1

Class

Full Name

Index Number

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
2012

5116/03
I believe, therefore I am

SCIENCE (CHEMISTRY)
Secondary 4 Express / 5 Normal Academic
30 Aug 2012

1h 15 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your full name, class and index number on all the work you hand in.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.
SECTION A
Answer all questions in the spaces provided.
SECTION B
Answer any two questions.
Write your answers on the writing paper provided.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part of a
question.
A copy of a Data Sheet and the Periodic Table is provided.
All essential workings must be shown.
The use of a calculator is allowed in this paper.
DO NOT OPEN THIS PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

For Examiners Use

Section A
Section B
Q
Q.
Total

65
This document consists of 18 printed pages, including a copy of the Periodic Table.
Setter: Ms Chua S. H.

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Section A [45marks]
Answer all questions in the spaces provided
For

Air is a mixture and it can be easily separated, using the physical

Examiners

properties of the substances involved. The boiling and/or melting point of

Use

the main gases in air are as shown:

Gas

Boiling Point / oC

Melting Point / oC

Water vapour

100

Carbon dioxide

-78 (sublimes)

-78 (sublimes)

Xenon

-108

Krypton

-153

Oxygen

-182

Argon

-186

Nitrogen

-196

Figure 1.1 boiling and/or melting point of the main gases in air

Before liquefying the air from room temperature to -200oC, dust particles
are removed. Air is first cooled to a temperature of about -80oC. This is to
facilitate the removal of carbon dioxide and water vapour because at low
temperature of -200oC they would block the pipes.
(a)

Suggest why at low temperature of -200oC carbon dioxide and water

[1]

vapour would block the pipes?

(b)

Particles of air behave differently before and after it was liquefied. Give

[2]

two differences in the arrangement and movements of particles.

Differences in arrangement:

Differences in movement:

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1

(c)

What is the name for the type of separation process taking place in the

For

[1]

Examiners

separating column shown below?

(d)

Use

According to the information given in Figure 1.1, complete Figure 1.2

below (note: one component of air has been filled in for you):
[2]
(i)

(ii)
Liquefied
air in at
-200OC

Separating
column

Oxygen
(iii)

(iv)

Heater

Figure 1.2 Separation of air into its components

(e)

Name one other industrial use of this separation process.

[1]

Two isotopes of an element, A-13 and A-14 exist naturally with atomic
mass of 13 and 14 respectively. Each of the isotopes neutral atoms has
six electrons. The proportion of these isotopes in ivory elephant tusks
can be used to determine where in the world the tusks come from.
Complete Figure 2 below:
Isotope

No of proton
per atom

No of electrons
per atom

A-13

A-14

No of neutrons
per atom

[2]

Figure 2 isotopes used in ivory elephant tusks

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3

For

Figure 3 shows the electron arrangement in the outer shells of five

elements, A to E. All elements are from Period 3 of the Periodic Table.

Examiners
Use

Figure 3

Use the letters A to E to answer the following questions.

You may use each letter once, more than once or not at all.
(a)

Which element will form three covalent bonds when it forms a [1]
compound?

(b)
(i)

Which two elements will form a compound with the formula of the type [1]
YZ2 of melting point of 1130oC?

(ii)

Briefly explain why YZ2 has such a high melting point.

[2]

(c)
(i)

Draw a dot and cross diagram to show the bonding in the compound [2]
formed between A and B. You only need to show outer shell electrons.

(ii)

Suggest a reason why the compound formed between A and B in (ci) [2]
cannot be YZ2 of melting point of 1130oC?

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4

For

Refer to the diagrams below to answer the questions that follow:

Examiners
Use

(a)

Which of the diagrams A, B, C, D, E and F best represents bronze?

[1]

(b)

State a difference between the properties of that represented in diagram [1]

A and that represented in diagram C or E.

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5

For

Germanium, Ge, is extracted from germanium (IV) oxide by heating with

hydrogen. This is the unbalanced chemical equation for the reaction.

Examiners
Use

GeO2 (s) + ____ H2 (g)
Ge (s) + ____H2O (l)

(a)

Balance the above equation.

[1]

(b)

In terms of oxidation states, explain why this is a redox reaction.

[2]

(c)

Identify the reducing agent in the above extraction of germanium (IV) [1]
oxide.

(d)

Calculate the relative formula mass of germanium (IV) oxide.

[1]

(e)
(i)

525g of germanium (IV) oxide and 192 dm3 of hydrogen gas was [3]
supplied. Determine the limiting reactant in this reaction. Explain your
answer.

(ii)

Calculate the mass of germanium extracted.

[2]

Mass: ____________g

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6

For

Water gas, a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, is prepared by

Examiners

passing steam over heated carbon. Energy is absorbed.

Use

(a)

Is this reaction exothermic or endothermic?

[1]

(b)

Draw the graph to show the change in temperature during the reaction.

[1]

Indicate clearly in Figure 6 below:

Temperature /oC
Room
Temperature -

Figure 6

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Time / mins

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8
7

For

Imagine that three metals are transported to Earth by rocket ship from a

Examiners

far distant planet. On the planet the three metals are called beium,

Use

ceium and deium.

Figure 7 shows the chemical reactions involving the three metals.
Metal

Reaction with
water

Beium

Gas

sulfuric acid

produced Gas produced

extinguishes

extinguishes

magnesium sulfate
Magnesium

was

displaced

lighted splint with a lighted splint with

Ceium

pop sound

a pop sound

No reaction

Gas produced

Magnesium was not

extinguishes

displaced

lighted splint with

a pop sound
Deium

No reaction

No reaction

Magnesium was not

displaced

Figure 7

(a)

Name the gas which extinguishes lighted splint with a pop sound.

