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"Your medically-based

on magnetic field th

- William Pawluk, M TREATMENT BASICS

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Before getting in-depth on the applications of magnetic fields you want to take notice of the following 27 principles.
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The info provide intende educati purpose does no place o diagnos treatme from a healthc practitio Becaus magnet can hav effects

body, b desirab rarely, undesir getting advice underly and tre options recomm before using m Principle 1: Magnetic fields go through the body as if it wasnt even there even the field the bones are essentially transparent. (MFTs)

Principle 2: The shape of the magnetic fields produced by a given device depends on the coil design. Understand your devices coil design to know where and how to position the applicator(s) or the device.

Contrain

Despite therapy recogniz account taken of possible which sh consider this ther few of th serious,

Principle 3: The strength of the magnetic fields drops off with distance from the surface of the device. This is much more important with static magnets than pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs). It is not known what the lower therapy limits are for Read mo PEMFs in terms of field strength. More is not always better.

be antici patients their pot

Principle 4: The amount of time magnetic fields (MFs) are to be used clinically depends on the level and extent of the problem. Lower intensity fields are expected to be able to be used for longer periods throughout a day than higher intensity. Likewise, often lower strength fields may take longer to work than higher strength.

Principle 5: Higher strength fields or use of many other weaker for extended times are more likely to cause aggravations.

Principle 6: Let the body tell you what it needs. Every body is different. Every treatment session is like starting over again because the body will have changed at least a little from one session to the next whether because of the treatment or because of external factors. If the body is readily accepting the treatments keep them at the same duration, intensity and/or frequency or increase to the next step. If it is not accepting the MF well at any particular step, decrease the duration, intensity and/or frequency of treatments.

Principle 7: For static magnets to be kept comfortably and easily on the body is often the biggest challenge in getting acceptance for their use, especially in people who have limited patience or lack enough understanding of their potential value.

Principle 8: Exposure to PEMFs is a bit like throwing stones in a pond. The ripples carry on for long periods of time after the exposure.

Principle 9: All PEMFs will produce harmonics with frequencies beyond the frequency/ies of the device used. It takes time for these harmonics to play themselves out. Spread daily treatments out to allow these harmonics to develop with preferably a 6-8 hour gap between treatments.

Principle 10: The use of single frequencies for long periods may lead to tolerance, with resulting escape from or loss of a benefit previously experienced. An example is that the scent of a rose in room is no longer perceived after some time is spent in the same room even though the rose is still there.

Principle 11: Mixing and matching energy devices or treatments with different frequencies may result in enhancement or may result in cancellation. There is little research to guide combining technologies. Matching static magnets along with PEMFs can usually be complementary.

Principle 12: It is hard to heal depleted tissues. Nutrition needs to be sound and supplements may be very helpful. Since many MF effects are mediated through ions, especially calcium, sodium, and potassium, these ions and electrolytes need to be at normal levels in the body.

Principle 13: Its easier and quicker to move an ion than to rebuild a tissue.

Principle 14: MFs affect charge at the cell membrane and open membrane channels of all cells. This helps to rebalance and restore cell function. Restore enough cells and tissues will function better.

Principle 15: Circulation is improved by a large variety of MFs. This helps with healing at a fundamental level.

Principle 16: Muscle energy is improved with MFs, through myosin phosphorylation, among other processes.

Principle 17: MFs may protect cells against injury by being used prophylactically

and post-injury, for example, before or after surgery.

Principle 18: Treatment courses should be more intense, for example, daily, initially, until improvement is seen and then spread out to several times a week, then weekly and then monthly. To do this is difficult from a time and cost basis unless a home system is being used, in which case daily treatments may be used until the issue is resolved.

Principle 19: MFs used daily in the home may be considered a prevention or health maintenance program. Stress reduction is useful to almost everyone daily. MFs have many stress-reducing effects.

Principle 20: There are major differences among different MF devices. These differences may be very important in what is being treated. There are distinct differences in the effects of devices at various frequency ranges from ELFs (extremely low frequencies), to VLFs (very low frequencies), to microwave level frequencies, radiofrequencies, infrared, ultraviolet range, etc. Know your devices characteristics to know what its best for and how best to use it. Find an expert to guide you in its best use.

Principle 21: Just because a device is not FDA approved does not mean its ineffective or unsafe. FDA approval does give you more assurance that the device

will perform according to the claims made in the marketing literature supplied by the manufacturer, because the manufacturer has agreement from the FDA that the manufacturer has supplied satisfactory evidence to support the claims being made. It typically takes very large sums of money to get a device approved by the FDA. Only the biggest companies can afford to get these approvals.

Principle 22: MF sensitivity happens in about 1-5% of individuals. Use of MFs should be done with caution and proceed slowly with the amount of time of daily use and use of low field intensities, with only very gradual increases.

Principle 23: Most people will feel some kind of sensation with a MF exposure different from person-to-person, depending on sensitivity.

Principle 24: MF therapies are usually complementary to other therapies. Rarely are MFs the only modality that should be used to treat a given condition.

Principle 25: MFs act in basic and fundamental ways in tissues and so they can be helpful across a vast array of health conditions.

Principle 26: MFs are useful for health maintenance not just for treatment.

Principle 27: If a MF system is not working, consider first whether it is being used properly before deciding that MFs dont work. Remember the layering concept of illness.

