liberalism in the 1980s, ed. Henk Overbeek (London: Routledge, 1993), 162-87. R. Henning, Currencies and politics in the United States, Germany and Japan (Washington DC: Institute for International Economics, 1994). On Germanys reforms 2000-2005

10

Wolfgang Streeck, Re-forming capitalism: institutional change in the German political economy (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009). Kenneth Dyson, Economic policy management in Simon Green and William E. Paterson (eds.) Governance in contemporary Germany (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005) Nico Siegel, EMU and German welfare capitalism in Andrew Martin and George Ross (eds.), Euros and Europeans (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004). Andreas Busch, Globalisation and national varieties of capitalism: a motor for economic reform , German Politics, vol 14 no 2, 2005. Wolfgang Streeck, Christine Trampusch, Economic reform and the political econom y of the German welfare state, German Politics, vol 14 no 2 2005. Richard Deeg, The comeback of Modell Deustchland? The new German political economy in the European Union, German Politics, vol 14 no 3, 2005. 332-353. William Patterson, Does Germany still have a European vocation? German Politics, vol 19, no 1, 2010. Italy Marcello De Cecco, Italys dysfunctional political economy, West European Politics, vol 30 no 4, 2007. Donald Sassoon, Contemporary Italy: politics, economics and society (London: Longman, 1996), ch. 4-5. Paul Ginsborg, Italy and its discontents: family, civil society, state 1980-2001 (London: Allen Lane, 2002). Vincent Della Sala, Maastricht to modernisation: EMU and the Italian social state, in Andrew Martin and George Ross (eds.), Euros and Europeans (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). Helen Thompson, Might, right, prosperity and consent: representative democracy and the international economy (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2009), pp. 156-8, 169-171, 206-11. Bill Emmot, Good Italy, bad Italy: why Italy must conquer its demons to face the future (New Haven, Yale University Press, 2012). Essay: What were the political consequences of financial liberalisation in western Europe prior to the financial crisis? Discuss with reference to the politics of at least one state. 9. The EU's monetary union On the creation of monetary union Daniel Gros and Niels Thygesen, European monetary integration from the European monetary system to the European monetary union, second ed. (London: Longman, 1997). Otmar Issing, The birth of the euro (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008). Barry Eichengreen, Globalising capital: a history of the international monetary system (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1998), pp. 152-181. Barry Eichengreen and Jeffry Frieden, The political economy of European monetary unification , second edition (Oxford: Westview, 2000). Andrew Moravcsik, The choice for Europe: social purpose and state power from Messina to Maastricht (London: UCL Press, 1999), ch.6. Loukas Tsoukalis, The new European economy revisited, Third ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997), chs 7-8. David Marsh, The euro: the battle for the new global currency (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009) chs 3-6. C. Randall Henning, Systemic conflict and regional monetary integration: the case of Europe, International Organization 52, 3, 1998, pp. 537-573. Harald James, Making the European monetary union (Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press, 2012) chs 6-8.

11

Carlo Altomante and Mario Nava, Economics and policies of an enlarged Europe (London: Routledge (London: Edward Elgar, 2006), ch. 4. Wayne Sandholtz, Choosing union: monetary politics and Maastricht, International Organisation 41, 1, 1993, pp. 1-40. Kenneth Dyson and Kevin Featherstone, The road to Maastricht (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999). Thomas Pederson, Germany, France and the integration of Europe: a realist interpretation (London: Continuum, 1998). Paul de Grauwe, The economics of monetary union, ninth edition (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012). On the consequences and politics of monetary union before the euros sovereign debt crisis David Marsh, The euro: the politics of the new global currency (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2010), ch. 7. Kenneth Dyson (ed.), The Euro at ten (Oxford: Oxford University Press). Brendan Brown, The euro crash: the implications of monetary failure in Europe ( Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2010) Kenneth Dyson and M. Marcussen (eds.) Central bank in the age of the euro: Europeanisation, convergence and power (Oxford: Oxford University Press 2009). Niall Ferguson, The cash nexus: money and power in the modern world , (London: Penguin, 2002), pp.332-340. Andrew Martin and George Ross (eds.), Euros and Europeans: monetary integration and the European model of society (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004). Kevin Dowd, The misguided drive toward monetary union, in Money and the nation-state: the financial revolution, government and the world monetary system, ed. Kevin Dowd and Richard H. Timberlake Jr (London: Transaction Publishers, 1998), 351-376. Kenneth Dyson, The politics of the euro-zone (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000). Niall Ferguson and Lawrence J. Kotlikoff, The degeneration of emu, Foreign Affairs 79, no. 2 (2000): 110-121. Tommaso Padoa-Schioppa, The Euro and its central bank (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2004). Paul de Grauwe, The economics of monetary union, 6th edition (New York: Oxford University Press, 2005). James I. Walsh, European monetary integration and domestic politics: Britain, France, and Italy (Boulder/London: Lynne Rienner, 2000). Alan Cafruny and Magnus Ryner, The EMU and the transatlantic and social dimensions of the crisis of the European Union, New Political Economy, vol 12, no 2, 2007. Mark E. Duckenfield, Business and the euro: business groups and the politics of EMU in Germany and the United Kingdom (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006). Paul de Grauwe, The economics of monetary union, ninth edition (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012), ch 9. On issues of sovereignty Robert A. Mundell Monetary unions and the problem of sovereignty Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 579, Exchange Rate Regimes and Capital Flows. (Jan., 2002), pp. 123-152. On the political issues generated by the European Central Bank and the euro David Howarth, and P Loedel. The European Central Bank: the new European Leviathan revised second edition (London: Palgrave, 2005) A. Verdun, The Institutional design of Emu: a democratic deficit? Journal of Public Policy 18, no. 2 (1999): 107-32 Randall Henning, Democratic accountability and the exchange rate policy of the euro area. Review of International Political Economy, 2007, 14, 5, pp. 774-799. Servaas Deroos et al, The legitimation of EMU: lessons from the early years of the euro, Review of International Political Economy, 2007, 14, 5, pp. 800-819. Paul de Grauwe, The economics of monetary union, ninth edition (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012), ch 10. 12

On the Stability and Growth Pact Martin Heipertz and Amy Verdun, Ruling Europe: The Politics of the Stability and Growth Pact (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010). James Savage, and Amy Verdun, Reforming Europes Stability and Growth Pact: l essons from the American experience of macro-budgeting, Review of International Political Economy, 2007. Ben Clift, The new political economy of dirigisme: French macro-economic policy, unrepentant sinning and the stability and growth pact, British Journal of Politics and International Relations, vol 8, no 3 (2006): 351-367. Essays: Why is the EU a monetary union on the terms it is?

10. Liberalisation and the south General ~Nancy Birdsall and Francis Fukuyama, The post-Washington consensus Foreign Affairs March/April 2011. Nicola Phillips, Globalisation and development in John Ravenhill (ed) Global political economy (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011). Dani Rodrik, One economics, many recipes: globalisation, institutions and economic growth (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009). Jeffrey Sachs, The end of poverty: how to make it happen in our lifetime, (London: Penguin, 2005). Jagdish Baghwati, Trading for development: how to assist the poor countries in Mike Moore (ed.) Doha and beyond: the future of the multi-lateral trading system (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004). Martin Wolf, Why globalization works (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2004). Paul Collier, The bottom billion: why the poorest countries are failing and what can be done about it (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006). Jeffry A. Frieden, The fall and rise of global capitalism (New York: W.W. Norton, 2006), ch.18.