[1]

(b)

Arrange beium, ceium, deium and magnesium in order of reactivity, [1]

most reactive first.

(c)

More energy is needed to extract magnesium than is needed to extract [2]

deium from its sulfate. Suggest why.

(d)

Deium could be the same metal as one of the metals found in the Earths [1]
crust. Name one of Earths metals that might have similar properties as
deium.

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8

(a)

For

There are a lot of social, environmental, health and safety issues

Examiners

related to the chemical industry. Figure 8 shows some chemicals and

Use

their source. Complete the table by giving the issues caused by each
chemical.
Chemical

Source

Oxides of nitrogen

Internal

and sulfur dioxide

engines

[2]

Problem caused
combustion

Incomplete

Breathing difficulties

combustion of fossil &

fuel

death

due

obstruction

to
in

uptake of oxygen
Figure 8

(b)

Below shows the chemical reaction of Group VII elements, X and Y:

X2 (aq) + NaY (aq)
Y2 (aq)+ NaX (aq)
A chemist observed a colour change from reddish-brown to brown with
precipitate of purplish-black solid at bottom of the test tube in which the
chemical reaction took place. Y2 produced also reacts with starch to
give a blue-black colouration. Name element X and element Y.

(i)

Element X: ____________________

[1]

(ii)

Element Y: ____________________

[1]

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9

For

The figure below shows a series of chemical reactions.

Examiners
Use

Glucose
Process I: Yeast, 37oC

Process IV:
Sufficient Oxygen

Process II: Potassium

Dichromate (VI)
Process V: Add
Sodium
Carbonate

Forms white
precipitate in
Calcium hydroxide
solution

Process III: Add

Sodium Hydroxide

(a)

Draw the full structural formula of Q.

[1]

(b)

Give the ionic equation representing Process III.

[2]

(c)

Name Process IV.

[1]

(d)

Identify R.

[1]

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Section B [20marks]
Answer any two questions from this section on the lined pages provided and, if necessary,
continue on separate answer paper.

10

(a)

For

The following diagram shows some properties and reactions

Examiners

involving substances A, B, C, D and E.

Solid
sodium
compound

add dilute
sulfuric
acid

add water
and stir
colourless
solution
B

add copper(II)
sulfate

blue
precipitate
E

add
white solid
C

Use

colourless
solution
A

water

sodium
chloride
solution

water

colourless
gas D

add a few drops of

Universal Indicator

blue
solution

Turns moist red

litmus paper blue

(i)

Identify substances A, B, C, D and E.

[5]

(ii)

Write a chemical equation for any of the above reactions.

[1]

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10

(b)

The following diagrams show the steps taken to prepare crystals of

hydrated

copper(II)

nitrate,

Cu(NO3)2.3H2O,

from

copper(II)

carbonate. The equation for the reaction is as follows :

CuCO3(s) + 2 HNO3(aq)

(i)

CO2(g) + Cu(NO3)2(aq) + H2O(l)

Describe what you would see in step (1) when the above reaction is

[1]

carried out.
(ii)

Why is it necessary to add excess copper(II) carbonate in step (1)?

[1]

(iii)

What would you observe if aqueous ammonia is added, a little at a

[1]

time, to filtrate obtained in step (2), until there is no further change?

(iv)

What is the purpose of carrying out step (3)?

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(a)

For

Propanol is the third member of the homologous series of alcohol.

Examiners
Use

(i)

Define homologous series with respect to alcohol.

[1]

(ii)

Based on your understanding of the homologous series, draw the full [1]
structural formula of propanol.

(b)

How would you distinguish between propanol and propanoic acid?

[2]

Briefly describe your observations.

(c)

How would you test for presence of butene and differentiate it from [2]
propane? Give your observations.

(d)

Butene undergoes additional polymerization to form a polymer while [4]

butanol does not.

(i)

Name the polymer formed.

(ii)

Draw the structural formula of the monomer.

(iii)

Draw the structural formula of the polymer.

(iv)

Draw the repeating unit of the polymer.

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12

For

Antacid tablets neutralize acids. A student investigated the time

Examiners

taken for an antacid tablet to react completely with excess

Use

hydrochloric acid (the reaction time) under different conditions. The

table shows the results.

(a)

Experiment

Volume

Concentration

Temperature

Reaction

number

of acid

of acid in

of acid

time

/cm3

mol/dm3

/ 0C

/ seconds

50

1.0

25

132

50

2.0

25

65

100

2.0

25

65

50

2.0

35

33

Which two experiments show that the volume of acid used does not [1]
affect the rate of reaction?

(b)

Describe and explain the effect of increasing temperature on the rate [2]
of reaction, in terms of collisions between reacting particles.

(c)

The antacid tablet contains calcium carbonate.

(i)

Write down the equation for the reaction between calcium carbonate [1]
and hydrochloric acid.

(ii)

Calculate the number of moles of hydrochloric acid used in [1]

experiment 2.

(iii)

Calculate the mass of calcium carbonate that will react with this [2]
number of moles of hydrochloric acid.

(d)
(i)

Why does the rate of reaction between antacid tablets and [2]
hydrochloric acid gradually decreases as the reaction proceed?

(ii)

Why does the reaction finally stop?

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DATA SHEET

Colours of some common metal hydroxides

Calcium hydroxide

White

Copper (II) hydroxide

Light blue

Iron (II) hydroxide

Green

Iron (III) hydroxide

Red-brown

Lead(II) hydroxide

White

Zinc hydroxide

White

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