Magnetic Field Basics

 Top Page

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info@drpawluk.com Copyright 2005-2009 William Pawluk, M.D., M.Sc.

The information provided on this web site is intended for educational purposes only. It does not take the place of proper diagnosis and/or treatment advice from a licensed healthcare practitioner Application Basics

Even though I describe problems as being layered, the layers may happen individually, several simultaneously or even all together. This makes it difficult to know for certain which layers may be involved in a given problem or person. Almost always, pathologic level problems will have the other levels present to varying degrees, especially the pathophysiologic level. Once treatment is begun, the body will reveal its layering.

Magnetoterapia
de: Alina Popa | in: Terapii Naturiste | 12 December 2007 | 5 Comentarii

Utilizarea de magneti pentru scopuri terapeutice sau magnetoterapia exista inca din antichitate. Omul atribuia puteri de vindecare pietrelor natural magnetice si medicii greci fabricau bari de metal magnetizat pentru a usura durerile provocate de artrita.

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In evul mediu, magnetoterapia era recomandata pentru dezinfectarea plagilor si tratarea tulburarilor de sanatate, printre care artrita, otravirea si chelirea. Alchimistul Philippus Von Hohenheim, cunoscut sub numele de Paracelsius, credea ca magnetii erau capabili sa extraga raul din organism. In Statele Unite, dupa razboiul civil, vindecatorii, care strabateau tara, afirmau ca boala era cauzata de un dezechilibru al campurilor electromagnetice prezente in corp. Aplicarile de magneziu, sustineau ei, permiteau restaurarea functiilor organelor afectate si combaterea a numeroase rele: astm, paralizie etc. Astazi magnetii sunt inca folositi pentru a trata o mare varietate de probleme de sanatate, chiar daca probele stiintifice privind eficacitatea lor sunt inca relative putine. Se folosesc mai ales pentru a usura durerea asociata cu bolile cornice, cum ar fi artrita, neuropatiile diabetice si bolile de spate si pentru a favoriza cicatrizarea unei rani. Magnetii sunt deasemenea prezenti ca un mijloc in lupta impotriva simptomelor stresului, precum migrenele si insomnia. In medicina clasica, se apeleaza deseori la magneti pentru a trata fracturile care intarzie sa se vindece, mai ales in cazul oaselor lungi ca tibia.

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Magnetii se gasesc intr-o mare varietate de forme, greutati si preturi. Sunt compusi din fier, otel sau aliaj de metale. Se poarta precum bijuteriile, bratarile, inelele sau cerceii. Se introduce si in interiorul talpii pantofului. Se fac bandaje sau pansamente pe care le punem sau le infasam in jurul locului dureros. Pot lua chiar si forma unei perne sau saltea. Cand magnetii sunt purtati pe corp, ii plasam direct pe regiunea dureroasa sau pe un punct folosit de acupunctura. Puterea campului lor electromagnetic este in general de 400-800 gauss. Cu cat distanta dintre corp si magneziu este mai mare, cu atat mai puternic trebuie sa fie magnetul. Intr-o saltea, puterea sa ar putea atinge 4000 de gauss si chiar mai mult. Exista doua tipuri de categorii de magneti: magneti statici sau permanenti, al caror camp electromagnetic este stabil, si magneti pulsari al caror camp magnetic variaza si trebuie sa fie legati la o sursa electrica. Majoritatea magnetilor ce se gasesc pe piata apartin primei categorii. Sunt magneti cu o intensitate slaba de care ne putem servi de o maniera autonoma si individuala. Magnetii pulsari sunt vanduti sub forma de micute aparate portative sau sunt folositi in cabinet sub supraveghere medicala. De asemenea, exista o noua tehnica numita stimulare magnetic transcraniana care este mai ales folosita pentru tratarea depresiei. Cum functioneaza magnetoterapia? Modul de actiune a magnetoterapiei ramane un mister. Nu stim cum campurile magnetice influenteaza mecanismele biologice. Mai multe ipoteze au fost emise, dar nici una nu a fost dovedita pana acum. Conform celei mai raspandite ipoteze, campurile electromagnetice actioneaza stimuland functionarea celulelor.

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Altele sustin ca aceste campuri activeaza circulatia sanguina, ceea ce favorizeaza aportul de oxigen si nutrimente sau ca fierul continut in sange ar juca un rol de conductor de energie magnetic. Exista posibilitatea ca aceste campuri electromagnetice sa intrerupa transmiterea durerii intre celulele unui organ si creier. Aplicatii terapeutice

Magnetii pulsari
Stimuleaza vindecarea fracturilor care intarzie sa se refaca. Magnetii pulsari sunt folositi in mod frecvent in medicina clasica atunci cand fracturile, in special cele ale oaselor lungi cum e tibia, intarzie sa se vindece sau nu s-au vindecat complet. Numeroase studii, 4 sinteze ale studiilor si o meta-analiza, raporteaza beneficii foarte bune in aceste cazuri. Aceasta tehnica este sigura si prezinta un nivel inalt de eficacitate. In plus, acest tratament nu necesita nici o spitalizare. Pe langa aceasta, ei contribuie la diminuarea riscurilor asociate interventiilor chirurgicale.