William Easterly and Jessica Cohen (eds.) What works in development? (Washington DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2009). Nicola Phillips and Tony Payne, Development, (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2010). Robert Wade, Choking the south, New Left Review, vol 38, March/April 2006. Paul Patrick Streeten, Thinking about development, Raffaele Mattioli Lectures (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995). Andrew Hurrell and Ngaire Woods, (eds.), Inequality, globalisation and world politics (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999). John Toye, Dilemmas of development: reflections on the counter-revolution in development theory and practice, 2d ed. (Oxford: Blackwell, 1993). K. Rogoff 'A development nightmare: why rich nations don't really want poor nations to catch up with them', Foreign Policy (Issue 140), 2004 : 64-65. Openness and developing countries Jay R. Mandle, Globalisation and the poor (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003). Geoffrey Garret, Globalisations missing middle, Foreign Affairs, vol 84, no 6, 2004. Charles Gore, The rise and fall of the Washington consensus as a paradigm for developing countries, World Development 28 (2000): 789804. 13

John Williamson, Democracy and the Washington consensus, World Development 21, 1993, pp. 132936. Economic discretion and developing countries Layna Mosely, Global capital and national governments, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003), ch. 4. Robert Hunter Wade, What strategies are viable for developing countries today?: the WTO and th shrinking of development space, Review of International Political Economy, 2003: vol 10, no 4. The legacy of the 1980s debt crisis William Easterly, 'The lost decades: explaining developing countries' stagnation 1980-1998', World Bank, available at http://www.worldbank.org/research and in Journal of Economic Growth vol 6, no 2, 2001 : 135-157. Michael Bruno, Crisis, stabilisation and adjustment (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990). The international financial institutions and developing countries Sebastian Mallaby, The worlds banker: a story of failed states, financial crises and the wealth and poverty of nations, (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2005). Tony Killick, IMF programmes in developing countries: design and impact (London: Routledge, 1995). Developing countries and financial crises Geoffrey R.D. Underhill, States, markets and governance for emerging market economies, International Affairs, vol 79 no 4 (2003), pp. 755-781. Michael Bleaney, The aftermath of a currency collapse: how different are emerging markets? The World Economy, vol 28 no 1, 2005, pp. 79-89. Singapore Christopher Lingle, Singapore's authoritarian capitalism: Asian values, free market illusions and political dependence (Fairfax, VA: Locke Institute, 1996). Linda Low, The political economy of a city-state: government-made Singapore (Singapore: Oxford University Press, 1998). Garry Rodan, The political economy of Singapore's industrialisation: national state and international capital (London: Macmillan, 1989). Christopher Tremewan, The political economy of social control in Singapore (London: Macmillan, 1994). Garry Rodan (ed.), Singapore (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2001) Lee Kuan Yew, From third world to first (New York: HarperCollins 2011). Hafiz Mirza, Multinationals and the growth of the Singapore economy (London: Routledge 2012). India Sanjay Ruparella et al, Understanding Indias new political economy: a great transformation? (London: Routledge 2011). Stuart Corbridge, India today: economy, politics and society (Cambridge: Polity Press 2012) David Denoon, The economic and strategic rise of China and India: Asian realignments (Basingstoke: Palgrave 2007). S. Corbridge and J. Harriss, Reinventing India: liberalisation, Hindu nationalism and popular democracy (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2001). Rob Jenkins, Democratic politics and economic reform in India (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999). Baldev Raj Nayar, Globalisation and nationalism: the changing balance in India's economic policy (New Delhi: Sage, 2001). Andrew Wyatt (Re)imagining the Indian (Inter)national Economy, New Political Economy, vol 10 no 2, 2005, pp 79-100. 14

Edward Luce, In spite of the gods: the strange rise of modern India (Little, 2006). David Smith, The dragon and the elephant: China and India and the new world order (Profile, 2007). Jeffrey Sachs, The end of poverty: how to make it happen in our lifetime , (London: Penguin, 2005), ch. 9. Mita Sengupta, Making the state change its mind: the IMF, the World Bank, and the politics of Indias market reforms New Political Economy, vol 14, no 2, 2009, pp. 181-210. Rahul Mukherji, Ideas, interests and the tipping point: economic change in India, Review of International Political Economy, vol 20 no 2. 2013 pp. 363-389. Sub-Saharan Africa Vishnu Padayachee, (ed) The political economy of Africa (London: Routledge, 2011) Graham Harrison, Neoliberal Africa: the impact of global social engineering (London: Routledge 2010) Kevin R. Cox and Rohit Negi, The state and the question of development in sub -Saharan Africa Review of African Political Economy, vol 37, no 123, 2010. Christopher Clapham, Africa in the international system: the politics of state survival , (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996). Nicholas van de Walle, African economies and the politics of permanent crisis , (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001). Jeffrey Herbst and Greg Mills, The future of Africa: a new order in sight , (London: Oxford University Press, 2003). Jeffry A. Frieden, The fall and rise of global capitalism (New York: W.W. Norton, 2006), ch.19. William Reno, "The privatisation of sovereignty and the survival of weak states" in Beatrice Hibou(ed.), Privatising the state (London: Hurst and Company Publishers, 2004). Paul Collier, The bottom billion: why the poorest countries are failing and what can be done about it (New York: Oxford University Press, 2007). Peter Kragelund, Knocking on a wide open door: Chinese investments in Africa, Review of African Political Economy vol 32 no 122 December 2009, pp. 479-517. Sylvester Odion Akhaine, Nigeria: politics and the end of oil, Review of African Political Economy, vol 37, no 123, 2010. Jean-Francois Bayart, Stephen Ellis, Beatrice Hibou, The criminalization of the state in Africa (Oxford, James Currey), 1999.

Essays How far is development for poor countries dependent on participating in the international economy? Answer with detailed reference to at least one state. What have been the political consequences of economic liberalisation in developing countries? Answer with detailed reference to at least one state. 11. Latin America and the consequences of the debt crisis The 1980s debt crisis R.N. Cooper, Economic stabilisation and debt in developing countries (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1992). I.M.D. Little et al., Boom, crisis and adjustment: the macroeconomic experience of developing countries (New York: Oxford University Press for the World Bank, 1993). Barry Eichengreen and Peter Lindert (eds.), The international debt crisis in historical perspective (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1989). Miles Kahler, Politics and international debt: explaining the crisis, International Organisation 39 (1985): 357-82.

