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Physical constants
Table 1.1. Reviewed 2007 by P.J. Mohr and B.N. Taylor (NIST). Based mainly on the CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental
Physical Constants: 2006 by P.J. Mohr, B.N. Taylor, and D.B. Newell (to be published). The last group of constants (beginning with the Fermi
coupling constant) comes from the Particle Data Group. The gures in parentheses after the values give the 1-standard-deviation uncertainties
in the last digits; the corresponding fractional uncertainties in parts per 109 (ppb) are given in the last column. This set of constants (aside
from the last group) is recommended for international use by CODATA (the Committee on Data for Science and Technology). The full 2006
CODATA set of constants may be found at http://physics.nist.gov/constants
Quantity
Symbol, equation
Value
Uncertainty (ppb)
s1
c
h
h/2
e
c
(c)2
electron mass
proton mass
deuteron mass
unied atomic mass unit (u)
0 = 1/0 c2
0
ne-structure constant
= e2 /40 c
me
mp
re =
0 me
e = /me c = re 1
a = 40 2 /me e2 = re 2
hc/(1 eV)
hcR = me e4 /2(40 )2 2 = me c2 2 /2
T = 8re2 /3
Bohr magneton
nuclear magneton
electron cyclotron freq./eld
proton cyclotron freq./eld
B = e/2me
N = e/2mp
e /B = e/m
cycl
e
p
cycl
/B = e/mp
5.788
3.152
1.758
9.578
gravitational constant
GN
gn
Avogadro constant
Boltzmann constant
NA
k
GF /(c)3
Z ) (MS)
sin2 (M
mW
mZ
s (mZ )
weak-mixing angle
W boson mass
Z 0 boson mass
strong coupling constant
e2 /4
1 in 0.0254 m
1 G 10 T
1
A 0.1 nm
1 dyne 105 N
1 barn 1028 m2
c2
381
451
820
833
7555(79)1011 MeV T1
2326(45)1014 MeV T1
150(44)1011 rad s1 T1
92(24)107 rad s1 T1
exact
exact
0.68, 0.68
2.1
1.4
0.68
25
25
4.1
1.4
1.4
25
25
1.0 105
1.0 105
exact
50
1700
1700
1700
1700
7000
9000
6.5 105
3.6 105
2.3 104
1.7 107
0.231
80.403(29) GeV/c2
91.1876(21) GeV/c2
0.1176(20)
= 0.577 215 664 901 532 861
25, 50
25, 50
0.10, 0.43
25
25, 50
exact
50
50
25
25, 25
25
50
19
36
kg
The meter is the length of the path traveled by light in vacuum during a time interval of 1/299 792 458 of a second.
At Q2 = 0. At Q2 m2W the value is 1/128.
Absolute lab measurements of G have been made only on scales of about 1 cm to 1 m.
N
See the discussion in Sec. 10, Electroweak model and constraints on new physics.
The corresponding sin2 for the eective angle is 0.23152(14).