Contribuie la usurarea simptomelor artrozei. Contribuie la usurarea anumitor simptome ale sclerozei in placi, avand un efect antispasmotic, reducand oboseala si ameliorand controlul functiilor cognitive, mobilitatii, vederii si a calitatii vietii. Contribuie la tratarea incontinentei urinare Contribuie la usurarea migrenelor Ajuta in durerile asociate poliartritei reumatice Trateaza insomnia Trateaza ulceratiile pielii

Magnetii permanenti

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Reduc durerea, de exemplu din regiunea gatului, umerilor, genunchilor, picioarelor Contribuie la usurarea simptomelor asociate fibromialgiei Trateaza tendinitele, osteoporoza, cicatricele post-operatorii, astmul etc. Contraindicatii Putine efecte secundare au fost raportate. Cu toate acestea se mai intampla sa apara iritatii, o roseata si hematoame mici ce dispar rapid. Exista insa importante contraindicatii pentru anumite categorii de persoane:

Femei insarcinate Purtatori de stimulator cardiac Persoane care au tulburari de circulatie >Persoane ce sufera de hipotensiune [ n cercurile tiinifice, magnetoterapia este considerat una dintre cele mai sigure i eficiente metode naturale de nsntoire, i este adeseori denumit metoda terapeutic a secolului 20. Magnetoterapia este o modalitate terapeutic de vindecare cu ajutorul cmpului magnetic, fr a se utiliza medicamente. Magnetoterapia este un procedeu natural, simplu, ieftin, total nedureros, i fr reacii adverse, singurul instrument folosit n cadrul acestei terapii fiind magnetul sau un aparat de generare a unui cmp magnetic pulsatoriu. Civilizaiile strvechi cunoteau puterea magic a magnetului, acesta fiind purtat sub form de amulete care se presupunea c ndepreaz durerile. Descoperirea magnetului a fost accidental, iar utilizarea sa pentru proprietile curative a fost realizat empiric, sub impresia proprietilor sale magice. Nu se cunotea nimic despre forele magnetice din natur.

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Cea mai timpurie meniune referitoare la magnei ca ageni terapeutici apare n Atharvaveda una din cele patru scrieri strvechi ale Indiei. In aceast lucrare este precizat utilizarea magneilor pentru oprirea sngerrii (sutra 17, capitolul 1, partea I) i pentru tratarea anumitor probleme ale organismului feminin (sutra 35, capitolul 7, partea III). Abia n secolul 16 magnetul a devenit obiectul unei cercetri medicale, cnd alchimistul i medicul P.A. Paracelsus a realizat aceasta, aducnd la lumin calitile curative ale magnetului. Paracelsus a fcut observaia revoluionar c magnetul poate vindeca toate inflamaiile, ulceraiile i multe boli ale intestinului i uterului, i c ar fi util att n boli interne ct i externe. El a afirmat c orice zon / parte bolnav a organismului, dac va fi expus forei magnetice, se va vindeca mai bine i mai repede dect cu orice alt tratament. Printele Hall, profesor austriac de astronomie din secolul 18, a luat n considerare afirmaiile lui Paracelsus i a tratat brbai i femei care sufereau de boli nervoase, prin aplicarea de magnei pe corpul acestora. Tratamentul aplicat de Hall a fost ndeaproape urmrit de Mesmer (1734-1815), care a fost profund impresionat i a nceput i el s aplice tratamente utiliznd magnei. A rezolvat astfel un numr mare de boli serioase i complicate. Unul din cazurile vindecate de Mesmer trebuie menionat: o doamn pe nume Franze Oesterline, n vrst de 29 de ani, care avea dureri de cap severe periodice urmate de delir i vom, asociate cu atacuri paroxistice de mnie. Mesmer a aplicat trei magnei pe corpul ei: cte unul la fiecare picior, iar al treilea pe zona corespunztoare stomacului. Rezultatul a fost extraordinar: doamna a fost complet vindecat dup cteva edine de tratament. Munca lui Hall i Mesmer a fost descris de contemporanul lor - Dr. Samuel Hahneman (1755-1843), printele homeopatiei. Acesta a fost pe deplin convins de puterile magneilor, spunnd: o baghet magnetic poate s vindece rapid i pentru totdeauna cea mai sever boal, dac este adus n apropierea corpului. Diferite experimente au artat c plantele inute n cmp magnetic cresc, nfloresc i dau fructe mai