15

M.P. Karns and K.A. Mingst, eds., The United States and multilateral institutions: patterns of changing instrumentality and influence (Boston: Unwin Hyman, 1990). K. Lissakers, Banks, borrowers, and the establishment: a revisionist account of the international debt crisis (New York: Basic Books, 1991). Latin America after the debt crisis Eul-Soo Pang and Timothy Shaw, The international political economy of transformation in Argentina, Brazil and Chile (Basingtoke: Palgrave, 2002). Paul Krugman, The return of depression economics and the crisis of 2008 (London: Allen Lane, 2008), ch 2. Kurt Weyland, Neoliberalism and democracy in Latin America: a mixed record, in William C. Smith, ed., Latin American Democratic Transformations, 35-52. Oxford: Wiley-

Blackwell.
Kurt Weyland, The politics of market reform in fragile democracies: Argentina, Brazil, Peru and Venezuela (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2002). Jean Grugel and Pia Riggirozzi, Governance after neo-liberalism in Latin America (Basingstoke: Palgrave 2009). Jeffry Frieden, Manuel Pastor, and Michael Tomz, Modern political economy and Latin America: theory and policy (Boulder: Westview Press, 2000). Julie Buxton and Nicola Phillips (ed.) Developments in Latin American political economy (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1999). Julie Buxton and Nicola Phillips, Case studies in Latin American political economy, Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1999). Nicola Phillips, The southern cone model: the political economy of regional capitalist development in Latin America (London: Routledge, 2004). Luiz Bresser Pereira, Economic reforms and economic growth: efficiency and politics in Latin America, in Economic reforms in new democracies: a social democratic approach , ed. Luiz Bresser Pereira, A. Maravall, and Adam Przeworski (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993), 15-76. E. Cardoso and A. Fishlow, eds., Developing country debt and economic performance I: country studies: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Mexico (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1990). M. Pastor, The IMF and Latin America: economic stabilisation and class conflict (Boulder: Westview Press, 1987). P-P Kuczynski, Latin American debt (Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 1988). Stephan Haggard, Robert R. Kaufman, Development, democracy, and welfare States: Latin America, east Asia, and eastern Europe (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2008). Latin Americas left turn Jorge G. Castaneda, Latin Americas left turn, Foreign Affairs, May/ June 2006. Helen Thompson and David Runciman Sovereign debt and private creditors: new legal sanction or the enduring power of states?, New Political Economy vol 11 no 4, 2006. Ian Bremmer, Populist resurgence in Latin America? Survival vol 48 no 2, 2006. Argentina History Roberto Corts Conde, The political economy of Argentina in the twentieth century (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008). The 1990s and the 2001 crisis Paul Blustein, And the money kept rolling in (and out): Wall Street, IMF and the bankrupting of Argentina, (PublicAffairs, 2005). 16

 Michael Mussa, Argentina and the Fund: an anatomy of a policy failure in David Vines and Christophrer L. Gilbert, The IMF and its critics: reform of global financial architecture, pp. 316-362 or Michael Mussa, Argentina and the Fund from triumph to tragedy, (Washington DC: Institute for International Economics, 2002). Martin Feldstein, Argentina's fall, Foreign Affairs 81, no. 2, 2002, pp. 8-15. Dani Rodrik, Reform in Argentina take two, New Republic, 14 January 2002. Eric Helleiner, The strange story of Bush and the Argentine debt crisis, Third World Quarterly 26(6), 2005, pp. 951-969. Guillermo A. Calvo and Ernesto Talvi, Sudden stop, financial factors, and economic collapse in Latin America: learning from Argentina and Chile, in Narcs Serra and Joseph E. Stiglitz, The Washington consensus reconsidered: towards a new global governance (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008). Kurt Weyland, The politics of market reform in fragile democracies: Argentina, Brazil, Peru and Venezuela, (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004) Paul Krugman, The confidence game, New Republic, 5 October 1998. Explaining Argentina's economic collapse, The Economist 2002, 28 February 2002. Dominic Cavallo, Argentina and the IMF during the two Bush administrations, International Finance, 2004, vol 7 no 1, pp. 137-150. Juliana Bambaci, Tamara Saront, Mariano Tommasi, The political econom y of economic reforms in Argentina, Journal of Economic Policy Reform, vol 5, no 2, 2002 pp. 75-88. Post-crisis Pia Riggirozzi, Argentina in Jean Grugel and Pia Riggirozzi, Governance after neo-liberalism in Latin America (Basingstoke: Palgrave 2009). S. Levitsky and M. Murillo, Argentina weathers the storm, Journal of Democracy 11, no. 2 2003, pp. 152-166. Javier Corrales, The politics of Argentinas meltdown, World Policy Journal Fall 2002 http://worldpolicy.org/journal/articles/wpj02-3/corrales.pdf Jean Grugel and Maria Pia Riggirozzi, The return of the state in Argentina , International Affairs, vol 83, no. 1, 2007, 87-107. Paul Lewis, The agony of Argentine capitalism: from Menem to the Kirchners (Praeger 2009). Helen Thompson and David Runciman Sovereign debt and private creditors: new legal sanction or the enduring power of states?, New Political Economy vol 11 no 4, 2006. J. Grugel, J. and Maria P. Riggirozzi, Post-neoliberalism in Latin America: Rebuilding and Reclaiming the State after Crisis, Development and Change, 43(1), 2012, 1-21. Brazil Lael Brainard and Leonardo Martinez (eds), Brazil as an economic superpower? Understanding Brazils changing role in the global economy (Washington DC: Brookings Institution 2009). Riordan Roett, The new Brazil (Washington DC: Brookings Institution 2010), chs 5-9. Ban Cornel, Brazils liberal neo-developmentalism: new paradigm or edited orthodoxy?, Review of International Political Economy, vol 20 no 2. 2013, pp. 298-331. Cardoso administration Kenneth Maxwell, Brazil in meltdown, World Policy Journal, Spring 1999. Amaury de Sousa, Cardoso and the struggle for reform in Brazil, Journal of Democracy 10, no. 3 (1999): 49-63. David Samuels, 'Fiscal straitjacket: the politics of macro-economic reform in Brazil 1995-2002', Journal of Latin American Studies, 2003 vol 35, pp. 545-570. Geisa Maria Rocha, Neo-dependency in Brazil, New Left Review vol. 16, (2002), 5-33; Werner Baer, Illusion of stability: the Brazilian economy under Cardoso, World Development vol 28, no 10, 2000, pp. 1805-1819.

17

Nicola Tingas and Paulo Pereira Miguel, Capital flows and economic policy in Brazil, in Global financial crises and reforms: cases and caveats , ed. B.N.Ghosh (London: Routledge, 2001), 240283. Kurt Weyland, The politics of market reform in fragile democracies: Argentina, Brazil, Peru and Venezuela, (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004) Helen Thompson, Might, right, prosperity and consent, (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2008), chapter five. Lula administration Sean Burges Brazil in Jean Grugel and Pia Riggirozzi, Governance after neo-liberalism in Latin America (Basingstoke: Palgrave 2009). Donald Coes Exchange rate policy, perception of risk and external constrain ts in the Lula administration in Joseph Love and Werner Baer (eds.) Brazil under Lula (Basingstoke: Palgrave 2009). Michael Hall, The labor policies of the Lula administration in Joseph Love and Werner Baer (eds .) Brazil under Lula (Basingstoke: Palgrave 2009). Joseph L Love and Werner Baer, Brazil under Lula: economy, politics and society under the worker President (Basingstoke Palgrave 2009). Brazil as a rising power Andrew Hurrell, Brazil and the New Global Order, Current History, vol. 109 (February) 2010. Lael Brainard and Leonardo Martinez-Diaz, Brazil as an economic superpower?: understanding Brazils changing role in the global economy (Washington DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2009). Essays Why has economic liberalisation proved politically difficult in many Latin America states? Answer with detailed reference to the politics of at least one state. Why have Latin American states proved so prone to financial crisis? Answer with detailed reference to the politics of at least one state. How far is economic openness producing political resistance in Latin America? Answer with detailed reference to the politics of at least one state.