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repede dect cele crescute n condiii normale. n Rusia s-a artat c anumite plante irigate cu ap magnetizat creteau cu mult mai repede dect celelalte. Chiar plantele aproape moarte au putut fi revitalizate dup aplicarea unui cmp magnetic sau dup ce au fost udate cu ap magnetizat. Aadar utilizarea magneilor ajut creterea i fertilitatea plantelor. esuturile lor sunt rentinerite i pot fi protejate de nghe i de alte pericole. Experimente care au constat n implantarea de celule canceroase la oarecii de laborator, au artat c prin aplicarea unor magnei se stopa procesul tumoral. De asemenea, tumora cerebral a unui cine a fost complet topit cu ajutorul unui mic magnet. Dr. E. K. Maclean din New York a tratat cu succes cazuri de cancer avansat cu un Activator Electromagnetic, un aparat care genera cmpuri magnetice pulsatorii. El a menionat c aceast maladie, cancerul, nu poate exista ntr-un cmp magnetic puternic. S-a mai artat c utilizarea magneilor a refcut pigmentarea prului la un numr de persoane. La o clinic din Leningrad, pacienilor cu pietre la rinichi i / sau la bil li se administreaz ap magnetizat pentru a ajuta eliminarea acestor formaiuni. Dr. Maclean a reuit s ndeprteze durerile de orice fel prin utilizarea magneilor. El a artat c aplicarea regulat a magneilor este de un mare ajutor n meninerea strii generale de sntate, vigoare i tineree. De-a lungul timpului de la folosirea decorativ a magneilor s-a trecut la cea terapeutic empiric, ajungndu-se la cercetri amnunite legate de proprietile curative ale magneilor. Pn la un anumit moment, aceast terapie s-a fcut prin aezarea de magnei pe corpul pacientului, deci cu utilizarea de cmpuri magnetice statice. n ultimele decenii s-a trecut la utilizarea cmpurilor magnetice pulsatorii (CMP) produse cu ajutorul unor aparate speciale. Cmpurile magnetice pulsatorii sunt micari rapide oscilatorii, expansiune contracie, ale cmpului magnetic, care n scop terapeutic sunt folosite la frecvena de 0,5 Hz (0,5 pulsaie/secund). Totui, cum funcioneaz terapia cu cmpuri magnetice pulsatorii, i de ce se poate aplica la att de multe afeciuni? Prin plasarea CMP n apropierea corpului apar microcureni benefici n tot corpul. De asemenea CMP crete concentraia de oxigen cu 200% n snge, determinnd creterea vitezei de regenerare a esuturilor inflamate sau deteriorate, i mbuntete utilizarea oxigenului de ctre esuturi, facilitnd astfel nviorarea i vindecarea acestora. S-a artat c pulsaiile corecte ale cmpurilor magnetice pot produce o cretere de 20 de ori a numrului limfocitelor B i T, mbuntind astfel starea sistemului imun.

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De asemenea s-a observat c magnetoterapia are un efect benefic asupra sistemului nervos. Din experiena celor care au aplicat aceast terapie se tie c utilizarea cmpurilor magnetice pulsatorii reduce senzaia dureroas aproape imediat. De asemenea, tratamentul magnetic ajut, grbind, vindecarea rnilor i fracturilor, dizolv cheagurile de snge, elimin pietrele de la rinichi i vezica biliar, i vindec boli precum artrita, astmul, eczemele, inflamaiile, paralizia, poliomielita, hernia de disc, spondilita, nepeneala, etc. Aplicarea acestei terapii n neurologie a ajutat muli pacieni bolnavi de epilepsie, boal Parkinson, scleroz multipl, sindromul neuronului motor, i alte situaii similare, s i amelioreze considerabil starea. Nu exist contraindicaii pentru utilizarea magnetoterapiei, exceptnd sarcina i pacienii care au stimulator cardiac. FDA (Food and Drug Administration) a recunoscut n 1978 beneficiile utilizrii energiei magnetice n vindecarea fracturilor de tibie. n SUA, a existat pe pia un numr considerabil de aparate care generau cmpuri magnetice pulsatorii. n ciuda numrului mare de rapoarte clinice extrem de favorabile n vederea utilizrii acestei terapii, lipsa de fonduri necesare costurilor exorbitante i anii de evaluare pentru a corespunde criteriilor FDA, au ntrziat i ntrzie considerabil utilizarea acestora. Mai mult, industria farmaceutic, cu miliarde de dolari beneficiu, s-a opus cu vehemen acreditrii acestei terapii, blocnd cu succes multe tentative de a se obine fondurile necesare cercetrilor clinice cerute pentru aprobarea acestei terapii fr pilule, ieftin i eficient! Not: La ora actual n SUA magnetoterapia NU este acceptat de FDA pentru utilizarea pe fiine umane. Am gasit articolul pe www.yogaesoteric.net de asemenea e bine sa vedeti si articolul http://www.ziua.ro/display.php?data=2007-04-30&id=219852, Energetic level

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The analogy I use is that of a common cold. When a cold is first beginning, many people feel a vague sense of disease, or uncomfortableness, without any specific sense of where or what the problem is. This is the energetic level.

Physiologic level

Once a cold begins to produce a sore throat, a slight temperature, a runny nose, sneezing, etc., the infection has moved to the physiologic level.

Pathophysiologic level

If the infection continues in the body and progresses, it may begin to produce bronchitis, rhinitis, a significant cough, mental fogginess, with a green or yellow sputum, etc. This is the pathophysiologic level. In this level there are elements of a physiologic response to an infection and elements of cellular destruction with color changes to the sputum indicating infection of the nose, sinuses or bronchial passages. Once the infection descends further into the body, acute sinusitis or pneumonia is possible. Most chronic problems are in the pathophysiologic range.

Pathologic level

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With significant cellular or organ damage, this level is considered pathologic. A substantial amount of tissue death can occur before an organ or the body as a whole will fail. At a minimum, a number of cells have died. At the extreme, there is either complete or partial organ failure or death of the person.

Responses to treatment at each level

Treatments directed at a problem that is at the energetic level are much more dramatic and likely to produce responses very rapidly, even in minutes. For physiologic level problems, treatments are more likely to produce responses in hours to several days. Once there is some level of pathology, that is, at a pathophysiologic level, the effects of treatment usually take longer, and can take days to weeks. The pathophysiologic level in these cases can be surprisingly affected by magnetic fields, with often dramatic results. At the pathologic level, treatments have very unpredictable results and may take months to years to produce results, if ever. True and complete organ death is unlikely to be reversible with magnetic fields. Magnetic fields do not create the "Lazarus effect".

Once one knows what the probable level of damage to the organism is, it's easier to predict how long it may take for these therapies to produce results. Miracles, that is, much better than expected results, are always possible, however. Treatment may be directed at a particular problem of interest but improvement may first be seen for a different issue, based on which layers are involved. Since more superficial layers will be more likely to respond quickly, these problems will respond regardless of where the MFs may be directed first. This is akin to peeling an onion; more superficial issues will be peeled away first, deeper next, etc. and deepest will be last. This is why holistic treatment may take months to years to clear all the layers.

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As a physician, I always attempt to determine the level of damage thats present in the person I am asked to help. Once I have a sense of the level I have a much better idea of how long it will take to achieve significant relief or improvement or cure. The level and extent of the problem seems to be more important than the strength of the magnetic fields applied, or the frequencies used or how much time is devoted to each day. Optimizing these variables should shorten the process.

Beyond this, all bodies are different and all illnesses or diseases need to be well understood, along with some sense of the mind, body and spiritual states of the individual looking for treatment. All of these will determine how long treatments will take to produce expected or desired results. Without this sense of layers, both the individual seeking treatment and the therapist can experience unnecessary frustration. The body has its own wisdom and will respond in the layers and levels that make more sense to it than to our expectations or fantasies. We need to respect these layers of healing timelines and processes and work positively with them. What gets healed initially and in what order after that is mostly up to the body, not our expectations. The order of healing will follow the bodys own wisdom of what level/tissue should be cleared first, second, etc. Patience and acceptance of this natural order will aid the healing process.

Go to General Rules for application of magnetic fields.

Biological Actions

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Western clinical thinking is usually focused on a disease specific model. Each disease has specific physiologic and pathologic components, comprising various testing methods - for example, x-rays, MRI, chemistry, microscopic, microbiology, immunology, neurological testing, etc. The results of tests are assembled into patterns that then allow a "label" or diagnosis to be applied to them. These labels, which assume specific physiologic and pathologic changes, allow doctors and scientists to be able to communicate with each other about these commonly understood "patterns", that is, diagnoses or disease labels.

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Clearly, any given individual with functional or physiologic abnormalities, despite having been diagnosed with the functional or physiologic abnormalities associated with a specific disease, will also usually have functional or physiologic abnormalities that fall "outside" the disease label used or applied. Therefore, the disease label is a "shorthand" convention only and doesn't encompass the whole person's functioning.

By considering functional, physiologic or pathologic changes or impairments, a function specific treatment plan can be developed. Physicians use complex decision making processes to determine treatment plans. Ideally, the treatment should remove the underlying reason for the problems that are present. When this is not possible, treatment is directed at physiologic changes that produce signs or symptoms. For example, a fractured bone will have accompanying swelling and pain. Treatment plan will include managing the fracture itself through immobilization and protection with a cast, ice and elevation for the swelling and medication for the pain. When the fracture has reached a certain point of healing rehabilitation of the weakened muscles and stiffened joints will begin. Magnetic fields have been found two reduce the swelling, accelerated healing of the fracture and reduce pain. Fractures can also be complicated by tearing of other tissues near the fracture, infection in the area of trauma and blood clots in the lower legs resulting from immobilization. Magnetic fields also help with these problems when they happen and may in fact prevent them, by stimulating the tissues at deeper levels without the need to invade the tissues.

Understanding the basic physiologic effects of magnetic fields allows someone to develop a treatment approach that is targeted to the specific functional abnormalities present. When a disease diagnosis is established, some of the specific functional abnormalities are assumed and understood. Diagnostic and functional tests help the therapist to know the extent of the abnormalities. This not only helps to guide the therapy but also allows the clinician to know objectively how much progress is being made. Since very little medical therapy cures diseases, most therapies are oriented towards reducing the abnormalities and signs or symptoms present and improving function. Magnetic fields are therefore often not only the best treatment available as the sole treatment but also in most cases can be used in a complementary fashion.

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We are not able to list all the possible biologic effects of magnetic fields described in the research literature because of space limitations. Many of the biologic effects found to be produced by EMFs are frequency and/or field strength dependent. Most are specific to pulsed magnetic fields, some overlap between pulsed and static fields and rarely only applied to static fields. However, the ones that I believe are the most relevant to clinical practice, especially those found to be produced or affected by ELF's, are listed here: brain functioning hormone changes stress reduction learning changes scar modification metabolism enhancement water modification electrolyte changes bone healing acceleration osteogenesis autonomic nervous system actions oxygenation enhancement inflammation reduction sleep improvement medication metabolism changes liver function changes wound healing enhancement infertility improvement receptor binding

vasodilation edema reduction platelet adhesion reduction fibrinolysis acceleration of enzyme reactions calcium ion movement and enhancement calmodulin transport enhancement nitric oxide production stimulation sodium-potassium exchange enhancement membrane function enhancement improved cellular energy immunity changes amino acid changes muscle relaxation nerve cell firing reduction repair of soft tissue free radical actions anti-oxidant stimulation

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Many of the benefits are effects of magnetic fields listed above are due to very basic mechanisms of action: stimulation of charge in the tissues and the movement of ions, especially calcium and the electrolytes sodium and potassium. Calcium ions are found in all cells and tissues and is involved in nerve conduction, muscle function, cellular respiration, vascular, wound healing, hematologic functions and immunity, to name a few. Just by affecting calcium ions alone, a large number of EMF actions are accounted for. This is why EMFs affect so many basic functions in the body and are so useful.