12. The Asian financial crisis and its aftermath Chalmers Johnson, Economic crisis in east Asia: the clash of capitalisms in Ha-Joon Chang, Gabriel Palma, and D. Hugh Whittaker, (eds.), Financial liberalisation and the Asian financial crisis (Palgrave: 2001). Victor Mallet, The trouble with tigers: the rise and fall of southeast Asia (London: HarperCollins, 2000). S. Haggard (ed), The political economy of the Asian financial crisis (Washington DC: Institute for International Economics, 2000). Jagdish Bhagwati, The wind of the hundred days: how Washington mismanaged globalisation (Cambridge: MIT Press, 2001), Part II. Gregory W. Noble and John Ravenhill, eds., The Asian financial crisis and the architecture of global finance (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000). Robert Wade and Frank Veneroso, The Asian crisis: the high debt model versus the Wall StreetTreasury-IMF complex, New Left Review 228 (1998): 3-23. Paul Krugman, The return of depression economics and the crisis of 2008 (London: Allen Lane, 2008), ch 4. Geoffrey Hawthorn, A new Asian dilemma, Cambridge Review of International Affairs XII, no. 1 (1998): 179-189. Paul Krugman, The myth of Asia's miracle, Foreign Affairs 73 (1994): 62-78. 18

Dani Rodrik, The Asian financial crisis and the virtues of democracy, Challenge 42, no. 4, 1999, pp. 44-59. Linda Weiss, State power and the Asian crisis, New Political Economy, vol 4, no. 3, 1999, pp. 317412. Luiz A. Pereira da Silva, The international financial institutions and the political lessons from the Asian crises of 1997-1998, International Social Science Journal, vol 170, December 20001, pp. 551-568. South Korea Bruce Cumings, The Korean crisis and the end of late development, New Left Review 231, 1998, pp. 43-72. P. Demetriades and B. Fattouh, The South Korean financial crisis: competing explanations and policy lessons for financial liberalisation, International Affairs, vol 75, no 4, 1999. Indonesia Hal Hill, The Indonesian political economy, second edition, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000), chs. 2 and 13. Donald K.Emmerson (ed), Indonesia beyond Suharto: polity, economy, society, transition (Armonk, ME Sharpe|). Post-crisis Lowell Dittmer, East Asia in the new era in world politics, World Politics vol. 55, no 1, 2002, pp. 3865. Masuru Yoshitomi, et al. Post-crisis development paradigms in Asia (Tokyo: Asian Development Bank Institute, 2003). A.J. Lukauskas and F.L. Rivera-Batiz (eds), The political economy of the east Asian crisis and its aftermath (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2001). Xavier Furtado Human security and Asias financial Crisis, International Journal, 55 no 3, 2000, pp. 355-75. Aseem Prakash The east Asian crisis and the globalization discourse, Review of International Political Economy, 8 (1) 2001: 119-46. Iain Pirie, The new Korean state, New Political Economy, vol 10, no 1. 27-44. Thomas Kalinowski, Koreas recovery since the 1997/8 financial crisis; the last stage of the developmental state New Political Economy vol 13, no 4, 2008. Barry Eichengreen et al, From miracle to maturity: the growth of the Korean economy (Harvard: Harvard University Press, 2012). Regional co-operation post Asian financial crisis Barry Eichengreen and Duck-Koo Chung, Fostering monetary and financial co-operation in east Asia (World Scientific Press, 2009). D. Webber, Two funerals and a wedding?: the ups and downs of regionalism in east Asia and AsiaPacific after the Asian crisis, The Pacific Review, vol. 14, no. 3, 2001, pp. 341-356. Yung Chunl Park & Yunjong Wang, The Chang Mai initiative and beyond, The World Economy, vol. 28, no. 1, 2005, pp. 91-101; Randall C Henning, East Asian financial co-operation (Institute for International Economics, 2002). P. Bowles, Asia's post-crisis regionalism: bring the state back in, keeping the United States out, Review of International Political Economy, vol. 9, no. 2, 2002. Essay What caused the Asian financial crisis? 13. Trade: the WTO and the protectionist backlash

19

The Doha Round Amrita Narlikar, The ministerial process and power dynamics in the WTO; understanding failure from Seattle to Cancun, New Political Economy, vol 9, no. 3, 2004, pp. 413-428. and Diana Tussie, The G20 at the Cancun ministerial: developing countries and their evolving coalitions in the WTO, World Economy, vol 27, no 7, 2004, pp. 947-966. Andrew Hurrell and Amrita Narlikar, The new politics of confrontation: developing countries at Cancun and beyond, Global Society vol 20 no 4, 2006, Fatoumata Jawara and Aileen Kwa, Behind the scenes at the WTO: the real world of international trade negotiations, (London: Zed, 2004). Thomas A. Hokin, The American nightmare: politics and the fragile WTO (Lanham: Lexington Books, 2003). Kevin Gallagher, Explaining developing country resistance to the Doha round, Review of International Political Economy, vol 15, no 1, 2008. Chris Milner and Wyn Morgan, Agriculture and the Doha Round ((Commonwealth Secretariat, 2005). I. Destler, US Trade Politics During the Doha Round, in Isabel Studer and Carol Wise, Requiem or Revival? The Promise of North American Integration (Brookings Institution Press, 2007).

Susan C. Schwab, After Doha: why the negotiations are doomed and what we should do about it, Foreign Affairs, May/ June 2011 Mike Moore, Doha and beyond: the future of the multilateral trading system, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004). Wyn Grant et al, Agriculture in the new global economy (London: Edward Elgar 2004). Braz Baracuhy, Running into a brick wall: the WTO Doha round, governance gap and global political risk Global Policy, vol 3 no 1, 2012. The international politics of trade from 1986 S. Ostry, The post cold-war trading system: whos on first (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1997). D. Irwin, Free trade under fire, second edition (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2005). Frank Buelens, US trade policy: free trade or fair trade, in Selective engagement: American foreign policy at the turn of the century, ed. M. Leeuen van and A. Venema (Netherlands Atlantic Commission, 1996). J. Finger and Julio J. Nouges, The unbalanced Uruguay Round outcome, World Economy 25, no. 3 (2002). Robert Gilpin, The challenge of global capitalism (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000). Robert Z. Lawrence, International trade policy in the 1990s, http://www.stern.nyu.edu/globalmacro/ Paul Krugman, The uncomfortable truth about NAFTA in Pop Internationalism (Boston: MIT Press, 1997). Edward Mansfield and Helen Milner, Votes, vetoes and the political economy of international trade agreements (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2012). American trade politics I. Destler, American trade politics, fourth edition (Washington DC: Institute for International Economics, 2005). Jose Alvarez, Sweetening the US Legislature: the remarkable success of the sugar lobby, Political Quarterly 76, no. 1 (2005): 92-99.