Basic Principles

Why Magnetic Therapy? What is it? Is there any value in it? What is the evidence?

Magnetic therapy is becoming recognized throughout the world as a legitimate medical discipline. The roots of this bioscience come from the studies done in biomagnetics, the study of the bodys own magnetic fields (MFs). The bodys fields are detectable only with suppression of the earths fields. The physical body is germinated, develops as an embryo and grows into the human adult totally immersed within the earths magnetic fields. All human activity is conditioned by the earths magnetic environments. Once the connection is made between the magnetic aspects of the biophysical chemistry of the human bio-organism, in fact, all planetary biology, then it becomes easier to conceive of the body as a bioelectric/magnetic organism, subject to all the physical laws of magnetism.

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Why is it important to study Biomagnetism?

Besides the need to understand the potential impact internal and environmental magnetism has on human functioning, we need to know how they can be applied or directed therapeutically. In many areas of medicine, human and veterinary, effective therapies are lacking, are inadequate, cost too much, are invasive or cause harm. Magnetic therapies offer the potential to create new approaches in understanding the body and caring for people.

New magnetic therapy uses are largely based on known principles. The basic principles of magnetism have been known and identified by Maxwell before the turn of the 20 th century. Healers have seen some of the effects of magnetic fields even in the 2 nd century BC in China, but only recently have we had a scientific basis to explain their observations that magnetic fields can be used in healing. Their observations were not systematically studied. Only in the past 30-40 years has there been more systematic, concerted use, primarily in the former Soviet Union, other parts of Europe and Asia. Experience in the English-speaking west to date, has been anecdotal and unverified. The information already available from other countries would be extremely helpful so that the West wouldn't have to reinvent the wheel." A substantial untranslated, nonEnglish medical literature is available. The non-medical scientific literature on the biologic effects of magnetic fields is already vast.

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I have co-authored a book, with Dr. Jiri Jerabek Magnetic Therapy in Eastern Europe : a review of 30 Years of Research. What this book does is to provide in English a review of the EXPERIENCE, not just theory and individual case histories or testimonials, in the use of magnetics in the former Soviet Union, that is, Eastern Europe . A significant amount of research has also been performed in other parts of Europe and Japan that supports much of the Eastern European experience. After reviewing all this knowledge became very clear to me that magnetic fields have important benefits in healing and health-care and that they are not only effective but, used properly, are also safe.

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There are many observed actions or effects on biologic processes, including chemical reactions, ion movement, changes in charges and electrical potentials, effects on lipids, starches and proteins, hormones and the large molecules and fundamental cellular processes, among others. However, there is no accepted concept in physics yet of how MFs affect these biologic activities. There are many theories, but no single theory that explains all the phenomena that have been observed. It is possible that no single theory or model can. Names for these various theories include: cyclotron resonance, parametric resonance, quantum mechanical, Larmor precession, ion oscillation, solid-state, biologic closed electric circuits and association-induction.

Despite this lack of it will accepted theory of action, magnetic field effects have definitely been observed and positive clinical actions experienced. As in many other areas of science theories often lag behind observed uses. Lack of a theory should not prevent magnetic field from being used to help meet people's health care needs. Magnetic field therapy can be effective in a wide range of conditions.

Before magnetic fields can be used in therapies, there is a need to have some basic understanding of some of the physical characteristics of magnetic fields, and some of their actions on the body. To do this, we will cover some of the terms used, basic characteristics of therapeutic fields, the body's own fields and environmental fields. We will also provide information on other aspects important to consider in magnetic therapy, such as effects on water and animals.

History of magnetism

Much of the history of magnetism is well covered on these websites:

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www.phy6.org www.newi.ac.uk www.worldwideschool.org www.ee.umd.edu www-istp.gsfc.nasa.gov

For our purposes here, it should be remembered that magnetic therapy, even electric therapy had been discovered and used to some extent going back to 2000-3000 BCE. The Chinese have even written protocols for using lodestones on acupuncture points dating this far back. Even ancient people and healers learned the practical value of using magnets for healing. Our understanding today of how and why EMFs work on biology is certainly much farther along, especially in the 20th century. Clearly, there is much more to learn and study.

The magnetic field, physical characteristics

In the space around moving electrical particles exist forces which can affect other moving particles. These forces are named magnetic fields. The source of these forces can be electrons in wires where electric current flows, ions in electrolyte solutions, electrons in cathode ray tubes (television monitors), etc. The staticmagnetic field around permanent magnets is based on the same principle. In the permanent magnet, motion of electrons (spin and orbital motion moment) is arranged such that magnetic field forces are detectable outside the magnet.

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Magnetic fields have intensity, space, time and duration aspects. Intensity applies to the strength of the field(s). Space refers to the 3-dimensional shape of the field(s). Time refers to whether the field(s) are fixed (static, DC or permanent) or turned on or off or changed in intensity and/or frequency over the period of use. Duration applies to the length of time the MF is applied.

Some facts about magnets (from the book 'Driving Force' by James D. Livingston) 1. North poles point north, south poles point south. 2. Like poles repel, unlike poles attract. 3. Magnetic forces attract only magnetic materials. 4. Magnetic forces act at a distance. 5. While magnetized, temporary magnets act like permanent magnets. 6. A coil of wire with an electric current flowing through it becomes a magnet. 7. Putting iron inside a current-carrying coil increases the strength of the electromagnet. 8. A changing magnetic field induces an electric current in a conductor. 9. A charged particle experiences no magnetic force when moving parallel to a magnetic field, but when it is moving perpendicular to the field it experiences a force perpendicular to both the field and the direction of motion. 10. A current-carrying wire in a perpendicular magnetic field experiences a force in a direction perpendicular to both the wire and the field.

Space Orientationxe "space orientation"

Regarding space orientation, magnetic fields can be uniform or non-uniform. Uniform fieldsare those where in every point of the field area of interest the same value (strengthand sign) and direction is found. Uniform fields are rarely practical in

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treating humans and are usually found in unique experimental situations. Not even the Earths magnetic field is uniform. In non-uniform fields,orientation can vary but more commonly the intensity varies and almost always decreases with distance from the surface. The degree of non-uniformity can be defined by mathematical calculations or by measurement using magnetometers. Non-uniform fields are almost always the rule in magnetic therapy and medical applications.

This diagram shows how the field density or strength decreases (the field lines widen) with the distance from the surface of the magnetic system. Also, because of the fact that field lines close their loops, may change "their direction " or polarity. This means, they tend to bend around and join with the field lines coming out the opposite side of the magnetic material. This gives the magnetic field a three-dimensional structure around the material. The body or body part would typically be enclosed by the three-dimensional field.

Static magnetic fields are similar to time-varied fields, in that they have a 3-dimensional shape and decrease with distance from the surface of the material. The only difference is that they are stationary or static, and do not come and go in a frequency pattern.

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When different types of static magnetic fields are combined into one device or applicator, the three-dimensional field can become very complicated and may determine the impact on the biologic organism it contains (Holcomb Fields, picture below).

Fields around coils: While static magnetic fields can be made with some complexity, by alternating their pole designs, time varied fields produced by electrical coils can be much more complicated. Nevertheless, intensity, shape, frequencies and the duration of use will determine the biological effects.

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Other field configurations can be seen at these sites: Single bar magnet Two bar magnets end to end, N to S, with a gap between them Two bar magnets end to end, N to N, with a gap between them Two bar magnets end to end, S to S, with no gap between them Two bar magnets side by side, N by N, with a gap between them Two bar magnets side by side, N by S, with a gap between them DC electromagnet with an air core DC electromagnet with a soft iron core DC electromagnet with a soft iron core, with a small permanent magnet below it Single donut magnet Group of six donut magnets, three stuck together, three levitated above Levitating train platform above its magnetic tracks Two disk magnets, stuck together, about to be slid apart (sometimes this is the only way to pull two NIB magnets apart) Two hemispherical magnets, with a gap between them A spherical magnet, like the earth's core

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Time variationxe "time variation"

Regarding time distribution, magnetic fields can be staticand/or time varying. A static magnetic field is one in which no change of magnetic flux density or intensity can be found over the time interval of use. In time varying magnetic fields, magnetic flux density or intensity changes at specified frequencies, usually greater than one cycle per second and typically up to the gigahertz level. In other words, the time variation/frequency factor can be theoretically or practically be the breadth of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Static magnetic fields are found around permanent magnets or electromagnets fed by direct (DC) current. Time varying magnetic fields result from electromagnets fed with non-constant currents, e.g. alternating (AC) currents. The most common, everyday time varying fields are found around electrical wires conducting AC current, e.g. to electrical appliances. AC current is typically used to generate other types of time- varied fields. Current (AC), the input current, is brought into a box where the signal is modified to the specifications of the manufacturer and then the output current is directed onto the coil(s) or applicator used for the MF therapy. The output current can be designed with various frequencies, wave forms, field orientations and intensities.

Intensity "intensity" (H) and Magnetic Flux Density "magnetic flux density" (B)

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Magnetic fields are characterized by intensity (H) and magnetic flux density (B). The intensity of a magnetic field is directly proportional to the current flowing through a wire and indirectly proportional to the distance from the wire: H = I/2pr where I = current intensity in amperes, r = distance from the wire in meters. The unit of H is ampere/meter (A/m) that is defined as the intensity of magnetic field in a distance r = 1/2p from the wire where a current of 1 A is flowing. Older terminology for H is in Oersteds where 1 Oersted(Oe) = 79.6 A/m.

Science measures magnetic flux density mostly in units of Tesla(T). This unit is defined as follows: if a force acting on a wire 1 meter long, where 1 A is flowing in a uniform magnetic field, is 1 N (newton), this field has the magnetic flux density of 1 T. Popular, terminology uses gauss(G), where 1 G = 10-4 T (0.0001 T), 1 T = 104 G or 100 mT (100 x 0.001T) = 1000G.

The relation between B and H is given by following equation: B = mH, where m is the environment permeability. Relation = r . 0 is valid, where r is relative permeabilityand 0 is permeability of a vacuum. Permeability of human tissues is effectively close to air and therefore B ~= H in biologic systems. Relative permeability is very limited with many metals, e.g. aluminum, steel and coil systems designed to block external MFs, ie, SQUIDS Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices.