20

The World Trade Organisation Amrita Narlikar, The World Trade Organisation: a very short introduction , (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005). Amrita Narlikar, Martin Daunton and Robert M. Stern (eds), The Oxford handbook on the World Trade Organisation (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012). Peter Gallagher, The first ten years of the WTO 1995-2005 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005). On its creation: Ernest H. Preeg, Traders in a brave new world (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1995). John Croome, Reshaping the world trading system: a history of the Uruguay Round (Geneva: World Trade Organisation, 1995). On its politics: R. Wilkinson, The World Trade Organisation, New Political Economy, vol. 7, no. 1, March 2002. G. R. Winham, The evolution of the global trade regime in J. Ravenhill (ed.) Global Political Economy, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005), pp. 87-115. R. OBrien and M. Williams, Global political economy: evolution and dynamics , (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2004, chap. 4. Judith Goldstein, The United States and world trade: hegemony by proxy, in Strange power: shaping the parameters of international relations and international political economy , ed. Thomas C. Lawton, James N. Rosenau, and Amy C Verdun (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2000), pp. 249-272. (Availab J. Schott, The WTO after Seattle, in The WTO after Seattle, ed. J. Schott (Washington DC: Institute for International Economics, 2000). Bernard Hoekman and M. Kostecki, The political economy of the world trading system: the WTO and beyond, second edition (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001). Anne O. Krueger, ed., The WTO as an international organisation (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1998). Jim Rolio and L. Alan Winters, Subsidiarity and governance challenges for the WTO: environmental and labour standards World Economy, vol 73, no 4, 2001, pp. 561-76. Saadia M. Pekkanen, Aggressive legalism: the WTO, and Japans emerging trade strategy, World Economy, vol 24 (5), 2001, pp. 707-37 T. N. Srinivasan, Developing countries in the world trading system from GATT 1947 to the 3rd ministerial meeting of the WTO, 1999. World Economy, vol 22 no 8, 1999. Pitou van Dijck, Developing countries and the Doha development agenda (London: Routledge, 2006). On its rules Karen Alter, Resolving or exacerbating disputes?: the WTOs new dispute resolution system, International Affairs, vol. 79 no 4 (2003), pp. 783-800. Kent Jones, Whos afraid of the WTO?, Oxford, Oxford University Press Steve Charnovitz, Rethinking WTO trade sanctions , American Journal of International Law, vol 95, no 4, 2001, pp. 782-832. Kim, H. C. (1999) The WTO dispute settlement mechanism: a primer, Journal of International Economic Law vol 2, no 3, pp. 457-476. Amrita Narlikar, Power and legitimacy: India and the WTO, India and Global Affairs, 2008. Armrita Narlikar, Fairness in international trade negotiations The World Economy, vol 29 no 8, 2006. The case against free trade and the WTO: labour standards and the environment Graham Dunkerley, The free trade adventure: the WTO, the Uruguay Round and globalisation, a critique (London: Zed, 1997). Daniel Esly, Greening the GATT: trade, environment and the future (Washington, DC: Institute of International Economics, 1994). Gabrielle Marceau and Peter N. Pederson, Is the WTO open and transparent?, Journal of World Trade 33, no. 1 1999, pp. 5-49. 21

Jog Mazur, Labour's new internationalism, Foreign Affairs 79, no. 1, 2000, pp. 79-93. Jagdish Bhagwati, Free trade, fairness and the new protectionism: reflections on an agenda for the WTO, (London: Institute of Economic Affairs, 1995)

Essays: Why has multilateral trade become more politically problematic since the inception of the WTO?

14: The rise of China C. Fred Bergsten et al, Chinas rise: challenge and opportunities (Peterson Institute for International Economics, 2009). C.Fred Bergsten, Bates Gill, Nicholas R. Lardy and Derek J. Mitchell, The balance sheet China: what the world needs to know about the emerging superpower , Centre for Strategic and International Studies, 2006. James Kynge, China shakes the world: the rise of a hungry nation, London: Phoenix, 2007. David Smith, The dragon and the elephant: China and India and the new world order (Profile, 2007). David Lampton, The three faces of Chinese power: might, money and minds (University of California Press, 2008). David Denoon, The economic and strategic rise of China and India: Asian realignments (Basingstoke: Palgrave 2007). Dani Rodrik Making room for China in the world economy, American Economic Review, Papers and Proceedings, May 2010. World Bank, Multipolarity: the new global economy, global development horizons (Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 2011). Nicholas Lardy, Sustaining Chinas economic growth after the global recession , (Washington DC: The Peterson Institution for International Economics, 2011). Susan Shirk, China: fragile superpower (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008). Nicholas R. Lardy Integrating China into the global economy. (Washington DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2002). Ho-fung Hung, Rise of China and the global overaccumulation crisis Review of International Political Economy, vol 15, no. 2, 2008, pp. 149-179. IMF, 'China's emergence and its impact on the global economy', in ch.2 of World Economic Outlook (April 2004), pp.82-102 OECD, 'China in the world economy: the domestic policy challenges' Synthesis Report OECD, (2002) Eswar Prasad, (ed.), 'China's growth and integration into the world economy: prospects and challenges', IMF Occasional Paper, no. 232 (2004) G. Sen, 'Post-Reform China and the international economy', Economic and Political Weekly, vol 35, no. 11, 2000. Y Huang, Selling China: foreign direct investment during the reform era (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) Jeffrey Sachs, The end of poverty: how to make it happen in our lifetime , (London: Penguin, 2005), ch. 8.

US-China relations David Lampton, Same bed, different dreams: managing US-China relations, 1989-2000 (London: University of California Press, 2001) 22

Nicholas Lardy, China: the great new economic challenge in The United States and the world economy: foreign economic policy for the next decade, ed., C. Fred Bergsten. (Washington: Institute for International Economics, 2005). John J. Mearsheimer, China's unpeaceful rise, Contemporary History, vol. 105, no. 690, April 2006, pp. 160-162. Aaron L. Friedberg, The future of US-China relations: is conflict inevitable? International Security, vol. 30, no. 2, 2005, pp. 745. Elizabeth Economy and Adam Segal, The G-2 mirage: why the United States and China are not ready to upgrade ties, Foreign Affairs, May/June 2009. Charles Glaser, Will Chinas rise lead to war? Foreign Affairs March/April 2011. China and trade Supachai Panitchpakdi, China and the WTO: changing China, changing world trade (Singapore: Wiley and Sons, 2002). Yang Jiang, Chinas pursuit of free trade agreements: Is China exceptional? Review of International Political Economy, 2010 vol 17 no 2 China and East Asia Byung-Joon Ahn, The rise of China and the future of east Asian integration, Asia-Pacific Vol 11 No 2, 2004, pp. 18-35. Shaun Breslin Understanding Chinas regional rise: interpretation, identities and implications International Affairs, July 2009, vol 85 no 4 817-835. Gregory Chin and Richard Stubbs, China, regional -institution building and the China-ASEAN free trade area, Review of International Political Economy 2011, vol 13 no 3, pp. 277-298. Chinas impact on exchange rate issues Brad Setser, Sovereign wealth and sovereign power (New York: Council of Foreign Relations, 2008) http://www.cfr.org/publication/17074 M Dooley, D. Folkerts-Landau & P. Garber, The revived Bretton Woods System: the effects of periphery intervention and reserve management on interest rates & exchange rates in centre countries NBER Working Paper (No. 10332), National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge MA, 2004. (On reserve) Helen Thompson, Debt and power: the United States debt in historical perspective, International Relations, vol 21, no 3, 2007. Morris Goldstein and Nicholas Lardy (eds), Debating Chinas exchange rate policy ( The Peterson Institute for International Economics 2008) China and Africa Chris Alden, China in Africa, (London: Zed Books, 2007) Deborah Brautigam, The dragons gift: the real story of China in Africa (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009) Horace Campbell, China in Africa Third World Quarterly, 29 (1) 2008, pp, 89-105. Sarah Raine, Chinas Africa challenges (London: The International Institute for Strategic Studies, 2009) He Wenping The balancing act of Chinas Africa policy China Security, 3 (3) 2007, pp 23-40. Chinas domestic politics, economy, and the international economy Nicholas Lardy, Chinas unfinished economic revolution (Washington: Brookings Institution, 1998). K.S. Tai, Back-alley banking: private entrepreneurs in China (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2002) Michael J. Webber, Mark Wang and Zhu Ying, eds. China's transition to a global economy (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 2002). Minxin Pei, Chinas trapped transition: the limits of developmental autocracy ( Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2006).