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Since magnetic fields typically decrease rapidly with distance, this field intensity decline creates a field gradient, or slope. The gradient is given in units of strength over distance (T/m or mT/cm, etc). The greater the number the higher the gradient. It can be seen that the field drops drastically at the edges of a static magnet. Some static field designs affect the strength of the fields produced and how quickly the fields drop off in strength. Strong individual static magnets incorporated into a magnetic product will generally produce stronger fields, even if they placed in alternating arrays.

The field patterns of alternating pole designs are very complex. However, alternating pole designs may increase the field strength of flat flexible materials. While flat flexible materials may inherently have lower field strengths than individual neodymium magnets, they offer the advantage of ease of application.

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Measuring field strength

Magnetic fields, static or time-varied, are measured using magnetometers or gauss meters. Different meters may be necessary to measure AC fields in the home vs permanent magnets. There are 3 basic approaches to measurement devices using the Hall effect, Faradays law or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Meters are available based on these designs. Hall meters are the most common and vary significantly in price from simple home use devices to engineering and scientific level systems.

This site has good descriptions of magnetic fields and metering. www.gaussbusters.com

Gaussmeters are available from this site. Gaussmeters at LessEMF.com

This site allows you to convert units from cgs (gauss) to SI (Tesla) and vice versa. www.drusch.com

Actual versus Advertised Field Strengths

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Measuring actual magnetic field strengths is important to knowing how much magnetic energy is actually being delivered to the body. Many advertised magnetic field strength numbers are really theoretical and not actual. For permanent magnets, the field strengths can be a third to half of the advertised strength. Few manufacturers or retailers give the actual field strength at the surface of the magnet. Since most people do not have magnetometers or know how to properly use them, for permanent magnets . you'll usually need to subtract 50%, to be somewhere close to the real value. Often, if a magnets is not working quickly for a problem, especially pain, it is usually because the field strength is too low to have a rapid benefit. Lower field strengths do not mean a lack of benefit, benefits are just more likely to come more slowly.

Magnetic field measurements around a magnet, even over the main surface of the magnet, can vary tremendously depending on the quality of the material and other factors related to the magnetizing magnet. Most block or round, magnets have higher field strengths at or over the edge than over the middle. Because of this variability of measuring the field strength, this is why the theoretical strengths are typically given. Using a magnetometer one can determine the likely maximum field strength at the surface of the magnet. With larger magnets, this may be important in terms of determining which part of the surface of the magnet should actually be placed to treat the underlying problem.

Interaction mechanisms

There are three established physical mechanisms through which staticand time-varying magnetic fields interact with living matter.

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[1] Magnetic induction- relevant to both staticand time varying magnetic fieldsand originates through the following interactions: a. electrodynamic interactions with moving electrolytes are based on Lorentz forceson moving ionic charge carriers, induce electric fields and currents in the tissue or medium. This type of interaction is the basis of magnetically induced blood flowelectrical charges or potentials that have been studied with both staticand time varying magnetic fields. b. Faradaycurrents - relevant to time varying magnetic fields only. Most scientists consider this interaction as the key mechanism of magnetic therapy with time varying magnetic fields.

[2] Magnetomechanical effects- relevant mainly to staticmagnetic fields: a. in uniform magnetic fields, both diamagnetic (magnetically non-susceptible) and paramagnetic (magnetically susceptible) molecules experience torque, which tends to orientate them in a configuration that minimizes their free energy within the field. When the fields used for magnetic therapy are relatively weak (10 to 100 mT 100 to 1000 G), a magnetomechanical action may not be practically significant for the effects found from magnetic therapy. b. magnetomechanical action can be found in high gradient staticmagnetic fields that leads to the motion of either paramagnetic or ferromagnetic particles. High gradient fields decrease steeply with distance. Here again, this action may not be a significant cause of the effects of magnetic therapy. Some scientists believe that the slope of this gradient may be important across tissues or cells, since as a field crosses a tissue, each cell will experience a different field strength and therefore this may contribute to charge differentials across the tissue.

[3] Electronic interactions.

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Some chemical reactions are based on an action on free and non-free radicals where staticmagnetic fields exhibit an effect on electronic spin states. It is possible that, although the lifetimes of the intermediatescaused by this interaction are short, they can still be a sufficiently strong influence on biological matter via changed kinetics of dynamic chemical reactions to create actions in tissue.

Faradayxe "Faraday" s Law and current density

Time varying magnetic fields, versus static fields, have been used most often for therapy since it is most commonly believed that if the key mechanism of action is induction of tiny electrical currents in tissue, time varied fields do this more effectively than static magnetic fields. The better approach to inducing currents is to use time varying magnetic field

Electromagnetic Spectrum

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Time-varied magnetic fields, whether produced by the body itself, by therapeutic or man-made sources or on or around the planet itself, have a spectrum of frequencies within which they can occur. These are called the EM spectrum. The body produces a variety of frequencies of its own, through its own natural processes. These are usually measured in the low end of the EM spectrum, and are called ELF, or extremely low frequencies. Therapeutic or man-made sources can span a very broad range, including much of the EM spectrum. The Earth has its own frequencies and additional sources of both ionizing and nonionizing radiation come to us from outside the planet. Ionizing radiation is typically harmful to the body. However, ionizing radiation is used in medicine for diagnosis and treatment, including x-rays, isotope scanning and radiation therapy. Most of the magnetic fields used for therapy are the non-ionizing form. Basically then, humans are continually exposed to a broad array of electromagnetic frequencies, spanning the EM spectrum.

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