23

Chinas sovereign wealth fund CRS Report to Congress, Chinas sovereign wealth fund, January 2008 http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL34337.pdf Friedrich Wu and Arifin Seah, The rise of China Investment Corporation, World Economics, vol 9, no 2, 2008. China after the financial crisis Wyn Grant and Graham K. Wilson (ed.), The consequences of the global financial crisis: the rhetoric of reform and regulation (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012), ch. 12. Nicholas Lardy, Sustaining Chinas growth after the global financial crisis (Peterson Institute for International Economics 2012). Harald James, International order after the financial crisis. International Affairs, 87 (3) 2011 525-537. A Beijing consensus? Matt Ferchen Whose China model is it anyway?: the contentious search for consensus Review of International Political Economy, vol 20 no 2. 2013, pp. 390-420. Essay: How far has the rise of China changed the politics of the international economy? 15: The politics of energy Brenda Shaffer, Energy politics (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2009). Simon Bromley, The United States and control of world oil, Government and Opposition, vol 40, no. 2. Daniel Moran and James Russell (eds.), Energy security and global politics: the militarisation of resource management (London: Routledge, 2008). Daniel Yergin, Ensuring energy security, Foreign Affairs, vol 85, no 2, 2006, pp. 69-82. Peter Rutland, Russia as an energy superpower, New Political Economy, vol 13, no 2, 2008, pp. 203-210. Vlado Vivoda, Resource nationalism: bargaining and international oil companies: challenges and changes in the new Millenium, New Political Economy, vol 14, no 4, pp. 517-534. Daniel Yergin, The quest: energy, security, and the remaking of the modern world (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 2012). Michael Klare, Blood and oil: the dangers and consequences of Americas growing petroleum dependency (London: Penguin, 2004). Lutz Kleveman, The new great game: blood and oil in Central Asia (New York: Atlantic Books, 2004). David Zweig and Bi Jianhai, Chinas global hunt for energy, Foreign Affairs, September/October 2005. Xu Yi-Chong, Chinas energy security, Australian Journal of International Affairs , vol 60, no 2, 2006, pp. 265-286. Charles Woolfson, Energy and security in the Caucasus, The Slavonic and East European Review , vol 84, no 4, October 2006, pp. 789-790. International Energy Agency, World Energy Outlook, 2011 Gawdat Baghat, Europes energy security: challenges and opportunities, International Affairs, 2006 vol 82 no 5, 961-975. The history of the politics of oil Daniel Yergin, The prize: the epic quest for oil, money and power (Free Press, 1993). The domestic politics of oil-producing states. Terry Karl, The paradox of plenty: oil booms and petro-currency states, (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997)

24

Ran Goel, A bargain born of a paradox: the oil industrys role in American domestic and foreign policy, New Political Economy, vol 9 no 4, 2004. The international politics of oil production Day Harald Claes, The politics of oil-producer co-operation (Boulder: Westview Press, 2001). The geo-politics of American power and oil Zbigniev Brzezinski, The choice: global domination and global leadership (New York: Basic Books, 2004). Shale oil and gas Leonardo Maugeri, Oil: the next revolution Harvard Kennedy School, Belfer Centre Discussion paper #2012-10 http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/files/Oil-%20The%20Next%20Revolution.pdf Amy Jaffe et al, The geopolitics of natural gas Harvard Kennedy School, Belfer Centre Discussion paper http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/publication/22218/geopolitics_of_natural_gas.html Essay: How far does the politics of energy explain international politics today? 17. The balance of financial terror Martin Wolf, Fixing global finance (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009). Brad Setser, China: creditor to the rich, Council on Foreign Relations http://www.cfr.org/publication/18171/china.html Brad Setser, Chinas $1.5 trillion bet: understanding Chinas external portfolio, Council of Foreign Relations, http://www.cfr.org/publication/18149/chinas_15_trillion_bet.html Barry Eichengreen, Exorbitant privilege (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011). Robert Mundell, US and China in the world economy: balance of payments and the balance of power Journal of Policy Modelling, vol 34 no 4, 2012, 525-528. Helen Thompson, China and the mortgaging of America (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2010). Paul Bowles and Baotai Wang, The rocky road ahead; China, the US and the future of the dollar Review of International Political Economy, vol 15, no. 3, pp. 335-353. Daniel W. Drezner Bad debts: assessing Chinas financial influence in great power politics, International Security, vol 34 no 2, 2009. Helen Thompson, Debt and power: the United States debt in historical perspective, International Relations, vol. 21, no 3, 2007. Gregory Chin and Eric Helleiner, China as a creditor: a rising financial power Journal of International Affairs, vol 62, (Fall/Winter 2008), pp. 87-102. Brad Setser, Sovereign wealth and sovereign power (New York: Council of Foreign Relations, 2008) http://www.cfr.org/publication/17074 Neil Hughes, A trade war with China? Foreign Affairs, July/August 2005. David H. Levey and Stuart S. Brown, The overstretch myth, Foreign Affairs, March/April 2005. Michael Mastanduno, System taker and privilege taker: US power and the international political economy World Politics vol 61, no 1, 2009, pp. 121-154. Benjamin Cohen, The International monetary system: diffusion and ambiguity International Affairs, vol 84, no 3, 2008, pp. 455-470. Eric Helleiner and Jonathan Kirshner (eds.), The future of the dollar (Ithaca: Cornell University Press 2009). B. J. Cohen The Yuan Tomorrow? Evaluating China's Currency Internationalization Strategy, New Political Economy, Vol. 17, No. 3 (July 2012).

Essay: Is the balance of financial terror politically sustainable? 25

18. The financial crisis Paul Krugman, The return of depression economics and the crisis of 2008 (London: Allen Lane, 2008), chs 7-10. Andrew Gamble, The spectre at the feast, (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2009). Max W. Corden, The world credit crisis: understanding it, and what to do, World Economy, vol 32, no 3. 2009, pp. 385-400. Gillian Tett, Fools gold (London: Little, Brown, 2010) Roger C. Altman, The great crash 2008: a geo-political setback for the west, Foreign Affairs, January/February 2009. Mark Blythe, Austerity, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013), ch. 2. Herman H. Schwartz, Subprime nation: American power, global capital and the housing bubble (Ithaca: Cornell University Press). Helen Thompson, China and the mortgaging of America (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2010) Helen Thompson, The limits of blaming neo-liberalism: Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and the financial crisis, New Political Economy, 2012 vol. 17 no. 4. pp. 319-419. Gary B. Gorton Slapped by the Invisible Hand: The Panic of 2007 (New York: Oxford University Press, 2010). Robert Wade, Financial regime change New Left Review, 53 (September/October) 2008. Carmen Rinehart & Nouriel Roubini (eds) This Time is Different: Eight Centuries of Financial Folly (Princeton: Princeton University Press). Philippe Legrain, Aftershock: reshaping the world economy after the crisis (Little Brown, 2010). Raghuram Rajan, Fault lines: how hidden fractures still threaten the world economy (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2010). Dan Immergluck, Foreclosed: high risk lending, deregulation, and the undermining of Americas mortgage market (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2009). Hank Paulson, On the brink (London: Headline Publishing Group, 2010) Robert Shiller, The subprime solution: how todays global financial crisis happened and what to do about it (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2008). George Cooper, The origin of financial crises: central banks, credit bubbles and the efficient market fallacy (Harriman House Publishing 2008). Andrew Baker (2010), Restraining Regulatory Capture: Anglo-America, Crisis Politics and Trajectories of Change in Global Financial Governance, International Affairs, 86 (3), pp. 64764. George Akerlof and Robert Shiller, Animal spirits: how human psychology drives the economy and why it matters for global capitalism (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009), postscript to chapter 7. Charles R. Morris, Trillion dollar meltdown (London: PublicAffairs, 2008). Robert Skidelsky, Keynes: the return of the master (London: Allen Lane, 2009, ch. 8. Terence Casey (ed), The legacy of the crash: how the financial crash changed Britain and America (New York: Palgrave 2011). Ewald Engelen at al. After the great complacence: financial crisis and the politics of reform (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011). G.A. Dymski, Why the subprime crisis is different: a Minskyian approach, Cambridge Journal of Economics, 34: 239-55. Daniel McDowell, The US as sovereign international last resort lender New Political Economy vol 17 no 2 2012, pp 157-178. Eric Helleiner, Understanding the 2007-2008 Global Financial Crisis: Lessons for Scholars of International Political Economy? Annual Review of Political Science 14 (2011): 67-87.

26

Essay: Was the financial crisis of 2008 inevitable? 19. Economic discretion: conclusions Colin Hay, Globalizations impact on states in John Ravenhill, Global political economy (ed), (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005). John Ravenhill, Economic interdependence and the global economic crisis in Colin Hay (ed.), New directions in political science (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2010). Helen Thompson The character of the state in Colin Hay (ed). New directions in political science (Basingstoke: Palgrave 2010). Linda Weiss, (ed.) States in the global economy: bringing domestic institutions back in (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003). D. Swank, The effects of globalisation on taxation, institutions and control of the macro economy in D Held and A. McGrew (eds.) The global transformations reader, Cambridge: Polity Press, 2003), pp. 403-420. Ian Bremmer, State capitalism comes of age: the end of the free market?, Foreign Affairs, May/June 2009. Brad Setser, A neo-Westphalian international financial system?, Journal of International Affairs, Fall/Winter 2008, vol 62, no. 1, pp. 17-34. Wyn Grant and Graham K. Wilson (ed.), The consequences of the global financial crisis: the rhetoric of reform and regulation (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012). G. Sorensen, The transformation of the state: beyond the myth of retreat (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2004). Colin Hay and Ben Rosamond, Globalisation, European integration and the discursive construction of economic imperatives, Journal of European Public Policy 9, no. 2, 2002, pp. 147-67. Robert Gilpin, The retreat of the state?, in Strange power: shaping the parameters of international relations and international political economy , ed. Thomas C. Lawton, James N. Rosenau, and Amy C. Verdun (2000). Ethan Kapstein, Governing the global economy: international finance and the state (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1994). Geoffrey Garrett, 'Global markets and national politics: collision course or virtuous circle?' International Organization vol 52, no 4, 1998: 787-824 Layna Mosley, Globalisation and the state: still room to move?, New Political Economy vol 10 no 3, 2005. Samuel Brittan, Essays, moral, political and economic (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1998), ch.6. Robert Gilpin, Global political economy, (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2001). Ngaire Woods, (ed.) The political economy of globalisation (London: Palgrave, 2000). Peter Evans, Embedded autonomy: states and industrial transformation (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1995). Geoffrey Garret, Partisan politics in the global economy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998). David Held et al, Global transformations (Oxford: Polity, 1999). Paul Hirst, Graham Thompson and Simon Bromley, Globalisation in question: the international economy and the possibility of governance , third ed. (Cambridge: Polity, 2009). Sally Razeen, Globalisation and policy response: three perspectives, Government and Opposition vol. 35, no 2, 2000. Layna Mosley, 'Room to move: international financial markets and national welfare states', International Organization (54) 2000: 737-773. Linda Weiss, States in the global economy: bringing domestic institutions back in (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003). Vincent Cable, The diminished nation-state: a study in the loss of economic power, Daedalus 124, no. 2 (1995): 23-53.

27

Peter Evans, The eclipse of the state?: reflections on stateness in an era of globalisation, World Politics 50 (1997), pp. 62-87. Sovereign wealth funds Lyons Gerard, State capitalism: the rise of sovereign wealth funds, Journal of Management Research, 2007, vol 7, no. 3. Stephen Jen, Sovereign wealth funds: what are they and whats happening, World Economics vol. 8, no 4, 2007. Benjamin Cohen, Sovereign wealth funds and national security: the great trade off, International Affairs, July 2009 vol 85, no 4, 713-731. Essay: How much economic discretion do modern states have in the present international economy? 19. The re-rise of finance and the politics of distribution Greta R. Krippner, Capitalising on crisis: the political origins of the rise of finance (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2011). Colin Crouch, The strange non-death of neo-liberalism (Cambridge: Polity 2011). Jacob Hacker and Paul Pierson, Winner-takes-all politics: how Washington made the rich richer and turned its back on the middle class (London: Simon Schuster 2011), parts 1 and 3. Timothy Noah, The great divergence: Americas growing inequality crisis and what we can do about it (London: Bloomsbury Press, 2012), chs 6-10. Joseph Stiglitz, The price of inequality: how todays divided society endangers our future (London: W W Norton, 2012) chs 1,2 and 9. David Stockman, The great deformation: the corruption of American capitalism (PublicAffairs 2013). Charles Kupchan, The democratic malaise Foreign Affairs, Jan/February 2012 91 (1) pp. 62-67. Simon Johnson and James Kwak, Thirteen bankers: Wall Street takeover and the next financial meltdown (London: Pantheon 2010). Nicholas Shaxon, Treasure islands: tax havens and the men who stole the world (London: Vintage 2012). Ferdinand Mount, The new few: or a very British oligarchy (London: Simon and Schuster 2012), parts 1 and 3. 20: The sovereign debt crisis and modern democratic nation-state The present debt crisis Carmen Reinhart and Kenneth Rogoff, This time is different: eight centuries of financial folly (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2012). Phillip Coggan, Paper promises: money, debt, and the new world order, London: Allen Lane, 2011, chs 7-13. McKinzie Global Institute, Debt and deleveraging: uneven progress on the path to growth http://www.mckinsey.com/Insights/MGI/Research/Financial_Markets/Uneven_progress_on_th e_path_to_growth Paul Krugman, End this depression now (New York: W.W. Norton 2012) John Mauldin and Jonathan Tepper, Endgame: the end of the debt supercyle and how it changes everything (Hoboken: John Wiley and Son 2010). Menzie Chin and Jeffry. A Frieden, Lost decades: the making of Americas debt crisis and the long recovery (London: W and W Norton: 2012) ch.1, 166-74, ch.9.

The history of state debt Niall Ferguson, Cash nexus: money and politics in modern history , London: Allen Lane, 2001. section 2. 28

James McDonald, A free nation deep in debt: the financial roots of democracy, New York: Farrar Strauss Giroux 2002. Charles Tilly, Coercion, capital and European states AD 990-1990, chapters 3-5 Oxford: WileyBlackwell 1993. The euro-zone crisis General David Marsh, The euro: the battle for the new global currency, new edition, (New Haven: Yale University Press 2011), chs. 7-8. Johan van Overveldt, The end of the euro: the uneasy future of the EU ( Agate publishing 2011) Andrew Moravcsik, Europe after the crisis: how to sustain a common currency Foreign Affairs 2012. vol 91 no 3. Mark Blythe, Austerity, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013), ch. 3. Martin Feldstein, EMU and international conflict, Foreign Affairs vol. 76, no. 6, 1997, pp. 60 73. Peter Hall, The economics and politics of the euro crisis German Politics, vol 21, no 4, 2012, pp. 355-371. Andrew Moravcsik, Europe after the crisis: how to sustain a common currency Foreign Affairs 2012. vol 91 no 3 Benjamin J. Cohen "The future of the Euro: let's get real," Review of International Political Economy, Vol. 19, No. 4, 2012, 689-700; x Kenneth Dyson Maastricht plus: managing the logic of inherent imperfections Journal of European Integration vol 34 no 7 2012, 791-208. Kenneth Dyson, Sworn to grim necessity? Imperfections of European economic governance, normative political theory, and supreme emergency. Journal of European Integration 35, no. 3. 2013 pp. 207-222. Barry Eichengreen, European monetary integration with benefit of hindsightv Journal Common Market Studies, vol. 50, no. S1, 2012, pp. 12336. J.C. Shambaugh, The Euros three crises, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity (Spring 2012), pp 157-211. Paul Krugman, End this depression now (New York: W.W. Norton 2012), ch. 10. Greece Matthew Lyn, Bust: Greece, the euro and the sovereign debt crisis (Hoboken: John Wiley and son 2010). Michael Mitsopoulos and Theodore Pelagidis, Understanding the crisis in Greece: from boom to bust Basingstoke: Palgrave 2011 Jason Manolopoulos, Greeces odious debt: the looting of the Hellenic republic by the euro, the political elite and the investment community (Anthem Press 2011) Margarita Katsimi and Thomas Moutos, EMU and the Greek crisis: the political-economy perspective, European Journal of Political Economy, 26 (2010): 568-576 Kevin Featherstone, The Greek Sovereign Debt Crisis and EMU: A Failing State in a Skewed Regime, Journal of Common Market Studies, 49/2 (2010): 193-217 Geogrios P. Kouretas and Prodromos Vlamis, The Greek Crisis: Causes and Implications, Panoeconomicus, 4 (2010): 391-404 Stathis Kouvelakis, The Greek cauldron New Left Review, 72, November-December 2011. M.G.Arghyrou, and J.D. Tsoukalas, The Greek Debt Crisis: Causes, Mechanics and Outcomes. World Economy, Vol. 34, No. 2, 2011, pp. 17391. Ireland Matt Cooper, How Ireland really went bust (Dublin: Penguin Ireland 2011). David Lynch, When the luck of the Irish ran out (Basingstoke: Palgrave 2010). N. Hardiman (ed.), Irish Governance in Crisis (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2012). 29

France Ben Clift Le changement? French socialism, the 2012 presidential election, and the politics of economic credibility amidst the euro-zone crisis Parliamentary Affairs vol 66, no 1, pp. 106-123. Ben Clift Comparative capitalism, ideational political economy an d French post-dirigiste reponses to the global financial crisis, New Political Economy vol 17 no 4, pp. 565-590. Nicholas Jabko and Elsa Massok, French capitalism under stress: how Nicolas Sarkozy rescued the banks, Review of International Political Economy vol 19, no 4. Germany Hubert Zimmerman No country for the market: the regulation in finance in Germany after the crisis German Politics, vol 21, no 4, 2012. U. Gurot and M. Leonard, The new German question: how Europe can get the Germany it need s European Council on Foreign Relations Policy Brief no 30. Spain Robert Fishman, Anomalies of Spains Economy and Economic Policy-Making, Contributions to Political Economy 31 (2012): 6776. Francisco Carballo-Cruz, Causes and Consequences of the Spanish Economic Crisis: Why the Recovery Is Taken So Long?, Panoeconomicus 58, 3 (2011): 314. Essay: What have been the consequences of the debt crisis for the foundations of the modern democratic nation-state? Classes: The Euro-zone crisis (Andrew Gamble) These four two hour classes are an opportunity to examine one of the most deep-seated current problems in the international economy, the series of fiscal crises which have erupted in the eurozone since the financial crash of 2008. The classes will examine the origins of the problem, the timeline of the various crises, the bargaining positions and political aims of the leading players within the euro-zone as well as those external to it (for example the IMF, the US, the UK, and China), the interim solutions, and the various scenarios for how the crisis might be finally resolved, which range from full fiscal union to the collapse of the euro, and many points in-between. The classes will require some knowledge of the background to the development of the single currency, the constitutional and institutional arrangements of the EU, the internal and external politics of the member states, and the origins and nature of the financial crash of 2008. The consequences of the fiscal problems of the euro-zone are still unfolding, so following what is happening through the resources of the web will be important, as will recreating the positions of the major players through role-playing. Reading See The Euro-zone crisis reading under 20 above. Essays Was European monetary union ever viable without fiscal union? Should Greece have been allowed to default?

30

Sample Exam Paper 1. What politically do arguments against free trade presume?

2. Why did the United States sponsor the Bretton Woods agreement? 3. 4. 5. How far does American domestic politics explain the end of Bretton Woods? What was the price of financial liberalisation for developed-country states? Discuss with reference to at least one European state. What impedes development for poor countries?

6. Why do states still matter in todays international economy? Discuss with reference to at least one developed- or developing-country state? 7. EITHER Why did the EU create a monetary union? OR Does the euro-zone crisis have economic or political origins? 8. EITHER Do the gains for other states of Chinas economic rise outweigh the costs? OR Who benefits from the balance of financial terror? 9. How far did the causes of the Asian Financial Crisis lie in the nature of the post- Bretton Woods international economy? 10. Why has economic liberalisation bred such resistance in Latin America? Discuss with reference to at least one state. 11. How far has financial liberalisation increased inequality? 12. Was the financial crisis of 2008 inevitable? 13. What has the sovereign debt crisis in developed-country states since 2008 revealed about the foundations of the modern democratic nation-state?

31